高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省衢州市五校2024-2025學年高一下學期4月期中英語試題選擇題部分第一部分聽力(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howmuchwillthewomanpayinall?A.$7. B.$10.50. C.$21.【答案】C【原文】M:Howmanyticketswouldyoulike,madam?W:Three,please—twoadultsandonefour-year-oldchild.M:Actually,childrenundertheageofsixgettogoinfree.So,that’lljustbe$21,please.2.Whateventarethespeakerspreparingfor?A.Thespringfestival. B.Abirthdayparty. C.Christmasday.【答案】B【原文】W:WehavesomeredpaperbagsleftoverfromtheSpringFestival.WecouldusethemasgiftbagsforBai’sbirthdaypartyguests.M:Okay.Wecouldfillthemwithhomemadecandy.W:Great!MaybeyoucouldmakesomerockcandyyoumadelastChristmas.3.What’swrongwiththemilk?A.Ithasgonebad. B.It’stoocoldtodrink. C.Itmakesthewomansick.【答案】A【原文】W:Thatmilkisn’tright.It’ssmelly!Ifwedrinkit,we’llgetsick.M:Sorry,Ileftitoutafewdaysagoandforgottoputitbackinthefridge.4.Whatisthewomandissatisfiedwithaboutdress?A.Itscolor. B.Itssize. C.Itsstyle.【答案】B【原文】W:Hi.Iboughtthisdressonline,andIabsolutelylovethecolor.Butit’sjusttoobigaroundmyshoulders.CanIexchangeit?M:Thatparticulardresshassoldout.Butwehaveseveralotherstylesinthatexactgreen.ShallIshowyou?W:Yes,please!5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthetoy?A.Itisquiteeducational. B.Itisalittleunsafe. C.Itistoosmall.【答案】B【原文】W:Youshouldn’tgiveourbabythattoytobite.M:It’sfine.Shelikesit,anditteachesherhowtobiteproperly.W:Can’tyouseethatshe’salmostbittenpartofitoff?Smallpartsaredangerousforbabiesofthisage.第二節(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Momandson. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Brotherandsister.7.Whichpartoftheexamisdifficultforthewoman?A.Chemistry. B.Physics. C.History.【答案】6.C7.A【原文】W:Canyouturnyourspeakerdown,please?I’mtryingtorevise.M:MomsaidIcanhavemymusiconbecauseI’vefinishedallmyhomework.W:Youdon’thavetohaveitthisloudthough!It’sreallyhardtoconcentrateandI’vegotareallydifficultexamtomorrow.M:Whatisit?History?W:It’sscience.I’mokaywithphysicsandbiologybutI’mhavingrealtroubleunderstandingthechemistrywehavetolearn.M:HowaboutIturnthismusicoffandaskyouquestionstohelpyourevise?W:Wouldyoudothat?M:Sure!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whydoesthemancometothewoman?A.Hisfeetareinjured. B.Hislegshavebeenhurting. C.Hiskneesaretroublinghim.9.Howmanytimesdoesthemanruninaweek?A.3. B.10. C.30.10.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Quittherace. B.Reduceexercisetime. C.Takethepillstwiceaday.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【原文】W:Comein.HowmayIhelp?M:Oh,well,Iusedtohurtmyfeetalot,butthistimemykneeshavebeenhurting,anditisstoppingmefromrunning.W:Doyourunalot?M:Yes,Iamtrainingforamarathon.IruntenmilesthreetimesaweekandI’mworriedIwon’tbefitintimefortherace.W:Isee.Sitdownhereandshowmeyourlegs.Okay,thereisnothingserious.It’sjustthatyourkneeshaven’tadaptedtotheamountoftraining.M:Whatdoesthatmean?W:Ideally,youneedtoreducethetrainingtimeforawhile,takethesepillseverytwodays,andthenrestyourkneescompletelyaftertherace.M:Thanks!