2/2順義一中2022-2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高一年級期中考試英語試卷第一部分知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題,每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握大意，然后從各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳答案，并在答題紙上將該選項涂黑。In2020,13-year-oldAdcolaOlagbegicaughtarareillness,andhadasuccessfuloperation.____1____,Adeolaisnowoutofhospital.Whilehewasrecovering,hefoundoutthathewasqualifiedfora(n)____2____toaskforadreamwishfromMake-A-WishFoundation.WhilemanyteenswouldchooseaDisneytripormeetafavouritefigure,Adcola____3____chosetofeedthehomeless.TheMake-A-WishFoundationisfamousforbrighteningthelivesofchildren____4____illnessesbyrealizingtheirwishes.Awishalwaysincludeshavingsomethingorgoingsomewhere.However,Adcola’swishtogivecameasa____5____totheorganization,asAdcola’sgenerouswishwasthefirstofitskindintheorganization’s35-yearhistory.“Whenhesoeasilyofferstohelpothers,youjusthavetosay,that’sa(n)kindyoungman,”saidLinda,anofficialoftheorganization.Shewas____6____withtheteen’skindnessandsenseof____7____.Adcolathinkshispastexperiencesvolunteeringwithhisfamilyintheircommunityarewhat____8____himtomakethegivingwish.Whendecidingwhattodowiththeunexpectedchance,theonethingthatwasthemostimportanttohimwasthathiswishhadalong-lasting____9____.“Mymumalwayssaysit’sluckytobesomeone_____10_____,soIjustwantedtodosomethingforotherpeopletomakeitlastlonger,”Adcolaexplained.1.A.Hopefully B.Naturally C.Frankly D.Thankfully2.A.opportunity B.interview C.goal D.promise3.A.anyway B.therefore C.instead D.moreover4.A.takingon B.sufferingfrom C.lookingthrough D.gettingoff5.A.pleasure B.success C.disappointment D.surprise6.A.confused B.affected C.impressed D.strict7.A.honour B.humour C.relief D.responsibility8.A.inspire B.force C.permit D.remind9.A.memory B.faith C.impact D.appreciation10.A.professional B.helpful C.powerful D.amazing【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.B5.D6.C7.D8.A9.C10.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了13歲的AdcolaOlagbegi在病愈之后獲得了一個向“愿望成真基金會”許愿的機會，他沒有為自己許愿，而是希望能幫助無家可歸的人。【1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：2020年，13歲的AdcolaOlagbegi患了一種罕見的疾病，并成功地做了手術(shù)。謝天謝地，阿黛拉現(xiàn)在出院了。A.Hopefully有希望地，有前途地；B.Naturally自然地，天然地；C.Frankly坦率地，直率地；D.Thankfully感謝地；根據(jù)前面的caughtarareillness可知，這里是說AdcolaOlagbegi很幸運的治療成功并出院了。故選D項。【2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他在恢復(fù)的時候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)他有資格獲得一個機會向許愿基金會請求一個夢想的愿望。A.opportunity機會；B.interview采訪，面試；C.goal目標(biāo)；D.promise承諾。根據(jù)后文的toaskforadreamwish可知這里是說有許愿的機會。故選A項。【3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)許多青少年選擇去迪士尼旅行或見到最喜歡的人物時，Adcola卻選擇了給無家可歸的人提供食物。A.anyway不管怎樣，無論如何；B.therefore因此；C.instead代替，頂替，反而；D.moreover此外，而且。根據(jù)前文的manyteenswouldchooseaDisneytripormeetafavouritefigure可知，這里是說Adcola的愿望和他們都不一樣，表示一種轉(zhuǎn)折。故選C項。【4題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：夢想成真基金會以實現(xiàn)患有疾病的兒童的愿望而聞名于世。A.takingon承擔(dān)；呈現(xiàn)；B.sufferingfrom忍受，遭受；患……病；C.lookingthrough瀏覽，溫習(xí)；D.gettingoff下車；根據(jù)后面的illnesses可知這里是說患病的兒童。故選B項。【5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，Adcola的愿望給該組織帶來了一個驚喜，因為Adcola的慷慨愿望是該組織35年歷史上的第一次。A.pleasure快樂；B.success成功，勝利；C.disappointment失望，沮喪；D.surprise意外之事；驚奇，驚訝。