第第頁浙江省寧波市重點中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題一、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀理解ExploringItaly'sTimelessTreasuresItaly,acountrysteepedinhistoryandbeauty,ishometonumerousiconiclandmarksthatattractmillionsofvisitorseachyear.Let'sstartourjourneytodiscoveritsmostrenownedattractions.TheLeaningTowerofPisaConstructedasabelltowerinthe12thcentury,itgraduallyleanedduetounstableground.Thesightofvisitorsposingto＂holdup＂thetowerhasbecomeaniconicimage,whileclimbingitswindingstairsoffersbreathtakingviewsofthesurroundingPiazzadeiMiracoli.PompeiiBuriedundervolcanicashforcenturies,theancientcityofPompeiiisanextraordinaryarchaeological（考古的）site.ExploringitsremarkablypreservedruinsoffersaglimpseintodailylifeduringRomantimes,makingitanincrediblehistoricaldestination.TheAmalfiCoastTheAmalfiCoast,aUNESCOWorldHeritagesite,attractsthetouristswithitsvibrantandsoft-tonedCliffside（懸崖邊的）villages,suchasPositanoandRavello.Visitorscantastetheregion'sdeliciouscuisine,strollalongscenicpaths,andenjoythecrystal-clearwatersoftheMediterranean.TheColosseumRome'smostfamouslandmark,theColosseum,isanancientstadiumthatwasonceusedforexcitingfightsandshows.Asyoustepinside,imaginethecheersoftheRomancrowdsandmarvelattheengineeringmarvelsofthetime.Joinusonthisextraordinaryadventure,whereItaly'srichheritagecomesaliveandcreatesmemoriesthatwilllastalifetime.Don'tmissoutonthisincredibleopportunitytowitnessthesplendoroftheselegendarysitesfirsthand.BookyourtickettodayandletthewondersofItalycharmyoursenses！1．Wherecantouristsseewell-preservedcityruins?A．TheLeaningTowerofPisa. B．Pompeii.C．TheAmalfiCoast. D．TheColosseum.2．WhatisthefeatureoftheColosseum?A．Itwasafamousbelltower.B．Itisknownforitsleaningangle.C．Ithaswatersasclearascrystal.D．Itwasthestageforthrillingbattles.3．Whereisthispassagemostlikelytakenfrom?A．Asocialmediacomment. B．Atravelbrochure.C．Ahistoricalbook. D．Anacademicpaper閱讀理解MyhighschoolEnglishteacherusedtotellusstufflike,"Learningaforeignlanguagecanchangeyouforever."Despitebeinganobviousattempttomake.uspassionateabouthersubject,itreallyistruethatlearninganewlanguagecanchangeyourpersonality.Later,ImovedfromItalytoEngland.Here,Istartedspeakingandwriting10timesmoreEnglishthanIhadeverdonebefore.ThemoreIspoke,themoremyteacher'sprophecywasfulfilled.Iwasn'tonlychanging;myItalian-speakingselfandmyEnglish-speakingselfhadbecometwoverydifferentindividuals.Bloggingiswherethesignsofthiseffectfirstshowed.EverytimeIwritesomethinginItalian,mymothertongue,itleadsmetoprofoundthoughts.WhenIrereadmyoldposts,Icanimaginemyselfdrinkingdeliciouswineandlipschanting"IDreamedaDream"fromLesMisérables（悲慘世界）.WheneverIbloginEnglish,ontheotherhand,it'sadifferentstory.Ifeellikemymindisexperiencingwildadventuresorslidingdownrainbows.Thispersonalitydividealsostartedtoshowindifferentsocialsituations.AtItalian-speakingparties,I'mdressedinthenormalblacksuitsoIcanmixupwithotherguests,carefulnottomakeeyecontactwithstrangers.Surprisingly,Idon'thavethisproblematEnglish-speakingparties.It'sjustthatIfeelmorefree,morefunnywheneverIspeakEnglish.Later,IcameacrossaninterestingarticlefromtheNewRepublic.Overthepastseveraldecades,scientistshavestudiedwhetherspeakingdifferentlanguagesmakesusanydifferent.Alltheirfindingsseemtosuggestthat-indeed,bilingualortrilingualpeople'spersonalitiesslightlydifferdependingonwhichlanguagetheyareusing.Butit'snotthetermsweknow（ordon'tknow）thatshapeourpersonalities.MaybewecanhavethewholeOxfordDictionaryinourbrain,butit.isn'tuntilwepourallthatintotheearofsomeonewho'swillingtolisten,reactandrespond,thatlanguagereallyhasanimpactonwhoweare.