英語[W]一背記單詞/詞塊◎生態1．lotusn.蓮花，荷花2．termiten.白蟻3．algaen.藻類(植物)4．pinecone松果，松球5．biomimicryn.仿生學6．dioxiden.二氧化物7．sowv.播(種)8．batn.蝙蝠9．dragonflyn.蜻蜓10．spidern.蜘蛛11．domesticadj.馴養的；家養的12．mulberryn.桑葚；桑樹13．botanicaladj.植物(學)的◎環境14．moundn.土堆，土丘15．tilen.瓦片16．waterfrontn.濱水地區17．promenaden.濱海步行道18．pondn.池塘19．ruraladj.農村的，鄉村的20．cottagen.鄉村小屋21．lanen.(鄉間的)小路◎技術22．echo-locationn.回聲定位23．radarn.雷達24．dronen.無人駕駛飛機◎其他25．mimicv.模仿26．plumbingn.管道系統27．frontiern.(學科的)知識前沿28．swimsuitn.游泳衣29．physiciann.醫生30．bowv.鞠躬31．decentadj.可接受的，相當好的32．atopprep.在……頂上33．easen.舒適，悠閑34．attainv.得到，獲得二詞形變化1．architectn.建筑師→architecturen.建筑風格，建筑設計2．superbadj.極好的，出色的→superblyadv.極好地，出色地3．convertv.使轉變；使轉換→conversionn.轉換；轉變4．wiseadj.明智的；英明的→wisdomn.智慧→wiselyadv.明智地5．employv.使用，運用；雇用→employern.雇用者，雇主→employeen.雇員→employmentn.雇用；工作；就業6．superficialadj.表面(上)的→superficiallyadv.表面(上)地7．deliberateadj.不慌不忙的，從容不迫的；故意的，蓄意的→deliberatelyadv.不慌不忙地，從容不迫地；故意地，蓄意地8．withdrawv.退出→withdrawaln.退出；撤走；收回；取回9．depressv.使沮喪；使抑郁→depressiveadj.抑郁的→depressedadj.沮喪的→depressionn.沮喪，抑郁10．reluctantadj.不情愿的；勉強的→reluctantlyadv.不情愿地；勉強地11．departv.離開→departuren.啟程；上路；違背；離開；出發12．pureadj.純的；純粹的；純潔的→purityn.純潔；潔凈→purifyv.凈化；變純凈13．resignv.使自己順從于(做)某事；安于→resignationn.辭職；辭呈；順從→resignedadj.順從的；已辭職的；已放棄的14．rejectv.拒絕接受→rejectionn.拒絕；摒棄15．fulfilv.實現；執行，完成→fulfilmentn.滿足(感)→fulfilledadj.感到滿足的→fulfillingadj.使人滿足的，令人愉快的16．evaluatev.評估，評價→evaluationn.評估，評價1．TheHotelofFragrantHilldesignedbyLeohMingPei,afamousChinesebornAmericanarchitect,__isoneofthemostfamousarchitecturesinBeijing.(architect)2．Theemployerofthecompanydecidestoemploymoreemployeeswhohaverichexperience.(employ)3．Deliberatehurtcrimeistohurtothers'bodyandhealthdeliberately.(deliberate)4．SoIreluctantlydecidedtotrytheoppositeapproachandIwasreluctanttoinvolvemyselfinhisproblems.(reluctant)5．Liptonisplanningtodepartfromthecompanyhefoundedandhisdeparturewillsurelymakemanyworkerssurprisedandsad.(depart)6．Alloursuggestionswere__rejectedoutofhandandmanyofthemfeltdepressedattherejection.(reject)7．Ifyoufulfilyourtaskaheadoftime,youwillhaveasenseoffulfilment.(fulfil)8．Theywanttoconvertuselessraillines,andaftertheconversion,__theycanbeusedforcycleroutes.(convert)三熟詞生義1.bat[熟義]n.蝙蝠；球棒，球拍[生義]n.輪到擊球v.眨(眼)；揮打，拍打；擊球2．bow[熟義]v.鞠躬；低頭；彎曲n.鞠躬[生義]v.屈從于n.蝴蝶結；弓3．withdraw[熟義]v.退出；提，取(銀行賬戶中的錢款)[生義]v.不與人交往4．ease[熟義]n.舒適，悠閑v.減輕；緩和；放松[生義]v.降低；(使)貶值；小心緩慢地移動1．Shedidn'tbataneyelidwhenItoldhermynews.我把我的事告訴她時，她眼都不眨一下。2．Sharepriceseasedbackfromyesterday'slevels.股價從昨天的水平上降低了。3．She'sbeginningtowithdrawintoherself.她開始變得不愛與人交往了。4．Somestoresarebowingtoconsumerpressureandstockingorganicallygrownvegetables.有些商店屈從于消費者的壓力，供應有機蔬菜。小積累—wordfamiles1.后綴-dom高頻名詞集錦①wisdom智慧②freedom自由③boredom厭煩，無聊④chiefdom首領的地位⑤kingdom王國⑥random隨意2.“得到，獲得”動詞家族①attain得到，獲得②obtain得到，獲得③earn贏得；賺得④achieve取得，實現⑤gain獲得，贏得⑥acquire獲得；取得⑦secure獲得3.“人的感受”的差異化①at__ease__with不拘束，放松②astonishedadj.驚訝的；吃驚的③reluctantadj.不情愿的④upsetadj.心煩意亂的⑤wearyadj.厭倦的⑥frustratedadj.沮喪的；受挫的一詞表短語/課文短語1．take__...__for__granted認為……理所當然2．seek__solutions__to尋求解決方法3．take__inspiration__from從……中獲取靈感4．at__ease__with不拘束，放松5．respond__to對……做出反應6．in__return__for作為……的回報7．withdraw__from從……撤離/退出/提取8．