2024年高三一輪名校培優(yōu)筑基復(fù)習(xí)方案(北師大2019)（核心單詞+詞形轉(zhuǎn)換+詞匯精講+熟詞新意+寫作遷移）Unit9Humanbiology(選擇性必修三)解析版一、重點(diǎn)單詞分類——夯基礎(chǔ)(一)核心單詞[第一組]1．_________vt. 證明……有道理，為……辯護(hù)2．_________n. 障礙，壁壘3．_________adv. 永遠(yuǎn)；長久地4．_________n. 線索，提示5．_________adj. 至關(guān)重要的，關(guān)鍵性的6．_________adj. 很有可能，肯定會7．_________adj. 僅僅，只不過；極小的，極不重要的8．_________vt. 濫用，妄用；虐待n. 濫用；虐待9．_________n. 福氣，幸運(yùn)10．__________vt. 包含，容納，裝盛11．_________n. 病毒12．_________n. 因素，要素13．_________adv. 官方地，正式地14．_________adj. 稀有的，罕見的，不常發(fā)生的15．_________adj. 分布廣的，廣泛流傳的[第二組]16．_________vt. 埋葬，安葬；埋藏17．_________vt. 造成，引起，產(chǎn)生(問題、危險、困難等)n. (為畫像、拍照等而擺的)姿勢，姿態(tài)18．_________n. 肺19．_________n. (戰(zhàn)爭或疾病)爆發(fā)，突然發(fā)生20．_________n. 試驗(yàn)；審判，審理21．_________vt. 強(qiáng)調(diào)，使突出；在……之下劃線22．_________adj. 徹底的，全面的，詳盡的23．_________n. (犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子24．_________n. (襲擊事件、搶劫事件或兇殺案的)受害者25．_________n. (文章的)段，段落26．_________n. 現(xiàn)象27．_________n. 針(二)拓展單詞[第一組]1．_________n．(完成困難事情的)能力，才能→__________adj.有能力的；有才干的2．_________vt.推斷，推定→_________n．推理；推論；推斷3．_________vt.計(jì)算，核算→_________n．計(jì)算；估計(jì)4．_________vi.&vt.革新，創(chuàng)新，改革→_________n．創(chuàng)新，革新5．_________n．參加者，參與者→_________n．參與；參加→_________vi.&vt.參與，參加6．_________vi.&vt.編輯，編校；剪輯，剪接→_________n．版本；版次→_________n．編者，編輯7．_________n．基因→_________adj.遺傳的，基因的8．_________adv.人為地，虛假地→_________adj.人造的；仿造的；虛偽的9．_________adj.完全相同的，非常相似的→_________adv.同一地；相等地10．_________n．比較→_________vt.&vi.比較，對比；將……比作11．_________adj.準(zhǔn)確的，正確的→_________adv.精確地，準(zhǔn)確地→_________n．精確度，準(zhǔn)確性12．_________n．診療，治療，療法；對待方式→_________vt.治療；對待[第二組]13．_________n．強(qiáng)烈的情感，激情→_________adj.情緒(上)的，情感(上)的14．_________vi.&vt.找出……的準(zhǔn)確位置→_________n．位置；地點(diǎn)15．_________n．變化物，變體；差異，變動→_________vi.&vt.變化；改變；使多樣化→__________n．多樣化，變化→_________adj.不同的；各種各樣的16．_________vt.將……分類；把……歸入一類→_________n．歸類，分類，分級17．_________adj.與某事物相反；反對某事物，不贊成某事物→_________vt.反對→_________adj.對立的18．_________adj.令人沮喪的，讓人憂愁的→_________n．沮喪；憂愁→_________vt.壓抑；使沮喪；使蕭條→_________adj.沮喪的；蕭條的19．_________vt.&n．估計(jì)，估算→_________n．估計(jì)20．_________adj.看得見的→_________n．視力；眼力；想象力21．_________adv.穩(wěn)定地→_________adj.穩(wěn)定的22．_________adj.實(shí)際的，真實(shí)的→_________adv.實(shí)際上；事實(shí)上23．_________vi.不同，不一樣；有異意→_________adj.不同的→_________n．不同；差異24．_________vt.確定，發(fā)現(xiàn)；認(rèn)出，識別→_________n．身份證明(文件)→_________n．身份；同一性，一致25．_________adv.象征地，象征性地→_________n．象征；符號→_________adj.象征性的(三)閱讀單詞[第一組]1．biologyn. _________2．marathonn. _________3．physicistn. _________4．a(chǎn)thleticsn. _________5．vaccinen. _________6．resiliencen. _________7．clonevt. _________n. _________8．mammaln. _________9．cameln. _________10．cattlen. _________11．goatn. _________12．primaten. _________13．a(chǎn)pen. _________14．reproductiveadj. _________15．provokevt. _________16．inferioradj. _________17．a(chǎn)tomn. _________18．nerven. _________19．organn. _________20．impulsen. _________[第二組]21．crosswordn. _________22．zonen. _________23．intaken. _________24．omegan. _________25．epidemicn. _________26．bacterian. _________27．paralleln. _________adj. _________28．samplen. _________vt. _________29．CE _________30．symptomn. _________31．