江蘇省蘇州市2020-2021學年高一上學期期中考試英語試題注意事項：1.試卷分為第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題），滿分150分。考試時間120分鐘。2.請將第I卷的答案填涂在答題卡上，第II卷請直接在答題卡上規定的地方作答。答題前，學生務必將自己的學校、姓名、調研序列號等相關信息寫在答題卡上規定的地方。第I卷選擇題（共95分）第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）略第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ACamberwellCollegeSwimmingPoolsCamberwellCollegeofArtshasone50m(Olympicsized)poolwithadepthof2mthroughout,andone25mpoolwitha1mshallowendanda4mdeepend.Bothpoolsmaybeusedbythegeneralpublicatcertaintimes.50mPoolThepoolisoftenusedforclasses,butthegeneralpublicmayusetwolanes（泳道）forlaneswimmingatthefollowingtimes.Monday:06:30-11:30and19:00-21:00Tuesday:06:30-11:30and18:00-21:00Wednesday:06:30-13:30and17:30-21:30Thursday:06:30-13:30Friday:06:30-13:30Weekends:09:00-17:00Childrenundertheageof14mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.PleasenotethatduringCollegeholidays,thesetimeswillbedifferent.Call04837393560forup-to-dateinformation.25mPoolThe25mpoolisavailableforrecreational(non-lane)swimmingfrom07:00-09:00and12:30-13:30onweekdays,and10:00-16:00onSaturdays.Childrenaged12andundermustbeaccompanied.Weregretthatthe25mpoolwillbeclosedforredecorationbetween21stJulyand18thAugust.Themen’schangingroomswillbeclosedfortheweekbeginning19thAugust,andthewomen’schangingroomswillbeclosedthefollowingweek.Alternative（可選用的）changingroomswillbemadeavailable.We’resorryforthis.1.Whencanthegeneralpublicusethe50mpoolonSundays?A.06:30. B.13:30.C.18:00. D.21:00.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthe50mpool?A.It’s4metersdeep. B.It’susuallyusedforteaching.C.It’sunsuitableforchildrenunder14. D.It’sunavailableduringCollegeholidays.3.The25mpoolwillbeclosed________.A.foraweek B.on26thAugustC.on19thAugust D.foraboutamonth【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了CamberwellCollege兩個游泳池的詳細情況，對公眾的開放時間以及注意事項。1題詳解】細節理解題。根據50mPool中“Weekends:09:00-17:00”可知50米的游泳池在周末對公眾開放的時間是09:00-17:00，四個選項中只有13:30在此時間段內，故選B。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據50mPool中“Thepoolisoftenusedforclasses”可知，該泳池經常用于教學。故選B。【3題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段“the25mpoolwillbeclosedforredecorationbetween21stJulyand18thAugust.”可知，25米的泳池將在7月21日到8月18日之間重新裝修，關閉大約1個月時間。故選D。【點睛】細節理解題具體方法與步驟如下：1.略讀材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。本文介紹了CamberwellCollege兩個游泳池的詳細情況，對公眾的開放時間，注意事項和情況通知。2.按文章的體裁，作者寫作的組織模式及有關的信息詞。如forexample,first,second…等預測應該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實。3.將精力放在尋找你所需要的細節上。快速通篇跳讀，全文掃視，找到細節出處，待找到含細節句子時，放慢速度，仔細核對比較內容，直至找到答案。如小題2考查文章細節，根據第一段one50m(Olympicsized)poolwithadepthof2mthroughout,可知這個游泳池的深度是2米，A錯誤。根據Thepoolisoftenusedforclasses可知這個泳池常用于教學，B正確。根據Childrenundertheageof14mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.可知14歲以下兒童必須在成人陪伴下游泳，不是不適合游泳。C錯誤。根據PleasenotethatduringCollegeholidays,thesetimeswillbedifferent.可知大學假期期間時間有所變動，不是不能使用。D錯誤。