中考英語構(gòu)詞法知識清單及詞性詞形轉(zhuǎn)換訓練一、詞性轉(zhuǎn)化詞匯清單Aableadj.能夠的→abilityn.能力→unableadj.不能的→enablev.使能夠→disablev.使殘疾actv.行動，做事→actionn.行動，行為→activeadj.積極的，活躍的→actorn.演員→actressn.女演員→activityn.活動angryadj.生氣的→angern.憤怒→angrilyadv.生氣地→amazingadj.令人驚奇的→amazedadj.感到驚訝的→amazementn.驚奇amusev.娛樂→amusedadj.感到愉快的→amusingadj.有趣的→amusementn.娛樂→amusinglyadv.有趣地apologizev.道歉→apologyn.道歉→apologeticadj.道歉的→apologeticallyadv.道歉地appearv.出現(xiàn)→appearancen.出現(xiàn)，外貌→disappearv.消失→disappearancen.消失absentadj.缺席的→absencen.缺席→absentlyadv.心不在焉地abundantadj.豐富的→abundancen.豐富→abundantlyadv.豐富地→abundantnessn.豐富性acceptv.接受→acceptableadj.可接受的→acceptancen.接受→unacceptableadj.不可接受的→acceptablyadv.可接受地Bbasen.基礎(chǔ)→basicadj.基本的→basicallyadv.基本地→basementn.地下室→baselinen.基線braveadj.勇敢的→bravelyadv.勇敢地→braveryn.勇敢buildv.建造→buildingn.建筑物→builtadj.建造的→rebuildv.重建→buildern.建筑工人busyadj.忙碌的→businessn.商業(yè)，生意→businessmann.商人→businesslikeadj.實際的→busynessn.忙碌balancev.平衡→balancedadj.平衡的→balancingn.權(quán)衡→balancen.平衡→unbalancedadj.不平衡的borrowv.借→borrowern.借入者→borrowableadj.可借的→borrowingn.借入→lendv.借出→lendern.借出者→lendingn.借出breakv.打破→brokenadj.破碎的→breakingn.打破→breakfastn.早餐→breakagen.破損broadcastv.廣播→broadcastern.廣播員→broadcastingn.廣播→broadcastadj.廣播的→broadlyadv.廣泛地breathev.呼吸→breathn.呼吸→breathingn.呼吸→breathableadj.可呼吸的→breathlessadj.無法呼吸的burnv.燃燒→burned/burntadj.燒傷的→burningn.燃燒→burnern.燃燒器→burnableadj.可燃的→unburnedadj.未燒的Ccarev.在意，關(guān)心→carefuladj.小心的→carefullyadv.小心地→carelessnessn.粗心→carelessadj.粗心的→caringadj.有同情心的centren.中心點→centraladj.中心的→centrallyadv.在中心地→centripetaladj.向心的→centrifugaladj.離心的childn.孩子→childrenn.孩子們→childhoodn.童年→childlikeadj.天真的→childishadj.孩子氣的colourn.顏色→colourfuladj.色彩豐富的→colourlesslyadv.不鮮艷地→colourlessadj.無色的→colouryadj.有色彩的createv.創(chuàng)造→creativeadj.有創(chuàng)造力的→creativityn.創(chuàng)造性→creationn.創(chuàng)造→creaturen.生物comev.來→camepast.來→comingn.來臨considerv.考慮→considerateadj.體貼的→considerationn.考慮→considerableadj.相當大的→unconsideredadj.未考慮的completev.完成→completeadj.完整的→completelyadv.完全地→completionn.完成→incompleteadj.不完整的connectv.連接→connectionn.連接→connectedadj.連接的→connectingn.連接→disconnectionn.斷開confusev.使困惑→confusedadj.感到困惑的→confusingadj.令人困惑的→confusionn.困惑→unconfusedadj.不困惑的Ddevelopv.發(fā)展→developmentn.發(fā)展→developedadj.發(fā)達的→developingadj.發(fā)展中的→underdevelopedadj.不發(fā)達的diev.死亡→deadadj.死的→deathn.死亡→dyingadj.臨死的→diehardadj.倔強的→immortaladj.不朽的differentadj.不同的→differencen.差異→differv.不同→indifferentadj.冷漠的→differentialn.差異difficultadj.困難的→difficultyn.困難→difficultlyadv.困難地→difficultyadj.