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthebeach. B.Inarestaurant. C.Atawaterpark.12.Whydoesthemanliketheplace?A.Itisnotcrowded. B.Itiscoolerhere. C.Itisfreeofcharge.13.Whatwillthemandofirst?A.Getsomemoney. B.Getdressed. C.Getsomethingtoeat.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【原文】W:So,whatdoyouthinkoftheplace?M:Great!It’ssonicetohaveabreakfromtheheat!W:Well,Ithoughtweneededtocooloffonadaylikethis!Andtherearenotmanypeoplehere,sowedon’thavetowaitinlineforalongtime.Haveyoubeeninthewavepoolyet?M:No,I’vespentmostofmytimeonthewaterslidessofar!Isitgood?W:Yeah,it’salmostlikebeingatthebeach!M:Allthisexerciseismakingmeprettyhungry,though.W:Well,there’sarestaurantoverthere.Shallweheadovertherenowandgetaburgerorsomething?M:Soundsgood.Wedon’thavetogetdressedtogointhere,dowe?W:No,it’sapoolsiderestaurant.Youcanwearyourswimsuit.M:Okay,great.I’llneedtoheadbacktothechangingroomstogetmywalletfirst,though.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whendidthemanfirstgethisfirstphone?A.At10. B.At16. C.At20.15.Whydidn’tthemansendmanytextsasateenager?A.Itwasslowandexpensive.B.Hedidn’thavemanyfriends.C.Hisparentsdidn’tallowhimtodoso.16.Whatdoesthemanremindthewomantodo?A.Manageherscreentimewisely.B.Becarefulaboutherphonecredit.C.Changetheringtonesofherphone.【答案】14.B15.A16.A【原文】W:Oh,mygoodness!Thankyousomuch,Dad!M:You’rewelcome.Justuseitresponsibly.W:Iwill,Ipromise.Ican’tbelieveit!ThisisthebestChristmasgiftever!M:Well,you’re16now.That’swhenIgotmyfirstphone,too.W:Youhadaphoneasateenager?M:Yes,althoughitwasn’tasgoodasthisone!Ithadatinygreyscreenandnogames.Anditcouldonlystore20textmessagesonitatatime!IfIwantedtokeepanimportanttext,Iwroteitdowninanotebook.W:Ha-ha!M:ButmyfriendsandIdidn’tsendthousandsofmessagestoeachother.Ittookagesbecausethosephonesdidn’thaveproperkeyboards.Plus,eachtextcost10centstosend.W:Really?M:Yes.Iwasonlyallowed$5ofphonecrediteachmonth,andIpreferredtospendmostofitonmusicalringtones!W:Musicalringtones?Yourgenerationissofunny!M:Anyway...Ihopeyouenjoyit.Justdon’tlosefocusonyourstudies.Nextyearisyourgraduationyear,remember.W:IpromiseIwon’t,Dad.I’lluseitwisely!聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Wherewasthedogcompetitionheld?A.Nearahospital. B.InBonnie’sneighborhood. C.Atashoppingmall.18.WhatdidJohnWilmerdofirstwhenhefoundBonnie?A.Hecalledthepolice.B.Hetriedtofindherowneronline.C.Hetookhertotheanimalaidcenter.19.WhydidJohnWilmerenterBonnieinthedogcompetition?A.Hisowndogwassick.B.Hethoughtitwouldbefunny.C.HefoundBonniewasashowdog.20.WhatdidBonniewinasherprize?A.Apicture. B.Agoldmedal. C.Aflower.