Ⅰ.Readthetextsanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)．1．ThesportsthathavebeenremovedfromtheOlympicsincludebaseballandtaekwondo.(F)2．It'sstillpossibleforwushutoenterintotheOlympicsinthefuture.(T)3．ThecaptainoftheKangarooswasselfishbuthardworking.(F)4．TheEagle'scaptainactuallybroketherulesinthematchagainsttheKangaroos.(T)Ⅱ.Fillineachblankwithnomorethanthreewordsaccordingtothetexts.TopicEnteringasportintotheOlympicscanbealongprocessRequirementsthatmustbemetifasportwantstobe(1)acceptedintotheOlympics?Havingitsowninternationalassociation?Being(2)practised/practicedbymeninatleast75countriesonatleastfourcontinentsorbywomeninatleast40countriesandonthreecontinents?HavinganothersportdroppedWhichsportshavebeenremovedSomefamiliarsportsandmoreunusualsportshavebeenremovedastheyhave(3)bee_unpopular.Whatto(4)addSomesportslikerugbyandgolf,whichwereearlierplayedattheOlympicsandthendropped,will(5)return_totheOlympicssportslistagainin2016.WhichsportsareapplyingTheIOCisstill(6)hesitating/thinking_aboutwhethertogiveapprovaltowushuduetotheconcernoverthebalanceofsports.Winningisn'teverythingParagraphoutlineSupportingdetailsInthefirsttournament?TheEagleswonthefootballmatchagainsttheKangaroosandcontinuedinthepetition.?However,theylosttheirnextmatchinspiteof(7)struggle/strugglingforvictory.Afterwards,theyplainedthattherefereeshadnottreatedthem(8)fairly/equally.Inthenexttournament?TheKangaroostrainedharderthanbeforeand(9)defeatedtheEagles.?AlthoughtheKangarooslosttheirfinalmatchagainsttheBears,theyfeltproudofwhattheyhaddone.?Inthematch,theKangaroosfoundfriendship,honourandrespect,whichismuch(10)more_precious/importantthanvictory.Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Theboy'sunusual(異常的)behaviorpuzzledthedoctor.2．Doesthereferee(裁判員)havethepowertosendhimoffthefield?3．Walkingaloneinthedark,theboywhistled(吹哨)tokeepuphiscourage.4．Referencebooksmustnotberemoved(拿走)fromthelibrary.5．We'vebudgeted(為……預算)foranewcarnextyear.6．Wecannotaffordtowasteprecious(寶貴的)time.7．Losingthematchwasabitter(令人不快的)disappointmentfortheteam.8．It'llbeseveralweeksbeforeIgetmyexamresultsandIamnotsurewhattodointhemeanwhile(在此期間)．9．It'ssurprisingthatthefootballgameendedinatie(平局)．Ⅱ.拓展詞匯10．unusualadj.特別的，不尋常的；與眾不同的→usualadj.平常的，與以往一樣的11．powern．力量；能力；權力→powerfuladj.強有力的12．unfairadj.不公平的→fair(反義詞)[巧記單詞]例詞規律派生詞un-＋usual→unusualun-為表示否定或相反意義的前綴power＋-ful→powerfuln.＋-ful→adj.Ⅲ.補全短語1．atleast至少2．keep...undercontrol控制住，使……處于控制之下3．makewayfor給……讓路，讓位于……4．beconnectedwith與……有關5．hopefor希望，期待6．keepaclosewatchon密切注意7．byaccident偶然地1．[教材原句]TherearemanyrequirementsthatmustbemetbeforeasportcanbeconsideredbytheInternationalOlympicmittee(IOC)．必須滿足很多條件后，國際奧委會方可考慮這個運動項目進入奧運會的事。[句型點撥]before引導時間狀語從句。