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prophecy"inParagraph2probablymean?A．Impact. B．Warning. C．Prediction. D．Requirement5．HowdoestheauthorfeelwhenblogginginItalian?A．Theauthorfeelsiteasytoaccessdeepthoughts.B．Theauthorfeelsasenseofwildadventure.C．Theauthorfeelstrappedinoldmemories.D．Theauthorfeelsawaveofprofoundsadness.6．WhatcanwelearnfromthearticlefromtheNewRepublic?A．Themethodofmasteringvariouslanguages.B．Theweaknessesofmultilinguals'personalities.C．Theimpactofdifferentlanguagesonpersonalities.D．Uniquehabitsofbilingualortrilingualpeople.7．Whatplaysadecisiveroleinshapingourpersonalitieswhenusinglanguages?A．Successfulconversations. B．Awidevocabulary.C．Knowledgeofdifficultterms. D．Atalentforlanguages.閱讀理解Whenyouwalkthroughaneighborhood,whatdoyousee?IntheUnitedStates,itwilllikelybeafewtreesandbushesamonglargeareasofgrassylawns（草坪）.Thesebiggreencarpetsmightlookpretty.Butaplainexpanseofgrassisanecologicalwasteland.It'sfilledwithjustonetypeofplant—aspeciesthatdoesn'tsupportinsects,birdsorotherwildlifethewayanaturalecosystemwould.LawnsstartedinEnglandbackaroundtheMiddleAges.Atthattime,mostpeoplehadtogrowtheirownfood.Abigexpanseofgrasswouldserveasadisplayofwealth;thesepeoplecouldaffordtohavelandwithoutcrops.ThegrassesplantedbackthenwerenativetoEngland.Theygrewwellwiththatnation'ssoils,amplerainsandcooltemperatures.Thosesamegrassesnowcoverlawnsacrosstheworld,fromEuropeandtheUnitedStatestoAustralia.AlthoughtheydidwellinEngland,they'renotaswelladaptedtoplaceswithdifferentclimatesandlevelsofsoilnutrients.Thatmeansitcantakealotofworktomaintaintheseyards.Peopletendtoaddfertilizerstokeeptheirlawnsgreen.Theywaterregularly,becausethesegrassspeciescan'thandlehotsummersorplaceswithlittlerain.Peoplemayevenusechemicalstokeepoutweedsandpests.Allthoseactivitiesuseuporpollutemuch-neededfreshwater.Bothareproblems,especiallyinthefaceofongoingdrought.Pesticidesandfertilizerswashedawaybyrainorwateringcanalsoharmtheecosystemsinstreams.That'swhyagrowingnumberofpeoplearerethinkinglawns.Whatdoesthatmean?Allowingagreatervarietyofplantsandanimalstothriveinthesespacescouldsavewater,expertssay.Itcouldalsoreducechemicalpollution.Yardsplantedwithmorediversespeciescouldmakeforhealthierecosystemswithmorepollinationandpestcontrol.Intheend,suchchangesshouldbenefitpeopleandwildlifealike.8．Whydoestheauthormentionlargegrassylawnsinparagraph1?A．Todescribetheirpopularity.B．Toexplaintheirwasteofmoney.C．Tointroducetheirgreatbenefits.D．Toshowtheirlackofplantdiversity.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inParagraph4referto?A．Peoplegrowingvariouscropsontheirlawns.B．GrassesnativetoEnglandspreadingworldwide.C．Grasseslackingadaptationtodiverseenvironments.D．Grasslandsbeingkepttoshowwealthandstatus.10．Whatdopeopleusuallydotoattendtotheirlawns?A．Employchemicalstokillharmfulpests.B．Plantdrought-resistantnativegrass.C．Adaptthegrassestodifferentsoils.D．Avoidusingartificialfertilizersonlawns.11．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsmakingyardsdiverse?A．Skeptical. B．Surprised. C．Dismissive. D．