BLosingababytoothcanbefunforakid.Youcanputitunderyourpillowandlookforwardtofindingsomemoneythereinthemorning.Andthenyoucanwatchyournewpermanent(永恒的）toothgrowinitsplace.Butifapermanenttoothfallsout,that'saproblem.Thereisn'tanotheroneunderthegum（齒齦）thatcanreplaceit.Unfortunately,thishappenstosomeolderpeople.Andifpermanentteethfalloutorneedtobepulled,anolderpersonmightneeddentures.Dentures,knownasfalseteeth,areasetofreplacementteethforanyteeththataremissing.Therearepartialdentures,whichtaketheplaceofonlyafewteethandpreventtheothersfromchangingposition.Ifalltheteetharegone,thepersonwouldneedcompletedentures,whichreplaceeverytoothinthemouth.Denturescancausepainsatfirstbuttakelittletimetogetusedto.Theyalsoneedspecialcare.Theyshouldbebrusheddailywithaspecialdenturebrushandcleanserandsoaked(浸泡）indenturesolutionwhennotinthemouth.Denturesareimportantfortheoldbecause,withoutteeth,it'shardtosmile,talk,andeatproperly.Butitcanbealittleweirdifyouseesomeonetakeouthisorherdentures.Itcanalsobestrangetoseesomeone,likeagrandparent,withoutdenturesinbecauseheorshewon'thaveanyteeth.Trynottomakefunofthepersonbecausethiscouldcausehurtfeelings.Peopleusuallylosetheirpermanentteethduetoperiodontaldisease(牙周炎），orgumdisease,whichiscausedbybacteriathatattackthegums.Diseasedgumsaren'tstrongandhealthy,soteethcangetlooseandfallout.Olderpeopleoftenhavemanycavities(洞）thathavebeenfilledovertheyears,andthesefillingscanweakenovertime,leadingtomoretoothproblems.4.Ifoneofyourbabyteethfallsout,you_______A.shouldhaveafalsetoothfixedinitsplaceB.willgainapermanenttoothinfuture.C.havetoputitunderyourpillowatonceD.canexchangeitforsomemoney5.Apersonwearingdentures_________A.willexperienceunpleasantfeelingsatthebeginningB.willspendaverylongtimeadjustinghimselforherselftothemC.shouldbrushthemwithaspecialdenturebrusheveryfewdaysD.shouldusedenturesolutiontosoaktheminhisorhermouth6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Partialdenturescanpreventtheremainingteethfromchangingposition.B.Oldpeoplewillfindithardtosmile,talk,andeatproperlywithoutteeth.C.Aperson'steethwillpossiblygetlooseifdiseasesstrikehisgums.D.Itishardforapersontoweardenturesifallhisteethhavefallenout.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"weird"meaninthefifthparagraph?A.inconvenient B.excited C.strange D.impolite【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章對假牙的作用和重要性進行了說明。【詳解】1.細節理解題。根據第一段最后一句“Andthenyoucanwatchyournewpermanent(永恒的）toothgrowinitsplace.”（然后你就可以看到你的新恒牙在原來的地方生長了。）可知，當乳牙掉后，會有一顆新的恒牙長出來，故選B。2.細節理解題。根據第五段第一句“Denturescancausepainsatfirstbuttakelittletimetogetusedto.”（假牙一開始會引起疼痛，但很快就會習慣。）可知，戴假牙在剛開始時會產生疼痛，需要一段時間來適應，故選A。3.細節理解題。根據第四段第一句“Therearepartialdentures,whichtaketheplaceofonlyafewteethandpreventtheothersfromchangingposition.”（有部分假牙，它只能代替幾顆牙齒，防止其他牙齒改變位置。）可知，局部假牙可以防止剩余的牙齒改變位置，所以選項A正確，排除A；根據第六段第一句“Denturesareimportantfortheoldbecause,withoutteeth,it'shardtosmile,talk,andeatproperly.”（假牙對老年人很重要，因為沒有牙齒，就很難微笑、說話和正常飲食。）可知，老年人會發現沒有牙齒就很難微笑、說話和正常飲食，所以選項B正確，排除B；根據最后一段“Peopleusuallylosetheirpermanentteethduetoperiodontaldisease(牙周炎），orgumdisease,whichiscausedbybacteriathatattackthegums.Diseasedgumsaren'tstrongandhealthy,soteethcangetlooseandfallout.”（人們失去恒牙通常是由于牙周病或牙齦疾病，這種疾病是由攻擊牙齦的細菌引起的。患病的牙齦不結實不健康，所以牙齒會松動脫落。）