【答案】17.C18.B19.B20.C【原文】WhenthedogBonniewentmissing,herownerPeterClosierwasworriedsick.Unabletofindherintheneighborhood,hebegancallinglocalanimalaidcenters,animalhospitals,aswellasthepolice.Meanwhile,BonniehadbeenpickedupbyamannamedJohnWilmer,whowasdrivinghisowndogstoadogcompetitionatashoppingmallaboutanhouraway.Johnwasalreadyrunninglate,sohemadeaquicksocialmediapostwithBonnie’spicturetotryandlocatethedog’sowner.Then,heputBonnieinthecarandtookherwithhim.Forajoke,heenteredBonnieintotheBestRescueDogcompetition.Toeveryone’ssurprise,shewonthirdplace!Afterseeingthesocialmediapost,PetercontactedJohn.Bonniewasreturnedhometoherfamilysoon,lookingveryproudofherselfwiththeflowersheearnedinhermouth.Petersaid,“Itwasagoodthingthatshecameback.Thiswasevenbetter.Shereturnedwithaprize!”Strangely,thefamily’sotherdog,Cleo,isamedal-winningshowdog,butBonniehadneverenteredanycompetitions.Perhapsshesimplywantedtoprovewhatshecoulddo.第二部分閱讀(共兩節，滿分50分)第一節(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAnyroadcanbefrighteninginthewrongweatherconditionsorwithacarelessdriverontheloosebutherewelistsomeofthemostdangerousroadsintheworld.ColduChaussy,FranceAt1,532metresabovesealevel,ColduChaussyintheRh?ne-Alpesregionofsouth-easternFranceisahighmountainpassthatstartswiththefamous“LesLacetsdeMontvernier.”Thisspecialroadisonlyabout3.2kmlongbutfeatures17sharpturnsasyouclimbupanactualcliff.TherearesafetyfencesalongthewaybutthisstrangeZ-shaperoad,thoughwithwonderfullandscape,isstilloneofthemostdangerousroadsintheworld.KarnaliHighway,NepalAbout50peoplediehereeveryyear,makingadriveonthe250kmKarnaliHighwayintheHimalayasofWestNepalarealdeathwish.Itisoneofthemostdangerousroadsintheworldevenwhenit’snotrainyseasonbecausethesurfaceisextremelydustyandincludesnarrowsections,landslides,fallingrocks,floodedsections,holesandhugedropsoffsteepcliffs.Andnowitisonlyaroadpassable,atbest,duringthedayasdrivingatnightarenotallowedbecauseofthehighnumberofdeadlyaccidents.CommonwealthAvenue,PhilippinesUnlikeotherroadsandhighwaysonthislist,thisoneisn’tsittingontheedgeofamountainornearafallingbridge.Infact,it’sawidecityhighwaythat’sjust12kmlong.Twenty-meter-widetobespecificandduetoheavytraffic,poordrainage(排水)whichbringsfloodsontheroad,andtheconstantpresenceofmotorbikesandwalkingpeoplethattourbusescan’tevensee,thisroadhasearnedthesadnickname“KillerHighway”becauseofthemanyaccidentsanddeathsthere.21.WhatwilladriverexperienceonColduChaussy?A.Fallingrocks. B.Smoothdriving. C.Heavyrainfall. D.Beautifulviews.22.WhyaredrivingatnightonKarnaliHighwaynotallowed?A.Manydeadlyaccidents. B.Superwetroad.C.Largecrowdsoftourists. D.Extremeweather.23.WhatdoKarnaliHighwayandCommonwealthAvenuehaveincommon?A.Theybothcarryheavytraffic. B.Theyarebothbuiltinmountains.C.Theyarebothinpoorconditions. D.Theyarebothhitbynaturaldisasters.【答案】21.D22.A23.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了世界上三條最危險的道路。【21題詳析】細節理解題。根據ColduChaussy,France部分中“TherearesafetyfencesalongthewaybutthisstrangeZ-shaperoad,thoughwithwonderfullandscape,isstilloneofthemostdangerousroadsintheworld.(沿途有安全圍欄，但這條奇怪的Z字形道路，盡管有美妙的風景，仍然是世界上最危險的道路之一)”可知，司機在ColduChaussy這條路上可以體驗到美麗的風景。故選D。【22題詳析】細節理解題。根據KarnaliHighway,Nepal部分中“Andnowitisonlyaroadpassable,atbest,duringthedayasdrivingatnightarenotallowedbecauseofthehighnumberofdeadlyaccidents.