困難→undifficultadj.不困難的dividev.分開→divisionn.分開→divisorn.除數(shù)→dividendn.被除數(shù)→dividen.分水嶺→indivisibleadj.不可分的drivev.駕駛→drivern.司機→drivingn.駕駛→drivenpastparticiple駕駛→overdriven.超速檔→underdrivev.低速行駛dangern.危險→dangerousadj.危險的→dangerouslyadv.危險地→safetyn.安全→endangerv.危及→secureadj.安全的decidev.決定→decisionn.決定→decisiveadj.決定性的→decisivelyadv.決定性地→undecidedadj.未決定的decreasev.減少→decreasen.減少→decreasingadj.減少的→decreasinglyadv.逐漸減少地→increasev.增加→increasingadj.增加的discussv.討論→discussionn.討論→discussiveadj.討論的→discussibleadj.可討論的→undiscussedadj.未討論的Eeducationn.教育→educationaladj.有教育意義的→educatedadj.受過教育的→educatev.教育→educatorn.教育者→miseducatev.誤教→uneducatedadj.未受過教育的electricadj.電的→electricityn.電力→electricaladj.電的→electronn.電子→electronicadj.電子的→non-electricadj.非電的economyn.經(jīng)濟→economicadj.經(jīng)濟的→economicaladj.節(jié)約的→economistn.經(jīng)濟學家→economizev.節(jié)約→uneconomicaladj.不節(jié)約的emphasizev.強調(diào)→emphasisn.強調(diào)→emphaticadj.強調(diào)的→emphaticallyadv.強調(diào)地→unemphaticadj.不強調(diào)的→emphasizableadj.可強調(diào)的entitlev.給……權(quán)利→entitledadj.有權(quán)利的→entitlementn.權(quán)利→disentitlev.剝奪權(quán)利equaladj.相等的→equalityn.平等→equalizev.使相等→equallyadv.同等地→unequaladj.不相等的environmentn.環(huán)境→environmentaladj.環(huán)境的→environmentallyadv.環(huán)境地→unenvironmentaladj.不環(huán)保的→environmentalistn.環(huán)保主義者excludev.排除→exclusionn.排除→exclusiveadj.排他的→exclusivelyadv.專門地→inclusivenessn.包容性→inclusiveadj.包容的existv.存在→existencen.存在→existentadj.存在的→existingadj.現(xiàn)有的→non-existentadj.不存在的→extinctadj.滅絕的expectv.期望→expectationn.期望→expectedadj.預期的→unexpectedadj.意外的Ffailv.失敗→failuren.失敗→failedadj.失敗的→failingadj.衰退的→unfailinglyadv.總是。famousadj.著名的→famen.名聲→infamousadj.臭名昭著的→famouslyadv.著名地。faradj.遠的→furtheradv.更遠地→farthestadv.最遠地→farnessn.遠。fastadj.快的→fasteradj.更快的→fastestadj.最快的→quicklyadv.快地。fatadj.胖的→fatteradj.更胖的→fattestadj.最胖的→fattyadj.含脂肪的。fearv.害怕→fearfuladj.害怕的→fearlessadj.無畏的→fearfullyadv.害怕地。feedv.喂養(yǎng)→fedadj.被喂養(yǎng)的→feedingn.喂養(yǎng)→feedern.喂養(yǎng)者。feelv.感覺→feelingn.感覺→feltadj.感覺到的→unfeelingadj.無情的。fightv.戰(zhàn)斗→fightern.戰(zhàn)斗者→fightingn.戰(zhàn)斗→foughtv.戰(zhàn)斗（過去式）。fillv.填滿→filledadj.被填滿的→fillingadj.令人滿足的→fillern.填充物。Ggentleadj.溫柔的→gentlyadv.溫柔地→gentlemann.紳士→ungentleadj.粗暴的。gladadj.高興的→gladlyadv.高興地→gladnessn.高興→ungladadj.不高興的。gratefuladj.感激的→gratefullyadv.感激地→gratefulnessn.感激→ungratefuladj.不感激的。greatadj.偉大的→greatlyadv.偉大地→greatnessn.偉大→ungreatadj.不偉大的。greedyadj.貪婪的→greedilyadv.貪婪地→greedinessn.貪婪→ungreedyadj.不貪婪的。growv.生長→grewv.生長（過去式）→grownadj.