可知，牙齦生病的話，人的牙齒可能會松動，所以選項C正確，排除C；根據第五段“Itcanalsobestrangetoseesomeone,likeagrandparent,withoutdenturesinbecauseheorshewon'thaveanyteeth.”（看到像爺爺奶奶這樣的人因為沒有牙齒而沒有戴假牙也會很奇怪。）可知，牙齒全掉的人也是可以戴假牙的，所以選項D錯誤，故選D。4.詞義推測題。根據畫線詞后的“Itcanalsobestrangetoseesomeone,likeagrandparent,withoutdenturesinbecauseheorshewon'thaveanyteeth.”（看到像爺爺奶奶這樣的人因為沒有牙齒而沒有戴假牙也會很奇怪。）中的also可知，前后兩句呈承接并列關系，所以前后句想表達的意思相似，所以weird在此處的意思應為奇怪，故選C。CAnAmericancompanyhasbuiltanewdronethatcouldimprovethespeedofdeliveries.Thedroneisverydifferentfromotherunmannedaircraft.Itismadealmostcompletelyoutofcardboardandhasnomotor.Itcanbepackedwithmaterialsandsealedupwithtape.Becausethedronesdonothaveamotor,theyaredesignedtobedroppedfromairplanes.Hundredsofdronescouldbesentoutatonce.Thentheycouldbeautomaticallyguidedtowheretheyaresupposedtogo.Thecompanysaysthesedronescouldthencompletedeliveriestodifferentplacesoveranareacoveringhundredsofkilometres.Thedroneslookbiggerthanthepaperairplanesweusedtomakeaskids.Butthislightflyerisnotatoy.Itisaerodynamicallydesignedandequippedwithasmallcomputer,abatteryandsensorstoguideittotheground.ThedronesarebeingdevelopedbyOtherlab-atechnologyresearchcompanyinSanFrancisco,California.Itcallsthedronea"SkyMachine".Thecompanysaysitcantravelabout150kilometresatspeedsupto88kilometresanhour.Now,itcancarrymaterialsweighinguptoonekilogram,butfuturemodelsareexpectedtocarrylargerloads.Oneofthedrone'smainadvantagesisthatitdoesnothaveaheavymotororlargebattery.Thisallowsmoreroomformaterialsandmakesthedronecostlesstobuildandoperate.TheOtherlabdevelopmentteamhascalledtheinventionthe"IKEAofdrones”.PackagedsimilarlytoproductsfromthefamousSwedishfurnituremaker,itborrowsIKEA'sconcept.Thedronearrivesasflatpiecesofpre-cutcardboardthatcanbequicklyandeasilyputtogether.Thetechnologythatguidesthedronecanmakeitlandwithin10metresofitstarget,accordingtoOtherlab.Unlikeotherdrones,evenacrashlandingisacceptable.Thecompanysaysthedronescanalsobereused.Oncethedronecompletesitsdelivery,itcanbethrownawayandthecardboardmaterialwillbreakdownwithinafewmonths.ThecompanyhasreceivedmoneyfromtheUSDepartmentofDefensetocarryoutresearchonthedrones.ThemoneycamefromtheDefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency.Theagencyisattemptingtofindthebestdeliveryvehiclesthatcandisappearaftertheirmissionsarecompleted.TheUSmilitaryhasaneedfordeliverydrones.Butitwantstosimplifyandlowerthecostofusingthem.OtherlabisSkyMachinesareanattempttofillthatneed.Militarydronescanalsobestolenandstudiedbyothersiffoundafteruse.Beforetheycantrulydisappear,theelectronicmaterialsinsidemustalsosomehowdisappear.Researchersarestillworkingonwaystogetthetechnologyitselftoself-destruct.8.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Whythenewdroneisinvented.B.Whatthenewdroneisequippedwith.C.Howthenewdronecangettotheground.D.Whythenewdroneisdesignedlikepaperairplanes.9.Whyistheinventioncalledthe"IKEAofdrones"?A.Becauseit'sasimilarproductmadebyIKEA.B.BecauseitusestheideafromIKEA.C.Becauseit'sbuiltatalowcostlikefurnitureofIKEA.D.Becauseit'smadeupofpre-cutcardboard.10.