根據(jù)后文asAdcola’sgenerouswishwasthefirstofitskindintheorganization’s35-yearhistory可知，這個愿望是35年來的第一次，所以對于該組織來說是一個驚喜。故選D項。【6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她對這個青少年的善良和責(zé)任感印象深刻。A.confused困惑的，糊涂的；B.affected做作的，不自然的；C.impressed欽佩的，印象深刻的；D.strict要求嚴(yán)格的，嚴(yán)厲的。根據(jù)前文“Whenhesoeasilyofferstohelpothers,youjusthavetosay,that’sa(n)kindyoungman,”saidLinda,anofficialoftheorganization.可知，Linda對于這個青少年印象深刻。故選C項。【7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她對這個青少年的善良和責(zé)任感印象深刻。A.honour尊敬；榮幸；B.humour幽默，幽默感；C.relief寬慰，輕松；D.responsibility.責(zé)任，負責(zé)。根據(jù)前文Adcolainsteadchosetofeedthehomeless可知，這里是說Adcola選擇去幫助無家可歸的人的行為是很有責(zé)任感的行為。故選D項。【8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Adcola認為他過去和家人在社區(qū)做志愿者的經(jīng)歷是激勵他許愿的原因。A.inspire激勵，鼓舞；B.force強迫；C.permit批準(zhǔn)，許可；D.remind提醒，使想起。根據(jù)前文hispastexperiencesvolunteeringwithhisfamilyintheircommunity可知這里是說他過去的經(jīng)歷激勵他做這個幫助別人的決定。故選A項。【9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在決定如何處理這個意外的機會時，對他來說最重要的一件事是他的愿望有一個持久的影響。A.memory記憶力，記性；B.faith信任，信心，信念；C.impact巨大影響，強大作用；D.appreciation欣賞，鑒賞；感激，感謝。根據(jù)后文soIjustwantedtodosomethingforotherpeopletomakeitlastlonger可知這里是說Adcola希望他的愿望有更長遠的影響。故選C項。【10題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Adcola解釋說:“我媽媽總是說，成為有幫助的人是幸運的，所以我只是想為別人做點什么，讓它持續(xù)得更久。”A.professional職業(yè)的，專業(yè)的；B.helpful有幫助的，有用的；C.powerful強大的，有影響力的；D.amazing驚人的，了不起的。根據(jù)上文理解，Adcola幫助無家可歸的人是想成為有幫助的人。故選B項。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題,每小題1.5分，滿分15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Mrs.Baileywasimportantintheeducationaljourneythatcarriedmethroughschoolandintomyprofession.UntilIjoinedherclass,Ihadn’tbelievedinmyabilityasawriter.Shesuccessfullyadvisedme___11___(join)thepoetrysocietyandlitinmeafireforliterature.Sherecognized___12___(I)potential(潛力)andshowedmethatIcouldwritewithcreativityandenthusiasm.Becauseoftheconfidencesheinspiredinme,I’vecarvedouta___13___(success)professionasajournalist.【答案】11.tojoin12.my13.successful【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，作者主要講述Bailey夫人在自己的求學(xué)之旅中的重要作用，使作者最終成為了一個成功的記者。【11題詳解】考查動詞不定式。句意：她成功地勸我加入了詩社，在我心中點燃了文學(xué)之火。advisesbtodosth為固定搭配，意為“建議某人做某事”，用動詞不定式作賓語補足語。故填tojoin。【12題詳解】考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意：她發(fā)現(xiàn)了我的潛力，并向我展示了我可以帶著創(chuàng)造力和熱情寫作。此處應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞作定語，修飾名詞potential。故填my。【13題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：因為她激發(fā)了我對她的信心，我成為了一個成功的記者。空處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語，修飾名詞profession，successful“成功的”，形容詞。故填successful。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Ilovemycampusverymuch.IthasalotofbuildingstraditionalinChinesestylebutmoderninequipment.Havingclassesinthemalways___14___(make)mefeelexcitedwiththebusyworldandrelaxedaboutthelonghistoryofournation.Outofthehousesarebeautifulgardens___15___(surround)bytrees.Inthemorningwereadaloudbythelakeorbehindthehill.TheairissofreshandsweetthatveryoftenIthinkhow___16___(luck)Iamtostudyinsuchabeautifulcampus.【答案】14.makes15.surrounded16.lucky【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者在文章中介紹和贊美了自己的母校。【14題詳解】考查主謂一致。句意：在里面上課總是讓我對繁忙的世界感到興奮和對我們國家的悠久歷史感到放松。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知make作句子的謂語，主語為動名詞Havingclasses(上課)，根據(jù)主謂一致原則，動名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，根據(jù)狀語“always(總是)”以及句子內(nèi)容在陳述客觀事實可知，時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時。