[佳句賞析]Ithinkyoushouldconsideritabitmorebeforeyoumakeadecision.依我看你應該多考慮一下再做決定。2．[教材原句]However,withtherefereesnowkeepingaclosewatchontheEagles,theystruggledandlosttheirnextmatch.然而，由于裁判員密切注意著鷹隊，他們奮戰后還是輸了接下來的比賽。[句型點撥]with復合結構。[佳句賞析]Thedaywasbright,withafreshbreezeblowing.天氣晴朗，吹著一股清風。3．[教材原句]TheEagleswenthomeangryandbitterbecausetheydidnotwinthetournament.鷹隊在錦標賽上鎩羽而歸，既惱火又憤憤不平。[句型點撥]形容詞(短語)作狀語。[佳句賞析]Excitedandoverjoyed,thechildrenrushedtothefront.孩子們激動又欣喜地跑到了前面。eq\a\vs4\al([課文對譯])HowdoesasportentertheOlympics?EnteringasportintotheOlympicscanbealongprocess.TherearemanyrequirementsthatmustbemetbeforeasportcanbeconsideredbytheInternationalOlympicmittee(IOC).First,asportmusthaveitsowninternationalassociation.Next,itmustbepractisedbymeninatleast75countriesonatleastfourcontinents,orpractisedbywomeninatleast40countriesandonthreecontinents.That'snotall.Inorderforanewsporttobeadded,anothersportmustbedropped.ThishelpstheIOCkeeptheOlympics'budgetundercontrol.Whichonesareout?SomesportsthatwerepartoftheOlympicsinthepasthavebeenremoved.Theseincludefamiliarsports,suchasbaseball,aswellasmoreunusualsports,suchaspowerboating.Thesesportswerejudgedtohavebeelesspopular,andhadtomakewayfornewsportswhicharemorepopular.Whichonesarein?Somesportshavebeenadded,suchastaekwondo,whichwasfirstincludedintheOlympicsin2000.TheIOCisplanningtochangesomeofthesportsinthenextfewyears.In2016,rugbyandgolf,whichwereearlierplayedattheOlympicsandthendropped,willbeincludedagain,astheyarenowverypopularandareplayedallaroundtheworld.Whichonesarestilltrying?WushuisstillapplyingtogetintotheOlympics.TheIOChasstillnotapprovedthesportduetotheconcernaboutthebalanceofsports—therearealreadymanyothersportsintheOlympicsthatareconnectedwithfighting,suchastaekwondoandboxing.However,theIOCisconsideringchangingthenumberandtypeofOlympicsportsinthefuture,sowushufansmayfinallygetwhattheyarehopingfor.Winningisn'teverythingItwasneartheendofthefootballmatch,andneitherteamhadscored.ThecaptainoftheEaglespassedtheballtoateammate,andthenrandownneartheKangaroos'goal.Histeammatepassedtheballbacktohim,buttheshotwastoohigh.TheEagles'captainknockedtheballtothegroundwithhishand,andthenkickeditandscored.Therefereeblewthewhistle;thematchwasoverandtheEagleshadwon.Ofcourse,thegoalshouldnothavecounted.However,nowitwastoolate.Later,areporteraskedtheEagles'captainwhathadhappened.‘Wewon,andthatisallthatmatters，’thecaptainsaid.TheKangarooswereoutofthetournament,whiletheEaglescontinuedon.However,withtherefereesnowkeepingaclosewatchontheEagles,theystruggledandlosttheirnextmatch.Afterwards,theyplainedthattherefereeshadbeenunfair.TheEagleswenthomeangryandbitterbecausetheydidnotwinthetournament.Meanwhile,theKangarooswenthomeandtrainedharderthanbefore.Inthenexttournament,theKangaroosdefeatedtheEaglesbyascoreof5to1.TheywentontothefinalmatchagainsttheBears.Thematchwastiedwithminutestogo.TheKangaroos'captainwasneartheBears'goal.Ateammatepassedtheballtohim,andbyaccidentithithishand.TheKangaroos'captainstoppedthematchandlettheBearshavetheball.Withinminutes,theBearsscoredandwon.Later,areporteraskedtheKangaroos'captainwhathadhappened.