(現在，這條路最多只能在白天通行，因為夜間發生的致命事故太多，所以不允許夜間駕駛)”可知，KarnaliHighway不允許夜間駕駛是因為有很多致命的事故。故選A。【23題詳析】細節理解題。根據KarnaliHighway,Nepal部分中“Itisoneofthemostdangerousroadsintheworldevenwhenit’snotrainyseasonbecausethesurfaceisextremelydustyandincludesnarrowsections,landslides,fallingrocks,floodedsections,holesandhugedropsoffsteepcliffs.(即使不是雨季，它也是世界上最危險的道路之一，因為路面塵土飛揚，還有狹窄的路段、山體滑坡、落石、被洪水淹沒的路段、坑洞以及從陡峭懸崖上的巨大落差)”以及CommonwealthAvenue,Philippines部分中“Twenty-meter-widetobespecificandduetoheavytraffic,poordrainage(排水)whichbringsfloodsontheroad,andtheconstantpresenceofmotorbikesandwalkingpeoplethattourbusescan’tevensee,thisroadhasearnedthesadnickname(具體來說，這條道路寬達二十米，而且由于交通擁堵、排水系統不佳導致路面常有積水，再加上路上經常有摩托車和行人穿梭，旅游大巴甚至都看不到他們，因此這條路得了個令人沮喪的綽號——“殺手公路”)”可知，KarnaliHighway和CommonwealthAvenue的共同之處是它們的路況都很差。故選C。BImagineawarm,summerdayatJuhuBeachinMumbai.Oceanwavescrashalongtheshore;thesunshinesonthehorizon.ButwhatifthesunsetsinJuhuanddoesn’triseagainformonthsandtheseafreezesover?Well,thisisthekindofplacewhereI’veworkedoverthelastdecade.Asaseaicescientist,Ilivethroughthewinterinthe24x7polar(極地的)darknessandextremelylowtemperaturesofsix-month-longnightsintheArcticandtheAntarctic.Yet,myearlyexperienceswerefarfrompleasant.Besidesbeingunabletoclearlymarkthepassageoftime,thelackofsunlightbringsbothaphysicalandamentalsuffering.One’sbodyclockturnsoff,leadingtoconstanttirednessandlittledrivetofocusonwork.Mymoodisaveryflatsinewave(正弦波).Missingfamilyandfriendsmakesitworse.UnlikewhereIgrewup—inwarm,greenTrivandrum,Kerala,filledwithrichsights,soundsandpeople—lifeatthePolesisquiet.Asthedaysshorten,almostalllifestartstoleavelookingforwarmerlands,butthosewhostayaregreetedbybreathtakingglacier(冰川)andanotherworldlyview.Inthecoldestwintermonths,thesunseemstoliveonlyinmemory.Itsdisappearance,however,isnotreal:Polarlights,showingblue,red,yellowandgreen,snakelikewavingcurtainsacrossthedeepblacksky,remindingmethatthelightshallonedayreturnandthereiswondertoenjoy.IttookmeyearstoadaptandfallinlovewiththeseenvironmentsandnowIamexcitedtothrowmyselfintoanotherjourneyinthislandofdarknessandslow-movingtime.Whatpullsmebacktimeandagainisitsunshakablepeaceandcalmness.Itquietsyou,fillsyouwithwonderandchangesyoursoul.Beingrestlessbynature,Ihavehadtofindpatience,builddetermination,andlearnhowtosolveproblemswithoutlosingcontrol.24.Whydoestheauthoraskreaderstoimagineadayinparagraph1?A.Toinspirereaders’imagination. B.Toshowhisregretforhischoice.C.Toshareaplacehedreamtabout. D.Tostressthehardshiphesuffered.25.Howdoestheauthorprobablyfeelatthebeginningofthejob?A.Ratherexcited. B.Extremelyupset. C.Alittleenjoyable. D.Greatlynervous.26.Whatisparagraph3mainlyaboutintermsofpolarlife?A.Theamazingbeauty. B.Thescientificwonders.C.Theformergoodlives. D.Theupsettingquietness.27.Whydidtheauthorfallinlovewiththepolarlife?A.Heapreferenceforchallenges.B.Itbenefitedhisscientificexploration.C.Headaptedtothetoughenvironment.D.Itimprovedhischaracterandqualities.【答案】24.D25.B26.A27.