resign__oneself__to使某人自己聽從/順從……選用上面的短語填空1．Peopletendtotaketheirfreedomandpeacefor__granted,__forgettinghowhardothershavefoughtforit.2．Afterworkingtogetherforseveralmonths,Ifeelmoreat__ease__withmycolleagues.3．Artistsoftentake__inspiration__fromnaturetocreatetheirmasterpieces.4．Weshouldalwaysseek__solutions__toconflictsthroughpeacefulmeans.5．Nowadays,manyoftheyouthtaketheirparents'loveandcontributionforgranted,doingnothingin__return__forit.二寫作詞塊1．in__the__centre__of在……的中心2．come__about產生，發生3．be__opposed__to反對4．in__the__same__way同樣地；以相同的方式5．reduce__damage__to__the__environment減少對環境的破壞6．generate__renewable__energy生產可再生能源7．poets__of__fields__and__gardens田園詩人8．have__a__right__to__live__and__prosper有生存和繁榮的權利9．live__in__closer__harmony__with__our__environment與我們的環境更和諧地相處10．meet__the__needs__of滿足……的需要11．in__order__to__survive__in__the__wild為了在野外生存12．find__contentment__in__simplicity從簡單中找到滿足感1．(教材P66)看到一朵綻開的花，我們可能會覺得它和雨傘是多么相似。(make＋賓語＋賓語補足語)An__open__flower__might__make__us__think__how__closely__it__resembles__an__umbrella.2．(教材P67)津巴布韋建筑師米克·皮爾斯在一部大自然紀錄片中看到白蟻筑造蟻穴，從中得到啟發，從而設計了東門大廈。(時間狀語從句的省略)Zimbabwean__architect__Mick__Pearce__was__inspired__to__create__the__Centre__while__watching__a__nature__documentary__in__which__termites__were__constructing__their__nests.3．(教材P74)公元405年，陶淵明辭去了官職，以表達他對仕途的不滿，用今天的一句名言形容就是“不為五斗米折腰”。(that引導同位語從句)In__405,__he__quit__the__service__of__the__court__for__good,__expressing__his__unhappiness__in__the__now__famous__line__that__he__would__not__“bow__like__a__servant__in__return__for__five__dou__of__grain”．自主檢測一、重點單詞1．rejectv.拒絕接受2．resignv.使自己順從于(做)某事；安于3．architectn.建筑師→architecturen.建筑風格，建筑設計4．evaluatev.評估，評價→evaluationn.評估，評價5．withdrawv.退出→withdrawaln.退出；撤走；收回；取回6．pureadj.純的；純粹的；純潔的→purityn.純潔；潔凈→purifyv.凈化；變純凈7．depressv.使沮喪；使抑郁→depressiveadj.抑郁的→depressedadj.沮喪的→depressionn.沮喪，抑郁8．fulfilv.實現；執行，完成→fulfilmentn.滿足(感)→fulfilledadj.感到滿足的→fulfillingadj.使人滿足的，令人愉快的9．employv.使用，運用；雇用→employern.雇用者，雇主→employeen.雇員→employmentn.雇用；工作；就業10．departv.離開→departuren.啟程；上路；違背；離開；出發拔高詞匯—高分必備1.remedy/'rem?di/n.治療法；補救辦法；糾正辦法vt.改正，糾正，改進；補救；治療2．consolidation/k?n?s?lI'deI?(?)n/n.鞏固；合并3．deprive/dI'praIv/v.剝奪；使喪失；使不能享有4．dumb/d?m/adj.啞的，啞口無言的；愚蠢的5．linger/'lI?ɡ?(r)/vi.逗留，徘徊；緩慢消失6.vague/veIɡ/adj.模糊的；(思想上)不清楚的；(表達或感知)含糊的7．tangible/'t?nd??b(?)l/adj.可觸知的；有形的，真實的；實際的8．grope/ɡr??p/v.&n.探索，摸索二、重點語塊Humansoftentake__for__granted(認為……理所當然)thewisdomembeddedinnature'screatures.Insteadofoverlookingit,weshouldactivelyseek__solutions__to(尋求解決方法)ourproblemsbytaking__inspiration__from(從……中獲取靈感)animalsandplants.Byobservinghowtheyadaptandsurvive,wefindourselvesmoreat__ease__with(放松)thechallengesweface.Forinstance,architectsrespond__to(對……做出回應)theneedforsustainabledesignsbymimickingthestructuresofbirds'nestsandleaves,showcasinghownaturecontinuestoguideourinnovations.三、重點句式1．知道自己的弱點可以讓我成為一個更好的人。(make＋賓語＋賓語補足語)Knowingmyweaknessescanmake__me__a__better__person．2．在上網的時候，我讀了一篇關于如何提高英語口語的文章。(時間狀語從句的省略)While__surfing__the__Internet,__IreadanarticleabouthowtoimprovemyspokenEnglish.四、寫作佳句1．【教材P67】它的形狀像一朵蓮花，漂浮在海濱長廊上，四周被水環繞。