Unit8GreenLivingGrammarFocusVerb-ing&Verb-edForms1.Tomasterthekeypointsofthenon-finite

verbs.2.Learntodistinguishtheusageofv-ingandpastparticiplesindifferentcontexts.LearningobjectivesWhatispredicate(謂語)?我玩游戲。Iplay

games.這是游戲。Thisis

games.小結1：謂語動詞是描述主要動作或狀態的動詞。Lead-inWhatisnon-predicateverbs(非謂語)?我玩由騰訊開發的游戲。Iplay

gamesdesigned

byTencent.這是由騰訊開發的游戲。Thisis

games

designed

byTencent.小結2：非謂語動詞是描述次要動作或狀態的動詞。Lead-in為什么會出現非謂語動詞?一個簡單句只有一個謂語動詞!還需要其它動詞含義，該動詞則用非謂Lead-inWhatisnon-predicateverbs(非謂語)?我玩由騰訊開發的游戲，惹怒了我老媽。Iplay

gamesdesigned

byTencent,angeringmymum.這是由騰訊開發的游戲，引發了討論。Thisis

games

designed

byTencent,excitingdiscussion.小結3：一個句子只能有一個謂語，但可以有多個非謂語。Lead-in非謂語動詞有哪些基本形式？tododoingdone不定式過去分詞現在分詞動名詞Thefallingleafintheskyislikeabutterfly.??進行HarryPotterwrittenbyJ.KRollingisveryinteresting.??被動非謂語動詞有哪些基本含義？The

fallen

leafontheroadislikeapieceofgold.

??完成ThemansittingonthegroundisprofessorSnape.??主動分詞的時態與語態:

主動形式被動形式現在分詞一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone過去分詞一般式done無Amindmap動詞謂語時態非謂語tododoingdone語態bedonedo/does/did/willdohave/has/haddone/willhavedoneis/am/are/was/weredoing/willbedoing目的/未完成主動/進行被動/完成非謂語動詞應該怎么解題？HarryPotterwritten

byJ.KRollingisveryinteresting.Hearingthatyouwillbebacksoon,Iamsohappy.一、判斷是否是非謂語動詞

二、找非謂語動詞的邏輯主語三、判斷他們的主被動關系

四、主動用doing被動用done一、判斷是否是非謂語動詞Theprofessor__________(give)usaspeechaboutwritingnowisfromPekingUniversity.be:is/are/am/was/weredo:do/dose/didhave:have/has/had情態動詞：will/would/can/could/shall/should/must/may助動詞二、找非謂語動詞的邏輯主語IsawaUltraman

fighting

withabeast.Shelikesthewarriorcalled

UltramanTiga.Hestillremembersthetimespentwithhisteammates.ThemansittingoverthereisDaigo.非謂語動詞結構位于名詞(代詞)之后，其邏輯主語一般為該名詞(代詞)Iaminterestedinthebasketballmatchheldinourschool.Therearesomanypeoplelivingonthestreets,anditiscrowded.

Weenjoyedtheperformancesshownbystudents.怎么確定非謂語動詞的邏輯主語Tigarevivedunderthesea,saving

everyonefromdarkness.Knowingthathecan’twin,hestilldecidetofight.Admiredbyallthehumans,Daigodoesn'tregardhimselfasagod.非謂語動詞結構與主句用逗號分隔，其邏輯主語一般為主句的主語Grammar

FocusVerb

–ing

Form動詞-ing形式在句中起形容詞或副詞的作用，可用作定語（attributive）、狀語（adverbial）、賓語補足語（object

complement）或表語（predicative）。The

crying

child

had

a

cut

on

his

knee.

(adjective;

attributive)The

market

is

filled

with

people

trading

and

bargaining.

(attributive)As

I

walked

past

the

room,

I

heard

two

people

arguing.

(adjective;

object

complement)The

football

game

was

exciting.

