（2）任務型閱讀——2024屆中考英語閱讀理解提分要

義（含解析）

（2）任務型閱讀一一2024屆中考英語閱讀理解提分要義

提分要點

Step1明確任務

任務型閱讀一般提供一段或幾段閱讀材料，在材料后設置5個

任務，做題時考生應先閱讀所給的任務，明確任務要求，再帶著任務

去閱讀材料，有針對性地去讀，提高閱讀效率。

Step2速讀全文，了解大意

明確任務后，應迅速閱讀全文來了解文章的主要內容以及文章的

感情基調、作者的意圖、態(tài)度傾向。

概括大意的題目

需要通篇考慮，對要點加以歸納概括。這類題目格時可以從文中

找到答案，但有時需要自己概括。

為文章擬標題的題目

可以通過尋找主題句和高頻詞來完成。主題句往往在首段或尾段,

但當沒有主題句時，則應全面、簡練地去提煉、概括。文章的標題可

以是單詞、短語，也可以是句子。標題必須遵循概括性原則（最大程

度上覆蓋全文體現文章的中心大意）和醒目性原則（必須力求吸引讀

者的注意力）。

Step3找細節(jié)

尋找細節(jié)，從原文中找答案

此環(huán)節(jié)可以采用“跳讀”的方式來確定準確答案。如閱讀填空、

填表題、填寫詞語、一補全句子的方式完成表格或圖表，還有一些題

目是對文章細節(jié)的直接設問，答案通常可以從原文中找到。

精讀細節(jié)，理解深層含義

部分題型考查通過已知信息進行推理、研究細節(jié)的暗示、推敲作

者的態(tài)度、理解文童寓意的能力。做這一類型的題時需注意：①把握

文章的內在邏輯關系，以文章提供的事實和觀點為依據，立足原文，

推斷求知，不能主觀臆造，憑空想象，隨意揣測，更不能以自己的觀

點為依據；②在理解全文的基礎上，吃透文章的字面意思，從設問句

的上下文中捕捉線索，對文章的表面意思進行挖掘加工，悟出作者的

深層含義或弦外之音。

提分訓練

Drones（無人駕駛飛機）candolozsofthings,including

takingpicturesfromtheskyandwatchingwildanimals.Now

thesesmallflyingrobotsbegintochangethewayoffarming.

Lookingforsickplants

Dronescanfindbacteria（細菌）thatareharmfultoplants

intheairfromafewkilometersaway.Farmscancheckthedrcnes

airsamples（樣本）andtrytofindwaystoprotecttheirplants

beforethebacteriagettothem.

Countingcows

Whenflyingovercows,dronescanfollowupthecowsand

findoutwhichfencesneedfixing.Therearealsospecial

Ccimerasondrones.Theycanhelpfarmerslookforanimalsthat

couldharmtheircows.

Waterwatch

Afterwateringthefields,wecanoftenseesomeplacesmay

dryoutfasterthanothers.Otherplacesmightnotgetwater

atall.Dronescanlookoverthefieldandmakea3Dmap.Using

themap,farmerscanfindoutwhichpartsofafieldaredry

orneedimprovement.

Sprayingpesticide（噴灑農藥）

Differentpartsofafieldmighthavedifferentaltitude（海

拔）.Dronescancheckforthiswhenflyingabovetheland.Then,

theychangetheirheightsothattheycanspraythecorrect

amountofpesticideovereachpartofthefield.Thisismore

usefulthantraditionalpesticidespraying.Dronescanfinish

sprayingafieldmuchfasterthanwithtraditionalmachines.

1.Farmerscancheckthedrones'airsamplestofindways

tobeforethebacteriagettothem.

2.Thespecialcamerashelpfarmersanimalswhich

mayharmtheircows.

3.Whatcanthefarmersdobyusingthe3Dmap

4.找出并寫下全文的主題句。

5.將文中劃線句子譯成漢語。

'—"、

Mostpeopledrinkteaintheworld.Butteadoesnotmean

thesamethingtodifferentpeople.Indifferentcountries,

peoplehavedifferentideasaboutdrinkingtea.

InChina,（1）,（例如）teaisoftenservedwhenpecple

gettogether.Chinesepeopledrink（2）itathomeorintea

housesatanytimeoftheday.Theyoftenusehotwatertoboil

tealeaves.

TeaisalsoimportantinotherAsiancountries.Peoplein

thesecountrieshaveaspecialwayofservingtea.Theyhold

ateaceremony（儀式）intheirhouseswhenimportantguestscome.

（3）Itisveryoldandfullofmeaning.Everythingmustbedone

inaspecialwayintheceremony.Thereisevenaspecialroom

foritintheirhouses.