故填makes。【15題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：房子外面是美麗的花園，周圍都是樹。根據(jù)句子中使用了系動詞are可知，surround在句子中作非謂語動詞，根據(jù)介詞by和句意可知，surround與邏輯主語gardens(花園)之間為被動關(guān)系，所以使用過去分詞，表示被動，作gardens的后置定語。故填surrounded。【16題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：空氣是如此的新鮮和甜蜜，我經(jīng)常想我是多么幸運能在這樣一個美麗的校園學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)“Iam”可知，需要使用形容詞作表語，luck(幸運)的形容詞為lucky。故填lucky。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Ifyouhavebeenfishing,youknowhowharditistocatchareallybigfish.Onereasonisthatitisdifficulttofindtheexactpositionofthefish.Theotherreasonisthatbigfishwon’tjustjumpintheboatoncethey____17____(locate).Yearsago,amannamedAlfDean____18____(overcome)bothdifficulties.DeanwentfishingoffthecoastofSouthAustralia.Hepulledinagreatwhitesharkthatweighed2,664poundsandmeasuredoversixteenfeetinlength.Thatis____19____(big)fishevercaughtbyasingleperson.【答案】17.arelocated18.overcame19.thebiggest【解析】這是一篇記敘文。抓到一條非常大的魚是很難的，但是多年前，一個名叫阿爾夫·迪恩的人抓到了迄今為止一個人釣到的最大的魚。【17題詳解】考查一般現(xiàn)在時和被動語態(tài)。句意：另一個原因是大魚一旦被找到不會直接跳上船。此處講述客觀事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。動詞locate和主語they構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系。故填arelocated。【18題詳解】考查一般過去時。句意：多年前，一個名叫阿爾夫·迪恩的人克服了這兩個困難。根據(jù)“Yearsago”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填overcame。【19題詳解】考查形容詞最高級。句意：這是迄今為止一個人釣到的最大的魚。根據(jù)ever可知，此處是指迄今為止一個人釣到的最大的魚，應(yīng)用形容詞最高級。故填thebiggest。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題,每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下面短文，從各題A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案。并在答題紙上將該選項涂黑。AAirlineInfoBookaflightTheManhattanRegionalAirport(MHK)offersdailyRegionalJetservicetoChicagoO’Hare(ORD)andDallas/FortWorth(DFW).Withjustoneconnectionyoucantraveltomorethan200domesticandalmost100internationaldestinations.Justvisitairfarewatchdog.comtobookyourflighttoday.SchedulePleasechecktheFlightStatusonourmainpageorwithAmericanAirlines(AA.Com)forthelatestinformation.DeparturesFlightDepartsArrivesDestinationDays34435:50a.m.7:29a.m.Chicago’OHareDaily35706:24a.m.7:50a.m.Dallas/FortWorthDailyexTueWed355411:05a.m.12:29p.m.Dallas/FortWorthTueWedOnly41793:01p.m.4:29p.m.Dallas/FortWorthMonThuFriSatOnly35894:03p.m.5:45p.m.ChicagoO’HareMonThuFriSunOnly41795:25p.m.6:52p.m.Dallas/FortWorthSundayOnlyArrivalsFlightDepartsArrivesFromDays417912:55p.m.2:28p.m.Dallas/FortWorthDailyexSunday35891:30p.m.3:18p.m.ChicagoO’HareDaily41793:15p.m.4:44p.m.DallasFortWorthSundayOnly35328:25p.m.10:09p.m.ChicagoO’HareMonThuFriSatOnly35239:05p.m.10:35p.m.Dallas/FortWorthDailyexTueWedNoticeScheduleEffectiveJuly8th—August4th2020DFWServiceisprovidedonERJ-175ORDServiceisprovidedonERJ-145Pleasearrive1hourand30minutesbeforedeparturetime.Ticketcountercloses45minutesbeforedeparturetime.Screeningstartsabout45minutesbeforedeparturetime.20.WhenwouldyouleaveonTuesdayfromMHKtoORD?A5:50a.m. B.1:30p.m. C.4:03p.m. D.8:25p.m.21.WhichflightwouldyoutakeifyougofromDFWtoMHKonMondaynight?A.3589. B.4179. C.3532. D.3523.22.WhatshouldyoudoifyouwanttotakeaflightfromMHKtoDFW?A.BuyanERJ-145ticketaheadoftime.B.FollowthescheduleafterAugust4th2020.C.Checkinatleast45minutesearlierthandeparturetime.D.Arriveattheairportonehourearlierbeforedeparturetime.