Favorable.閱讀理解In1985,theworldwasalertedthatintheatmosphereagiantholewasformingintheEarth'sprotectiveozone（臭氧）layer.Worldleadersswiftlygatheredandtwoyearslater,theUnitedNationsagreedtobanthechemicalsresponsibleforwearingawaythelayerthatprotectsEarthfromthesun'sultraviolet（外線）radiation.KnownastheMontrealProtocol（議定書）,itwasawinfortheozonelayer.Butunknowntotheworldatthetime,itwasalsoabouttopreventaclimatedisaster.Asnewresearchshows,thechemicals,knownastheODSs,arealsoresponsibleforcausing30percentofthetemperatureincreasewesawgloballyfrom1955to2005.TheMontrealProtocolregulatesnearly100ozone-eatingchemicals,whichpopularizedinthe1930sformassuseinrefrigerators.Theytendtoaccumulateintheatmosphereanddriftwhereverthewindtakesthem.Oncetheyreachthestratosphere（平流層）,theybegintobreakdown.They're"shatteredbyphotons（光子）,"explainsDennisHartmann,aclimatescientist.Thatiswhatcausestheholeintheozonelayer.Inthetroposphere（對流層）-whichfewerphotonsreach-theODSsthenserveaslong-lastinggreenhousegases:Backin1987,scientistsknewODSstrappedsomesolarradiation,butonlyrecentlyhavescientistsbeenputtingtogethertheevidencethatODSsareactuallyoneofthemostdamagingwarmingfactorsofthepasthalfcentury.BybanningtheODSs,theMontrealProtocolunintentionallypreventedI℃ofwarmingby2050.WiththeMontrealProtocol,worldleaderscametogetheraroundanurgentcause.Intheprocess,weaccidentallyremovedthesecond-largestforcerofglobalwarming."Theunplannedbenefitsfortheglobalclimate",saysSusannTegtmeier,anatmosphericscientist,"canbeconsideredaverywelcomeandverypositivesideeffect."Whileit'stakenalotmoretalkstobeginremovingthemaindriverofclimatechange—carbondioxide-theMontrealProtocolprovesthepowerofgroupactionandshowshowtacklingenvironmentalmiserytogethercanhelpusinwayswedidn'texpect.12．WhatwasthemainpurposeoftheMontrealProtocol?A．Toensureyearlygatheringsofworldleaders.B．Topreventglobaltemperaturesfromrising.C．Tobanchemicalsthatdamagetheozonelayer.D．Tostopthemassproductionofrefrigerators.13．WhicheffectmighttheODSshaveontheEarth?A．Stoppingglobaltemperaturerise.B．Protectingtheozonelayer.C．Reducinggreenhousegases.D．MakingtheEarthmuchwarmer.14．Fromthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthormayagreethatA．talksareaninefficientwaytodealwithclimatechangeB．internationalcooperationisvitalinremovingcarbondioxideC．environmentaldisastersaresometimesquiteunexpectedD．groupactionscan'tavoidcausingnegativesideeffects15．Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthearticle?A．HiddenBenefit:TheMontrealProtocolCoolingEarthB．MagicChemicals:theODSsWinningHugePopularityC．OzoneCrisis:ChemicalsWearingAwaytheLayerD．ClimbingHeat:TheUNCallingforUrgentTalks二、任務(wù)型閱讀（共5小題；每小題2分,滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Stayingalonecanbebothachallengingandrewardingexperience.Itoffersauniqueopportunityforself-reflection,personalgrowth,andindependence.Whenwearealone,wecanconnectwithourinnerselvesanddiscoverourstrengthsandweaknesses.Inthequietnessofbeingalone,wecanescapethenoiseanddistractionsoftheoutsideworld.Itallowsustoslowdown,bepresent,andappreciatethesimplemomentsinlife.16．Forexample,wecanreadabook,listentomusic,orpursueahobby.Withoutthepressuresofsocialinteractions,wecanfocusonourownthoughtsandfeelings,gainingadeeperunderstandingofourselves.Beingalonealsoencouragesindependenceandproblem-solvingskills.17．