IntheUnitedStates,peopleusuallydrinkteaatbreakfast

or（4）他們有時在飯后喝茶.Americansusuallyuseteabagsto

maketea.Thiswayisfasterandeasierthanthewayofmaking

teainteapots.Insummer,mostAmericansdrinkicedtea.They

liketoputsomeiceintheirtea.

6.將文中（1）處“例如"翻譯成英語____

7.文中⑵處“it”代替的是—（限填一個單詞）

8.將文中（3）處Itisveryoldandfullofmeaning.譯成漢

語。

9.將文中（4）處“他們有時在飯后喝茶.”譯成英語。

10.WhatkindofteadomostAmericansdrinkinsummer（根

據文章，用完整的句子回答）

三、

TheFirstLessonisagreatpublicwelfare（公益的）program

forprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsacrossthecountry.It*s

shownat8p.m.onSeptember1steveryyear.

ThisyearrsFirstLessontakesnStruggling（奮斗）to

achievedreamsHasthetheme,anditisdividedintothreeparts：

workinghard,keepinggoingandfightingtogether.（1）The

programinvitedsomespecialguest.WinnersofntheAugust1st

Medal”,RoleModeloftheTimes,scientificandtechnological

workers,Olympicplayersandvolunteerssharedalivelyand

interesting"firstlesson'1withstudentsinChina.

Thisyear'sprogrammovedtheclassroomtotheWentian

spacelab.TheastronautsoftheShenzhouXTVwhowereon

businessinspacealsojoinedintheprogramthroughthe

connection.（2）WangYaping,China*sfirstfemaleastronautto

walkinspace...

Besides,thisyearrsclassalsoir.ovedtheclassroominto

Saihanbamechanical（機械的）forestfarmandXihuangbanna

Asianelephantsavingandbreeding（繁殖）center.Studentsfelt

thebeautifulandamazinglandofChina.Allofthemdevelcped

theirsenseofnationalprideafterhavingthisclass.

（3）Onlyiftheyoungarestrongcanourcountrybepowerful

enough.Allthestudentsdevelopedthesenseofnationalpride

afterwatchingtheFirstLesson.TheFirstLessonencourages

teenagerstostruggleintheneweraandstartanewjourney

withlivelyandexcitingstories.Asateenagerinthenewtime,

weshouldthinkaboutthepurposeofthestorycharacters,

regardthemasourownexample,learntheirspirit.Inthe

future,weshouldbecomemoreserioustowardsstudyandbecome

ausefulpersontoworkhard!

11.文中（1）處畫線部分有錯誤，改正并抄寫。

12.根據下列單詞提示，將文中（2）處畫線句子補全，使上下

語義通順、連貫、語法正確（詞數不限）。also,share,experience,

return,earth,space

13.將文中（3）處畫線句子翻譯為漢語。

14.What1sthethemeofthisyear'sFirstLesson

15.HowdidstudentsfeelafterwatchingtheFirstLesson

四、

Beingfriendswithsomeonedoesnotmeanthatyouagreewith

everythinghedoes.Sometimes,youmightdisagreesostrongly

withthewayafriendbehavesthatycuwanttomentionitto

him.Youmayfinditsohardtotalktoyourfriend.Itrs

importanttoknowsometipsonhowtomakethetalkfriendly

andeffective.

Askyourselfwhatchangesyouexpect.Ifyouplantotell

yourfriendtochange,youneedtolayoutexamplesofwhatyou

expecthimtochangefirst.Thismaybethatafriendis

dishonest,toolazy,orsometimesheinterferes（干擾）withyou.

Knowwhyyouwantthesechanges.Arethesechangesforyour

convenience,foryourfriend*swell-being,oranecessary

factor（因素）incontinuingthefriendshipYouneedtobe

readytoopenupandgivehimthetruth.Forexample,youcan

expresshowbadyoufeelandwhatwillhappenifyourfriend

makesachange.

Picktherighttimeandplacetotalk.Youshouldhavethis

talkinpersonifpossible.Pickatimewhenneitherofthe

friendsistoostressedandmeetsomewherethatyouwon'tbe

interrupted.

Talktothefriendcalmly.Itcanmakeyoucommunicatewith

yourfriendclearly.Whenyoutalk,don*traisethevoiceto

yourfriend.

16.Ifyouwantyourfriendtochange,youneedto―

examplesofwhatyouexpecthimtochangefirst.

17.Youneedtoopenupandgiveyourfriendthetruthto

knowwhyyouwant.

18.Whenistherighttimetohaveatalkwiththefriend

19.Howcanyoucommunicatewithyourfriendclearly

20.Three：Findoutandwritedownthetopicsentenceof

thepassage.