【答案】20.A21.D22.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文主要介紹了關(guān)于MHK機場的一些航班信息。包括它的航班飛往的目的地、出發(fā)和到達的時間、飛行的日期安排以及訂票的注意事項等等。【20題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“TheManhattanRegionalAirport(MHK)offersdailyRegionalJetservicetoChicagoO’Hare(ORD)andDallas/FortWorth(DFW).(曼哈頓地區(qū)機場[MHK]每天提供飛往芝加哥奧黑爾[ORD]和達拉斯/沃斯堡[DFW]的支線飛機服務(wù))”以及Departures部分中3443航班信息可知，周二從曼哈頓地區(qū)機場飛往芝加哥奧黑爾的航班是上午五點五十分出發(fā)。故選A。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Arrivals部分中3523航班信息可知3523航班，晚上9:05從Dallas或FortWorth出發(fā)，晚上10:35到達曼哈頓地區(qū)機場（MHK），且除了周二和周三，每天都有航班。故如果你星期一晚上要從DFW到MHK，你可以搭乘3523航班。故選D。【22題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Notice部分中“Ticketcountercloses45minutesbeforedeparturetime.(檢票處于出發(fā)時間前45分鐘關(guān)閉)”可知，如果你想乘飛機從MHK飛往DFW，你應(yīng)該至少提前45分鐘辦理登機手續(xù)。故選C。BSincetheageofthree,ChelsieHillhaddreamedofbecomingadancer.Thatambitionnearlyendedin2010whenHillwasinacaraccident,whichputthe17-year-oldhighschoolseniorinhospitalfor51daysandleftherparalyzedfromthewaistdown.Formostpeople,thatwouldhavedestroyedanyhopeofadancingcareer.ButforHill,itwasthebeginning.Farfrombeingabarrier,herwheelchairencouragedhertofight.“IwanttoprovetoeveryoneincludingmyselfthatI'mstillnormal,”shesaid,“whatevernormalmeans.”Normalforhermeantdancing,soHilldiditinherwheelchairalongsidehernondisabledhighschooldanceteam.Halfofherbodywastakenawayfromher,soshehadtomoveitwithherhands.Ittookmuchlearningandpatience.Aftergraduationfromhighschool,Hillwantedtoexpandherdancenetworktoincludewomenlikeher.Shemetpeopleonlinewhowerefightingforthedreamofdancingagainstvariousspinal(脊椎的)injuries,andinvitedthemtodancewithher.Toreachmorepeopleinalargercity,HillmovedtoLosAngelesin2014andformedateamofdancerswithdisabilitiesshecalledtheRollettes.EveryyearHillholdsadancecampcalledtheRollettesExperienceforwheelchairuserstohelpthembringouttheiractingtalent.In2019,173participantsfromtencountriesattended.Formany,itwasthefirsttimethey’dfelttheybelonged.EdnaSerranosaidthatbeingpartoftheRollettesteamgaveherthecouragetogetbehindthewheelofacar.“Ididn'tknowIcoulddosomanythingsthatmyfellowteammateshadtaughtme.”shesaid.“Ididn’tknowIcouldbesexy.It’ssopowerfultohavemyteammatesinmylife,becausethey'remyteachers.Ihavemoreconfidence.”ChelsieHillattainedwhatmanyofusneverwill:herchildhooddream.Shehasbeenchasingherdreaminthewheelchair.She’sadancer.TheRolletteshavehelpedherfindsomethingelsejustasfulfilling.23.WhathappenedtoChelsieHillin2010?A.Shegaveupherhopeofdancing.B.Shesufferedfromaseriousdisease.C.Sherealizedherdreamofbecomingadancer.D.Shewasseverelydisabledduetoacaraccident.24.WhydidChelsieHillsetuptheRollettesin2014?A.Tomotivatemorepeoplelikeher. B.Toenlargeherdancebusiness.C.Toseekmorechancestodance. D.Toexpandhersocialnetwork.25.WhatchangedidtheRolleltesExperiencebringtoEdnaSerrano?A.Shecouldhelpothers. B.Shehadmorefaithinherself.C.Shelearnedhowtodrive. D.Shebecamesexierthanbefore.26.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeChelsieHill?A.Modestandprofessional. B.Responsibleandcreative.C.Determinedandinspiring. D.Cooperativeandgenerous.【答案】23.D24.A25.B26.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了遭遇車禍而下肢癱瘓的切爾西·希爾繼續(xù)追求自己的舞蹈夢想并激勵更多殘疾人的故事。