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者以孟買朱胡海灘夏日與極寒無日景象對比，引出自身作為海冰科學家在南北極長達十年的工作經歷。【24題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Imagineawarm,summerdayatJuhuBeachinMumbai.Oceanwavescrashalongtheshore;thesunshinesonthehorizon.ButwhatifthesunsetsinJuhuanddoesn’triseagainformonthsandtheseafreezesover?Well,thisisthekindofplacewhereI’veworkedoverthelastdecade.Asaseaicescientist,Ilivethroughthewinterinthe24x7polar(極地的)darknessandextremelylowtemperaturesofsix-month-longnightsintheArcticandtheAntarctic.(想象一個溫暖的夏日，在孟買的Juhu海灘。海浪拍打著海岸；太陽照在地平線上。但是如果太陽在巨湖落下，幾個月都不升起，海面結冰怎么辦？這就是我過去十年一直工作的地方。作為一名海冰科學家，我在極地24小時的黑暗中度過了冬天，在北極和南極度過了長達六個月的極低溫度的夜晚。)”可知，作者先描述了孟買朱胡海灘溫暖夏日的美好景象，接著筆鋒一轉，提出如果太陽數月不升起且大海結冰會怎樣，然后引出自己在極地工作的情況。通過這種對比，是為了強調他在極地工作所遭受的艱苦環境，如長時間的黑暗和極低的溫度等。故選D項。【25題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第二段“Yet,myearlyexperienceswerefarfrompleasant.Besidesbeingunabletoclearlymarkthepassageoftime,thelackofsunlightbringsbothaphysicalandamentalsuffering.One’sbodyclockturnsoff,leadingtoconstanttirednessandlittledrivetofocusonwork.Mymoodisaveryflatsinewave(正弦波).Missingfamilyandfriendsmakesitworse.(然而，我早期的經歷遠非愉快。除了無法清楚地標記時間的流逝外，缺少陽光還會給身體和精神帶來痛苦。一個人的生物鐘會關閉，導致持續的疲勞和缺乏專注于工作的動力。我的心情是很平的正弦波。失去家人和朋友會讓情況更糟)”可知，作者早期的經歷一點也不愉快，缺乏陽光帶來身心痛苦，生物鐘紊亂，情緒低落，還想念家人朋友，這些都表明作者一開始工作時心情極度沮喪。故選B項。【26題詳析】主旨大意題。根據第三段“UnlikewhereIgrewup—inwarm,greenTrivandrum,Kerala,filledwithrichsights,soundsandpeople—lifeatthePolesisquiet.Asthedaysshorten,almostalllifestartstoleavelookingforwarmerlands,butthosewhostayaregreetedbybreathtakingglacier(冰川)andanotherworldlyview.Inthecoldestwintermonths,thesunseemstoliveonlyinmemory.Itsdisappearance,however,isnotreal:Polarlights,showingblue,red,yellowandgreen,snakelikewavingcurtainsacrossthedeepblacksky,remindingmethatthelightshallonedayreturnandthereiswondertoenjoy.(不像我成長的地方——喀拉拉邦溫暖、綠色的特里凡得勒姆，那里充滿了豐富的風景、聲音和人——在波蘭的生活是安靜的。隨著白晝的縮短，幾乎所有的生命都開始離開，尋找更溫暖的地方，但那些留下來的人會受到令人驚嘆的冰川和超凡脫俗的景色的歡迎。在最寒冷的冬季，太陽似乎只存在于記憶中。然而，它的消失是不真實的：極地的燈光，呈現出藍色、紅色、黃色和綠色，像蛇形的窗簾在深黑的天空中搖曳，提醒我有一天光會回來，有奇跡可以享受。)”可知，第三段先將作者成長的地方（充滿豐富的景象、聲音和人群）與極地生活進行對比，指出極地生活安靜。接著描述隨著日子變短，大部分生命離開，留下來的人會看到令人驚嘆的冰川和超凡脫俗的景色，還提到在最寒冷的冬季，雖然太陽似乎只存在于記憶中，但極光會呈現出各種顏色，如藍色、紅色、黃色和綠色，像舞動的窗簾一樣劃過深邃的夜空。所以第三段主要講的是極地生活中令人驚嘆的美景。故選A項。【27題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“IttookmeyearstoadaptandfallinlovewiththeseenvironmentsandnowIamexcitedtothrowmyselfintoanotherjourneyinthislandofdarknessandslow-movingtime.Whatpullsmebacktimeandagainisitsunshakablepeaceandcalmness.Itquietsyou,fillsyouwithwonderandchangesyoursoul.Beingrestlessbynature,Ihavehadtofindpatience,builddetermination,andlearnhowtosolveproblemswithoutlosingcontrol.(我花了好幾年的時間來適應和愛上這些環境，現在我很興奮地把自己投入到這片黑暗和緩慢移動的時間的土地上的另一段旅程。一次次把我拉回來的是它那不可動搖的平和與平靜。它讓你安靜下來，讓你充滿驚奇，改變你的靈魂。我天生不安分，所以我必須找到耐心，建立決心，并學會如何在不失去控制的情況下解決問題)”可知，作者花了數年時間適應并愛上了極地環境，是因為極地不可動搖的和平與寧靜讓他平靜，充滿驚奇，改變了他的靈魂，使他這個生性不安分的人學會了耐心、堅定，并學會在不失去控制的情況下解決問題，即極地生活提升了他的性格和品質。故選D項。