Whatarethesenewenergysources?Matchthenameswiththepictures.Howmuchdoyouknowaboutnewenergysources?Markthestatementstrue(T)orfalse(F).TFTTT2.GeothermalenergyistheheatproduceddeepintheEarth'score.Skimthefollowingarticleandanswerthequestions.1.WhydoesCusick'scarcatchpeople'seyes?

2.HowlongcanCusick'scardriveonatankofhydrogen?

3.WhataretheemissionsofCusick'scar?

4.WhatisthelimitingfactorofCusick'scar?Cusickdrivesa2008HondaFCXClarity,theworld'sfirsthydrogen-poweredFCEV.280miles(451km).Waterandheat.Thedrivingrangeofhiscarislimited(becausehydrogenfillingstationsarescarce).WhenJackCusickdrives,peoplepointathiscar.Cusickdrivesa2008HondaFCXClarity,theworld'sfirsthydrogen-poweredfuelcellelectricvehicle(FCEV)intendedformassproduction.“Weturnalotofheadsontheroadandfreeway.(1)

,”saidCusick.Cusick'scarmaylooklikeanordinarysedan,butthiscarmaymovetheworldclosertoafuturewithoutpetroleum.Insteadofgasoline,afuelcellpowersthecarbycombininghydrogenandoxygentomakeelectricity.AccordingtoHonda,theFCXClaritycanbefilledeasilyatahydrogenpumpandwilldrive280miles(451km)onasingletankofhydrogen.Itgetshigherfuelefficiencythanagasolineorhybridcarapproximatelytheequivalentof74milespergallon(31.5km/L)ofgasoline.Moreover,thecar'sonlyemissionsarewaterandheat.Inaworldofdwindlingfossilfuels,risingoilprices,andglobalwarmingconcerns,ahydrogen-poweredcarhasmademanypeopleexcited.“(2)

,”saidTakeoFukui,Honda'spresident.“Hondawillworkhardtomainstreamfuelcellcars.”ForCusick,theFCXhasbecomeapartofdailylife.Hedrivesthecarabout200miles(322km)perweek,mostlygoingtoandfromworkandrunningerrands.(3)

,hesays,althoughheislimitedinwherehecandrivebecausehydrogenfillingstationsarescarce.Still,Cusickisthrilledtobedrivingthehydrogen-poweredcar.Heexplained,(4)

.Themainbenefit,obviously,isasmallercarbonfootprint.Morethanthat,though,istheopportunitytoshowtheworldthatfuelcellvehiclescanwork.I'mdriving,parking,fueling,andtravellingrightalongsideeveryoneelse.(5)

.dcafbHowdopeoplefeelaboutFCEV?Choosethecorrectsentencestofillintheblanksinthearticle.a.Fuelingthecariseasyb.Iwantedtobeapartofthefuture;IdiscoveredthatI'mactuallyapartofthepresentc.Thisisamust-havetechnologyforthefutureoftheearthd.Igetthumbs-upsfrompeople,andoccasionallyI'llseesomeonebustoutacameraphoneandpointitatmee.Widespreaduseofhydrogenisakeyelementofhydrogeneconomyf.WhentheopportunitytodriveaHondaFCXClarityFCEVpresenteditself,IjumpedatthechanceWorkwithyourpartnertodiscussthefollowingtopic.Trytomakeadialogwithyourpartner,andthenpresentyourconversationtotheclass.Cusick'scar,a2008HondaFCXClarity,isanadvancedandevenunconventionalvehicle.Hisfamilymightnotsupporthisdecisiontobuythiscarattheverybeginning.ImaginehowCusickwouldpersuadehisfamilytopurchasethisunusualcar.Suggestions:Youmaywritetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofbuyingthiscarinthetablebelow.Workingroupstodiscussthequestionsandtrytoreachanagreementamongyourselves,andthenreporttheresultstotheclass.1.Howdoyouunderstandthesentence“Iwantedtobeapartofthefuture;IdiscoveredthatI'mactuallyapartofthepresent”?2.CanyouseeanyFCEVinyourcity?Wouldyouliketobuyone?Whyorwhynot?ListentothefirstpartoftheinterviewonFuelCellVehicle(FCV),andchoosetherightanswertoeachquestion.()1.WhichofthefollowingisnotanadvantageofFCV?A.Itproducessteam.B.Itdoesn'tusegasoline.C.It'ssimpleandabundant.D.Itdoesn'tpollutetheair.()2.WhatisthepowersourceofFCV?A.Gasoline.B.Steam.C.Hydrogen.D.Fossilfuel.CCWhatarethemajorcomponentsofFCVandtheirmainfunctions?Completethetablewithwhatyouhaveheard.StackoxygencombustionTankcompressedbrakingControlflowHavealookinsideanFCV.Fillintheblankswithcomponentnames.PowerControlUnitElectricMotorFuelCellStackHigh-OutputBatteryHydrogenStorageTankLookatthepictureofaconventionalcarbelow.HowisitdifferentfromanFCV?Workingroupstodiscusstheabovequestionandreporttotheclassaboutyourdiscussionresults.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswiththebestanswerfromthefourchoices.Hydrogenisthesimplestandmostcommonelementintheuniverse.OnEarth,hydrogenisacolorless,odorlessgas(H2).(1)

foundalone,itisusually(2)

withotherelementssuchasoxygeninwater(H2O)orcarboninmethanemethanen.甲烷(CH4).Touseit,hydrogenmustbe(3)

fromtheseotherelements.Byitselfhydrogenisnotanenergysourcelikenaturalgasoroil.Instead,hydrogenisa(4)

,likeelectricity,thatstoresanddeliversenergyinausableform.Tousehydrogenasanenergycarrier,scientistsseparateitfromtheotherelements(5)

itisfound.Separatinghydrogenrequiresanotherenergysource,whichcanberenewablelikesolarpoweror(6)

likenaturalgas.()(1)A.RarelyB.OftenC.OccasionallyD.Hardly()(2)A.filledB.bondedC.separatedD.existed()(3)A.separateB.derivedC.convertedD.split()(4)A.resourceB.energyC.carrierD.substance()(5)A.fromwhichB.throughwhichC.inwhichD.withwhich()(6)A.unrenewableB.nonrenewableC.irrenewableD.disrenewableABDCDBReadtheclozepassageinTask1again,andanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Whatformdoeshydrogenexistin?