‘Theywon，’thecaptainsaid.‘Theywerethebetterteam.’TheKangarooswenthomeproudthattheyhaddonetheirbest.ManyoftheKangaroos'playersbecamefriendswiththeplayersontheBears'teamfortherestoftheirlives.Indefeat,theKangaroosfoundsomethingmorepreciousthanvictory—theyfoundfriendship,honourandrespect.,運動項目怎樣才能進入奧運會？一個運動項目進入奧運會是一個漫長的過程。它必須滿足很多條件后，國際奧委會方可考慮它。首先，該運動項目必須有自己的國際聯合會。其次，必須有至少4個洲75個國家的男子從事這項運動，或者必須有至少3個洲40個國家的女子從事這項運動。還不止這些。為了增加一個新運動項目，必須要淘汰一個當前的運動項目。這種做法有助于國際奧委會控制奧運會的預算。哪些運動項目被淘汰了？有些在過去是奧運會的比賽項目，如今已被淘汰了。這些既包括人們熟悉的運動項目，如棒球，還有一些不那么常見的運動項目，如汽艇。這些運動項目被認為不及以前流行了，必須讓位于新的、更為流行的運動項目。哪些運動項目入選了？有些運動項目已經得以補充(進入奧運會)，比如跆拳道，該項目是2000年才首次進入奧運會的。國際奧委會正計劃在未來若干年內調整部分比賽項目。2016年以前奧運會舉行過后來又放棄的橄欖球和高爾夫球會再度入選，因為這些項目目前非常受歡迎，全世界范圍內都有人從事這些運動。哪些運動項目仍在爭取？武術仍在爭取進入奧運會。國際奧委會目前還沒有批準該項目，因為國際奧委會希望能夠維持比賽項目的平衡，奧運會中已經有很多其他的武術類項目，如跆拳道和拳擊。然而，國際奧委會正在考慮修改未來奧運會運動項目的數量和類別，所以武術迷們或許最終還是能夠如愿以償。贏并不是一切足球比賽已經接近尾聲，但是兩支球隊都還沒有進球。鷹隊的隊長把球傳給一名隊員，然后跑近袋鼠隊的球門前。他的隊友把球回傳給他，但踢得太高了。鷹隊隊長用手把球撥回地面，然后踢球，球進了。裁判吹響了哨子，比賽結束，鷹隊獲勝。當然，那個進球本該不算數的，但現在一切都太晚了。后來，一名記者就所發生的事采訪了鷹隊隊長。“我們贏了，這是最重要的。”隊長說。袋鼠隊被淘汰出局，而鷹隊晉級。然而，由于裁判員密切注意著鷹隊，他們奮戰后還是輸了接下來的比賽。后來，他們抱怨裁判不公平。鷹隊在聯賽上鎩羽而歸，既惱火又憤憤不平。與此同時，袋鼠隊也回家了，他們比以前訓練得更加刻苦。在接下來的聯賽中，袋鼠隊以5比1的比分擊敗了鷹隊。他們一路殺進決賽，對手是熊隊。離比賽結束還有幾分鐘的時間，還是平局。袋鼠隊隊長靠近熊隊大門。一名隊員把球傳給他，球意外地撞到了他的手，袋鼠隊隊長示意暫停比賽，讓熊隊開球。數分鐘之內，熊隊進球，贏得比賽。后來，一位記者就所發生的事采訪了袋鼠隊隊長。“他們贏了，”隊長說，“他們是一支更優秀的隊伍。”袋鼠隊驕傲地回到家鄉，因為他們已經竭盡全力。許多袋鼠隊的球員和熊隊的球員成了終生好友。袋鼠隊雖然失敗了，但他們找到了比勝利更寶貴的東西——友誼、榮譽和尊重。1．requirementn．要求；必需品；必要條件(1)meet/satisfysb.'srequirements滿足某人的要求(2)requirev.要求，需要requiresb.todosth.要求某人做某事requiresth.ofsb.向某人要求某物requirethat...要求……①I'msorryIcan'tmeet/satisfyyourrequirements.抱歉我無法滿足你的要求。②Peoplearerequiredtoobeysocialrules.人們被要求遵守社會準則。③Theschoolrequiresthatstudents(should)_attend(attend)atleast90%ofthelectures.學校要求學生聽課率至少達到90%。[名師點津]require后的that從句中以及requirement后的同位語從句和表語從句中用虛擬語氣，即謂語動詞用“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。④Hisonlyrequirementisthattheworkingconditions(should)_be_improved.他唯一的要求是工作條件要提高(改善)。2．(教材P38)ThishelpstheIOCkeeptheOlympics'budgetundercontrol.這種做法有助于奧委會控制奧運會的預算。keep...undercontrol控制住，使……處于控制之下①Thegovernmentshouldkeepthedevelopmentofindustryundercontrol.政府應該控制工業的發展。bring/get...undercontrol(＝keep...undercontrol)使……處于控制之下undercontrol被控制住，處于控制之下incontrolof控制……；管理……beyondcontrol無法控制takecontrolof控制outofcontrol失去控制，無法控制losecontrolof失去對……的控制②Thechildrenarepletelyoutofcontrolsincetheirfatherleft.