Shaped__to__resemble__a__lotus__flower,__it__appears__to__float__above__the__waterfront__promenade__and__the__water__that__surrounds__it.2．【教材P68】因此，該建筑不僅能夠適應環境，減少能耗，而且自身可以產生可再生能源，減少對環境的危害。The__building__therefore__not__only__responds__to__its__environment__and__uses__less__energy,__but__also__reduces__damage__to__the__environment__by__generating__its__own__renewable__energy.3．【教材P75】我們可以從他的詩歌中看出，盡管生活艱苦，但他從這種簡單的生活中成功獲得了滿足感，并從大自然中獲得了樂趣。From__his__poetry,__we__can__learn__that__although__his__life__was__arduous,__he__succeeded__in__finding__contentment__in__its__simplicity__and__in__drawing__pleasure__from__nature.4．【教材P78】如果我們真的想展翅飛翔，我們必須經歷一些困難。We__must__go__through__some__difficult__things__if__we__really__wish__to__spread__our__wings__and__fly.硬核考點考點1employv.使用，運用；雇用；忙于employsbtodosth雇用某人做某事employsbas...雇用某人為……employoneselfin＝beemployedin忙于1.(2024·新課標Ⅱ卷)“Wearepassionateaboutreducingwaste,carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment，”saidaBMFemployee(employ)．2．Theyemployedsomeexperiencedpeopleto__prepare(prepare)theexhibitionoftheirnewproductssothattheycouldappealtomorecustomers.3．ThebossdecidedtoemployTomashersecretarybecauseofhisoutstandingperformance.4．Thefiguresrepresentageneraldeclineinemployment(employ)．5．他忙著在實驗室里做實驗，沒有注意到他的朋友已經離開了。Employed__in__doing__experimentsinthelab,hedidnotnoticehisfriendhadleft.＝Employing__himself__in__doing__experimentsinthelab,hedidnotnoticehisfriendhadleft.考點2withdrawv.退出；提，取(銀行賬戶中的錢款)；不與人交往withdraw...from...從……中提取……withdrawfrom從……撤出/退出withdrawintooneself脫離，不與人交往withdrawalfrom...從……退出a/thewithdrawalof...……的收回/撤回/停止1.Thedrugwaswithdrawnfromsaleafteranumberofpeoplesufferedserioussideeffects.2．Thecommanderorderedanimmediatewithdrawal(withdraw)ofthetroopsfromthisarea.3．對他來說，躺平并不意味著放棄或退出社會。Forhim,lyingflatisnotaboutgiving__up__or__withdrawing__from__society．考點3resignv.使自己順從于(做)某事；安于；辭職resignfrom...從……辭職resignas...辭去……的職務resignoneselfto(doing)sth聽任/順從/只好接受(做)某事1.Davidcomplainedaboutsalaryanddecidedtoresignfromhisoffice.2．Inordertolookafterhersickmother,myfrienddecidedtoresignherpositionasmanager.3．Hisresignation(resign)wastotallyunexpectedand,asaresult,noplanshavebeenmadeforhisreplacement.4．如果你任由自己整天看電視，就不能按時完成工作。If__you__resign__yourself__to__watching__TV__all__day,__youwillnotfinishyourworkontime.考點4rejectv.拒絕接受；排斥reject(doing)sth拒絕(做)某事rejectionofsth對某事的拒絕organrejection器官排斥1.(2023·北京高考)Ihadputsomuchtimeandemotionalenergyintoapplying,andIthoughttherejection(reject)meanttheendoftheroadformysciencecareer.2．Icouldn'tverywellrejectassisting(assist)thepolicewiththeirinquiries.3．Therejectionofthismeasurearousedthepeopletoindignation.4．隨著期末考試的臨近，我想呼吁你們所有人拒絕作弊。(寫作佳句)Asourfinalexamsareapproaching,I'dliketocall__on__all__of__you__to__reject__cheating．【北師版必修第三冊寫作佳句】Itshowsabeautifulhouselitbylightsfrominside,surroundedbythedarknessofnight.畫中有一座美麗的房子，房子里被燈光照亮，外面被夜晚的黑暗包圍?？键c5easen.舒適，悠閑vt.減輕(痛苦、憂慮)withease輕易地；毫不費力地at(one's)ease舒適；無憂無慮ateasewith不拘束，放松easesbof...減輕某人的……1.Ieasedhimofhisdifficultybytellinghimwhattodo.2．Annewasintelligentandcapableofpassingherexamswithease.3．他用一種令人愉快的方式說話，我和他在一起感到很自在。HespokeinsuchapleasantmannerthatI__felt__at__ease__with__him．4．在漫長的一天工作后，我喜歡坐在沙發上，把我的腳放在上面，放松一下。