Unit4astronaut [??str?n??t] n.宇航員；太空人procedure [pr??si???] n.程序；步驟；手續mental [?m?ntl] adj.精神的，思想的mentallyadv.精神地mentaldevelopment智力發展mentalhealth/problems心理健康/問題physicalandmentalhealth身心健康(1)Thereisnodoubtthattakingexerciseisgoodformentaldevelopment.毫無疑問，鍛煉對智力發展有好處。(2)熬夜對我們的身心健康有不良影響。Stayinguphasabadeffectonourphysicalandmentalhealth.cm abbr.(centimetreorcentimeter)厘米intelligent [?n?t?l???nt] adj.有智慧的，聰明的，有智力的intelligencen．智慧；智力intelligencetest智力測試Astheoldsayinggoes,“Hardworkcanmakeupforlackofintelligence.”俗話說，“勤能補拙。”[融會練通]——單句語法填空(1)Useyourintelligence(intelligent)andyouaresuretoachieveyourgoal.(2)Georgeisorganized,easygoing,hardworking,andintelligent(intelligence)．Inaword,Ican'tthinktoohighlyofhim.(3)Artificialintelligence(intelligent)hasbeenusedinphones,whichmakesthemseemtobeintelligent.rocket [?r?k?t] n.火箭；火箭彈gravity [?gr?v?ti] n.重力；引力frontier [?fr?nt??] n.邊境；國界；邊遠地區vehicle [?vi??kl] n.交通工具；車輛universe [?ju?n?v??s] n.宇宙；天地萬物determined [d??t??m?nd] adj.有決心的；意志堅定的bedeterminedtodosth決心做某事(表示狀態)I'mdeterminedtomovetothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthanthatinthecity.我決心搬到農村，因為那里的空氣比城市的清新得多。Sandrawasdeterminedtobee(bee)adoctorandherpersistencepaidoff.Determined(determine)toperformwellinthefinalexam,I'moccupiedinpreparingforit.determine [d??t??m?n] vt.查明；確定；決定determinetodosth決定做某事WhentheepidemicofCOVID19brokeout,hedeterminedto_bee(bee)avolunteerwhoworkedasagateguardinourmunity.determineon/upon(doing)…決定(做)……We'vedeterminedon/uponstayingathomeduringtheholidays.determinethat…決定……determinationn.決心，決定Thoughheoncefeltlikegivingup，henowhasthedetermination(determine)topushfurtherandkeepongoing.Itishisdetermination(determine)andpatiencethathaveenabledhimtoachievehisgoal.satellite [?s?t?la?t] n.人造衛星；衛星launch [l??n?] n.&vt.發射；發起；上市launchacampaign發起一項運動launchasatellite發射一顆衛星Thegovernmentlaunchedacampaigntoraisepeople'sawarenessofpayingattentiontoourtraditionalcultures.政府發起了一場運動來提高人們關注我們傳統文化的意識。orbit [???b?t] n.(環繞地球、太陽等運行的)軌道；勢力范圍；vi.&vt.沿軌道運行、環繞……運行giant [??a??nt] adj.巨大的；偉大的；n.巨人；巨獸；偉人leap [li?p] n.跳躍；劇增；劇變；vi.&vt.跳過；躍過mankind [m?n?ka?nd] n.人類agency [?e???nsi] n.(政府的)專門機構；服務機構；代理處transmit [tr?nz?m?t] vi.&vt.傳輸；發送data [?de?t?] n.[pl.]資料；數據onboard [?n

b??d] 在宇宙飛船上；在船上；在飛機上aboardprep.&adv.在(船、飛機、火車或公共汽車)上；上(船、飛機、火車等)onboard＝aboard在船上；在飛機上go/getaboard(theship/plane/train)上(船/飛機/火車)AssoonasIwasonboardtheship,Ikilledtimebyreadingnewspapers.我一上船就看報紙來消磨時間。六個月前，她告別了她在中國的家人和朋友，登上了飛往倫敦的飛機。①SixmonthsagoshesaidgoodbyetoherfamilyandfriendsinChinaandwentonboardaplaneforLondon.②SixmonthsagoshesaidgoodbyetoherfamilyandfriendsinChinaandwentaboardaplaneforLondon.spacecraft [?spe?skrɑ?ft] n.航天器；字宙飛船disappointed [?d?s??p??nt?d] adj.失望的；沮喪的disappointingadj.