這些孩子自從他們的父親離開后就無法無天了。③Studentsareencouragedtotake_control_oftheirownlearning,ratherthanjustdependingontheteachers.學生要自我控制好自己的學習，不要僅僅依賴于老師。[名師點津]control前有無冠詞意思不同。incontrolof“管理，控制”；inthecontrolof“被……控制”。④Thepolicehavebeenincontrolofthepresentsituation.＝Thepresentsituationhasbeenin_the_control_ofthepolice.警方已經控制了目前的局面。3．(教材P38)SomesportsthatwerepartoftheOlympicsinthepasthavebeenremoved.有些在過去是奧運會的比賽項目，如今已被淘汰了。removevt.去除，移開；開除，免除，解除(職務)remove...to...把……移到……remove...from...從……把……移開，從……把……除去beremovedfrom從……被去掉，從……被開除、免職①Studentsremovedseveraldeskstoanotherclassroom.學生們把幾張書桌搬到另外一間教室。②PleaseremoveyourbagfromtheseatsothatIcansitdown.請把你的包從座位上拿走，那樣我就可以坐下。③Theplayerwasremovedfromtheteam.那名球員被開除了。4．(教材P38)Theseincludefamiliarsports,suchasbaseball,aswellasmoreunusualsports,suchaspowerboating.這些既包括人們熟悉的運動項目，如棒球，又有一些不那么常見的運動項目，如汽艇。powern．力量，能量；影響力，權力；統治vt.驅動，提供動力①Powerinvariablymeansbothresponsibilityanddanger.(TheodoreRoosevelt,Americanpresident)實力永遠意味著責任和危險。(美國總統羅斯福．T.)inpower在執政，在掌權in/withinone'spower為某人力所能及，在某人能力范圍之內outof/beyondone'spower超出某人的能力范圍einto/topower上臺執政；掌權②Thepartyhasbeeninpowerforeightyears.該黨派已執政八年。③I'lldoanythingwithin/in_my_powertosupportyoubothfinanciallyandmentally.我將在自己能力范圍內給你財政和精神上的支持。④Thenewgovernmentwilletopowernextmonth.新政府將在下月開始執政。[辨析比較]power指政權、權力，還可泛指做某事的能力，也可指物理學中的動力、功率energy指人的精力、活力和物理學中的能、能量、能源strength強調一個人所具有的力量、力氣force指為克服阻力使事物運動而實際發出或施加的力量，即物理學中的力；也可指兵力、勢力、武力、影響力、效力選擇上述單詞填空①Mattersofthiskindshouldbesolvedinapeacefulwayinsteadofbymeansofforce.②Whenthenewpresidentesintopower,_hecarriesoutaseriesofworkableandfavorablepolicies.③Heisamanfullofenergyandhecandoasmuchworkasthreemendo.④Allthepassengerspushedthebuswithalltheirstrength,_butitrefusedtomove.5．(教材P38)Thesesportswerejudgedtohavebeelesspopular,andhadtomakewayfornewsportswhicharemorepopular.這些運動項目被認為不及以前流行了，必須讓位于新的、更為流行的運動項目。makewayfor給……讓路，讓位于……①Alltraffichastomakewayfortheambulance.所有來往車輛都必須為救護車讓路。givewayto...讓路；讓步；被……代替loseone'sway迷路makeone'sway(to/towardssp.)前往；到……地方去feelone'sway(黑暗中)摸索著走；謹慎行事findone'sway(to...)設法到達fightone'sway打出一條路②Hemanagedtofindhiswaytotheairport,butwaslatefortheflight.他設法找到了去機場的路，但遲到了，沒趕上飛機。③Hetriedtofight_his_waythroughthecrowdtobuyChristmasgifts.他努力在人群中擠出一條路來買圣誕禮物。6．(教材P39)Meanwhile,theKangarooswenthomeandtrainedharderthanbefore.與此同時，袋鼠隊回家了，他們比以前訓練得更加刻苦。meanwhileadv.與此同時；在此期間①She'sduetoarriveonThursday.Meanwhile,whatdowedo?她預定星期四到達，這期間我們做什么呢？meanwhile＝atthesametime同時inthemeanwhile＝inthemeantime同時，在此期間②Inthemeanwhile,I'llvisitanoldfriendofmine.在此期間，我將去拜訪我的一位老朋友。③Fatherwascuttingthegrass,andin_the_meantime(＝in_the_meanwhile)Motherwasplantingroses.父親在剪草，母親在種玫瑰。7．(教材P39)Thematchwastiedwithminutestogo.離比賽結束還有幾分鐘的時間，還是平局。tievt.與……打成平手；(用繩、線)系，綁，捆n．