(寫作佳句)Afteralongdayatwork,Iliketositonthecouchandputmyfeetup,justto__be__at__ease.考點6take...forgranted認為……理所當然takeitforgrantedthat...認為……理所當然takesthseriously認真對待某事takeone'stime別著急；慢慢來takeiteasy放輕松；不緊張；從容take...intoconsideration/account把……考慮在內takepridein...以……自豪takechargeof負責，掌管takeadvantageof利用1.AsAdamgrewolder,hebegantotakehisparents'loveandconcernforgranted,asifitwerepermissionforhimtodowhateverhewanted.2．TheFrenchtaketheir35-hourworkweekseriously(serious)．3．我有能力負責下周日舉行的剪紙展覽。Ihavetheabilitytotake__charge__of__the__papercutting__exhibitiontobeheldnextSunday.4．如果我的建議能得到考慮，我將不勝感激。(寫作佳句)Iwouldappreciateitif__my__suggestion__could__be__taken__into__consideration/account.考點7復合賓語的用法有些及物動詞接一個賓語后句子意思仍不完整，需要在賓語后面加一個名詞、形容詞、不定式、分詞或介詞短語等作賓語補足語，構成復合賓語，補充說明賓語的特征、狀態、動作或身份。符合此用法的常見動詞有：make,leave,have,find,get,call,see,watch,hear,keep,help等。常見的復合賓語結構如下：主語＋謂語＋賓語＋賓語補足語(名詞)主語＋謂語＋賓語＋賓語補足語(形容詞/副詞/介詞短語)主語＋謂語＋賓語＋賓語補足語(分詞)主語＋謂語＋賓語＋賓語補足語(省略to的動詞不定式。變為被動語態時，to不可省略)主語＋謂語＋it＋賓語補足語(形容詞/名詞)＋從句/不定式/-ing形式(此種結構中it為形式賓語，真正的賓語放在賓語補足語后。這類動詞有feel,consider,believe,make,think等)1．Anychildcaughtmisbehavingwasmadeto__stand(stand)atthefrontoftheclass.2．Iturnedaroundtoseethesamehummingbirdhovering(hover)intheair.3．(2024·全國甲卷)一頓健康的早餐可以啟動你的新陳代謝，而吃少量健康的食物可以讓你一整天都精力充沛。(寫作佳句)Ahealthybreakfastcanstartyourmetabolism,whileeatingsmall,healthymealskeeps__your__energy__up__all__day．4．我認為和他爭吵這件事是沒有用的。I__consider__it__no__usequarrelingwithhimaboutit.考點8狀語從句的省略在時間、條件、讓步、方式和比較狀語從句中，當從句的主語與主句的主語一致或從句的主語為it，且從句的謂語動詞中含有be動詞的某種形式時，可將從句的主語和be動詞一起省略。狀語從句省略后的呈現形式：連詞＋名詞/形容詞/介詞短語/現在分詞/過去分詞/不定式。1.Thoughlacking(lack)money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.2．Itswallswerefreshasifpainted(paint)yesterday.3．Youshouldstaywhereyouareunlessasked(ask)toleave.4．這座博物館建成后，將于明年向公眾開放。When__completed,__themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.【人教版必修第二冊寫作佳句】Notonlyhadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuturethatdidnotrunovertherelicsofthepast,buttheyhadalsolearntthatitwaspossibleforcountriestoworktogethertobuildabettertomorrow.這些國家不僅找到了一條不以犧牲古跡為代價的未來發展之路，而且明白了多個國家合作創造美好未來的可能性。強化訓練一、單句語法填空1．Proverbs,sometimescalledsayings,areexamplesoffolkwisdom(wise)．2．Whenchoosingamajor,studentsareeasilysusceptibletoemployment(employ)andignoretheirowninterests.3．Ashehasnoopportunitytoachievehisambition,heintendstoresignfromthecompany.4．WhenIcamein,IfoundMikeseated(seat)atthebackoftheclassroom.5．Aftercarefulconsideration,hechosetowithdrawfromthecompetition.6．Whileworking(work)intheburningsun,Irealizeditwaswrongofustowastefoodinourdailylife.7．Inourdailylife,trustweavesthestrongestbonds,whilemisunderstandingcanbreakthemwithease.8．Theonlywaytosucceedistotakeiteasystepbystep,sodon'tbesonervous.9．Themeaningliesinadvocatingenvironmentalprotectiontopurify(pure)thelivingenvironment.10．Physicalactivityisassociatedwithalowerriskofdepressive(depress)symptoms.二、熟詞生義1．Herhairwastiedbackinaneatbow.蝴蝶結2．ThisstudyshowsthatpeoplewhospendtoomuchtimeontheInternettendtowithdrawfromthepeopleandtheworldroundthem.不與人交往3．Heeasedhimselfalongtheledgetoreachtheterrifiedboy.小心翼翼地靠近4．