【23題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thatambitionnearlyendedin2010whenHillwasinacaraccident,whichputthe17-year-oldhighschoolseniorinhospitalfor51daysandleftherparalyzedfromthewaistdown.”可知，2010年，希爾遭遇了一場（嚴(yán)重的）車禍，住了51天院，腰部以下癱瘓，故D項正確。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的““IwanttoprovetoeveryoneincludingmyselfthatI'mstillnormal,”shesaid,“whatevernormalmeans.””可知，希爾說：“我想向包括我自己在內(nèi)的所有人證明，我仍然是正常人，不管正常意味著什么”；再結(jié)合第三段中的“Toreachmorepeopleinalargercity,HillmovedtoLosAngelesin2014andformedateamofdancerswithdisabilitiesshecalledtheRollettes.”可知，為了接觸到更大城市的更多人，希爾于2014年搬到了洛杉磯，并組建了一個名為“Rollettes”的殘疾人舞蹈團，由此判斷出，希爾組建Rollettes殘疾人舞蹈團是因為她想激勵更多像她一樣的人，故A項正確。【25題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Ihavemoreconfidence.”可知，埃德娜塞拉諾說她在參加RollettesExperience舞蹈夏令營后變得更加自信了，故B項正確。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ButforHill,itwasthebeginning.Farfrombeingabarrier,herwheelchairencouragedhertofight.“IwanttoprovetoeveryoneincludingmyselfthatI'mstillnormal,”shesaid,“whatevernormalmeans.””可知，對希爾來說，這只是個開始，她的輪椅非但不是障礙，反而激勵她與身體殘疾斗爭，她說：“我想向包括我自己在內(nèi)的所有人證明，我仍然是正常人，不管正常意味著什么”，根據(jù)第二段中的“Halfofherbodywastakenawayfromher,soshehadtomoveitwithherhands.Ittookmuchlearningandpatience.”可知，希爾下肢癱瘓，所以她不得不用手移動輪椅來跳舞，這需要很多的學(xué)習(xí)和耐心，這兩點說明希爾的意志很堅定；再根據(jù)第三段中的“Toreachmorepeopleinalargercity,HillmovedtoLosAngelesin2014andformedateamofdancerswithdisabilitiesshecalledtheRollettes.”可知，為了在更大城市接觸到更多的人（為了激勵更多和她一樣的人），希爾于2014年搬到了洛杉磯并組建了一個名為“Rollettes”的殘疾人舞蹈團，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“EveryyearHillholdsadancecampcalledtheRollettesExperienceforwheelchairuserstohelpthembringouttheiractingtalent.”可知，希爾每年都為坐輪椅的人舉辦一個名為RollettesExperience的舞蹈夏令營，幫助他們發(fā)揮表演才能，這兩點說明她非常鼓舞人心，故C項正確。【點睛】涉及到人物性格特點的推理判斷題難度較大，抓住文中人物的語言、動作或事跡是關(guān)鍵，因為這些細節(jié)描寫最能體現(xiàn)出人物的性格特點，例如本篇第4題，根據(jù)第一段中的“ButforHill,itwasthebeginning.Farfrombeingabarrier,herwheelchairencouragedhertofight.“IwanttoprovetoeveryoneincludingmyselfthatI'mstillnormal,”shesaid,“whatevernormalmeans.””可知，對希爾來說，這只是個開始，她的輪椅非但不是障礙，反而激勵她與身體殘疾斗爭，她說：“我想向包括我自己在內(nèi)的所有人證明，我仍然是正常人，不管正常意味著什么”，根據(jù)第二段中的“Halfofherbodywastakenawayfromher,soshehadtomoveitwithherhands.Ittookmuchlearningandpatience.”可知，希爾下肢癱瘓，所以她不得不用手移動輪椅來跳舞，這需要很多的學(xué)習(xí)和耐心，這兩點說明希爾的意志很堅定；再根據(jù)第三段中的“Toreachmorepeopleinalargercity,HillmovedtoLosAngelesin2014andformedateamofdancerswithdisabilitiesshecalledtheRollettes.”可知，為了在更大城市接觸到更多的人（為了激勵更多和她一樣的人），希爾于2014年搬到了洛杉磯并組建了一個名為“Rollettes”的殘疾人舞蹈團，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“EveryyearHillholdsadancecampcalledtheRollettesExperienceforwheelchairuserstohelpthembringouttheiractingtalent.”可知，希爾每年都為坐輪椅的人舉辦一個名為RollettesExperience的舞蹈夏令營，幫助他們發(fā)揮表演才能，這兩點說明她非常鼓舞人心，由此可知，希爾的一直非常堅定，而且還非常鼓舞人心，故C項正確。CElectricCarsWheredocarsgettheirenergyfrom?Formostcars,theanswerispetrol.Butsomecarsuseelectricity.Thesecarshavespecialmotorsthatgettheirpowerfromlargebatteries.Mostpeopletendtothinkofelectriccarsasanewinvention,buttheyhavebeenaroundforalongtime.Theywerepopularwhenthetechnologyforpetrolengineswasnotveryadvanced.Recently,electriccarshaveagainbecomepopularbecausepeoplewantcarsthatpolluteless.Electriccarsarebetterthanpetrolcarsinseveralways.Thebiggestbenefitisreducedpollution.Inareaswherethereisahighpercentageofelectriccars,thereislesspollution.Butitisimportanttounderstandthatelectriccarsstillcausepollution.Rememberthattheelectricitytopowerelectriccarshastocomefromsomewhere,whichismostlikelyapowerstation.Unlessthesepowerstationsrunonsolarorwindenergy,theyaremostlikelyburningcoalandoiltomakeelectricity.Thesecondbenefitofelectriccarsisareductioninthedependenceonforeignoil.Thereareseveralcountries,includingtheUnitedStates,whichdon’twanttorelyonoilcomingfromothercountriestopowertheirtransportationsystems.Theywantthepowertocomefromwithintheircountry,andsinceelectriccarscanrunonelectricityfromcoalornuclearpowerstations,thereislessofaneedtoimportoil.Despitethebenefitsofelectriccars,therearesomeproblemswiththemaswell.Onedisadvantageisthatelectriccarsaremoreexpensivethanpetrolcars.Thisismostlyduetothehighcostofthebatteriesthesecarsneed.Electriccarsrunonbatteries,justlikeamobilephonedoes.Butunlikeamobilephone,youcannotchargeyourelectriccar’sbatterybypluggingitintoawall.Theyneedtobechargedinspecialplaces.Now,thereisalackofplaceswherepeoplecanchargethebatteries.Anotherproblemisthatelectriccarscannottravelasfaraspetrolcars.Somepeopleareafraidthatthebatterywillrunoutofelectricity(andthecarwillstop)beforetheyreachtheirdestination.Despitetheseproblems,manypeople,includingautomobileindustryexperts,believethatthepercentageofelectriccarswillincreaseinthefuture.27.What’sthemainideaofParagraph3?A.Electriccarsmakesomecountriesindependent.B.Electriccarscausenopollutiontotheenvironment.C.Electriccarshavesomeadvantagesoverpetrolcars.D.Electriccarsneedelectricityfromsolarorwindenergy.28.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedastheshortcomingsofelectriccars?A.Electriccarsneedspecialmotorstogetpower.B.Petrolcarsarecheaperthanelectriccars.C.Petrolcarscantravelfartherthanelectriccars.D.Electriccarsneedspecialplacestogetcharged.29.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_________.A.electriccarswilltaketheplaceofpetrolcarsB.nooneholdshopeforelectriccarsatpresentC.electriccarswastemoreenergythanbeforeD.moreandmorepeoplewilluseelectriccars【答案】27.C28.A29.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述電動車的優(yōu)缺點及前景。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Electriccarsarebetterthanpetrolcarsinseveralways.Thebiggestbenefitisreducedpollution.Inareaswherethereisahighpercentageofelectriccars,thereislesspollution.Butitisimportanttounderstandthatelectriccarsstillcausepollution.Rememberthattheelectricitytopowerelectriccarshastocomefromsomewhere,whichismostlikelyapowerstation.Unlessthesepowerstationsrunonsolarorwindenergy,theyaremostlikelyburningcoalandoiltomakeelectricity.Thesecondbenefitofelectriccarsisareductioninthedependenceonforeignoil.(電動車在幾個方面都比汽油車更好。最大的好處是減少污染。在電動車比例較高的地區(qū)，污染較少。但重要的是要了解電動車仍然會造成污染。請記住，為電動車供電的電力必須來自某個地方，這很可能是一個發(fā)電站。除非這些發(fā)電站使用太陽能或風(fēng)能，否則它們很可能燃燒煤炭和石油來發(fā)電。電動車的第二個好處是減少了對外國石油的依賴。)”可知，第三段主要介紹與汽油車相比，電動車的優(yōu)點。故選C。【28題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Despitethebenefitsofelectriccars,therearesomeproblemswiththemaswell.Onedisadvantageisthatelectriccarsaremoreexpensivethanpetrolcars.Thisismostlyduetothehighcostofthebatteriesthesecarsneed.Electriccarsrunonbatteries,justlikeamobilephonedoes.Butunlikeamobilephone,youcannotchargeyourelectriccar’sbatterybypluggingitintoawall.Theyneedtobechargedinspecialplaces.Now,thereisalackofplaceswherepeoplecanchargethebatteries.Anotherproblemisthatelectriccarscannottravelasfaraspetrolcars.Somepeopleareafraidthatthebatterywillrunoutofelectricity(andthecarwillstop)beforetheyreachtheirdestination.