Itteachesusadaptabilityaswegothroughchallengesanduncertainties.Webecomemoreself-dependentandcapableofhandlingvarioussituationsonourown.18．Takingtimeawayfromtheconstantdemandsofothersallowsustofocusonourownneedsandrefuelourenergyreserves.It'simportanttorecognizethattakingtimeforourselvesisnotselfish,butratheranecessarypartofself-care.Byrechargingourbatteries,weultimatelybecomemoreproductiveandfulfilledinourpersonalandprofessionallives.19．Whilestayingalonecanbebeneficial,humansaresocialbeingsbynature.Wedesirecompanionship,support,andsharedexperiences.Itisimportanttoreachouttolovedones,buildmeaningfulrelationships,andengageinsocialactivitiesthatbringushappinessandfulfillment.Inconclusion,stayingalonecanbeatransformativeexperience.20．Embracingthestateofbeingalonecanleadtopersonalgrowth,innerpeace,andadeeperunderstandingofourselves.So,letusnotfearbeingalonebutembraceitasanopportunityforself-reflectionandself-empowerment.A.Beingalonecanincreaseyoursenseofconnectiontootherpeople.B.Infact,therearemanydisadvantagestobeingalone.C.Wecantakethetimetoengageinactivitiesthatbringusjoy.D.Whenthereisnooneelsearoundtorelyon,welearntomakedecisionsindependently.E.Itenablesself-entertainment,independence,andrefreshmentinourowncompany.F.However,itisessentialtostrikeabalancebetweenstayingaloneandsocialconnection.G.Moreover,stayingaloneallowsustorechargeandrefresh.三、完形填空（共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。TheQueen'sGambitisaTVseriesaboutachessgeniusinspiredbyadoorkeeper.Now,a（n）21．versionofTheQueen'sGambitisplayingoutataschoolinMaine.DavidBishop22．theschooldayasafull-timedoorkeeper,butafterwork,hegrabshischessboardsandbeginshissecond23．:part-timechesscoach.The61-year-olddoorkeeperhas24．bothelementaryandmiddleschoolteamstostatechampionshiptitlesthisyear.Oneofhisplayers,11-year-oldAveryZhang,25．thestatechampionforgradesK-5thisyear.26．Mr.Bishopenjoyedchessandwasgoodatit,hedidn'tjoinhishighschoolchessclub,27．hewouldbelabelledasanerd（呆子）.Thesedays,thankstothegrowing28．ofchessafterTheQueen'sGambit,thosestereotypes（刻板印象）nolongerapply.ButunliketheTVseries'doorkeeper,Bishopis29．notjustonegirlbutdozensofkidsofallskilllevelsandbackgrounds.Hisoneworryisthattherearen'tasmanygirls30．chess.There'sonlyonefemaleonhismiddleschoolchampionteamrightnow.He'shopingto31．thatsituationbygettingkidsintothe32．a(chǎn)tearlierages.Bishopalsoemphasizestohisyoungplayersthatchessisabout33．winning."Itellmykidsthatchess34．yourlife,"hetoldtheDailyNews."Whetherinlifeorinchess,ifyouworkhard^ifyou'renotdiscouragedbyfailure,youwillbe35．."21．A．a(chǎn)ll-out B．real-life C．high-quality D．long-lasting22．A．plans B．needs C．views D．spends23．A．chance B．victory C．role D．skill24．A．invited B．coached C．a(chǎn)ssigned D．exposed25．A．became B．contacted C．witnessed D．found26．A．Because B．Unless C．While D．Since27．A．hoping B．proving C．regretting D．worrying28．A．freedom B．a(chǎn)ppeal C．standard D．demand29．A．a(chǎn)ppointing B．informing C．helping D．a(chǎn)dvocating30．A．takingup B．hearingabout C．majoringin D．dealingwith31．A．maintain B．support C．a(chǎn)nalyze D．change32．A．game B．contest C．school D．career33．A．ratherthan B．otherthan C．morethan D．lessthan34．A．controls B．tolerates C．protects D．mirrors35．A．optimistic B．successful C．a(chǎn)mbitious D．