HethreatenedtobatmewithhisumbrellaifIdidn'tmoveoutoftheway.揮打三、構詞法詞綴含義例詞-ian表示某一類或某一職業的人physician,__comedian,musician,historian,guardian,electrician,politician,technician寫出下列黑體詞的含義1．(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷)Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.監護人2．(2023·全國乙卷)TanYunxian(1461－1554)wasaChinesephysicianwholearnedherskillsfromhergrandparents.醫生3．Nowasajudgeofthecompetition,Icanseeclearlythehugechallengesfacingthemusiciansinthecompetition.音樂家4．PopularinChinaisthecrosstalkshow,whereapairofcomediansmaketheaudiencelaughwithwordplay.喜劇演員5．Politiciansshouldnotbemoreconcernedwithpowerandcontrolthanwiththegoodofthepeople.政治家6．Heputhimselfthroughnightschooltobecomeanengineer,butthatwasonlyafterheworkedasanelectricianandamechanic.電工四、補全句子1．我們一直在尋找目前問題的解決辦法。Wehavebeenseeking__for__solutions__to__the__current__problems．2．他的態度那樣爽朗，簡立刻覺得和他在一起毫無拘束。HismannerwassobrightthatJanefelt__at__ease__with__him__at__once．3．你需要在必要的時候做一些改進。Youneedtomakesomeimprovementswhen__necessary.4．下午兩點左右傳來會議延期的通知。Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoonthat__the__meeting__would__be__postponed．5．我們將把有關此事的情況隨時告訴你。We'llkeep__you__informedofthematter.6．人們常常認為家人和朋友會一直在他們身邊是理所當然的，卻忘記了表達對他們支持的感激和謝意。People__often__take__it__for__granted__thattheirfamilyandfriendswillalwaysbethereforthem,forgettingtoexpressgratitudeandappreciationfortheirsupport.五、長難句分析(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷)However,psychologistshavedemonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories,theyremembermoreofthecontentthaniftheylistentoorviewidenticalpieces.句意：然而，心理學家已經證明，當成年人閱讀新聞報道時，他們記住的內容比聽或看相同的新聞報道要多。分析：句子的主干是psychologists__have__demonstrated__that__...。that引導賓語從句；when引導時間狀語從句；if引導條件狀語從句。讀寫用—素養提升一、深化閱讀——明晰考向以閱讀養閱讀(2022·全國乙卷)Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplayinggamesofhideandseek.Forthem,there'ssomethinghighlyexcitingabout__41__someoneelse'sglanceandmakingoneselfunabletobeseen.However,weallwitnessthatpreschoolchildrenareremarkably__42__athiding.Theyoftencoveronlytheireyeswiththeirhands,leavingtherestoftheirbodies__43__．Foralongtime,thisineffectivehidingmethodwas__44__asevidencethatchildrenarehopelessly“egocentric”(自我中心的)creatures.Butour__45__researchresultsinchilddevelopmentalpsychology__46__thatidea.Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2－4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.Each__47__satdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesor__48__.Wethenaskedthechildifshecould__49__orheartheadult.Surprisingly,childrenrepliedthattheycouldn't.Thesame__50__happenedwhentheadultcoveredherownmouth:__51__childrensaidthattheycouldn't__52__toher.Anumberof__53__ruledoutthatthechildrenmisunderstoodwhattheywerebeingasked.Theresultswereclear:Ouryoungsubjects__54__thequestionsandknew__55__whatwasaskedofthem.Their__56__tothequestionsreflectedtheirtrue__57__that“Icanseeyouonlyifyoucanseeme,too.”Theysimply__58__mutual(相互的)recognitionandregard.Our__59__suggestwhenachild“hides”byputtingablanketoverherhead,itisnotaresultofegocentrism.Infact,childrenconsiderthismethod__60__whenothersuseit.