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistheadvantageofthenewdrone?A.Itcanlandnearitstarget. B.Ithasalightmotorinside.C.Acrashlandingisnotacceptable. D.Itsloadweighsfarmorethanonekilo.11.WhatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphsaboutOtherlab'sSkyMachines?A.TheyhavebeenbuiltbytheUSmilitary.B.Researchisbeingcarriedoutontheirimprovement.C.Theyarenowoftenstolenandstudiedbyothersafterdeliveries.D.Theelectronicmaterialsinsidecanalreadydestroythemselvesafteruse.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講的是一家美國公司開發了一種新型無人機，可以提高交貨的速度。介紹了這種無人機的特色、優勢以及概念來源和未來的發展方向。【8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第三段“Becausethedronesdonothaveamotor,theyaredesignedtobedroppedfromairplanes.Hundredsofdronescouldbesentoutatonce.Thentheycouldbeautomaticallyguidedtowheretheyaresupposedtogo.Thecompanysaysthesedronescouldthencompletedeliveriestodifferentplacesoveranareacoveringhundredsofkilometres.Thedroneslookbiggerthanthepaperairplanesweusedtomakeaskids.Butthislightflyerisnotatoy.Itisaerodynamicallydesignedandequippedwithasmallcomputer,abatteryandsensorstoguideittotheground.(因為無人機沒有發動機，所以它們被設計成可以從飛機上起飛。可以同時派出數百架無人機。然后他們可以被自動引導到他們應該去的地方。該公司表示，這些無人機可以完成數百公里范圍內的不同地區的送貨任務。無人機看起來比我們小時候做的紙飛機要大。但這個輕型飛行器不是玩具。它是空氣動力學設計的，裝備了一個小型計算機，電池和傳感器來引導它到地面)”可知，第三段主要講了新型無人機如何著陸的問題。故選C。【9題詳解】細節理解題。根據第七段中“PackagedsimilarlytoproductsfromthefamousSwedishfurnituremaker,itborrowsIKEA'sconcept.(它借鑒了IKEA的理念，包裝類似于瑞典著名家具制造商的產品)”可知，無人機借鑒了IKEA的理念，所以使用了IKEAofdrone的名字。故選B。【10題詳解】細節理解題。根據第八段中“Thetechnologythatguidesthedronecanmakeitlandwithin10metresofitstarget,accordingtoOtherlab.(根據Otherlab的說法，引導無人機的技術可以讓它降落在距離目標10米以內)”可知，A選項“它能在目標附近著陸”是新的無人機的優點。故選A。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中“Theagencyisattemptingtofindthebestdeliveryvehiclesthatcandisappearaftertheirmissionsarecompleted.TheUSmilitaryhasaneedfordeliverydrones.Butitwantstosimplifyandlowerthecostofusingthem.Otherlab'sSkyMachinesareanattempttofillthatneed.(工程處正在努力尋找在任務完成后可以消失的最佳運送工具。美國軍方對運送無人機有需求。但它想簡化并降低使用它們的成本。Otherlab的SkyMachines正試圖滿足這一需求)”可知，Otherlab的SkyMachines在進一步改進無人機以滿足更多的需求。故選B。DIspendhalfofmylifewithmymotherandtheotherhalfwithmyfather.Myfatherliveswithatwenty-poundcatnamedTofu.Hecallsmehisfavoritedaughter.Iamtheonlychild.Myfather'sapartmentisquitedifferentfromanyotherpeople'slivingspace.Exceptformyroom,thereisnofurniture.Hedoesn'tlikesofasoranycomfortablechairs,sohehasonlyadrawingtable,adeskandabed.Forthreeyearshehasresistedbuyingastereobecausehethinksit'suglyandwillmessuphisstudio.Frommyfather'sstudio,window,youcanseealargepartofSanFrancisco.íliketowatchthecolorschangeinthebaywhenthesunissetting.Allthewallsarewhite,andframedpostersofmyfather'slastthreebookshangsidebyside.Hespendsalotoftimelyingonthestudiofloor.That'showhethinks,hesays.Thenhedoesyoga.Hehasabigkitchen,andontopoftheRefrigerationisanoldclockhewindseveryweekforgoodluck.Thelasttimetheclockstopped,myfather'scarwaspulledawaybythepoliceandsomeotherunfortunatethingshappened,sohehasbecomeverysuperstitious(迷信).Whenhegoesoutoftown,hehiressomeonetofeedTofuandwindtheclocksoitwon'tstop.Theonethinghehasplentyofishouserules.Youhavetotakeoffyourshoeswhenyoucamein.Hewon'tallowanyonewhowearsabaseballcapintohishouse.Hesaysonlybaseballplayersshouldwearbaseballcapsandonlythecatchersshouldwearthembackward.EverytimeIgotostayathishouse,hemakesupanewrule."Houserulenumber579,notelevisionprogramswithlaughtracks!"hewillsay.Wellthenhecanneverrememberthenumbers,sotheychangeconstantly.TherulethathealwaysenforcesistheonethatrequiresmetowriteatwolongessayanytimeIwantsomething.Hedidn'tspeakEnglishuntilhewassixteen,andhehadahardtimelearningtowriteit,sohewantsmetobecomeagoodwriteratanearlyage.TheritualstartedwhenIaskedhimifIcouldhavemyearpiercedwhenIwasnine.HesaiditwasbarbaricandtoldmeIcouldn'tdoituntilIwasthirty-five.ButIkeptaskinghim,andhefinallysaidthatifIwroteanessayandIcouldpersuadehiminwritingwhyIwantedholesinmyears,maybehewouldsayokay.Iwrotemyfirstessayformyfather,andafteronemonthofwritingandrewriting,hebackeddownandgavemehispermission.12.Whichstatementisanexampleofahouserule?A.Nobaseballplayersshouldwearcapsbackward.B.Lyingonthestudiofloorcanimprovethewayofthinking.C.Wearingshoesinthehouseisnotacceptable.D.KeepingTofufedandtheclockwoundisimportant.13.Basedonthepassage,wecandrawtheconclusionexceptthatA.thewriter'sparentsareseparated.B.writingatwolongessayisawell-meantintentionofthefatherC.thereareinall579houserulesandthenumberisgrowingD.myfatherdoesn'twantastereoinhishouseforitsugliness.14.Whichofthefollowingmeanstheclosesttotheunderlinedword"pierced"inparagraph5?A.Asuddenscreampiercedthesilence.B.Thedarknesswaspiercedbythelightfromthesun.C.Boilthecornuntilitcaneasilybepiercedwithafork.D.Thecrazymanthreatenedtopiercethedefenseofthepolice.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheTensionbetweenMyFatherandMe B.AFather'sUnusualHabitsC.ACaringFather D.AChallengingTeenager【答案】12.C13.C14.C15.B【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述是父親的各種不同尋常的習慣。【12題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第四段“Theonethinghehasplentyofishouserules.Youhavetotakeoffyourshoeswhenyoucamein.”他有很多家規。你進來的時候必須脫掉鞋子。可知在室內穿鞋是不可接受的。故選C。【13題詳解】推理判斷類。本題題干意為：根據文章，我們可以得出結論，除了…。根據文中倒數第二段“Houserulenumber579,notelevisionprogramswithlaughtracks!”hewillsay.Wellthenhecanneverrememberthenumbers,sotheychangeconstantly.家庭規則第579，禁止播放有笑聲的電視節目!他會說。那么他就永遠記不住數字了，所以數字總是在變。我們從這句話里面并不能推斷出是否總共有579個規則，更加不能推斷出數目是屬于增長的趨勢。故選C。【14題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據文中pierce所在段落的后面一句“Iwantedholesinmyears”我想在耳朵上打個洞。可知題目中“piercemyear“為穿耳洞，pierced為“刺穿”的意思。而選項中A為“聲音響徹”，B為“光劃破黑暗”，C為“刺穿”，D為“突破防守”，只有C“把玉米煮到可以用叉子很容易扎進去”最符合pierce在文中物理上的刺穿之意，故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。需根據全文內容判斷，我們可知本文主要講述了我與父親生活的過程中，父親在生活中的各種習慣。根據文章第二段“Myfather'sapartmentisquitedifferentfromanyotherpeople'slivingspace.”我父親的公寓與別人的生活空間大不相同；第三段講的是“Hespendsalotoftimelyingonthestudiofloor.That'showhethinks,hesays.Thenhedoesyoga.Hehasabigkitchen,andontopoftheRefrigerationisanoldclockhewindseveryweekforgoodluck.Thelasttimetheclockstopped,myfather'scarwaspulledawaybythepoliceandsomeotherunfortunatethingshappened,sohehasbecomeverysuperstitious(迷信).Whenhegoesoutoftown,hehiressomeonetofeedTofuandwindtheclocksoitwon'tstop.”