2.Ishydrogenanenergysource,oranenergycarrier?

3.Whatmustbedonetousehydrogen?Asagas,hydrogeniscolorlessandodorless,andisusuallybondedwithotherelements.Anenergycarrier.Tousehydrogen,scientistsseparateitfromtheotherelements.ProducingHydrogen

Hydrogencanbeseparatedfromotherelementsusingseveraltechnologies.Currently,themostcommonmethodisnaturalgassteamreforming,whichaccountsforabout95percentofhydrogenproducedintheUnitedStatestoday.Usingthismethod,high-temperaturesteamseparateshydrogenfrommethaneinnaturalgas.Thismethodisnotideal,becauseitusesnonrenewablenaturalgasasanenergysource,andtheprocessreleasesgreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere.Electrolysis,whichusesanelectriccurrenttosplitwatermoleculesintohydrogenandoxygen,isacleanermethodofseparatinghydrogen.Electrolysisrequireselectricalenergy,whichcanbeproducedbyfossilfuelsorrenewablesourcessuchaswind,solar,geothermal,orhydroelectricpower.Hydrogencanalsobeproducedbygasification,whichconvertscoalorbiomassintoagasthatthenreactswithsteamtoseparatehydrogen.Severalothertechnologiesarealsoinvariousstagesofdevelopmentforhydrogenproduction.

Hydrogenpowercanalsobeproducedinfuelcells,liketheonethatpowersHonda'sFCXClarity.Fuelcellscombinehydrogenwithoxygenfromtheairtogenerateelectricity,leavingheatandwaterastheonlybyproducts.Hydrogenflowsfromastoragetankintothefuelcell,whereachemicalreactiongenerateselectricityandpowersanelectricmotor.Aslongashydrogenissupplied,thefuelcellwillproduceelectricityandneverloseitscharge.Readthearticleandfindanswerstothefollowingquestions.1.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatmethodscanbeusedtoproducehydrogen?

2.AccordingtoParagraph2,whatcanhydrogenpowerbeusedfor?

Workingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestionsandreporttotheclassaboutyourdiscussionresults.Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeachmethodofproducinghydrogen?Whichoneisthemostenvironmentallyfriendly?Whichistheleast?Why?Naturalgassteamreforming;electrolysis;gasification.Hydrogenpowercangenerateelectricityandpoweranelectricmotor.AdvantagesofHydrogenOneofthebiggestadvantagesofusinghydrogenforfuelandpowerisitswidespreadavailability.Takingadvantageoflocalresources,regionsrichincoalcouldgeneratehydrogenthroughcoalgasification,whilesunnyregionscouldgeneratehydrogenthroughasolarelectrolysisprocess.Anothersignificantadvantageofhydrogenisthatitiscleanburningandvirtuallypollutionfree.Whenusedinafuelcellorinamodifiedinternalcombustionengine,hydrogen'sonlyemissionsareheatandwatervapor.Usinghydrogeninsteadoffossilfuelshasthepotentialtoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandotherenvironmentalpollutants.Whenusingrenewableresourcestoproducehydrogen,theentireprocessfromproductiontoendusehasverylowenvironmentalimpact.Moreover,hydrogenpowerisversatile.Unlikeotherformsofrenewableenergy,itdoesnotdependonweatherconditionsortimeofday.Whatismore,oncehydrogenisgenerated,itcanbestoredatpowerplantsforfutureusewhenconsumersneedelectricity.HurdlesforHydrogenAlthoughhydrogenoffersmanyadvantages,thereareseveralhurdlesthatmustbeovercomebeforehydrogenbecomesamainstreamenergysource.Oneofthebiggesthurdlesfacinghydrogeniscost.Separatinghydrogentomakeituseableisanexpensiveprocess.Currently,thecheapestwaytoseparatehydrogenisnaturalgassteamreforming.However,thismethodreleasescarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.Electrolysissolvesthatproblembutrequiresasubstantialamountofenergytoseparatewater'shydrogenandoxygen,andtheplatinumneededintheprocessisveryexpensive.Additionally,asignificantinvestmentinhydrogendistributionnetworksisrequiredbeforewidespreadusecanoccur.Currently,therearefewpipelinestotransporthydrogenfromprocessingplantstousers.Instead,hydrogendistributionreliesonmoreexpensiveandlessefficienttruckandtankertransportation.Additionalinvestmentswouldbeneededfornewhydrogenfuelingstationstobebuiltandforconsumerstopurchasenewhydrogen-poweredcars.Hydrogenmustalsoovercomestoragehurdlestobecomemorewidelyusedinthetransportationmarket.Hydrogenisthesmallestandlightestatomintheuniverse.Asagas,hydrogeneasilydiffusesintomaterialsandleaksfromcontainers.Hydrogenmoleculesspreadouteasily,makingthegasbulkytostore.Tocontainhydrogengas,itmustbehighlypressurizedandstoredinspecializedleak-prooftanks.Thesechallengeshavecausedhydrogentanksincarstobeexpensive,heavy,