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。實驗證明孩子們捉迷藏時，只遮住自己的眼睛并不是由于自我中心主義，而是孩子們堅持相互承認和尊重。41．A.following B．taking C．escaping D．directing 答案：C解析：根據上文“Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplayinggamesofhideandseek.”可知，兒童喜歡玩捉迷藏，避開別人的目光。故選C。42．A.clever B．bad C．scared D．quick 答案：B解析：句意：然而，我們都看到學齡前兒童非常不善于隱藏。bebadatsth“不擅長某事”。故選B。43．A.exposed B．examined C．untouched D．imbalanced 答案：A解析：此處指兒童通常只用手遮住眼睛，沒有遮住其余的部位，即暴露在外面。exposed無遮蔽的；examined已檢查過的；untouched未受影響的；imbalanced失衡的。故選A。44．A.supported B．guaranteed C．imagined D．interpreted 答案：D解析：support支持；guarantee保證；imagine想象；interpret解釋。根據下文“asevidencethatchildrenarehopelessly‘egocentric’(自我中心的)creatures”可知，此處表示這種無效的隱藏方法被解釋為兒童是以自我為中心的證據。故選D。45．A.disappointing B．mixed C．surprising D．desired 答案：C解析：disappointing令人失望的；mixed混合的；surprising令人驚訝的；desired渴望的。根據下文“researchresultsinchilddevelopmentalpsychology__46__thatidea”和“itisnotaresultofegocentrism”可知，研究結果與之前的觀點相矛盾，所以研究結果是令人驚訝的。故選C。46．A.explained B．confirmed C．contradicted D．tested 答案：C解析：句意：但我們在兒童發展心理學方面令人驚訝的研究結果與這一觀點相矛盾。explain解釋；confirm證實；contradict與……矛盾；test測試。故選C。47．A.parent B．childC．researcher D．doctor答案：B解析：根據上文“Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2－4”可知，此處表示跟成年人坐在一起的是受邀參加實驗的兒童。故選B。48．A.feet B．noseC．hands D．ears答案：D解析：根據下文“orheartheadult”可知，此處表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。故選D。49．A.see B．helpC．reach D．fool答案：A解析：句意：然后我們問該兒童是否能看到成年人或聽到成年人的聲音。故選A。50．A.event B．thingC．action D．accident答案：B解析：根據下文“childrensaidthattheycouldn't__52__toher”可知，此處表示同樣的事情發生了，孩子們表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人說話了。故選B。51．A.Yet B．Now C．Soon D．Once 答案：B解析：句意：當成年人捂住她自己的嘴時，同樣的事情發生了：此刻孩子們說他們不能和她說話。故選B。52．A.speak B．listen C．turn D．wave 答案：A解析：根據上文“whentheadultcoveredherownmouth”可知，此處表示孩子們說他們不能和成年人說話了。故選A。53．A.instructions B．descriptions C．experiments D．assumptions 答案：C解析：instruction命令；description說明；experiment實驗；assumption假設。根據上文“researchresultsinchilddevelopmentalpsychology”可知，此處表示許多實驗排除了孩子們會誤解問題這一可能性。故選C。54．A.comprehended B．predictedC．explored D．ignored答案：A解析：comprehend理解；predict預測；explore探索；ignore忽略。根據下文“thequestionsandknew__55__whatwasaskedofthem”可知，兒童理解了問題。故選A。55．A.partly B．honestlyC．vaguely D．exactly答案：D解析：句意：結果很清楚：我們的年輕受試者理解了這些問題，并且確切地知道他們被問到了什么。partly部分地；honestly誠實地；vaguely含糊地；exactly確切地。故選D。56．A.responses B．approachesC．contribution D．sensitivity答案：A解析：本題屬于詞語同現。最有可能與“questions”同現的詞語應當是“responses(回答)”，此處表示孩子們對于問題的“回答”。故選A。57．A.ability B．beliefC．identity D．purpose答案：B解析：句意：他們對這些問題的回答反映了他們真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我的時候，我才能看到你?！盿bility能力；belief看法；identity身份；purpose目的。故選B。58．A.holdback B．relateto C．insiston D．makeup 答案：C解析：句意：他們只是堅持相互承認和尊重。holdback阻止；relateto與……有關；insiston堅持；makeup彌補。故選C。59．A.limitations B．requirements C．theories D．findings 答案：D解析：句意：我們的研究結果表明，當孩子在頭上蓋一條毯子“隱藏”起來時，這并不是自我中心主義的結果。limitation限制；requirement必要條件；theory理論；finding發現。故選D。60．A.tentative B．impressive C．creative D．effective 答案：D解析：tentative試探性的；impressive令人印象深刻的；creative創造性的；effective有效的。根據上文“Theysimply__58__mutual(相互的)recognitionandregard.”可知，孩子們堅持相互承認和尊重，所以當其他人使用這種方法時，孩子會認為它是有效的。故選D。根據詞語同現確定答案1．某些語義相關聯的詞語在語篇中有同時出現的傾向性，叫詞語同現。