他說，這就是他的想法。然后他做瑜伽。他有一個大廚房，冰箱上放著一個老鐘，他每周都會上發條祈求好運。上次鐘停的時候，我父親的車被警察拖走了，還有一些其他不幸的事情發生了，所以他變得很迷信。當他出城的時候，他會雇人喂Tofu，給鐘上發條，這樣它就不會停止了。可知主要講的是爸爸的生活習慣；第四段講到家規；最后一段講到“TherulethathealwaysenforcesistheonethatrequiresmetowriteatwolongessayanytimeIwantsomething.”他總是堅持的一條規則就是要求我在任何時候都要寫一篇兩頁長的文章。是爸爸總是堅持的一條規則。可判斷B選項Afather’sUnusualHabits(父親不尋常的習慣)。為短文最佳標題，故需選B。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Bullying(霸凌)isabigproblem.Itcanmakekidsfeelhurt,scared,sick,lonely,embarrassed,andsad.Bulliesmighthit,kick,orpushtohurtkids,orusewordstocallnames,tease,orscarethem.___16___Bullyingisabigdeal.Itisabigproblemthataffectslotsofkids.___17___Beingbulliedcanmakekidsfeelreallybad,andthestressofdealingwithitcanmakethemfeelsick.Bullyingcanmakekidsnotwanttogotoschoolandmakeschoolaplaceoffearandcanleadtoviolenceandmorestressforeveryone.___18___Somebulliesarelookingforattention.Theymightthinkbullyingisawaytobepopularortogetwhattheywant.Mostbulliesaretryingtomakethemselvesfeelmoreimportant.Whentheypickonsomeoneelse,itcanmakethemfeelbigandpowerful.Somebulliescomefromfamilieswhereeveryoneisangryandshoutingallthetime.Howtohandleit?___19___Asmuchasyoucan,avoidthebully.Youcan'tgointohidingorskipclass,ofcourse.Butifyoucantakeadifferentrouteandavoidthemeankid,doso.Standtallandbebrave.Whenyou'rescaredofanotherperson,you'reprobablynotfeelingyouarebrave.Butsometimesjustactingbravelyisenoughtostopabully.Talktosomeoneyoutrustifyouarebotheredbyabully.___20___Makeaplantowalkwithafriendortwoonthewaytoschool,recess,lunch,orwhereveryouthinkyoumightmeetthebully.A.Bulliescomeinallshapesandsizes.B.Whydobulliesactthatway?C.Three-quartersofallkidssaytheyhavebeenbulliedorteased.D.Ifyoucan,tryyourbesttoignorethebully'sthreats.E.SomebulliesEventhreatenkidsortrytomakethemdothingstheydon'twanttodo.F.Twoisbetterthanoneifyou'retryingtoavoidbeingbullied.G.Don'tgivethebullyachance.【答案】16.E17.C18.B19.G20.F【解析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了霸凌的危害、現狀，霸凌者欺負他人的原因以及解決措施。【16題詳解】根據上文“Bulliesmighthit,kick,orpushtohurtkids,orusewordstocallnames,tease,orscarethem.(霸凌者可能會打、踢或推人來傷害孩子，或者用言語辱罵、戲弄或恐嚇他們)”可知，根據前一句說的是霸凌者會做的行為，而E選項也在描述霸凌者做的事，并且E選項中的even表遞進。故E選項“有些霸凌者甚至威脅孩子或試圖讓他們做他們不想做的事情”符合語境，故選E。【17題詳解】根據上文“Itisabigproblemthataffectslotsofkids.(這是一個影響很多孩子的大問題)”以及后文“Beingbulliedcanmakekidsfeelreallybad,andthestressofdealingwithitcanmakethemfeelsick.(被欺負會讓孩子們感覺非常糟糕，而處理這種事情的壓力會讓他們感到惡心)”可知，上文提到霸凌是一個大問題，影響到很多孩子，后文講述了其給被欺負者帶來的負面影響，可知本句是在說明被欺負著的人數，C選項中theyhavebeenbulliedorteased可與后文中Beingbullied相對應。故C選項“四分之三的孩子說他們曾被欺負或戲弄”符合語境，故選C。【18題詳解】本空為本段小標題，根據本段內容“Somebulliesarelookingforattention.Theymightthinkbullyingisawaytobepopularortogetwhattheywant.Mostbulliesaretryingtomakethemselvesfeelmoreimportant.Whentheypickonsomeoneelse,itcanmakethemfeelbigandpowerful.Somebulliescomefromfamilieswhereeveryoneisangryandshoutingallthetime.(一些霸凌者在尋求關注。他們可能認為欺凌是一種受歡迎或得到他們想要的東西的方式。大多數霸凌者都試圖讓自己覺得自己更重要。當他們欺負別人時，會讓他們覺得自己很強大。有些恃強凌弱者的家庭里，每個人都很憤怒，總是大喊大叫)”可知，本段主要圍繞著霸凌者會為什么霸凌別人進行分析，故B選項“為什么霸凌者會那樣做？”符合語境，故選B。