平局；領帶；聯系①Englandtied2∶2withGermanyinthefirstround.在第一輪比賽中英格蘭隊與德國隊打成平局。②Thefamilytieisstrongerthananythingelse.血緣關系比什么都堅固。tie...to...把……拴/綁到……上tiedown束縛，牽制(某人)tieup系牢；拴住③Shedidn'twanttobetieddownbyafull-timejob.她不想被全職工作束縛住。④Ifoundamantied_toatelegraphpole.我發現一個人被綁在電線桿上。⑤Susanhandedhimthestringsohecouldtie_upthebox.蘇珊把繩子遞給他，讓他能拴住盒子。8．TherearemanyrequirementsthatmustbemetbeforeasportcanbeconsideredbytheInternationalOlympicmittee(IOC)．必須滿足很多條件后，國際奧委會方可考慮這個運動項目進入奧運會的事。這是一個復合句，that引導定語從句。其中的before引導時間狀語從句。before為連詞，它在句中的譯法較靈活。(1)……才……①Hehadwalkedforawholedaybeforehefoundwater.他走了一整天才找到水。(2)趁……未，以免，以防②Writedownthetelephonenumberbeforeyouforgetit.趁你還沒忘記，把電話號碼寫下來。(3)就；不久……就常用于句型：Itis/was/willbe(not)＋一段時間＋before...③Ihadnotwaitedlongbeforehecameback.我沒等多久他就回來了。④It_was_not_long_beforeheleftfortheUS.不久他就去美國了。(4)在……之前⑤HehadlearnedsomeJapanesebeforehewenttoJapan.在去日本前，他學過一些日語。(5)還沒來得及……就……⑥BeforeIcouldthinkofareply,shewalkedaway.我還沒來得及想出如何回答，她就走開了。9．However,withtherefereesnowkeepingaclosewatchontheEagles,theystruggledandlosttheirnextmatch.然而，由于裁判員密切注意著鷹隊，他們奮戰后還是輸了接下來的比賽。本句中withtherefereesnowkeepingaclosewatchontheEagles為with復合結構，thereferees為賓語，其后的部分為賓補。with復合結構可以作狀語表示伴隨情況、時間、原因、方式等，也可作定語。其構成有下列幾種情況：eq\a\vs4\al(with＋名詞/,代詞＋)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(形容詞/副詞/介詞短語,不定式表示動作將要發生,現在分詞表示主動和動作正在進行,過去分詞表示被動和動作已完成))①Hestaredathisfriendwithhismouthwideopen.他盯著他的朋友，嘴巴還大張著。②Shestoodatthedoor,withherbacktowardsus.她站在門口，背對著我們。③Sometimesmanypeoplespokeatthesametime,withnobodystoppingthem.有時許多人同時發言，沒有人阻止他們。④Isatinmyroomforafewminuteswith_my_eyes_fixedontheceiling.我坐在房間里待了一會兒，眼睛盯著天花板。⑤Withsomebooksto_buy,_Iwenttothebookshop.由于要買一些書，我去了書店。10．TheEagleswenthomeangryandbitterbecausetheydidnotwinthetournament.鷹隊在錦標賽上鎩羽而歸，既惱火又憤憤不平。句中形容詞短語angryandbitter作狀語，說明主語theEagles的心理狀態。形容詞(短語)作狀語的情況說明：①Muchinterested,heagreedtogiveitatry.由于很感興趣，他同意試一試。②Afraid_of_difficulties,_theyprefertogiveitup.由于害怕困難，他們寧愿放棄。③Hespent7daysinthewindandsnow,coldandhungry.他們在風雪中度過了7天，又冷又餓。④Shewaslyinginbed,awake.她躺在床上，沒睡。⑤Wearrivedhomeverylate,safe_and_sound.我們回家很晚，安然無恙。Ⅰ.單項填空1．It'ssuchapitythatthosefineoldhouseshadtobepulleddownto________thenewroad.A．makewaytoB．makethewayforC．makewayforD．maketheroomfor解析：選C句意：真遺憾，不得不拆毀那些還不錯的老房子以給新道路讓路。makewayfor...“給……讓路”；makewayto...“朝……走去”；maketheroomfor...“給……騰出地方”。2．Yourdeskiscrowdedwithtoomanyunnecessarythings.You'dbetter________someofthemtootherplaces.A．remainB．removeC．designD．renew解析：選B考查動詞辨析。句意：你的課桌上放滿了太多無用的東西。你得拿走一些。remain“保留”；remove“拿開，去掉”；design“設計”；renew“重新開始”。3．Themurdererstoodbeforethepoliceman,withhishands________onhisback,trembling.A．tieB．tiedC．tyingD．totie解析：選B考查with復合結構作狀語。hand與tie之間存在被動關系，故用過去分詞。4．Thegovernmentshouldtakesomemeasurestoprotectourenvironment.