五、

"Notouching"isaruleofmanymuseums.However,thereis

amuseumwheretouchingisthemostimportantthingtodo.It

isPleaseTouchMuseum,amuseuminPhiladelphia,theUSA.It

encouragesvisiterstotouch,feelandseeeverythinginit.

PleaseTouchMuseumopenedin1976andhasbeenagoodplace

forkidsandparentseversince.Itoffersinteractiveexhibits

（互動式展品）onart,history,science,culture,andmorefor

allages.Therearealsospecialeventsforthewholefamily.

Thereisalwayssomethingnewtoseeanddo.

The"Food&Family"exhibitisoneofthemuseum'smost

popularexhibits.Kidslearnaboutwherefoodcomesfrom,where

theycanfindit,andhowimportantitisindifferentcultures.

Kidscandorole-playingthere.Kidswillshopfordinnerat

thesupermarket,makeapizzainthekitchenandstudycheeses

andteafromaroundtheworld.

Themuseumiseducational,andtheinteractiveexhibits

makelearningfun.Also,thereisanareainthemuseumfor

parentsandtheirkidstotalk,playandspendtimetogether.

What1smore,theticketsaren'texpensive!That1swhyit'sso

popularwithfamilies.

閱讀短文，完成下列任務。

21.WhenandwheredidthePleaseTouchMuseumopen（no

morethan7words)

22.Whatdoesthemuseumencouragevisitorstodo(norr.ore

than11words)

23.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout(nomorethan

8words)

24.請將文中畫線的句子翻譯成漢語。

25.請給短文擬一個適當的標題。

八、

Lastweekwewentonaschooltriptoasciencemuseum.Ms.

Liu,theguide,showedusaroundasmarthome.

Westartedwiththefrontdoor.Ms.Liuaskedmetoring

thedoorbell.Ididn'tnoticethetinycamerathatwasfixed

justaboveit.AfterIpressed(按)thedoorbell,thecamera

sentalivevideo(視頻直播)tothehome-owners."Theycan

electronicallyopenthedoorwhentheyarenotathome,,rsaid

Ms.Liu.

TheotherthingIcouldn11seeonthedoorwasalock."There

mustbeone,“Ithought.Atthistime,Ms.Liutookoutasir.art

phoneandputitagainstthedoor.Anditopened."Oh,thekey

isonthesmartphone.

Afterenteringthelivingroom,Isawacomputeronatable.

Byusingthecomputer,theownerscancontrolhowmuchenergy

isused.Inthisway,theycanmanagetheirlivingcost.

OneoftheroomsIwantedtoseemostwasthebedroom.To

mygreatsurprise,thebeddisappearedintotheflooratthe

touchofthesmartphone.Thewindowhasasmartblind(百葉

窗）.Itcanberaisedandloweredwithavoice.

AsIleftthesmarthome,IlookedbackonwhatIhadjust

seen.Scientistsoftensaythattheseproductsareimproving

ourlife.Ithinkthetechnologyinthesmarthomemaymakeus

lazier.However,thereisnodoubtthatitwillbecomemore

popularinthehomesoftomorrow.

26.Ms.Liushowedthestudentsaroundina

sciencemuseum.

27.Thehome-ownerscanelectronicallywhen

theyarenotathome.

28.Whereisthekeytothedoor

29.Howcantheownerscontrolhowmuchenergyisused

30.DoyoulikethetechnologyinthesmarthomeWhyor

whynot

答案以及解析

、

1.答案：protecttheirplants

解析：根據文中Farmerscancheckthedrones1airsamples

andtrytofindwaystoprotecttheirplantsbeforethebacteria

gettothem.可知農民可以檢查無人機的空氣樣本，在細菌到達之前

找到保護植物的方法。故答案為protecttheirplantSo

2.答案：lookfor

解析：根據文中Therearealsospecialcamerasondrones.

Theycanhelpfarmerslookforanimalsthatcouldharmtheir

cows.可知無人機上也有特殊的攝像頭。他們可以幫助農民尋找可能

傷害他們奶牛的動物。故答案為lookfore

3.答案：Theycanfindoutwhichpartsofafieldaredry

orneedimprovement.

解析：根據文中Usingthemapfarmerscanfindoutwhichparts

ofafieldaredryorneedimprovement.可知使用這張地圖，農

民可以發(fā)現某塊地的哪些部分是干的，哪些地方需要改進。故答案為

Theycanfindoutwhichpartsofafieldaredryorneed

improvement.o

4.答案：Nowthesesmallflyingrobotsbegintochangethe

wayoffarming.