systematicadj. _________32．globen. _________33．correspondingadj. _________34．mineraln. _________35．databasen. _________36．a(chǎn)stronomern. _________二、必備短語分組——抓落實(shí)(一)漢譯英1．_________ 能夠2．_________ 與……相比3．_________ 致力于4．_________ 對……負(fù)責(zé)5．_________ 度過，熬過(困難時期等)6．_________ 多達(dá)7．_________ 克服；恢復(fù)；熬過8．_________ 想到，想出(二)英譯漢9．a(chǎn)greatdealof _________10．beboundto _________11．beviewedas _________12．beclassifiedas _________13．inthecourseof _________14．resultin _________三、經(jīng)典句式默背——積佳句(一)句型公式1.the＋序數(shù)詞＋名詞＋todoTheywere_________(theorderofmammalswhichincludeapes,monkeys，andhumans)_________!它們是有史以來首次被克隆的靈長類動物(哺乳動物的一個類別，包括猿、猴子和人類)!2．while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句___________________________，othersraisemoralconcerns.盡管有些人認(rèn)為這對于科學(xué)的進(jìn)步至關(guān)重要，但也有人提出了道德方面的擔(dān)憂。3．insist賓語從句中的虛擬語氣Researchers____________________________________andadvanced.研究人員堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，克隆科學(xué)應(yīng)進(jìn)一步得到探索與發(fā)展。4．動詞-ing形式短語作結(jié)果狀語Scientistsnowestimatethatupto50%ofthearea'spopulationdiedfromtheepidemic,_____________________________________________．科學(xué)家們現(xiàn)在估計(jì)，該地區(qū)多達(dá)50%的人口死于這種流行病，這是使其成為羅馬帝國衰落的主要原因之一。(二)單元美句1．Researchersinsistthatthescienceofcloningshouldbefurtherexploredandadvanced.AsEinsteinsaid，“Scienceisapowerfulinstrument.Howitisused,whetheritisablessingoracursetomankind,dependsonmankindandnotontheinstrument.Aknifeisuseful,butitcanalsokill.”研究人員堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為克隆科學(xué)應(yīng)該進(jìn)一步探索和發(fā)展。正如愛因斯坦所說：“科學(xué)是一種強(qiáng)大的工具。如何使用它，它對人類是福還是禍，取決于人而不是工具。刀是有用的，但它也能殺人。”2．Countrieswillneedtoworktogethertodothisbecauseteamworkamongnationsacrosstheglobecansavelives.各國需要共同努力做到這一點(diǎn)，因?yàn)槿蚋鲊g的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作可以挽救生命。四、單元知識橫拓——積得多1．含后綴“-cy”的名詞①accuracy 準(zhǔn)確；精確②efficiency 效率；效能③fluency 流暢；流利④frequency 頻繁；頻率⑤tendency 傾向；趨勢⑥sufficiency 充分2．表示“能力；力量”助成功①powern. 能力；力量；權(quán)力②abilityn. 能力③petencen. 能力；勝任④energyn. 精力；能源⑤forcen. 武力⑥strengthn. 力量⑦capabilityn. 能力，才能3．“介詞＋the＋名詞＋of”類短語聚焦①inthecourseof 在……過程中；在……期間②intheabsenceof 缺乏，不在，無……時③intheactof 正在做……時④inthecaseof 就……來說，至于……⑤inthefaceof 在……面前，不顧⑥intheformof 以……的形式五、讀后續(xù)寫微技能——動作描寫之跑、走、沖Nolongerhesitating，hegotoffthetruckandranquicklytowardsthebuilding.Hestole/slidintothebuildingfromthebackdoor,hopingnoonewouldnoticehim.However,asecurityguardapproachedandaskedpolitelywhomhehadmadeanappointmentwith.Themandashed/rushedfortheexit,andescapedingreatpanic.Racinghome,heburstintothebedroom.Thenhestartedwalkingupanddownintheroomwithafrownonhisface.一、單詞拼寫根據(jù)漢語或首字母提示寫出單詞的正確形式1．Gettingyoungpeopletogetherwillhelptobreakdownthe_________(障礙)betweenthem.2．Bodylanguageisthekeytomunication,sopropergesturesplaya_________(至關(guān)重要的)roleinourdailylife.3．Recently，thepolicehavearrestedagreatmanypeoplerelatedtodrug_________(濫用).4．Somebad_________(要素)areruiningthefutureoffilmindustry,sogreateffortsshouldbemadetoattractmoreaudience.5．Insum,theireffortsanddedicationwon_________(廣泛的)praise.6．Failureisthemotherofsuccess,whichmeansprogresswillbemadeonlyby_________(試驗(yàn))anderror.7．