professional四、語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheParkHyaltNingbodrewustovisitthiscityinChinathatwemayotherwisehavenotyetdiscovered.WeplannedtobookaFirstClasstickettoNingbobutwhen36．ticketsforthatcabinweresoldout,wechoseBusinessClass.Wehadnoknowledgeabout37．thetraincabinsandseatswouldlooklike,soweweremorethan38．（pleasant）surprisedtoseethatasweboardedthetrain.Inside,thespaciousleatherseats39．（surround）byahardshellwhichgivesasmallfeelingof40．（private）.WeenjoyedtravelingtheCRHinBusinesssomuch41．wedecidedtobookthesameclassticket42．ourtripbacktoShanghaionourreturn.Thistimehoweverwhenweboardedthetraintherewasasmallautomaticdoortoourleftandthecabinhadonly9BusinessClassseats.This43．（small）cabinfeltmuchmoreprivate.Theridewassmoothandpeaceful.Therewasalsoatrainattendant44．camearoundwithwater,juiceandalightsnack.Itwasgreattohavesomuchspaceforourluggageaswell.Thisisoneofthosecaseswhereitreallymadesenseforustospendalittlebitmoreforafarbetterexperience.Ifwefindourselves45．（board）aCRHtrainagaininthefuture,IwouldchoosetheBusinessClassticketagain.五、寫作（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）46．假定你是李華,你的英國朋友Chris正在學(xué)習(xí)漢語,請你給他寫一封電子郵件推薦英語短視頻系列ChineseIdiomStories（中華成語故事）,內(nèi)容包括：

1.寫信目的：

2.推薦理由：

3.期待觀后交流。參考詞匯：短視頻shortvideo注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearChris,……Yours,LiHua47．閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Istartedreadingtomyself,aswellasoutloudtoMotherandotherfamilymembers,betweentheagesofthreeandfour.BythetimeIturnedfive,Iwasreading"chapterbooks,"liketheBobbseyTwins.Ireadwheneverbookscamemyway,usuallybymymothertakingmetothetown'ssmallbutbook-packedlibraryonSaturdays.Alongmyjourneyasareader,therewereotherhelpinghandsthatdevelopmyloveforbooks-Mrs.EleanorHarrison,myfirst-gradeteacher.WhenIstartedfirstgrade,makingfriendsbecameachallengeforme.Myrichvocabularymademeeasytobelabeledasabookworm（書呆子）,causingotherchildrentoshyawayfromplayingwithme.Mymotherexplainedthattherewouldbe"stuff"Ialreadyknewwhileothersdidn't.Readingwasonesuchskill-Icouldreadwhilenoneofmyclassmateswereableto.Therefore,whenwemovedtoanewcity,andIfoundmyselfinanewschool,IdecidedtopretendthatIdidn'tknowmanywordseither,justtofitin.Onthefirstdayofschool,mymotherwalkedmethereandintroducedherselftoMrs.Harrison,mynewteacher.Afterthat,Iwalkedtoschoolandbackhomebymyself.However,aroundamonthlater,somethingsignificanthappened.Oneafternoon,whenIcamehomefromschool,mymothertoldmethatmyteacher,Mrs.Harrison,hadcalledandwantedtohaveameetingwithher.IimmediatelyaskedifIwasintroublesinceIhadonlyheardofteacherscallingparentswhentherewasallissue."Shedidn'tsayso,"respondedMother,asthoughtsracedthroughmymind,"Shesaidshewantedtotalktomeaboutyou."Motherpulledmetotheir-oneofherhealinghugs.Itrustedmymother.Iknewshelovedme.Iblurtedout,"So,youthinkthiswillhavea"happilyeverafter"ending?"Motherkissedmeonthetopofmyhead,justassheoftendid,andsmiledsaying,"Yes.I'msureitwillbealright."注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Paragraph1:Thedayofthemeetingcame.