(adjective;

predicative)Grammar

Focus動詞-ing形式可以代替定語或狀語從句，也可以代替由and或but連接的兩個并列句。動詞-ing形式作狀語時，其邏輯主語須與句子主語一致。When

they

arrived

at

the

school,

the

children

found

it

was

closed.→Arriving

at

the

school,

the

children

found

it

was

closed.Have

you

met

the

boss

who

manages

the

company?→Have

you

met

the

boss

managing

the

company?The

car

drove

through

the

city,

and

headed

for

the

mountain

area.→The

car

drove

through

the

city,

heading

for

the

mountain

area.When

she

carried

a

large

and

heavy

box,

she

tripped

on

a

step

and

fell.→Carryinga

large

and

heavy

box,

she

tripped

on

a

step

and

fell.*Carryinga

large

and

heavy

box,

her

foot

tripped

on

a

step

and

fell.?注意有些單詞或詞組如：datebackto(追溯到);

belongto(屬于);

consistof(包括);

runout(用完);

measure(測量)...等無被動形式，做謂語用一般現在時主動語態，做非謂語用其doing形式。1、Thehousebelongs(belong)

tomyfriend.2、Thebook

belonging(belong)tohimisverygood.3、Thetreemeasures(measure)3meters.4、Thetree

measuring(measure)5metersisverytall.5、Thosecitiesdate(date)

backtotheMingDynasty.6、Thecity

dating

(date)backto

theMingDynastylooksbeautiful.某些短語，bebasedon;

beconcernedabout;beimpressedwith;

bedevotedto;beattachedto;beintendedat......做謂語帶be動詞，做非謂語不帶be動詞。1._______(base)onscientificresearch,thereportisreliable.2.Thebookisbasedonpersonalexperience.3.___________

(concern)aboutherson'sfuture,themotherhasbeensleepingverybadlythesemonths.4.Themotherwasconcernedaboutherson’sfuture.BasedConcerned注意

Match

the

words

in

bold

(1-4)

with

their

functions

(a-c).one

flowering

plantleave

one

little

tap

runningthe

world’s

best-known

expertInspired

by

her

example,

he

began

to

work

harder.

a.

attributiveb.

adverbialc.

object

complementPractice1.Thegirl___________(dance)intheclassroomnow.→分析：該句中_________(有/沒有)謂語動詞，所以該空格應使用______(謂語/非謂語動詞)；且根據now可知用____________時態。2.Thegirl___________(dance)intheclassroomnowandshelooksveryconfident.→分析：該句中________(有/沒有)謂語動詞，但是有并列連詞_______連接了兩個動詞，所以該空格應使用________(謂語/非謂語動詞)；且根據now可知用____________時態。isdancing沒有謂語isdancing現在進行有謂語現在進行andHowtochoosebetweendoinganddone?3.Thegirl__________(dance)intheclassroomnowlooksveryconfident.→分析：該句中______(有/沒有)謂語動詞，并且______(有/沒有)連詞，所以該空格應使用_________(謂語/非謂語動詞)；且邏輯主語girl與dance構成_______(主動/被動)關系，所以用__________(todo/doing/done)形式。4.Thegirlwho___________(dance)intheclassroomnowlooksveryconfident.→分析：該句中_____(有/沒有)謂語動詞，但是有從屬連詞_______，所以空格應使用_______(謂語/非謂語動詞)；且根據now可知用_________時態。dancingisdancing有沒有非謂語主動doing有who謂語現在進行Howtochoosebetweendoinganddone?解題步驟：1.確定是否用非謂語動詞；1）句子是否已存在謂語動詞；2）并列連詞？2.判斷非謂語動詞在句中的成分和作用；1）doing主動，進行2）done被動，完成3）todo目的，將來3.判斷時態/語態；1）一般式2）進行式3）完成式Exercise

Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,________(use)twigstoremoveit.Theparkwasfullofpeople____________(enjoy)themselvesinthesunshine.___________(order)overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.Hesawthatitwasabook___________(name)TheGreatestStoryEverTold.enjoyingusingOrderednamed(2019·天津卷)Mostcollegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacoursespecially_________(design)tohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.designedIwasthefirstWesternTVreporter____________(permit)tofilmaspecialunit.Formanypeople,especiallythose_______(live)intheoldpartsoftowns,thisisundoubtedlyaproblem.(2020·江蘇)Technologicalinnovations,_____________(combine)withgoodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts.permittedlivingShecarefullydesignedhouse,________(turn)theroomsintoadreamland.turning________(give)somepocketmoney,theboyrushedtobuyKFC.GivencombinedExercise

AsummaryofVerb-ing&Verb-edForms

attributive定語

objectcomplement賓語補足語adverbial狀語與被修飾詞之間是主動關系時用V-ing與被修飾詞之間是被動關系時用V-ed有時可以代替定從與賓語之間是主動關系時用V-ing與賓語之間是被動關系時用V-ed有時可以代替狀從與邏輯主語之間是主動關系時用V-