(盡管電動車有好處，但它們也存在一些問題。一個缺點是電動車比汽油車貴。這主要是由于這些車所需的電池成本很高。電動車使用電池運行，就像手機一樣。但與手機不同的是，你不能通過將電動汽車的電池插入墻壁來為其充電。它們需要在特殊的地方充電。現(xiàn)在，人們?nèi)狈梢詾殡姵爻潆姷牡胤健Ａ硪粋€問題是電動汽車不能像汽油車那樣行駛得那么遠。有些人擔(dān)心電池在到達目的地之前會耗盡電量。)”可知，汽油車比電動車更便宜，行駛得更遠。電動車需要在特定的地方充電。文章并未提及電動車需要特殊的電機來獲得動力，A項錯誤，故選A。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Despitetheseproblems,manypeople,includingautomobileindustryexperts,believethatthepercentageofelectriccarswillincreaseinthefuture.(盡管存在這些問題，但包括汽車行業(yè)專家在內(nèi)的許多人認為，未來電動汽車的比例將會增加。)”可知，專家認為電動車的市場占比會增加。故推知未來會有更多人使用電動車，故選D。DBasically,withoutthepossibilityoffailure,thereislittlepossibilityofsuccess.Educationisindangerofbecomingabranchoftheentertainmentindustry.Althougheducationshouldindeedbeentertainingwherepossible,itcannotalwaysbefun.Often,itneedsthe"hardyards".Someeducationalistsfeelthatifsomethingcausesworryitshouldbeavoidedatallcosts,Iwoulddisagree.Facinguptochallengeshelpsdevelopchildren.Avoidingchallengescanseverelylimittheirpotential.Tougherchildrenareabletotryandfail.Thelesstoughmaysimplyfailtotryanythingnew.I’mnotadvocatingputtingchildrenunderpressure.Therealdebateisperhapswhatpressuresareunavoidable.It'snotabout"throwingchildrenintothedeepend",butratherencouragingthemtoputtheirfootinthewaterandgivingthemtheskillstofloat.ThislatterapproachisbasicallytheworkIandmyteamdoattheUniversityofHull.Wemeasurementaltoughnessandthenprovideinterventionstoimprovethis.Theseinterventionsincludepsychologicalskillssuchasgoalsetting,relaxationandthoughtcontrol.So,forexample,manychildrenwillsay:"Whathappensifitgoeswrong?"Weworkhardtochangethissothatthesentencereads:"Whathappensifitgoesright?"Oneworddifference,butaworldawaywhenthinkingaboutchallenges.Wetrytohelpchildrendealmoreeffectivelywithlifeusingathree-stepapproach.Firstly,itisimportanttosetrealisticandachievablegoals.Thenitisamatteroffindingoutwhatfactors(因素)arehelpingchildrentoachievethesegoalsandwhatfactorsareworkingagainstthis.Thefinalstepistodiscoverwhichofthesefactorscanbecontrolled,oratleastinfluenced,andwhatfactorsthechildisinrealitystuckwith.Redirectingchildren'senergiestomovableobstacles(障礙)canproducehugelifechanges.However,Ithinkthatformostofuswehavebecomestressaverse(反對的)andoverreacttoit.Ithasalwaysbeenthere,andithasalwaysbeenthecasethatsomepeopleenjoyit,someneedhelptodealwithitandsomepeople'slivesareruinedbyit.Showingourchildrenthatstresscanbefacedwithandbeatenoffersthemawayforward.Themoreafearisavoided,thebiggeritgets.30.Fromthepassage,weknowthewriterbelieves____________.A.educationneedschallengesB.educationshouldalwaysbefunC.childrenshouldavoidfacingchallengesD.themorechallenges,thebetterforthechildren31.Thewriterdisagreedwithsomeeducationalistsbecause________________.A.somechildrenarelesstoughB.somepressuresareavoidableC.somechallengesdogoodtochildrenD.somechildrenareunawareoftheirpotential32.WhatdothewriterandhisteamdoattheUniversityofHull?A.Recordwhatthechildrendoinstressfulsituations.B.Makethechildrentoughermentallyandphysically.C.Putthechildrenunderpressurebygivingthemchallenges.D.Givethechildrenchallengesandsuggestsuitableapproaches.33.Whatisthecorrectattitudetowardsstressaccordingtothewriter?A.Weshouldtryourbesttoavoidstress.B.Weshouldlovestressbecausestressisunavoidable.C.Weshouldputourselvestothetestinstressfulsituations.D.Weshouldexperiencestressandlearnskillstodealwithit.