令人失望的Whenhearingthedisappointingnewsthathewasbannedfromdriving,theoldmanwasverydisappointed.(disappoint)bedisappointedtodosth做某事感到失望bedisappointedat/by/withsth因…感到失望bedisappointedthat…Hewasdisappointedtofindhissuggestionturneddown.他失望地發現他的建議被拒絕了。①Peopleweredisappointedat/by/withthenewsthatthesatellitehadbeenlaunchedunsuccessfully.②Afterhisattempt,Campbellwasdisappointedto_learn(learn)thathisaveragespeedhadbeen299milesperhour.③He_was_disappointed_thatotherguestswerenoting.toone'sdisappointment使某人感到失望的是indisappointment＝disappointedly失望地disappointvt.使失望Disappointed(disappoint)atfailinginthemathexam,Johnwouldn'tliketotalkaboutittohisparents.[習作練筆]——一句多譯令我非常失望的是，只有百分之十的學生為了獲取知識和提高寫作能力而在空閑時間選擇閱讀。①Tomygreatdisappointment,only10%ofthestudentschoosetoreadintheirsparetimeinordertoacquireknowledgeandimprovewritingability.②Iwasverydisappointedthatonly10%ofthestudentschoosetoreadintheirsparetimeinordertoacquireknowledgeandimprovewritingability.③Whatdisappointedmemost/Whatmadememostdisappointedwasthatonly10%ofthestudentschoosetoreadintheirsparetimeinordertoacquireknowledgeandimprovewritingability..(what引導的主語從句)desire [d??za??] n.渴望；欲望；vt.渴望；期望①haveadesireforsth想得到某物haveadesiretodosth想要做某事haveadesirethat…(should)do想要……做某事名詞desire前可以加入strong或burning的修飾成分，表示程度。Shehasnodesireforthelifeinthecitybecauseshecan'tadapttothefastpaceofthelifethere.②desiretodosth.渴望做某事desiresb.todosth.渴望某人做某事desirethat…(should)do…渴望……(應該)做……動詞desire后跟that從句中的謂語動詞常使用“(should)do...”的形式。Learningthatyoudesiretolearntaichi,Iamdelightedtoinviteyoutojoininouronlinetaichicourse.得知你想學習太極，我很高興邀請你參加我們的網絡太極課程。Wedesirethatimmediatehelp(should)begiven(give)tothelocalvillagerswhohavebeentrappedbytheflood.①Theboyhasadesireforasmartphonewithalargeinternalmemory.②Manyanexchangestudenthasadesireto_learn(learn)Chineseculture.③Hismotherdesiredhimto_bee(bee)anarchitectafterhegrewup.④Theydesireto_help(help)thosewhoareinneedofhelp.每個人都渴望成功，而成功只屬于努力的人。①Everyonehasadesireforsuccesswhilesuccessonlybelongstothehardworkingpeople.(desiren．)②Everyonedesirestosucceedwhilesuccessonlybelongstothehardworkingpeople.(desirev．)carryon [?k?ri

?n] 繼續做，堅持干Wecarryondoingalotofexercisesafterfinishingthehomework.完成家庭作業后我們繼續做大量的練習。Ifyoucontinueworkinglikethat,youwillbreakdownsoonerorlater.(升級加黑詞匯)carryoncarryonwith(doing)sth繼續(做)某事(相當于goon)HavingreadstoriesofLinQiaozhi,thegirlwaseq\a\vs4\al(determined)tocarryonwithhergoodwork.carryout執行；實施Firstofall,themostimportantthingistosetagoal,workoutaplanandcarryoutyourplanstepbystep.ongoing [????g????] adj.持續存在的；仍在運行的；不斷發展的independently [??nd??p?nd?ntli] adv.獨立地；自立地independent [??nd??p?nd?nt] adj.獨立的；自立的spacewalk [?spe?sw??k] n.太空行走；太空行走的時間jade [?e?d] n.玉；翡翠；玉器dock [d?k] vi.&vt.(兩架航天器)對接；(使)……進港；n.碼頭；船塢signal [?s?gnl] vi.&vt.