________，thepublicalsoshoulddosomethingtohelp.A．MeanwhileB．AnyhowC．HoweverD．Immediately解析：選A考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：政府應采取措施保護環境。與此同時，公眾也應該給予一些幫助。meanwhile“在此期間，同時”，符合語境。anyhow“無論如何，不管怎樣”；however“然而”；immediately“立即，馬上”。5．Herefusedourrequirementthatwe________morehands.A．gaveB．begivenC．werebegivenD．giving解析：選B考查名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的用法。句意：他拒絕了給我們增加人手的要求。requirement后的同位語從句和表語從句中，謂語用“(should＋)動詞原形”。6．Thepeoplebegantobreakthewindows,butthepolicesoonkeptthesituation________.A．underwayB．undercontrolC．underreviewD．underconsideration解析：選B句意：人們開始砸窗子，但是警察很快控制住了局勢。underway“在進行中”；(keep...)undercontrol“控制住”；underreview“在審議中”；underconsideration“在考慮中”。7．Theshipwashelplessagainstthe________ofthestorm.A．strengthB．powerC．energyD．force解析：選B考查名詞辨析。句意：那艘船只能任憑強大的暴風雨肆虐。strength“力氣”；power“力量，能量”；energy“精力”；force“武力”。故B項符合句意。8．Afterthelongjourney,thefiveofuswentbackhome,________.A．hungryandtiredlyB．hungryandtiredC．hungrilyandtiredlyD．hungrilyandtired解析：選B考查形容詞短語作狀語。句意：經過長時間旅行之后，我們五個回到了家，又餓又累。形容詞短語作狀語，說明主語的狀態。9．Adozenideaswereconsidered________thechiefarchitectdecidedonthedesignofthebuilding.A．becauseB．beforeC．whetherD．unless解析：選B句意：在考慮了很多構想之后，總建筑師才確定了這座樓的設計方案。before引導時間狀語從句，意為“……(之后)才……”。Ⅱ.完成句子1．Thethiefhidhimselfinthecorner,afraid_of_being_caught(擔心被抓住)．2．Itwillbeawhilebefore_you_know_the_results(你們才知道結果)．3．Ihadalwaysbelievedsuchanachievementwasbeyond_my_power(超出我的能力)．4．Youshouldmake_way_for(給……讓路)anambulancewhenyouaredriving.5．Too_nervous_to_reply(由于緊張回答不上來),hestaredatthefloor.Ⅲ.語境翻譯當新學期開始的時候，學生會很忙。在校門口，很多小汽車和公交車會給他們讓路(makewayfor)。交警們必須控制交通(keep...undercontrol)。與此同時(meanwhile)，學校的小商店會很擁擠，因為學生們必須買生活必需品(requirements)。Whenthenewtermbegins,studentsareverybusy.Attheschoolgate,manycarsandbuseswillmakewayforthestudents.Thetrafficpolicewillhavetokeepthetrafficundercontrol.Meanwhile,theshopsintheirschoolwillbecrowdedbecausestudentshavetobuyrequirementsforthemselves.[對應學生課下能力提升(八)]Ⅰ.單項填空1．Wealsoadvisepeopletoeatadietcontainingplentyoffruitandvegetables,toreducetheirintakeofanimalfat,andofcourse,________theirweightundercontrol.A．keepB．putC．takeD．make解析：選A本題考查短語keep...undercontrol，意為“使……處于控制之下”。句意：我們也建議人們多吃蔬菜和水果，減少動物脂肪的攝入，當然，也得控制體重。2．—Youarealwaysfullof________.Canyoutellmethesecret?—Takingplentyofexerciseeveryday.A．powerB．strengthC．forceD．energy解析：選D考查名詞辨析。energy,strength,force,power均可表現“力”；但energy意為“精力，能量”，尤指人在做某事并為完成該事所表現的生機勃勃的力，多用作不可數名詞；power主要表示權力、影響力；force多指暴力、武力和能使物體運動的力；strength通常指人的力氣、長處等。3．Doyouknowhowlongitwas________yourealizedthathewasalwayshelpingme?A．sinceB．thatC．whenD．before解析：選D考查連詞。句意：你知道過了多久你才意識到他一直在幫你嗎？”句型：“Itbe＋一段時間＋before(引導時間狀語從句)”，若主句是將來時，從句用一般現在時；若主句是過去時，從句用一般過去時。故選D項。4．