Paragraph2:"Ilikethatidea!"Firmly,Inoddedyes.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．D3．B【解析】【分析】本文為應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了意大利一些最著名的景點。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、推斷題兩種?？碱}型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中仔細尋找答案；推斷題需要結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容，從而推斷出需要的信息。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章ExploringitsremarkablypreservedruinsoffersaglimpseintodailylifeduringRomantimes,makingitanincrediblehistoricaldestination.（探索保存完好的遺跡可以讓你一窺羅馬時代的日常生活，使它成為一個令人難以置信的歷史景點）可知游客可以在Pompeii看到保存完好的城市遺址。故選B。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Rome'smostfamouslandmark,theColosseum,isanancientstadiumthatwasonceusedforexcitingfightsandshows.可知羅馬最著名的地標(biāo)是羅馬斗獸場，這是一座古老的體育場，曾經(jīng)用于激動人心的戰(zhàn)斗和表演，故選D。3．推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了意大利一些最著名的景點。說明文章出自一本旅游手冊，B項符合，故選B?！敬鸢浮?．C5．A6．C7．A【解析】【分析】本文為記敘文。主要講述作者的高中英語老師曾經(jīng)告訴他們，學(xué)習(xí)一門外語可以永遠改變自己，等他搬到英國頻繁使用英語后，他意識到老師的話很正確。后來作者通過閱讀得知掌握雙語或三語的人的性格會因他們使用的語言而略有不同，會影響他們的性格。但是使用語言時，只有開展成功的對話才對塑造我們的個性方面起著決定性的作用。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)理解題，詞義猜測題，推理判斷題三種?？碱}型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；詞義猜測題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出合理的詞義；推理判斷題需根據(jù)語境合理分析，推出最合理答案。4．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章MyhighschoolEnglishteacherusedtotellusstufflike,"Learningaforeignlanguagecanchangeyouforever."以及Istartedspeakingandwriting10timesmoreEnglishthanIhadeverdonebefore.ThemoreIspoke,themoremyteacher'sprophecywasfulfilled.可知作者的高中英語老師曾經(jīng)告訴他們，學(xué)習(xí)一門外語可以永遠改變自己，等他搬到英國頻繁使用英語后，他意識到老師的話很正確，通過語境以及關(guān)鍵詞fulfill（實現(xiàn)）可判斷畫線單詞為預(yù)言，與C項詞意相仿，故選C。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章EverytimeIwritesomethinginItalian,mymothertongue,itleadsmetoprofoundthoughts.WhenIrereadmyoldposts,Icanimaginemyselfdrinkingdeliciouswineandlipschanting"IDreamedaDream"fromLesMisérables.可知每次作者用他的母語（意大利語）在博客上寫東西時，都會讓他產(chǎn)生深刻的思考。A項（作者覺得很容易獲取深刻的思想）符合，故選A。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Overthepastseveraldecades,scientistshavestudiedwhetherspeakingdifferentlanguagesmakesusanydifferent.Alltheirfindingsseemtosuggestthat-indeed,bilingualortrilingualpeople'spersonalitiesslightlydifferdependingonwhichlanguagetheyareusing.可知掌握雙語或三語的人的性格會因他們使用的語言而略有不同。C項（不同語言對個性的影響）正確，故選C。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段MaybewecanhavethewholeOxfordDictionaryinourbrain,butitisn'tuntilwepourallthatintotheearofsomeonewho'swillingtolisten,reactandrespond,thatlanguagereallyhasanimpactonwhoweare.可知也許我們可以把整本牛津詞典裝在腦子里，但是直到我們把所有牛津詞典的知識都灌輸?shù)揭粋€愿意傾聽、做出反應(yīng)和回應(yīng)的人的耳朵里，語言才真正影響到我們是誰。說明在使用語言時，塑造我們的個性方面，開展成功的對話起著決定性的作用，故選A?！敬鸢浮?．D9．C10．A11．D【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。主要講述種植草坪率先在英國興起，隨后覆蓋了世界各地的草坪，從歐洲和美國到澳大利亞。但是由于草坪缺少植物多樣性，引起了許多問題，不太適應(yīng)氣候和土壤養(yǎng)分水平不同的地方，人們往往會使用肥料，化學(xué)產(chǎn)品等有害物質(zhì)，破壞了生態(tài)環(huán)境。因此專家建議增加植物多樣性，對此作者也表示贊同。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)理解題、觀點態(tài)度題，詞義猜測題和推理判斷題四種常考題型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；觀點態(tài)度題需要聯(lián)系文章關(guān)鍵詞匯，判斷作者的態(tài)度；詞義猜測題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出合理的詞義；推理判斷題需根據(jù)語境合理分析，推出最合理答案。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章It'sfilledwithjustonetypeofplant—aspeciesthatdoesn'tsupportinsects,birdsorotherwildlifethewayanaturalecosystemwould.（它只有一種植物——一種不像自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)那樣供養(yǎng)昆蟲、鳥類或其他野生動物的物種）以及最后一段Yardsplantedwithmorediversespeciescouldmakeforhealthierecosystemswithmorepollinationandpestcontrol.Intheend,suchchangesshouldbenefitpeopleandwildlifealike.