也有人將相關聯的一群詞稱之為“詞場”。2．同現詞之間有反義或相對關系，或者同類互補關系等。如ill,hospital,doctor,nurse,operation,medicine,patient等一群相互關聯的詞語就有同時出現在一個語篇中的可能性。二、讀后續寫——必備微技能高品素材主題描寫——奇妙經歷1．yellat朝……大喊2.withanangryroar怒吼一聲3．cryforhelpdesperately絕望地大聲呼救4.thesmogspreadseverywhere煙霧到處彌漫5．drownsbout淹沒某人6.becompletelynumb完全麻木7．theheavybreathing沉重的呼吸聲8.thefootstepshittingtheroad走在路上的腳步聲9．scanthesurroundings掃視四周10.musclescoillikesprings肌肉像彈簧一樣緊繃11．bedrownedinthedarkness淹沒在黑暗中12.seenothingbutforest除了森林什么也看不到13．themoonishanginglow月亮低垂14．berewardedwithabreathtakingview欣賞到令人嘆為觀止的景色15．addaspecialtastetotheadventurousvacation給冒險之旅增添一抹獨特風味16．fillsbwithexcitement讓某人興奮不已17．havedifficultycontainingone'sexcitement難以抑制心中的興奮18．sweetmemoriesofthepastcrowdinonsb過去美好的記憶涌上心頭高效課時作業Ⅰ.閱讀A(2025·廣東廣雅中學花都校區高三月考)PacificScienceCenterfieldtripshavegonevirtual!BringthefunandexcitementofaPacScifieldtriptoyourstudentswhileengagingthemwithenrichingcontentdesignedtoenhanceyourcurriculum(課程)andarousetheircuriosity.PacSci'seducatorsjoinyourclassroomlivefromourCuriosityStudio,andleadstudentsthroughlivesessionsfeaturingsomeofyourfavoriteSTEAMactivities.Eachprogramis40minuteslong.Wemaybeabletoaccommodateshorterorlongerprogramstofityourneeds!AVAILABLEPROGRAMSPieceofMindCost:$300MaximumNumberofParticipants:40BestforGrades:6－10Description:Beinspiredbythepowerofthebrainasstudentslearnhowitcontrolsmemory,movement,andsight.Discoverhowthebrainfunctionsthroughliveactivitiesandfunpuzzles,andseearealhumanbrainsample!SticktheLandingCost:$500(includes3sessions)MaximumNumberofParticipants:30BestforGrades:9－12Description:Overthecourseof3sessions,usethestepsoftheengineeringdesignprocesstobuildamodelofaMarslander.DiveintopastandfuturemissionstoMarsandcarefullyconsiderthecriteriaandrestrictionsforrealMarsmissions.Learnhowengineersarejustoneofthemanycareersthatcontributetocomplexsolarsystemmissions.NightSkyTonightCostVariesbyGroupSize?1－99participants:$250?100－199participants:$350?200＋participants:$550MaximumNumberofParticipants:UnlimitedBestforGrades:3－12Description:Becomeatruebackyardastronomer.Learnhowlivingonagiantspinningballchangeswhatcanbeseeneachnight.Discoverhowtofindstars,andevenhowtheskycanbeusedtofinddirections!EcosystemInvestigatorsCost:$200MaximumNumberofParticipants:50BestforGrades:3－8Description:Workasateamtocreateavirtualecosystemmodelrevealinghowlivingandnon-livingpartsconnectandinteractinanaquatic(水生的)environment.Usingnewknowledgeaboutecosysteminteractions,becomeawetlandscientistandexploretherelationshipbetweenorganismsinarealpondsample.Formoredetails,pleasecheckoutourProgramRequirements.篇章導讀：本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹的是太平洋科學中心的課程的一些程序。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutPacificScienceCenterfieldtrips?A．Eachprogramisforonecertaingrade.B．Theexpenseforeachprogramvaries.C．Thelengthforeachprogramisunchangeable.D．Everyprogramhasamaxnumberofparticipants.答案：B解析：細節理解題。根據每一個程序中的“Cost”部分所列出的價格可知，這些程序的費用各不相同。故選B。2．Cooperationisneededintheprogram________．A．PieceofMindB．SticktheLandingC．NightSkyTonightD．EcosystemInvestigators答案：D解析：細節理解題。根據EcosystemInvestigators部分中的“Workasateam...anaquatic(水生的)environment.