【答案】30.A31.C32.D33.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講述教育現(xiàn)在面臨很多的挑戰(zhàn)，這些挑戰(zhàn)既有好處又有弊端。【30題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句Facinguptochallengeshelpsdevelopchildren.可知，面對挑戰(zhàn)有利于使孩子們成長，即作者認為教育需要挑戰(zhàn)。故選A。【31題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Someeducationalistsfeelthatifsomethingcausesworryitshouldbeavoidedatallcosts,Iwoulddisagree.(一些教育學(xué)家認為，如果某件事引起了擔(dān)憂，就應(yīng)該不惜一切代價避免，我不同意這種看法)以及第二段第三句Facinguptochallengeshelpsdevelopchildren.(面對挑戰(zhàn)有助于孩子的成長)可知，作者不同意一些教育專家的意見，因為他認為面對挑戰(zhàn)對孩子們的發(fā)展有好處，故選C。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句…encouragingthemtoputtheirfootinthewaterandgivingthemtheskillstofloat提到，作者的方法是鼓勵孩子們踏入水中，然后教給他們漂浮的技巧，言下之意是通過讓他們?nèi)ッ媾R挑戰(zhàn)來教給他們合適的應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)的方法。而第四段開頭提到，這種方法正是基于在Hull大學(xué)的實驗，隨后具體介紹了實驗的內(nèi)容，故D選項“給孩子們挑戰(zhàn)，并建議適當(dāng)?shù)姆椒ā狈衔囊狻９蔬xD。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句Showingourchildrenthatstresscanbefacedwithandbeatenoffersthemawayforward.(讓我們的孩子知道壓力是可以面對和戰(zhàn)勝的，這為他們提供了前進的道路)可推知，作者認為對待壓力的正確態(tài)度是應(yīng)該去經(jīng)歷壓力然后學(xué)會解決方法，故選D。【點睛】態(tài)度、觀點及感受類推理判斷題。高考閱讀理解題中有些題目考查考生對文章作者的思想、人物性格傾向等方面的理解。對于判斷情感態(tài)度類題目，考生需要分析段落大意、作者的思路，理解了文章的段落大意、中心思想后，才能判斷出作者的情感態(tài)度。學(xué)會辨別清楚文章的體裁。如第四小題，根據(jù)最后一段第一句Showingourchildrenthatstresscanbefacedwithandbeatenoffersthemawayforward.(讓我們的孩子知道壓力是可以面對和戰(zhàn)勝的，這為他們提供了前進的道路)可推知，作者認為對待壓力的正確態(tài)度是應(yīng)該去經(jīng)歷壓力然后學(xué)會解決方法，故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題,每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩處為多余選項。Areyoutrulyhappy?Doyoueverknowwhatitmeanstobehappyandwhatittakestoachievehappiness？___34___ThefollowingareafewtipsthatIfollowtocreatehappinessinmylife.●MakeaplanforattaininggoalsthatyoubelievewillmakeyouhappyYourmoodswillverylikelyimproveifyouaregoingaftersomethingyouvalue.●Surroundyourselfwithhappypeople.Itiseasytobegintothinknegativelywhenyouaresurroundedbypeoplewhothinkthatway.___35___●Whensomethinggoeswrong,trytofigureoutasolutioninsteadofbeingabsorbedinself－pity.Trulyhappypeopledon'tallowsetbackstoaffecttheirmoodbecausetheyknowthatwithalittlethoughttheycanturnthecircumstancesbacktotheirfavour.●___36___Thesefewminuteswillgiveyoutheopportunitytofocusonthepositivethingsinyourlifeandwillleadyoutocontinuoushappiness.●___37___Whetheryoutreatyourselftolunch,takealong,relaxingbathorsimplyspendafewextraminutesonyourappearance,youwillbesubconsciously(下意識地)puttingyourselfinabettermood.●Findingthehumourinsituationscanalsoleadtohappiness.●Keepinghealthyisanotherwaytoachievehappiness.___38___A.Therearesometipsinlifethatleadtohappiness.B.Spendafewminuteseachdaythinkingaboutthethingsthatmakeyouhappy.C.It'salsoimportanttotakesometimeeachdaytodosomethingniceforyourself.D.Theseareimportantquestionsforanyonewhoisseekinghappinesstoaskthemselves.E.Beingoverweightornoteatingnutritiousfoodscanhaveanegativeeffectonyourmood.F.Whatmakesonepersonhappymaybeverydifferentfromwhatmakessomeoneelsehappy.G.Onthecontrary,ifyouarearoundpeoplewhoarehappy,theiremotionalstatewillbeinfec