（在庭院中種植更多種類的植物，可以通過更多的授粉和害蟲控制來促進更健康的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。最終，這樣的改變應(yīng)該對人類和野生動物都有好處）可知作者在第一段提到大片的草坪是為介紹本文主題，即草坪缺少植物多樣性，植物多樣性才能帶來更健康的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，故選D。9．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章AlthoughtheydidwellinEngland,they'renotaswelladaptedtoplaceswithdifferentclimatesandlevelsofsoilnutrients.（盡管它們在英國生長得很好，但它們不太適應(yīng)氣候和土壤養(yǎng)分水平不同的地方）可知下一段中畫線單詞that指代adaptedtoplaceswithdifferentclimatesandlevelsofsoilnutrients，C項符合，故選C。10．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Peopletendtoaddfertilizerstokeeptheirlawnsgreen.以及Peoplemayevenusechemicalstokeepoutweedsandpests.可知人們通常使用化學(xué)藥品殺死有害的害蟲，來打理他們的草坪，故選A。11．觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一段介紹植物多樣性的好處，說明作者對此持支持的態(tài)度，Skeptical持懷疑態(tài)度的；Surprised吃驚的；Dismissive不屑一顧的；Favorable贊同的，支持的。故選D?！敬鸢浮?2．C13．D14．B15．A【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。主要講述地球的臭氧層保護層正在形成一個巨大的空洞，因此世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人聚集商討制定了《蒙特利爾議定書》（MontrealProtocol），通過禁止消耗臭氧層物質(zhì)，《蒙特利爾議定書》還無意中阻止了到2050年溫度升溫1℃?！睹商乩麪栕h定書》證明了集體行動的力量，表明了共同解決環(huán)境問題可以以我們意想不到的方式幫助我們。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)理解題、標(biāo)題判斷題兩種?？碱}型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；標(biāo)題判斷題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出最佳標(biāo)題。12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章theUnitedNationsagreedtobanthechemicalsresponsibleforwearingawaythelayerthatprotectsEarthfromthesun'sultraviolet（外線）radiation.可知聯(lián)合國同意禁止使用會破壞保護地球免受太陽紫外線輻射的臭氧層的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。C項（禁止使用破壞臭氧層的化學(xué)物質(zhì)）符合，故選C。13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章thechemicals,knownastheODSs,arealsoresponsibleforcausing30percentofthetemperatureincreasewesawgloballyfrom1955to2005.可知新的研究表明，從1955年到2005年，全球氣溫上升的30%也是由這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)造成的。D項（讓地球變暖）符合，故選D。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章WiththeMontrealProtocol,worldleaderscametogetheraroundanurgentcause.以及theMontrealProtocolprovesthepowerofgroupaction說明國際合作對消除二氧化碳至關(guān)重要，故選B。15．標(biāo)題判斷題。主要講述地球的臭氧層保護層正在形成一個巨大的空洞，因此世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人聚集商討制定了《蒙特利爾議定書》（MontrealProtocol），通過禁止消耗臭氧層物質(zhì)，《蒙特利爾議定書》還無意中阻止了到2050年溫度升溫1℃。說明A項（隱藏的好處：《蒙特利爾議定書》使地球降溫）符合，故選A?！敬鸢浮?6．C；17．D；18．G；19．F；20．E【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。主要講述獨處既是一種挑戰(zhàn)，也是一種有益的經(jīng)歷。它能夠使我們在自己的公司中自我娛樂、獨立和恢復(fù)精力，為自我反省、個人成長和獨立提供了一個獨特的機會。

【點評】考查任務(wù)型閱讀。注意分析文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)，分析上下文語境與選項的關(guān)系，找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵詞和關(guān)鍵信息，選出適當(dāng)答案。16．上文講述Itallowsustoslowdown,bepresent,andappreciatethesimplemomentsinlife.可知獨處讓我們放慢腳步，活在當(dāng)下，欣賞生活中簡單的時刻?？仗幭挛呐e的例子都是一些放松的活動，C項（我們可以花時間參加那些能給我們帶來快樂的活動）符合語境，故選C。17．本段講述獨處還能鼓勵獨立和解決問題的能力。D項（當(dāng)周圍沒有人可以依靠時，我們就會學(xué)會獨立做決定）符合語境，makedecisionsindependently與本段首句independence吻合，故選D。18．空處下文Takingtimeawayfromtheconstantdemandsofothersallowsustofocusonourownneedsandrefuelourenergyreserves.可知從別人不斷的需求中抽出時間，讓我們專注于自己的需求，為我們的能量儲備補充能量。說明本段講述獨處可以讓自己補充能量，G項（此外，獨處可以讓我們恢復(fù)精力）符合語境，使用moreover說明這是獨處另外的優(yōu)點，承接上文，故選G。19．根據(jù)空處下文Whilestayingalonecanbebeneficial,humansaresocialbeingsbynature.