Theschooltookthestudents'requirementintoconsiderationthataparty________beheldtocelebratethevictory.A．couldB．mightC．wouldD．should解析：選D句意：學校考慮了學生們認為應該舉行一個聚會來慶祝勝利的要求。在requirement后的同位語從句和表語從句中，謂語用“(should＋)動詞原形”。5．Beforeyouleave,makesuretokeeptheboat________thetreeoverthere.A．tiedtoB．tyingtoC．tiedonD．tyingon解析：選Atie...toaplace“把……拴到某個地方”，為習慣搭配；tie與boat之間為動賓關系，應用過去分詞形式表示被動。故選A項。6．Itwillbeabighelpifyougotothestoreandgetwhatweneedfordinner.________，I'llsetthetable.A．AsaresultB．OnthewholeC．InthemeanwhileD．Asamatteroffact解析：選C考查介詞短語。句意：如果你去商店買一些我們晚飯所需的東西可真是幫了大忙了，同時我也會擺桌子(準備開飯)。asaresult“結果”；onthewhole“總的來說”；inthemeanwhile“同時”；asamatteroffact“實際上”。根據句意可知C項正確。7．________thetemperaturefallingsorapidly,wecouldn'tgoonwiththeexperiment.A．SinceB．ForC．AsD．With解析：選D考查with的復合結構。句意：由于溫度下降得很快，我們無法繼續做實驗。8．Withputersbeingmoreandmorepopularnowadays,hand-writtenlettersaregradually________e-mails.A．takingthewayofB．pushingawaythroughC．showingwayforD．makingwayfor解析：選Dmakewayfor“給……讓路，讓位于……”；takethewayof“采取……的方式”；pushone'swaythrough“擠出一條路來通過”；showthewayfor“給某人指路”。根據句意應選D。9．Teenagersshouldntbe________fromschoolalthoughtheydontdowellinstudies.A．replacedB．cheatedC．removedD．ignored解析：選C考查動詞辨析。句意：盡管青少年學習不好，也不應該把他們開除。removesb.fromschool“把某人從學校開除”。replace“代替”；cheat“欺騙”；ignore“忽視”。10．________andhappy,Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.A．SurprisingB．SurprisedC．BeingsurprisedD．Tobesurprising解析：選B考查形容詞作狀語的用法。surprising多用來描述一件事或某個物品的性質，排除A、D兩項；C項用來指正在發生的動作，與題意不符。B項用來描述人的心理狀態，為形容詞作伴隨狀語。Ⅱ.完形填空It'smonlybelievedthatschoolkidsstartedtakingsummersoffinthe19thcenturysothey'dhavetimetoworkonthefarm.Niceasthatstoryis,itisn't__1__.Summervacationhaslittletodowithworkinginthe__2__andmoretodowith__3__，richcitykidsplayinghooky(逃學)andtheirparents.BeforetheCivilWar,farmkids__4__hadsummersoff.Theywenttoschoolduringthehottestand__5__monthsandstayedhomeduringthespringandfall,whencropsneededtobeplantedand__6__.Meanwhile,citykidshitthebooksallyearlong—__7__included.Butascitiesgotmorecrowded,theygothotter,__8__the“urbanheatislandeffect.”That'swhenAmerica'smiddleandupperclassfamiliesstarted__9__citiesandwenttothecooler__10__.Andthatcausedaproblem.School__11__wasn'tpulsorybackthen,and__12__werebeinglefthalf-emptyeachsummer.Lawmakersstartedarguingthatkidsshouldgetsummersoffanyway.Ithelpedthat,culturally,__13__timewasbeingmoreimportant.Withthedawnoflaborunionsandtheeight-hourworkday,workingadultsweregettingmoretimetothemselves.Advocatesforvacationtimealso__14__(incorrectly)thatthebrainwasamuscle,andlikeanymuscle,itcouldsufferinjuriesif__15__.Fromthere,theybelievedthatstudentsshouldn'tgotoschoolyear-round.Whatismore,airconditioningwasdecadesaway,andcityschoolsduringsummertimewerelike__16__.Sobytheturnofthecentury,urbandistrictshadmanagedtocutabout60schooldaysfromthehottestpartoftheyear.Ruralschoolssoon__17__thesamepattern__18__theywouldn'tfallbehind.Businessfolksobviouslysawa(n)__19__here.Thesummervacationbusiness__20__balloonedintowhatisnowoneofthecountry'slargestbillion-dollarindustries.