(作為一個團隊，創建一個虛擬的生態系統模型，揭示生物體和非生物體如何在水生環境中產生連接和相互作用。)”可知，在EcosystemInvestigators中需要合作。故選D。3．Thepassageisintendedfor________．A．tourguides B．researchscientistsC．schoolteachers D．programdesigners答案：C解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“Bringthefun...arousetheircuriosity.(為您的學生帶來PacSci實地考察的樂趣和興奮，同時為他們提供豐富的課程內容，以增強您的課程并激發他們的好奇心。)”可推知，本文是寫給學校的老師的。故選C。B(2025·廣東省普寧市第一中學高三月考)It'seasynottothinkmuchabouttheintelligenceofinsects.Smallcreatureswithevensmallerbrains—howsmartcantheybe?Butasresearchersbegintorethinkhowanimalsthink,eveninsectsarebeingseeninanewlight.NowanewstudyfromtheUniversityofBristolfindsthatHeliconiusbutterflies(蝴蝶)havetheabilitytolearnaboutspace.Totestthebutterflies'spatiallearningabilities,theresearcherssetupexperimentsacrossthreedifferentspatiallevels,eachreflectingbehaviorssignificanttotheirnaturalenvironment.First,theycheckedifthebutterfliescouldfindfoodamong16flowersinasmallarea.Next,theyenlargedthespace,seeingifthebutterfliescouldchoosethecorrectsideofalargermaze(迷宮)forfood.Finally,theyusedabigoutdoorcagetoseeifthebutterfliescouldfindtheirwaythroughawideT-mazeforfood.Thebutterfliessucceededinalltests.Thestudy'sseniorauthor,DrStephenMontgomery,notesthatthesefindingsshowthecomplexbehaviorsthatevenfamiliaranimalslikebutterfliesexhibitaspartoftheirnaturalecology(生態).Thesespeciesareprocessingdiverseinformationfromtheirenvironmentandutilizingittoperformcomplextasks—allwithbrainsjustafewmillimeterswide.TheresearchersplantofurtherinvestigateHeliconiusbutterflies'spatiallearningabilitiesbycomparingthemtocloselyrelatedspeciesthatdonotfeedonpollen(花粉).Thiswillhelpshowhowananimal'senvironmentcanaffectthedevelopmentofitsthinkingskills.Co-leadauthorDrPriscilaMourastressesthesignificanceofthesefindings,sayingthattheyprovideactualevidenceofthebutterflies'fascinatingspatiallearningabilities,asubjectthathasbeendiscussedfornearlyacentury.Withthisnewunderstanding,theresearcherscancontinuetoexploreinsectintelligenceandbehavior.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一項關于蝴蝶空間學習能力的研究。4．WhatdidtheUniversityofBristol'sstudyfindaboutHeliconiusbutterflies?A．Theyarecapableofspatiallearning.B．Theyrequireassistanceinfindingfood.C．Theycanflylongdistanceswithoutrest.D．Theyhaveasocialcirclelikeotherinsects.答案：A解析：細節理解題。根據第一段最后一句“Nowanewstudy...learnaboutspace.”可知，研究發現蝴蝶具有空間學習能力。故選A。5．WhatdoesParagraph2mainlyfocuson?A．Theresearchbenefits.B．Theresearchprocess.C．Theresearchpapers.D．Theresearchteam.答案：B解析：段落大意題。根據第二段中的“First,theychecked...T-mazeforfood.(首先，他們檢查蝴蝶是否能在小區域內的16朵花中找到食物。接下來，他們擴大了空間范圍，觀察蝴蝶是否能在更大的迷宮中選擇正確的一側尋找食物。最后，他們用一個大的戶外籠子，看蝴蝶是否能通過一個寬闊的T形迷宮找到食物。)”可知，第二段主要介紹了研究人員如何設置實驗來測試蝴蝶的空間學習能力，所以本段主要專注于研究過程。故選B。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“utilizing”inParagraph3mean?A．Checking. B．Seeking.C．Judging. D．Using.答案：D解析：詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞所在句“Thesespeciesare...afewmillimeterswide.(這些物種正在處理來自環境的各種信息，并utilizing這些信息執行困難的任務——而它們的大腦只有幾毫米寬。)”可知，這些物種先處理來自環境的多樣化信息，接下來應該是“利用”多樣化信息來執行困難的任務。所以utilizing表示“利用”的意思。故選D。7．WhatisDrPriscilaMoura'sattitudetowardthefindings?A．Doubtful. B．Puzzle