【19題詳解】根據后文“Asmuchasyoucan,avoidthebully.Youcan'tgointohidingorskipclass,ofcourse.Butifyoucantakeadifferentrouteandavoidthemeankid,doso.Standtallandbebrave.Whenyou'rescaredofanotherperson,you'reprobablynotfeelingyouarebrave.Butsometimesjustactingbravelyisenoughtostopabully.(盡你所能，避免霸凌者。當然，你不能躲起來或逃課。但如果你能選擇不同的路線，避開壞孩子，那就去做吧。抬頭挺胸，要勇敢。當你害怕另一個人時，你可能并不覺得自己勇敢。但有時只要勇敢地行動，就足以阻止一個惡霸)”可知，后文主要說明要勇敢地行動，不要給霸凌者欺負你的機會，故G選項“不要給霸凌者機會”符合語境，故選G。【20題詳解】根據上文“Talktosomeoneyoutrustifyouarebotheredbyabully.(如果你被欺負了，和你信任的人談談)”以及后文“Makeaplantowalkwithafriendortwoonthewaytoschool,recess,lunch,orwhereveryouthinkyoumightmeetthebully.(制定一個計劃，和一兩個朋友一起在上學、課間休息、午餐或任何你認為可能會遇到霸凌者的地方散步)”可知，上文假定了情境是你遭受了霸凌，后文提到建議做好計劃以和朋友同行去任何可能遭受霸凌的地方，即借助朋友的力量來避免被霸凌。故F選項“如果你想避免被霸凌，兩個人比一個人更好”符合語境，故選F。第三部分語言運用（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ASingularDefinitionofBeautyThemainstreambeautystandardinChinaisafairandfreckle-free(沒有雀斑)facewithbigeyesandhighnosebridge.Before___21___photosonthesocialnetwork,manywomenusephotobeatificationappstonotonlysmoothenandwhitentheirskinbutenlargetheireyes___22___.It'scommonfor___23___youngwomentohavetheirfrecklesremovedbylaser,ortoenlargetheireyesandshavetheirfacialboneswithplasticsurgeries.Fair,spotlessskinisoftenconnectedwithbeingelegant,pureandeven___24___.Freckles,meanwhile,areconsideredasdirty,uglyandasignofill-health.Oneofthe“funny”commentsI'veheard,fromsomeonepromotingtraditionalChinesemedicines,wasthatfreckles“area(n)___25___ofadisease.”Thissingulardefinitionofbeautycancreate___26___forthosewhodon'tfitwithinit.Igrewupthinkingmyfreckleswere___27___bymostpeople.Itwasnotuntilincollegethatmyattitudechanged,andittookanotherfewyears___28___Ilearnedtotrulylovemyfreckles.Ibelievetheymakeme___29___andbeautiful.TheideaofhavingasinglebeautystandardisespeciallystrangeforacountryasdiverseasChina.With56officially____30____minoritygroups,beautyhereisrichandvaried.Thankfully,the____31____definitionofbeautyisslowlyimproving.Thestate-runnewspaperChinaDailytookafirmstandandoffereditssupport,withanarticlecallingonpeopletobeculturallyconfidentand____32____whatwehavenaturally.Hopefully,____33____,moregirlscanlearnto____34____whotheyareandwhattheylooklikeandtrulylovethemselvesregardlessofwhetherthey____35____thetraditionalstandardsofbeauty.21.A.taking B.posting C.shooting D.rating22.A.aswell B.inperson C.asaresult D.inshort23.A.fortunate B.well-meaning C.anxious D.amazing24.A.tough B.healthy C.confident D.slim25.A.function B.aspect C.reflection D.account26.A.problems B.options C.details D.confidence27.A.laughedat B.takenadvantageof C.smoothedout D.broughtout28.A.after B.until C.before D.while29.A.unique B.single C.individual D.independent30.A.acquired B.gathered C.respected D.recognized31.A.shallow B.rough C.positive D.passive32.A.takein B.guardagainst C.takepridein D.getover33.A.ontime B.overtime C.aheadoftime D.intime34.A.acquire B.achieve C.address D.accept35.A.liveupto B.respondto C.riseto D.makeit【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.C26.A27.A28.C29.A30.D31.A32.C33.D34.D35.A【解析】這是一篇議論文。主要講了作者認為如今很多中國女生對自己的容貌并沒有自信，會選擇修圖或者整容來改變自己，作者講述了自己從自卑到自信的經歷，作者希望有一天，更多的女孩能學會接受自己，接受自己的長相，真正愛自己，不管她們是否符合傳統的審美標準。