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是說明文。文章介紹了學生暑假的由來。)1．A.trueB．funnyC．badD．fair解析：選A由下文的“Summervacationhaslittletodowithworkinginthe...”可推斷，文章開頭的說法是不“真實的(true)”。2．A.factoriesB．schoolsC．fieldsD．teams解析：選C由上文的“workonthefarm”可知，此處說的是“田地(fields)”。3．A.smartB．sweatyC．strongD．sweet解析：選B由第三段中的“Butascitiesgotmorecrowded,theygothotter”及“wenttothecooler...”可推斷，暑假的由來與“出汗的(sweaty)”富裕的城市孩子們以及他們的家長有關。4．A.alwaysB．neverC．stillD．also解析：選B由下文的“Theywenttoschoolduringthehottestand...months”可推斷，在內戰前，農村的孩子們夏天“從來不(never)”休息。5．A.coldestB．longestC．bestD．busiest解析：選A由下文的“stayedhomeduringthespringandfall”可推斷，農村的孩子們在最熱和“最冷的(coldest)”月份上學。6．A.wateredB．coveredC．harvestedD．cleared解析：選C秋天是收割莊稼的季節，故選harvested。7．A.springsB．summersC．fallsD．winters解析：選B本文主要講暑假的由來，故此處特別強調內戰前城市的孩子們“夏季(summers)”也上學。8．A.apartfromB．inspiteofC．incaseofD．thanksto解析：選D城市變擁擠的同時也變得更熱，這是“由于(thanksto)”城市熱島效應的影響。9．A.lovingB．leavingC．damagingD．forgetting解析：選B解析見下題。10．A.countrysideB．cityC．mountainD．building解析：選A城市變熱時，美國的中上層家庭開始“離開(leaving)”城市，到比較涼爽的“鄉下(countryside)”去。11．A.workB．attendanceC．ageD．uniform解析：選B由第一段末的“citykidsplayinghooky”可推斷，當時上課“出勤(attendance)”并不是強制的。12．A.hospitalsB．busesC．classroomsD．halls解析：選C大量學生逃學導致每年夏天“教室(classrooms)”里有一半是空的。13．A.hardB．localC．openingD．spare解析：選D由下文的“workingadultsweregettingmoretimetothemselves”可推斷，“空閑(spare)”時間變得重要起來。14．A.arguedB．doubtedC．decidedD．admitted解析：選A由上文的“Lawmakersstartedarguingthat”及下文假期提倡者們的主張可知，此處應選argued。15．A.brokenB．frightenedC．influencedD．overused解析：選D由下文的“theybelievedthatstudentsshouldn'tgotoschoolyear-round”可推斷，假期提倡者們認為大腦如果“被過度使用(overused)”會受到傷害。16．A.bottlesB．boxesC．drawersD．ovens解析：選D由上文的“airconditioningwasdecadesaway”可推斷，夏天的城市學校就像“烤箱(ovens)”。17．A.improvedB．adoptedC．describedD．analyzed解析：選B由下文的“theywouldn'tfallbehind”可推斷，農村學校很快“采用了(adopted)”與城市學校相同的模式。18．A.butB．thoughC．soD．unless解析：選C農村學校采用與城市學校相同的模式是為了不落后。故選so。19．A.advertisementB．challengeC．opportunityD．holiday解析：選C由下文的“Thesummervacationbusiness...balloonedintowhatisnowoneofthecountry'slargestbillion-dollarindustries”可推斷，商業人士顯然從暑假看到了“機會(opportunity)”20．A.soonB．onlyC．againD．too解析：選A由上文的“Businessfolksobviouslysawa(n)...here”可推斷，暑假商業“很快(soon)”增長為國家最大的產業之一。Ⅲ.閱讀理解“Igrewuponmonkeybars,andIneverforgethowgooditfelttogettothetopofthemwithotherchildren，”MrSternsaid.“Idon'twanttoseetheplaygroundwithoutthem.”Hisphilosophyissharedbysomeresearcherswhoquestionthevalueofsafety-firstplaygrounds.Evenifchildrendosufferfewerphysicalinjuries,re