Judgingfromhisnervousexpression,I_________(懷疑)himtobeathief.8．Manypeoplewenttothedisasterareatohelpthe_________(受害者)asvolunteersaftertheearthquakehappened.9．Ifchildrenweremadetofeel_________tootherchildren,theirconfidencewoulddecline.10．Unfortunately,itisnotuntil_________beginthatdiseasearegenerallydetected.二、單句語法填空用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Altogether,my_________(calculate)werebasedontheassumptionthathousingpriceswouldremainsteady.2．Wemustencourage_________(innovate)ifthepanyistoremainpetitive.3．①_________(participate)willberequiredtorecitetheirfavouritepoemstosharewiththeaudience.②Weholdthebeliefthatyoumaydisplayyourwonderfultalentsthroughthiscontest.Lookingforwardtoyour_________(participate).4．ThetallestbuildingsinLondonaresmallin_________(pare)withtheskyscrapersinNewYork.5．①Theyquestionedthe_________(accurate)oftheinformationinthefile.②Youmustmeasurethelength_________(accurate)inordertogettheaccuratenumber.6．Nowweaimtotrytohelpprovidenew_________(treat)fortheseseverelydisabledpatients.7．Childrencanseekouta_________(vary)ofrulesinthecourseoflearningalanguage.8．Currently,acampaignofgarbage_________(classify)isbeinglaunchedinourschool.9．Lackofexercisecanleadtofeelingsof_________(depress)andexhaustion.10．Soonafterwards,thehelicopterlanded_________(steady)onthegroundandTomjumpedout.三、選詞填空用方框內(nèi)所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空becapableof,beviewedas，resultin,eupwith,beboundto1．Iholdthefirmbeliefthatyou_________achieveyourdreamofbeingadmittedtoakeyuniversity.2．Toomuchanxietycan_________sleeplessnessandlossofappetite.3．We_________finishingtheworkefficientlywithourjointefforts.4．Afterlookingovermyplan,themanagerhopedIcould_________abetterandmorepracticalone.5．This_________themosteffectivewaytoovereovereating.四、經(jīng)典句式仿寫1．我母親是村子里第一個接受高等教育的婦女。(the＋序數(shù)詞＋名詞＋todo)Mymotheris_________．2．雖然我是一名交換生，但是我精通英語，了解英國文化。(while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句)__________________，IhaveagoodmandofEnglishandknowaboutBritishculture.3．我堅(jiān)持主張你應(yīng)該從北京開始，而且我會帶你四處看看。(insist賓語從句中的虛擬語氣)Iinsist____________________________________，andIwillshowyouaround.4．中國已經(jīng)修建了更多的公路，這讓人們的出行變得更容易。(動詞-ing形式短語作結(jié)果狀語)MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina，___________________________________．Part1重點(diǎn)詞匯過關(guān)1．parisonn．比較(1)inparisonwith與……相比byparison(with...)(和……)相比之下(2)parevt.比較，對比；把……比作pare...with/to...把……與……比較paredwith...與……比較pare...to...把……比喻為……beyondpare無與倫比；舉世無eq\o(雙,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Inparisonwiththepast，theInternetdoesbringgreatconveniencetous.與過去相比，網(wǎng)絡(luò)的確給我們帶來了極大的便利。(應(yīng)用文之網(wǎng)絡(luò))練透——單句語法填空①_________(pare)withtraditionalpayment,mobilepaymenthasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.②By_________(pare),thebrainsofapes(類人猿)requireonly8%ofrest-timeenergy.③When_________(pare)differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiontothedifferenceswithoutnoticingmanysimilarities.寫美——應(yīng)用文寫作之人物介紹④老師經(jīng)常被比作蠟燭，因?yàn)樗麄兊姆瞰I(xiàn)精神是無法比擬的。Ateacher__________________________，andthat'sbecausetheirdevotiontoworkisbeyondpare.2．