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在把照片發到社交網絡上之前，許多女性使用美顏app，不僅能讓皮膚變得光滑白皙，還能放大眼睛。A.taking帶走；B.posting發布，張貼；C.shooting射擊；D.rating評價。根據“onthesocialnetwork”可知，這里是在發圖之前要修圖，因此是posting。故選B。【22題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：在把照片發到社交網絡上之前，許多女性使用美顏app，不僅能讓皮膚變得光滑白皙，還能放大眼睛。A.aswell也；B.inperson親自；C.asaresult結果；D.inshort總之。根據上文“manywomenusephotobeatificationappstonotonlysmoothenandwhitentheirskinbutenlargetheireyes”可知美顏app不僅能讓皮膚變得光滑白皙，還能放大眼睛，故選A。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對焦慮的年輕女性來說，用激光去除雀斑，或用整形手術放大眼睛和剃除面部骨骼是很常見的。A.fortunate幸運的；B.well-meaning善意的；C.anxious焦慮的；D.amazing令人驚訝的。根據后面是一系列整容行為可知，這里是指對自己相貌焦慮的年輕女生常常去整容。故選C。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：白皙、一塵不染的皮膚常常讓人聯想到優雅、純凈甚至健康。A.tough艱難的；B.healthy健康的；C.confident自信的；D.slim苗條的。根據這里前面都是褒義詞，所填空前的even，以及下面有ill-health作對比可知，這里指白皙、一塵不染的皮膚常常讓人聯想到優雅、純凈甚至健康（healthy）。故選B。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我從一個推廣中藥的人那里聽到的一個“有趣”的評論是，雀斑“是一種疾病的體現”。A.function功能；B.aspect方面；C.reflection體現，反思；D.account賬戶。根據前文說雀斑被認為是不健康的，以及這里的主語是推銷中藥的可知，這里那個人說雀斑是疾病的體現（reflection）。故選C。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種對美的單一定義會給那些不符合它的人造成麻煩。A.problems麻煩，問題；B.options選擇；C.details細節；D.confidence自信。根據后文“forthosewhodon'tfitwithinit”可知不符合單一的美的定義的人來說，美的單一定義會給他們造成麻煩（problem）。故選A。【27題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：從小到大，我一直認為我的雀斑會被大多數人嘲笑。A.laughedat嘲笑；B.takenadvantageof利用；C.smoothedout消除；D.broughtout出版。根據后文提到作者到大學才改變觀點，愛上自己的雀斑可知，作者以前認為自己的雀斑被人嘲笑（laughedat）。故選A。【28題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：直到上了大學，我的態度才改變，又過了幾年，我才真正愛上了自己的雀斑。A.after在……之后；B.until直到；C.before在……之前；D.while當……時候。根據上文“Itwasnotuntilincollegethatmyattitudechanged”可知到了大學作者才改變觀點可知，既此處指在真的愛上自己的雀斑之前，作者花了幾年的時間（來改變自己的想法），因此是before。故選C。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我認為我的雀斑使我與眾不同以及美麗動人。A.unique獨特的；B.single單一的；C.individual個人的；D.independent獨立的。根據上文提到作者如今愛上了自己的雀斑，以及后文“andbeautiful”可知這里要填褒義詞，即“我認為我的雀斑使我與眾不同（unique）以及美麗動人。”故選A。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這里有56個官方認可的少數民族，風景豐富多彩，多種多樣的。A.acquired取得；B.gathered聚集；C.respected尊重；D.recognized認可，認識。根據上文“officially”可知此處指56個官方認可的（recognized）少數民族。故選D。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：值得慶幸的是，對美的膚淺定義正在慢慢改善。A.shallow淺的；B.rough粗糙的；C.positive積極的；D.passive被動的。根據上文“thankfully”以及后文“definitionofbeautyisslowlyimproving”可知此處指膚淺粗暴的美的定義正在逐漸提升，與之前的singledefinition形成對比。故選A。【32題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：中國官方報紙《中國日報》采取了堅定的立場并提供了支持，發表了一篇文章，呼吁人們在文化上要自信，為我們所擁有的自然美感到自豪。A.takein吸收；B.guardagainst防止；C.takepridein以……為傲；D.getover克服。根據前面說在對美的定義正在改善，而且報紙呼吁文化自信可知，此處指呼吁大家以我們天生就擁有的東西為豪，因此是takepridein。故選C。【33題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：希望有一天，更多的女孩能學會接受自己，接受自己的長相，真正愛自己，不管她們是否符合傳統的審美標準。A.ontime按時；B.overtime隨著時間過去；C.aheadoftime提前；D.intime過了一段時間，及時。根據前文說對美的定義在慢慢改善，以及上文“hopefully”可知，希望遲早有一天，女孩子們會意識到外在的美其實沒有內在美重要。遲早有一天或者最終應用intime。故選D。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：希望有一天，更多的女孩能學會接受自己，接受自己的長相，真正愛自己，不管她們是否符合傳統的審美標準。A.acquire獲得；B.achieve