CHaveyouevernoticedthatpeopleoftenperformbetterwhenothersbelieveinthem?Thisphenomenoniscalledthe“PygmalionEffect”—apsychologicalrulewherehighexpectationsleadtoimprovedperformance.NamedafteraGreekmyth(神話)aboutasculptor(雕塑家)whobroughthisstatuetolifethroughbelief,thiseffectshowshowpositiveexpectationscancreaterealsuccess.Forexample,insports,acoach’strustmightpushathletestobreaktheirlimits.Theideawastestedinafamous1968studybypsychologistsRobertRosenthalandLenoreJacobson.Theytoldteachersthatcertainstudentsinaclassroomwere“latebloomers”withhighpotential(潛能),thoughthesestudentswereactuallychosenbychance.Bytheendoftheschoolyear,thoseconsideredas“high-potential”showedmuchbettergradesandIQscores.Teachersalsoreportedthesestudentsaskingmorequestionsandshowinggreatercuriosity.Thisprovedthatteachers’beliefsaboutstudentsdirectlyinfluencedtheirperformance.ThePygmalionEffectworksthroughacycleofencouragementandbehavior.Whensomeone(e.g.ateacherormanager)believesanotherpersoncansucceed,theyunconsciouslygivemoresupport,adviceandopportunities.Forexample,ateachermightcallona“high-potential”studentmoreoftenorpraisetheirefforts,whichpromotesthestudent’sconfidenceandeffort.Overtime,thiscreatesaself-fulfillingprophecy—thebeliefthatsomethingwillhappenmakesithappen.Thiseffecthasimportantapplicationsineducation,workplaces,andparenting.Studiesshowthatwhenleadersexpressconfidenceintheirteams,productivityandcreativityincrease.Evensmallactsoftrust,likegivingthemchallengingtasks,caninspirebetterresults.Similarly,childrenwhoseparentsencouragetheirabilitiesoftendevelopstrongerskills.However,theoppositeisalsotrue:lowexpectationscanlimitgrowth.ByunderstandingthePygmalionEffect,wecancreateenvironmentswhereeveryonefeelsempoweredtoreachtheirpotential.Plus,recognizingpeople’seffortscanreallyencouragethegoodresults,helpingeveryonekeepgrowinganddeveloping.28.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinaskingaquestionatthebeginningofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Toopenadiscussion.C.Topresentanopinion. D.Togivesomeevidence.29.WhatdidRosenthalandJacobson’sstudyprove?A.IQtestscan’tbetrusted.B.Allstudentshaveequalpotential.C.Teachers’expectationsaffectedstudents’results.D.Studentschosenbychancebecametopperformers.30.Whatdoestheunderlinephrase“self-fulfillingprophecy”inparagraph3mean?A.Astorycomingfromancientmyths.B.Apredictionthatisbasedonscience.C.Afalsepromisewhichwasmadebyleaders.D.Abeliefthatcomestruebecausepeopleactonit.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowTeachersManageClassroomBehaviorB.HowLowExpectationsImproveStudentGradesC.ThePygmalionEffect:HowBeliefShapesSuccessD.TheGreekMyth:Howscupltorsimproveperformance【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章先以提問引入“皮格馬利翁效應”，介紹其源于希臘神話，指高期望能提升表現，如教練信任助運動員突破極限。接著借1968年研究表明老師對學生潛力的信念會影響學生多方面表現。然后闡述該效應通過鼓勵和行為循環發揮作用，形成自我實現預言。最后強調其在教育、職場和育兒等領域的應用，高期望促發展，低期望限成長，理解此效應利于營造發揮潛力的環境，認可努力推動成長。【28題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章開頭作者提出問題“Haveyouevernoticedthatpeopleoftenperformbetterwhenothersbelieveinthem?