treatmentn．診療，治療，療法；對待方式(1)undertreatment在治療中(2)treatn.招待；款待v.對待；治療；款待；請客treatsbas...把某人看作……treatsbtosth用……招待……，以……款待……treatsbwith...以……方式對待某eq\o(人,\s\do4(,))【佳句】I'mworriedaboutthesafetyofthetreatment.我擔(dān)心這種療法是否安全。[聯(lián)想]“把……當(dāng)……看待”的表達(dá)薈萃：(1)regard...as...(2)consider...as...(3)thinkof...as...(4)see...as...(5)view...as...練透——單句語法填空(2021·全國乙卷)Irespectmymothersomuchasshenevertreatsme_________achild，butasanequal.②Afterayearandahalfof_________(treat),inAugust2012,Pattywastoldhercancerhadspread.Otherstreatguestsorfriends_________teadrinkinginsocialmunication.寫美——句式升級④Ifthepatientwastreatedinaproperway，hewaslikelytobesaved.→__________________，thepatientwaslikelytobesaved.(動詞-ed形式短語作狀語)3．opposedadj.與某事物相反；反對某事物，不贊成某事物(1)beopposedto(doing)sth反對(做)某事(2)opposevt.反對；抵制；阻撓oppose(doing)sth反對(做)某事(3)opposingadj.對立eq\o(的,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Asfarasthetopicisconcerned,I'mopposedtoscrappingEnglishfrommiddleschoolcurriculum.就這個話題而言，我反對從中學(xué)課程中取消英語。(投稿信)練透——單句語法填空①M(fèi)uchtoouramazement，allthemembersopposed_________(change)theplan.②Becauseallofmyfriendswereopposed_________myplan，Icouldn'tresistsobbingsadly.寫美——句式升級用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)對句②進(jìn)行改寫③___________________________________，Icouldn'tresistsobbingsadly.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))4．buryvt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏(1)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(beburiedin,buryoneselfin))埋頭于；專心于(2)buryone'sfaceinone'shands雙手掩面【佳句】Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.軍隊(duì)組織各隊(duì)去挖出被困者，埋葬死者。[聯(lián)想]表示“專心于；致力于”的短語還有：bedevotedto；belostin；beengagedin；beabsorbedin；focus/concentrateon練透——單句語法填空①Thegirlwassittingonthebenchinthepark，_________(bury)herselfinthebook.②_________(bury)inhisbooks，hewasnotawareitwasrainingoutside.寫美——讀后續(xù)寫之傷心當(dāng)她聽到那個壞消息時，她掩面而泣。She__________________________________andweptwhensheheardthebadnews.5．differvi.不同，不一樣；有異意(1)differin在……方面不同differfrom與……不同(2)differencen.不同；差異makeadifference(to...)(對……)有影響/起作用tellthedifferencebetweenAandB分清A和B(3)differentadj.不同的bedifferentfrom與……不eq\o(同,\s\do4(,))【佳句】ThereisnodenyingthatcustomsdifferindifferentcountriesandthoseofChinaoftenreflectChinesemoralvaluesaboutnatureandpeople.不可否認(rèn)不同國家的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣不盡相同，中國的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣往往反映了中國人對自然和人的道德價值觀。練透——單句語法填空①Itwasquitedifferent_________thoseIsawinourcity,thusimmediatelystimulatingmyinterest.②Walkingforanhoureverydayhasmadeabigdifference_________myhealth.練透——應(yīng)用文寫作之倡議書請為我們的校園清潔和諧盡自己的一份力量。你的努力會帶來很大的不同。Pleasedoyourlittlebittomakeourcampuscleanandharmonious.__________________.6．suspectn．(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子suspectvt.&vi.懷疑；疑有；不信任suspectthat...懷疑……；覺得……suspectsbof(doing)sth懷疑某人(做過)某事suspectsbtobe...懷疑某人是…eq\o(…,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Itseemsthattheoriginalsuspectisintheclear.好像原先的嫌疑犯已被認(rèn)定無罪。練透——單句語法填空①Whatmadetheassistantannoyedwasthathe_________(suspect)ofstealinghismoney.