（雖然獨處是有益的，但人類本質(zhì)上是社會生物）說明本段講述獨處和社會聯(lián)系之間的關(guān)系，與上文獨處的好處形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，F(xiàn)項（然而，在獨處和社交之間取得平衡是很重要的）符合，故選F。20．分析本文，為總分總結(jié)構(gòu)，最后一段總結(jié)上文講述關(guān)于獨處的好處，E項（它能夠使我們在自己的公司中自我娛樂、獨立和恢復(fù)精力）符合語境，self-entertainment,independence,andrefreshment分別是上文提到的獨處的好處，與上文吻合，故選E。【答案】21．B；22．D；23．C；24．B；25．A；26．C；27．D；28．B；29．C；30．A；31．D；32．A；33．C；34．D；35．B【解析】【分析】本文為記敘文。主要講述DavidBishop在學(xué)校做全職看門人，但下班后，兼職做象棋教練。這位61歲的看門人已輔導(dǎo)小學(xué)和中學(xué)球隊獲得了今年的州冠軍，上演了現(xiàn)實版的電視劇《女王的棋局》。他希望孩子們明白無論是人生還是下棋，只要努力，不因失敗而氣餒，就會成功。

【點評】考查完形填空，首先通讀一遍文章，跳過缺失的單詞，初步了解文章大意，再根據(jù)上下文來判斷選項，最后對選項進行區(qū)別，選出正確的那一項。特別注意日常對詞匯的積累和運用。21．句意：現(xiàn)在，緬因州的一所學(xué)校正在上演一場現(xiàn)實版的《女王的棋局》。all-out全部的；real-life現(xiàn)實的；high-quality高質(zhì)量的；long-lasting持久的，長期的。根據(jù)下文描述關(guān)于DavidBishop的事跡，和電視劇的劇情類似，說明是現(xiàn)實版的《女王的棋局》，故選B。22．句意：DavidBishop在學(xué)校做全職看門人，但下班后，他拿起棋盤，開始了他的第二份工作：兼職象棋教練。plans計劃；needs需要；views看待，觀看，觀察；spends渡過，花費。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞asafull-timedoorkeeper可知他需要花費時間去做學(xué)校看門人的全職工作，故選D。23．句意：DavidBishop在學(xué)校做全職看門人，但下班后，他拿起棋盤，開始了他的第二份工作：兼職象棋教練。chance機會；victory勝利；role角色，作用；skill技能。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞part-timechesscoach說明他不僅是看門人，還是兼職象棋教練，即他有第二個角色，故選C。24．句意：這位61歲的看門人已輔導(dǎo)小學(xué)和中學(xué)球隊獲得了今年的州冠軍。invited邀請；coached訓(xùn)練，指導(dǎo)，輔導(dǎo)；assigned分派，布置；exposed暴露，接觸。根據(jù)上文可知他還是兼職象棋教練，此處是指他訓(xùn)練輔導(dǎo)學(xué)員，故選B。25．句意：他的隊員之一、11歲的AveryZhang成為了今年州K-5年級的冠軍。became成為；contacted聯(lián)系；witnessed目擊，目睹；found發(fā)現(xiàn)。上文講述他訓(xùn)練的隊員優(yōu)秀成績，此處舉具體的事例，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞thestatechampionforgradesK-5thisyear說明他的隊員成為冠軍，故選A。26．句意：雖然DavidBishop喜歡下棋，也擅長下棋，但他沒有加入高中時的象棋俱樂部，擔(dān)心自己會被貼上書呆子的標(biāo)簽。Because因為；Unless除非；While雖然，當(dāng)……時，然而；Since自從，由于。分析語句，前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折，由關(guān)鍵詞enjoyedchess，didn'tjoinhishighschoolchessclub可以看出，此處使用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞，故選C。27．句意：雖然DavidBishop喜歡下棋，也擅長下棋，但他沒有加入高中時的象棋俱樂部，擔(dān)心自己會被貼上書呆子的標(biāo)簽。hoping希望；proving證明；regretting后悔，遺憾；worrying擔(dān)心。此處在講述他沒有加入高中時的象棋俱樂部的原因，故選D。28．句意：如今，在《女王的棋局》播出之后，由于國際象棋的吸引力越來越大，這些刻板印象不再適用。freedom自由；appeal呼吁，申訴，有吸引力；standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；demand需求。根據(jù)文章可知《女王的棋局》是非常火的電視劇，自然會提高現(xiàn)實中人們對國際象棋的吸引力，故選B。29．句意：但與電視劇中的看門人不同，DavidBishop幫助的不僅僅是一個女孩，而是幾十個技能水平和背景各異的孩子。appointing任命；informing通知，了解；helping幫助；advocating提倡。根據(jù)文章TheQueen'sGambitisaTVseriesaboutachessgeniusinspiredbyadoorkeeper說明電視劇中的看門人幫助一個女孩成功，現(xiàn)實中DavidBishop幫助很多孩子們成功，不僅僅是一個女孩，故選C。30．句意：他擔(dān)心的一個問題是，沒有那么多女孩學(xué)習(xí)國際象棋?，F(xiàn)在他的中學(xué)冠軍隊里只有一個女生。takingup開始從事，占據(jù)；hearingabout聽說，得知；majoringin主修；dealingwith處理。根據(jù)上文可知DavidBishop幫助很多孩子們學(xué)習(xí)國際象棋，本句Hisoneworryisthattherearen'tasmanygirls可知是女孩們學(xué)習(xí)國際象棋少，A項（從事……活動）合理，故選A。31．句意：他希望通過讓孩子們在更早的年齡進入這項體育運動來改變這種情況。maintain維持，維護；support支持，養(yǎng)活；analyze分析；change變化。根據(jù)上文Bishopis...notjustonegirlbutdozensof...說明DavidBishop想改變現(xiàn)狀，讓更多的女孩學(xué)習(xí)國際象棋，故選D。32．句意：他希望通過讓孩子們在更早的年齡進入這項體育運動來改變這種情況。game游戲，行業(yè)，體育活動；contest比賽，競賽；school學(xué)校；career職業(yè)。國際象棋是體育運動，故選A。33．句意：DavidBishop還向他的年輕棋手強調(diào)，下棋不僅僅是為了贏。ratherthan而不是；otherthan除了；morethan不僅僅，非常，超過；lessthan少于。根據(jù)下文他講述下棋與生活的關(guān)系，可知下棋不僅僅是為了贏，morethan+n.意為"不僅僅"，故選C。