成長的→growthn.生長。guidev.引導→guidancen.引導→guidebookn.指南→guidelessadj.無引導的。grindv.磨碎→grindstonen.磨石→grindableadj.可磨碎的→ungrindableadj.無法磨碎的。Hharmn.傷害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.無害的→harmlesslyadv.無害地。hastenv.趕緊→hasten.匆忙→hastilyadv.匆忙地→hastyadj.急促的。headn.頭→headachen.頭痛→headlessadj.無頭的→headstrongadj.頑固的。heavenn.天堂→heavenlyadj.天堂的→heaven-sentadj.天賜的→unheavenlyadj.非天堂的。heightn.高度→heightenv.增高→heightenedadj.加強的→highnessn.高貴。heavyadj.重的→heavilyadv.沉重地→heavinessn.重量→lightadj.輕的。hurtv.傷害→hurtadj.受傷的→hurtfuladj.傷害的→unhurtadj.未受傷的。housen.房子→householdn.家庭→housekeepern.家庭管理員→houselikeadj.像房子的。holyadj.神圣的→holinessn.圣潔→unholyadj.不神圣的。humorousadj.幽默的→humorouslyadv.幽默地→humorn.幽默→unhumorousadj.不幽默的。Iilladj.生病的→illnessn.疾病→illnessesn.各種疾病→unilladj.不生病的→illlyadv.生病地importantadj.重要的→importancen.重要性→importantlyadv.重要地→unimportantadj.不重要的→significancen.重要性impressv.給……留下印象→impressionn.印象→impressiveadj.令人印象深刻的→unimpressedadj.不受感動的→impressibleadj.可以留下印象的improvev.改善→improvementn.改善→increasableadj.可增加的→unimprovedadj.未改善的→amelioratev.改善increasev.增加→increasen.增加→increasableadj.可增加的→increasinglyadv.越來越多地→decreasev.減少independentadj.獨立的→independencen.獨立→independentlyadv.獨立地→dependentadj.依賴的→interdependentadj.互相依賴的interestn.興趣→interestedadj.感興趣的→interestingadj.令人感興趣的→uninterestedadj.不感興趣的→disinterestv.使失去興趣intelligentadj.聰明的→intelligentlyadv.聰明地→intelligencen.智力→unintelligentadj.不聰明的→intellectualadj.知識的invitev.邀請→invitationn.邀請→invitern.邀請者→inviteen.被邀請者→uninvitedadj.未被邀請的ironn.鐵→ironicadj.諷刺的→ironicallyadv.諷刺地Jjoinv.加入→joinedadj.聯(lián)合的→joiningn.連接→jointn.關(guān)節(jié)→jointlyadv.共同地journeyn.旅行→journeymann.熟練工人→journeywiseadv.旅行中→journeyern.旅行者→outjourneyv.比……旅行更遠joyn.快樂→joyfuladj.快樂的→joyfullyadv.快樂地→joylessadj.無快樂的→enjoyv.享受justadj.正義的→justicen.正義→justlyadv.公正地→unjustadj.不公正的→injusticen.不公正jumpv.跳躍→jumpern.跳躍者→jumpingn.跳躍→jumpedadj.跳躍的→overjumpv.跳過joken.笑話→jokern.開玩笑的人→jokingadj.開玩笑的→jokelessadj.無笑話的→jokyadj.開玩笑的judgev.判斷→judgmentn.判斷→judicialadj.司法的→judicaturen.司法權(quán)→judgern.判斷者juicyadj.多汁的→juicinessn.多汁→juicen.果汁→juicilyadv.多汁地→ajuicyadj.無汁的Kkeepv.保持→keptadj.被保持的→keepingn.保持→keepern.保持者→unkeepv.不保持kindadj.友善的→kindlyadv.友善地→kindnessn.友善→unkindadj.不友善的→kindishadj.稍微友善的knowv.知道→knowledgen.知識→knowableadj.可知的→unknownadj.未知的→knowinglyadv.故意地keyn.鑰匙→keyboardn.鍵盤→keyholen.鑰匙孔→keynoten.主題→keylessadj.無鑰匙的knockv.敲→knockern.敲門者→knockingn.敲→knocklessadj.無敲的→knockdownn.擊倒knotn.結(jié)→knotlessadj.無結(jié)的→knottyadj.多結(jié)的→unknotv.解開→knottingn.打結(jié)knowledgeableadj.