標志著；標明；發信號；n.信號；標志TheLanternFestivalfallsonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth,signalingtheendoftheSpringFestivalcelebrations.正月十五是元宵節，標志著春節慶祝活動的結束。①signal(to)sbtodosth示意某人做某事Thepolicemansignalledthedrivertostop(stop)hiscarbyraisinghishand.signal(sb)that…示意(某人)……Shesignalled(signal)thatshewasabouttoturnleft.②trafficsignals交通信號燈sendoutasignal發出信號Thebird'ssingingservedasasignalofthearrivalofspring.鳥兒的歌聲是春天到來的信號。inthehopeofdoing... 抱著……的希望Shewenttotheinterviewinthehopeofgettingajob.她去參加面試，希望能找到一份工作。①beyondhope毫無希望inthehopethat…希望……②hopetodosth希望做某事hopethat…希望……[習作練筆]——一句多譯我寫這封信，希望說服你不要再沉迷于線上游戲。①Iamwritingtheletterinthehopeofarguingyououtofbeingaddictedtoonlinegames.②IamwritingtheletterinthehopethatIcanargueyououtofbeingaddictedtoonlinegames.soastodo... 為了；以便①inorderto“為了……”，既可以置于句首，又可置于句中；②soasto“為了……”，只可置于句中，不可置于句首；③inorderthat“為了……”，引導目的狀語從句，從句中的謂語動詞前常帶may,might,can,could等情態動詞。Werushedthroughthelastfewdesigndrawingssoastogohomeearly.我們趕緊把最后幾份設計圖紙完成以便早點回家。[習作練筆]——一句多譯為了豐富我們的校園生活，我們學校于上周日組織了一次5千米的越野跑比賽。①Inordertoenrichourcampuslife,ourschoolorganizeda5kmcrosscountryrunningracelastSunday.②Ourschoolorganizeda5kmcrosscountryrunningracelastSundayinorderto/soastoenrichourcampuslife.③Ourschoolorganizeda5kmcrosscountryrunningracelastSundaysothat/inorderthatwecouldenrichourcampuslife.recycle [?ri??sa?kl] vt.回收利用；再利用muscle [?m?sl] n.肌肉；實力；影響力lack [l?k] n.缺乏；短缺；vt.沒有；缺乏Theylackphysicalexerciseandtheskilltomunicatewiththeirfriendsfacetoface.他們缺乏體能鍛煉和面對面與朋友交際的能力。Thoughlacking(lack)money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtoauniversity.forlackof由于缺乏……(a)lackof缺少……Moreandmorehighrisebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcitiesforlackofspace.Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.lack作名詞時常與介詞of連用；作動詞時可作及物動詞直接加賓語(不能用于被動語態和進行時)，也可作不及物動詞，后常與介詞for連用。Lackingforsufficientoxygen,theastronautcouldnotcarryonwithhismission.②lackingadj.短缺的；缺乏的belackinginsth缺少某物由于缺乏烹飪經驗，這對雙胞胎把廚房弄得亂七八糟。①Forlackofcookingexperience,thetwinsmadethekitcheninamess.(lackn．)②Becausetheylackedcookingexperience,thetwinsmadethekitcheninamess.(lackv．)③Becausetheywerelackingincookingexperience,thetwinsmadethekitcheninamess.(lacking)float [fl??t] vi.浮動；漂流；漂浮；vt.使浮動；使漂流otherwise [??e?wa?z] adv.否則；要不然Workhard,otherwise/oryouwillfindithardtoadapttolifeinthefuture.otherwise/or有時表示一種含蓄的虛擬條件，此時其后的句子要用虛擬語氣。Pennilessandstarving,thechildstoodneartheroadandbeggedforameal,otherwisehewouldstarvetodeath.這個孩子身無分文又饑腸轆轆地站在路邊要飯，否則他就會餓死。Wedidn'tknowyouwereintroubleatthattime,otherwisewewouldhavegivenyouahand.我們當時不知道你遇到了困難，要不然我們會幫助你的。beyond [b??j?nd] prep.在更遠處；超出Unfortunately,it'sbeyond(超越)mypowertogetthroughtheworkinsuchashorttime.solar [?s??l?] adj.太陽的；太陽能的solarsystem [?s??l?