解析：由首段Nowthesesmallflyingrobotsbegintochange

thewayoffarming.可知現在這些小型飛行機器人開始改變耕作方

式。故答案為Nowthesesmallflyingrobotsbegintochangethe

wayoffarmingo

5.答案：無人機可以比傳統(tǒng)機器更快地完成田間噴灑。

解析：spraying：噴灑；muchfasterthan...：比...快0tradition：

傳統(tǒng)。故答案為“無人駕駛飛機噴灑田地的速度比傳統(tǒng)機器快得多。”

或者”無人駕駛飛機可以比傳統(tǒng)機器更快地完成田間噴灑。"

-、

6.答案：forexample

解析：考查英漢互譯，forexample的意思是例如，故填寫”for

example

7.答案：tea

解析：考查對文章細節(jié)的理解,根據"teaisoftenservedwhen

peoplegettogether"人們在一起的時候會喝茶，可知下文it應該

是講中國人在一天中的任何時候都在家里或茶館里喝茶，故it指代

茶，故填tea。

8.答案：這是一種古老而且充滿深意的儀式。

解析：考查英漢互譯，meaning的意思是意義；含義，fullof充

滿，故可翻譯為"這是一種古老而且充滿深意的儀式”。

9.答案：Theysometimesdrinkteaaftermeals.

解析：考查英漢互譯，sometimes的意思是有時，故填"They

sometimesdrinkteaaftermeals”。

10.答案：MostAmericansdrinkicedteainsummer.

解析：考查對文章細節(jié)的理解，M^"Insummer,mostAmericans

drinkicedtea"可知夏天，他們喝冰茶，故填MostAmericansdrink

icedteainsummero

11.答案：Theprograminvitedsomespecialguests.

解析：根據some一些，后跟名詞復數，故把guest改成guests。

故填：Theprograminvitedsomespecialguests.

12.答案：alsosharedherexperienceofreturningtothe

earthfromspace.

解析：根據句意，王亞平也分享了她從太空返回地球的經歷。根

據上文一般過去時，分享shared,返回地球的經歷experienceof

returningtotheearth,故填：alsosharedherexperienceof

returningtotheearthfromspace.

13.答案：少年強則國強。

解析：Onlyif,只有；theyoungarestrong,少年強壯；our

countrybepowerfulenough,我們祖國足夠強大。故填：少年強則

國強。

14.答案：Strugglingtoachievedreams.

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段Thisyear*sFirstLessontakes

"Struggling（奮斗）toachievedreams"asthetheme（今年的

第一課以“奮斗實現夢想”為主題）可知今年第一課的主題是“奮斗實

現夢想”，故填：Strugglingtoachievedreams.

15.答案：Theydevelopedthesenseofnationalprideafter

watchingtheFirstLesson.

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據第五段Allthestudentsdevelopedthe

senseofnationalprideafterwatchingtheFirstLesson.（所

有的學生在看了第一課后都產生了民族自豪感。）可知所有的學生在

看了第一課后都產生了民族自豪感。故填：Theydevelopedthesense

ofnationalprideafterwatchingtheFirstLesson.

四、

16.答案：layout

解析：根據第二段中的"Ifyouplantotellyourfriendto

change,youneed二。layoutexamplesofwhatyouexpecthimto

changefirst.”可知，如果你打算告訴你的朋友去改變，你需要首先

列出你希望他改變的例子。故填layouto

17.答案：thesechanges

解析：根據第三段中的"Knowwhyyouwantthesechanges.Are

thesechangesforyourconvenience,foryourfriend's

well-being,oranecessaryfactor（因素）incontinuingthe

friendshipYouneedtobereadytoopenupandgivehimthe

truth.”可知，你需要敞開心扉，告訴你的朋友你為什么想要這些改

變。故填thesechangeso

18.答案：Whenneitherofthefriendsistoostressed./It1s

whenneitherofthefriendsistoostressed.

解析：根據倒數第二段中的"Pickatimewhenneitherofthe

friendsistoostressedandmeetsomewherethatyouwon'tbe

interrupted.”可知，和朋友談話的合適時間是當朋友都沒冷太太壓

力的時候。故填Whenneitherofthefriendsistoostressed./Tt1s

whenneitherofthefriendsistoostressed.

19.答案：Bytalkingtothefriendcalmly./Icantalkto

thefriendcalmly.

解析：根據最后一段中的"Talktothefriendcalmly.Itcan

makeyoucommunicatewithyourfriendclearly.”可知，冷靜地

與朋友交談。它可以讓你與朋友清晰地交流。故填Bytalkingtothe

friendcalmly./Icantalktothefriendcalmly.

20.答案：It*simportanttoknowsometipsonhowtomake

thetalkfriendlyandeffective.

解析：根據第一段中的"It'simportanttoknowsometipson

howtomakethetalkfri