(你有沒有注意到，當別人信任他們時，他們往往表現得更好？)”，緊接著就引出了“ThePygmalionEffect”這一主題，所以作者提問的目的是為了引入話題。故選A項。【29題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Theytoldteachersthatcertainstudentsinaclassroomwere“latebloomers”withhighpotential(潛能),thoughthesestudentswereactuallychosenbychance.Bytheendoftheschoolyear,thoseconsideredas“high-potential”showedmuchbettergradesandIQscores.Teachersalsoreportedthesestudentsaskingmorequestionsandshowinggreatercuriosity.Thisprovedthatteachers’beliefsaboutstudentsdirectlyinfluencedtheirperformance.(他們告訴老師，教室里的某些學生是“大器晚成者”，具有很高的潛力，盡管這些學生實際上是偶然被選中的。到學年結束時，那些被認為是“高潛力”的學生表現出更好的成績和智商分數。老師們還報告說，這些學生問了更多的問題，表現出更大的好奇心。這證明教師對學生的信念直接影響學生的表現。)”可知，Rosenthal和Jacobson告訴老師一些學生有高潛力（實際上是隨機選的），到學年結束時，這些被認為有高潛力的學生成績和智商分數更好，也更愛提問和有好奇心，這證明了老師對學生的期望直接影響了學生的表現。故選C項。【30題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據第三段“ThePygmalionEffectworksthroughacycleofencouragementandbehavior.Whensomeone(e.g.ateacherormanager)believesanotherpersoncansucceed,theyunconsciouslygivemoresupport,adviceandopportunities.Forexample,ateachermightcallona“high-potential”studentmoreoftenorpraisetheirefforts,whichpromotesthestudent’sconfidenceandeffort.Overtime,thiscreatesaself-fulfillingprophecy—thebeliefthatsomethingwillhappenmakesithappen.(皮格馬利翁效應通過鼓勵和行為的循環發揮作用。當某人（例如老師或經理）相信另一個人可以成功時，他們會無意識地給予更多的支持、建議和機會。例如，老師可能會更頻繁地拜訪“高潛力”的學生或表揚他們的努力，這可以促進學生的信心和努力。久而久之，這就形成了一種自我實現的預言——相信某事會發生就會使它發生。)”可知，皮格馬利翁效應通過鼓勵和行為的循環起作用，當有人相信另一個人能成功時，會給予更多支持等，從而提升對方信心和努力，久而久之，這種相信某事會發生的信念會讓這件事真的發生，所以“self-fulfillingprophecy”指的是一種因為人們按照這種信念去行動而實現的信念。故選D項。【31題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要圍繞“PygmalionEffect”展開，介紹了它的來源（希臘神話）、通過研究證明其作用（老師的期望影響學生表現）、作用機制（鼓勵和行為的循環）以及在教育、職場和育兒等方面的應用，強調了信念是如何塑造成功的，C選項“ThePygmalionEffect:HowBeliefShapesSuccess”（皮格馬利翁效應：信念如何塑造成功）符合文章主旨，適合作為文章的標題。故選C項。DBabiesexperienceafloodofinformationrelatedtothesensesfromthemomenttheyareborn.Knowingnothingabouttheworld,theymustlearntoorganizethatinformationintogroupsofthings—especiallyfaces,oneofthemostimportantsightsbabiesstarttolearnduringthefirstmonth.Arecentstudyfoundbabies’abilitytorecognizefacesishelpedbytheirmother’sbodysmell,andthattheinfluenceofsmellweakensasbabiesgrow.Thisbroadensscientists’understandingofhowusingmultiple(多種的)sensestogetherplaysaroleinearlylearning.Dr.ArnaudLeleu,aneuro-scientistandtheleaderoftheresearchteam,usedEEG(腦電圖)torecordthebrainactivityof50babieswithdifferentageswhiletheywatchedastreamofsiximagespersecond.Amongeachsixthimagewasahumanface,andtheotherswereanimalsorthings.Theresearchersexpectedthatifthebabieswerefocusingspecialattentiononfaces,therewouldbeaonce-per-secondsharpriseonEEGtomatchtheappearanceofthefaceimages—aso-calledface-selectivereaction.TheyalsogavethebabiesT-shirtswiththeirmothers’bodysmelltoseetheirreactionchanges.Overall,face-selectivereactionsgrewstrongerandmoredetailedwithage.Buttheteamalsofoundthemothers’bodysmellenhance(增強)babies’attentiontofacesintheyoungestbabiesandthatthisenhancementslowlylessenedinolderbabies.