?s?st?m] 太陽系；類太陽系current [?k?r?nt] adj.當前的；現在的；n.水流；電流；思潮figureout 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白sufficient [s??f???nt] adj.足夠的；充足的soap [s??p] n.肥皂towel [?ta??l] n.毛巾；抹布microwave [?ma?kr??we?v] n.(alsomicrowaveoven)微波爐tissue [?t??u?] n.紙巾；(人、動值物細胞的)組織facility [f??s?l?ti] n.設施；設備keen [ki?n] adj.熱衷的；渴望的globe [?gl??b] n.地球；世界；地球儀argue [?ɑ?gju?] vt.&vi.論證；爭辯；爭論argument [?ɑ?gj?m?nt] n.爭論；爭吵；論點Sometimeswewillarguewitheachother,butafteralittlewhile,wealwaysregretfortheargument.(argue)arguewithsb(over/aboutsth)(就某事)與某人爭/辯論It'snousearguingwithhimaboutthequestionforhewon'tchangehismind.和他爭論這個問題是沒有用的，因為他不會改變主意。arguefor/againststh據理贊成/反對……Hearguedagainsttheplanwhilehispartnerarguedforit.arguesbintodoingsth說服某人做某事Itisourtasktoarguethemintoleadingalowcarbonlife.arguesboutofdoingsth說服某人不做某事argumentn.爭論；爭辯；爭吵haveanargumentwith 與……爭論/爭吵Afteralongtimeofdiscussiontheyacceptedtheagreementwithoutargument(argue)．①Asourfamilyinedecreased,Fatherarguedagainstanincreaseinourpocketmoney.②It'snousearguingwithhimaboutthequestionforhewon'tchangehisopinion.③Mostofthemembersarguedforhisplan，whichmadehimsatisfied.④Theyarguedhimintowithdrawinghisplaint.⑤Whydidhehaveanargument(argue)withhiswifeyesterday?一句多譯④我們想方設法勸說他接受我們的建議，但都是徒勞的。→Wetriedmanywaystoarguehimintofollowingouradvice,butinvain.(argue)→Wetriedmanywaystopersuadehimtofollowouradvice,butinvain.(persuade)→Wetriedmanywaystotalkhimintofollowingouradvice,butinvain.(talk)[聯想]“說服某人做某事”的其他表達形式①persuadesbtodosth②persuadesbintodoingsth③convincesbtodosth④talksbintodoingsthfatal [?fe?tl] adj.致命的；災難性的shallow [???l??] adj.膚淺的；淺的resultin [r??z?lt

?n] 導致；造成resultin＝leadto＝cause導致resultfrom由……造成Thereisnodoubtthatstayingupismorelikelytoresultinanxiety.毫無疑問，熬夜更容易導致焦慮。①Hisstomachacheresultedfromhiseatingtoomuch.②His_eating_too_much_resulted_in_his_stomachache.[習作練筆]——一句多譯因為有越來越多的污染，很多物種正在滅絕。①Moreandmorepollutionhasresultedinmanyspecies'dyingout.②Thatmanyspeciesaredyingoutresultsfrommoreandmorepollution.對比填空(resultin/resultfrom)①Asisknowntous,positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.②AsfarasI'mconcerned,herfailureinthepetitionresultedfromhiscasualattitude.pattern [?p?t?n] n.模式；模范；圖案analysis [??n?l?s?s] n.(pl.analyses)(對事物的)分析；分析結果asaresult 所以；結果(是)asaresultof作為……的結果；由于……的結果[習作練筆]——一句多譯昨天的比賽因下雨而取消了。①Itrainedyesterday,andasaresult,thematchwascancelled.②Thematchwascancelledasaresultoftherainyesterday.選詞填空(asaresult/asaresultof)③Peoplehavebetteraccesstohealthcarethantheyusedto.As_a_result,_they'relivinglonger.