②Two_________(suspect)inconnectionwiththekillingarenowbeingquestionedbythepolice.寫美——完成句子③他說的話聽起來很有道理，但我懷疑那是謊話。Whathesaidsoundedreasonable，butI_________．1．pose[對點(diǎn)微練]——選出pose的含義A．v.構(gòu)成，造成(威脅、問題等)B．v.擺姿勢C．v.提出(問題)①HowcouldIpossiblytakethetimetoposeforasculpturenow？②Andthestoryposesaninterestingquestion:whydosomepeoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays,whileothersgotoseedlongbefore？③Thestudentsweredeportedbecausetheyposedathreattonationalsecurity.2．containvt.包含，容納，裝盛[對點(diǎn)微練]——賞句猜義①Ilostafilecontainingalotofimportantdocuments._________②(熟詞生義)Shecouldnolongercontainherangerandstartedyellingathim._________3．underlinevt.強(qiáng)調(diào)，使突出；在……之下劃線[對點(diǎn)微練]——賞句猜義①Thereportunderlinestheimportanceofpreschooleducation._________②Hewrotedownthetitleoftheessayandunderlinedit._________4．nerven．神經(jīng)；焦慮，恐懼，緊張[對點(diǎn)微練]——賞句猜義①(熟詞生義)Ittakesalotofnervetobeabombdisposalexpert._________②Repairingdamagednervesisaverydelicateoperation._________◎主題語境培優(yōu)——詞匯庫1.allergicadj.2.energizevt.3.chewvi.4.nutritiousadj.5.upsetvt.6.well-beingn．7.skipbreakfast8edownwith9.agreewith10.immunesystem[自主核對區(qū)]1.過敏的2.使精力充沛3.咀嚼4.有營養(yǎng)的5.使腸胃不適；腹瀉6.安康；健康7.不吃早飯8.染(病)9.(氣候、食物)適合10.免疫系統(tǒng)Part2寫作句式遷移1．the＋序數(shù)詞(＋n.)＋todo[課本原句]Theywerethefirst-everprimates(theorderofmammalswhichincludeapes,monkeys，andhumans)tohavebeencloned!它們是有史以來首次被克隆的靈長類動物(哺乳動物的一個類別，包括猿、猴子和人類)!動詞不定式作后置定語的幾種情況：(1)序數(shù)詞、最高級以及theonly，thelast，theright等或被這些詞修飾的名詞后常用動詞不定式作定語。(2)抽象名詞decision，ability，determination，opportunity，chance，way，ambition以及time，place后常用動詞不定式作定語eq\o(。,\s\do4(,))【點(diǎn)津】如果不定式中的動詞是不及物動詞，后面必須有必要的介詞。[寫作遷移]——微寫作①最重要的是，老人是第一個品嘗美食的人，因?yàn)樵谥袊先撕苁茏鹬亍ostimportantly,theelderlyare__________________becausetheyarewellrespectedinChina.②現(xiàn)在，我在學(xué)校里對自己更有信心了，抓住機(jī)會發(fā)表演講和讀書報告。Now,Ihavemoreconfidenceinmyselfatschool,jumpingat_______________________________．2．動詞-ing形式短語作結(jié)果狀語[課本原句]Scientistsnowestimatethatupto50%ofthearea'spopulationdiedfromtheepidemic,makingitoneofthemaincausesofthefalloftheRomanEmpire.科學(xué)家們現(xiàn)在估計(jì)，該地區(qū)多達(dá)50%的人口死于這種流行病，這是使其成為羅馬帝國衰落的主要原因之一。(1)動詞-ing形式短語作結(jié)果狀語表示意料、情理之中的結(jié)果；(2)動詞不定式還可以作結(jié)果狀語，一般放在句子后面，且常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，常與only，just等詞連用eq\o(。,\s\do4(,))[寫作遷移]——微寫作①讓我們攜起手來，讓校園更安全，創(chuàng)造一個和平和諧的環(huán)境。Let'sjoinhandstomakethecampussafer,__________________．②我相信這段經(jīng)歷也會對你有益，使你的交換生生活更加豐富多彩。Ibelievetheexperiencewillalsobebeneficialtoyou,___________________________．單句語法填空1．(2022·全國乙卷)Itis_________(calculate)thatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance.2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Being_________(emotional)intelligentdoesnotnecessarilymakeoneamoralperson.3．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Theabilityto_________(accurate)understandhowothersarefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatients.4．(2020·江蘇卷)Technological_________(innovative),binedwithgoodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts.5．Theresearcherssaidtheirfindingswouldhelpotherscientistsfindcausesandpossible_________(treat)forthedisease.6．Marriagesbasedonmoneyratherthanlovearebound_