“Thiscouldmeanyoungbabiesdependmoreontheirmother’ssmellbecausetheirabilitytoidentifyfacesusingsightaloneisstilldeveloping,”Leleusays.Thefindingsshowtheimportanceoflearningthroughmultiplesensesearlyinlife.“Tohelpbabieslearn,weshoulduseallthesenses,”Leleusays.“Oursenseshelpusrecognizetheworld,formingthebasisforideas,language,andmemories”.Heisnowstudyingfurtherthesmell’seffectonhowwesensetheworldinotheragegroups.Hesayshe’sfindingthatifathinkingtaskismadedifficultenough,evenadultscanusetheirnosestohelp.32.Whatdoestherecentresearchfocuson?A.Babies’recognitionabilities. B.Mother’snaturalbodysmells.C.Scientists’experimentinsmell. D.Multiplesensesinearlylearning.33.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“face-selectivereaction”inparagraph3?A.Ithappenswhenbabiesfocusonfaces.B.Itappearstobeaone-secondsharprise.C.Itshowsbrainactivitiesrelatedtosmell.D.Itisbabies’reactiontomothers’clothes.34.WhatcanweinferaboutLeleu’sexperimentinthepassage?A.Babies’learningbeginswithsenseofsmell.B.Humanlearningabilitiesdecreasewithage.C.Senseofsmellcanmakeupforthatofsight.D.Bodysmellenhanceshumanunderstanding.35.WhatmightDr.Leleuaimtoexplorenextinhisresearch?A.TheeffectivenessofEEGinenhancingadultmemory.B.Howadultsusesmelltohelpsolvedifficultmentaltasks.C.Whybabiesrecognizeanimalfacesfasterthanhumanfaces.D.Thelinkbetweensmellandlanguagedevelopmentinbabies.【答案】32.D33.A34.C35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了嬰兒早期學習中多種感官的作用。【32題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段中“Arecentstudyfoundbabies’abilitytorecognizefacesishelpedbytheirmother’sbodysmell,andthattheinfluenceofsmellweakensasbabiesgrow.Thisbroadensscientists’understandingofhowusingmultiple(多種的)sensestogetherplaysaroleinearlylearning.(最近的一項研究發現，嬰兒識別面孔的能力受到母親體味的幫助，而嗅覺的影響會隨著嬰兒的成長而減弱。這拓寬了科學家對結合使用多種感官如何在早期學習中發揮作用的理解)”可知，最近的研究聚焦于早期學習中的多種感官。故選D。【33題詳析】細節理解題。根據第三段中“Theresearchersexpectedthatifthebabieswerefocusingspecialattentiononfaces,therewouldbeaonce-per-secondsharpriseonEEGtomatchtheappearanceofthefaceimages—aso-calledface-selectivereaction.(研究人員預計，如果嬰兒特別關注面部，腦電圖每秒會出現一次急劇上升，以匹配面部圖像的外觀——這就是所謂的面部選擇性反應)”可知，“面選擇性反應”發生在嬰兒關注面部時。故選A。【34題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第四段““Thiscouldmeanyoungbabiesdependmoreontheirmother’ssmellbecausetheirabilitytoidentifyfacesusingsightaloneisstilldeveloping,”Leleusays.(“這可能意味著年幼的嬰兒更加依賴母親的氣味，因為他們僅憑視覺識別面孔的能力仍在發展中，”Leleu說)”可知，小嬰兒更多依賴母親的氣味是因為他們僅靠視覺識別面孔的能力還在發展中，由此可推斷出嗅覺可以彌補視覺的不足。故選C。【35題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Heisnowstudyingfurtherthesmell’seffectonhowwesensetheworldinotheragegroups.Hesayshe’sfindingthatifathinkingtaskismadedifficultenough,evenadultscanusetheirnosestohelp.(他現在正在進一步研究氣味對其他年齡段人群感知世界的方式的影響。他說，他發現如果一項思考任務變得足夠困難，即使是成年人也可以用鼻子來幫忙)”可推知，Leleu博士接下來可能旨在探索成年人如何利用嗅覺來幫助解決困難的心理任務。故選B。第二節(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Startinganewenvironmental-friendlyhabitcanbeverydifficult.New“green”productsarepoppingupeverydaybuttoohardtolear