④As_a_result_ofyourcarelessness,theplanshouldbeputoffforatleastonemonth.highend [ha??nd] 高端的monitor [?m?n?t?] n.監視器；監測儀；vt.監視；監測；監控regularly [?r?gj?l?li] adv.經常；定期地regular [?r?gj?l?] adj.定期的；經常的；正常的foam [f??m] n.泡沫橡膠；泡沫pillow [?p?l??] n.枕頭smartphone [?smɑ?tf??n] n.智能手機resource [r??s??s] n.資源；財力；物力limited [?l?m?t?d] adj.有限的Inourdailylife,weshouldmakefulluseofourlimited(limit)naturalresources.Inordertoleaveschoolwithnoregrets,I'llmakethebestofmylimitedtimetogoovermylessons.為了在畢業離校時沒有遺憾，我將充分利用有限的時間復習功課。limitv.&n．限制；限度limit…to…把……限定在……的范圍內Itisrequiredthatyoushouldlimityourarticleto500words.belimitedtosth受限制于某物It'sremendedthatoursleepingtimeshouldbelimitedtoatleast6hoursperday.建議我們的睡眠時間應該被限制在每天至少6個小時。withinthelimitsof在……的范圍內thereisa/nolimitto……是有/無限的Thereisalimittoone'slife,butthereisnolimittolearning(learn)．②limitlessadj.無限的形容詞后綴-less薈萃①limit限制→limitless無限的②aim目標→aimless無目標的③use用處→useless沒用處的④care小心→careless粗心的，不小心的⑤end結尾→endless無止境的⑥count總數→countless數不清的providefor... 提供生活所需Hehadenoughmoneytoprovideforhischildrenbeforetheycouldfindwork.①providesbwithsth＝providesthforsb給某人提供某物②supplysbwithsth＝supplysthtosb給某人提供某物Naturehasprovidedourcountrywithwealthynaturetreasures,makingitahappyhomeforus.我們在這里為公眾提供更好的服務。①Weareheretoprovidethepublicwithabetterservice.②Weareheretoprovideabetterserviceforthepublic.closing [?kl??z??] adj.結尾的；結束的；n.停業；關閉；倒閉inclosing [?n

?kl??z??] 最后mystery [?m?st?ri] n.神秘事物；謎runout 用完；耗盡runoutof用完，用盡(其主語通常為人)Hermoneyhasrunoutandsheisalsorunningoutofeq\a\vs4\al(patience).她的錢花光了，并且她的耐心也要耗盡了。giveout用盡，精疲力竭(不及物動詞短語)useup用完，消耗盡(及物動詞短語)(1)runoutof意為“用完了”，是及物動詞短語，表示主動意義，主語一般是人。(2)runout意為“……用完了”，是不及物動詞短語，其主語通常為時間、食物、金錢等名詞。(3)giveout意為“用盡；筋疲力盡”，為不及物動詞短語。(4)useup意為“用完；消耗盡”，為及物動詞短語。①Weranoutoftimebeforetheparty.②Theygaveoutafteralongjourney.③Allthesupplieshadbeenusedupbeforetheygotrescued.④Time_ran_out_before_the_party.[融會練通]——選詞填空(runout/runoutof/useup/giveout)(1)AsfarasIknow,theirsparesupplyoffoodisrunningout.(2)Wewouldhavefinishedthetaskontimeifwehadn'trunoutof/usedupenergy.(3)Hisstrengthgaveout/ranoutafterheranthatlongdistance.[習作練筆]——一句多譯(4)關愛環境對我們來說很重要，因為地球的自然資源將會枯竭。①ItisveryimportantforustocarefortheenvironmentbecausetheEarth'snaturalresourceswillrunout/beusedup.②Itisveryimportantforustocarefortheenvironmentbecausewewillrunoutof/useuptheEarth'snaturalresources.attach [??t??] vt.系；綁；貼①attachgreatimportancetosth認為某事有重要意義attachimportance/significance/valuetosth.認為……有重要性/意義/價值Generallyspeaking,parent