博學的→knowledgeablenessn.博學→knowledgeablyadv.博學地→unknowledgeableadj.不博學的→knowledgelessnessn.無知Llateadj.遲的→lateradv.后來→latestadj.最新的→latelyadv.最近lastadj.最后的→lastingadj.持久的→lastlyadv.最后laughv.笑→laughtern.笑聲→laughableadj.可笑的learnv.學習→learnedadj.博學的→learningn.學習→learnern.學習者→unlearnedadj.未學的leavev.離開→leftadj.左邊的→leavingn.離開→leavern.離開者→unleavenedadj.未發(fā)酵的lendv.借出→lendern.借出者→lendingn.借出→borrowv.借入→borrowern.借入者lessadj.較少的→leastadj.最少的→lessonn.課程→lessenv.減少letv.允許→lettingn.出租→lettern.字母likev.喜歡→likeableadj.可愛的→likelinessn.相似→unlikeadj.不像的→unlikenessn.不像livev.生活→livedadj.經(jīng)歷過的→livingadj.活著的→livelinessn.活潑→lifelessadj.無生命的Mmakev.制作→makern.制作者→makingn.制作→remakev.重做→unmadeadj.未制作的manyadj.許多的→muchadj.許多的→moreadj.更多的→mostadj.最多的→unmanyadj.不多的mindv.介意→mindedadj.介意的→mindlessadj.無意識的→unmindfuladj.不介意的→mindfulnessn.介意movev.移動→movern.移動者→movingadj.感人的→movedadj.受感動的→unmovedadj.不為所動的meetv.遇見→meetingn.會議→meetern.遇見者→unmetadj.未遇見的→meetinglessadj.無會議的mindv.介意→mindedadj.介意的→mindlessadj.無意識的→unmindfuladj.不介意的→mindfulnessn.介意→mindfuladj.體貼的movev.移動→movern.移動者→movingadj.感人的→movedadj.受感動的→unmovedadj.不為所動的manyadj.許多的→muchadj.許多的→moreadj.更多的→mostadj.最多的Nnamen.名字→namelessadj.無名的→namelyadv.即→misnamev.誤稱→unnamedadj.未命名的nationn.國家→nationaladj.國家的→nationalityn.國籍→internationaladj.國際的→non-nationaladj.非國家的nearadj.近的→neareradj.更近的→nearestadj.最近的→nearnessn.接近→farnessn.遠newadj.新的→neweradj.更新的→newestadj.最新的nightn.夜晚→nightlyadv.每夜→nightlessadj.無夜晚的→nighttimen.夜間noisen.噪音→noisyadj.嘈雜的→noiselessadj.無噪音的→noisilyadv.嘈雜地→unnoisyadj.不嘈雜的northn.北方→northernadj.北方的→northwardadv.向北→northboundadj.開往北方的→southboundadj.開往南方的noten.筆記→notableadj.顯著的→notationn.記號→notedadj.被注意的→unnotedadj.未被注意的Oopenv.打開→openedadj.被打開的→openingn.開始→openern.開始者→unopenedadj.未被打開的overadv.在……上→overlyadv.過度地→overmuchadv.過多地→overtlyadv.公開地→unoveradj.未在……上oldadj.舊的→olderadj.更舊的→oldestadj.最舊的→oldnessn.舊→newnessn.新onlyadj.唯一的→onlyadv.只有→onlinessn.唯一→unonlyadj.不唯一的→lonelyadj.孤獨的outadv.向外→outsiden.外部→outdooradj.戶外的→outwardadj.向外的→unoutadj.未向外offadv.離開→officialadj.官方的→officen.辦公室→officern.官員→unofficialadj.非官方的onceadv.一旦→oncern.一次→oncesn.一次→oncestadj.最初的→twiceadv.兩次oftenadv.經(jīng)常→ofteneradv.更經(jīng)?！鷒ftenestadv.最經(jīng)?！鷒ftenlyadv.時常→unoftenadv.不經(jīng)常overcomev.克服→overcomern.克服者→overcomingadj.克服的→unovercomableadj.不可克服的→overcomableadj.可克服的ownv.擁有→ownedadj.被擁有的→owningn.擁有→ownern.擁有者→unownedadj.未被擁有的Pparentn.父母→parentaladj.父母的→parenthoodn.為人父母→steparentn.繼父母partn.部分→partlyadv.部分地→partlessadj.無部分的→partialadj.部分的→unpartialadj.不偏袒的passv.通過→passedadj.通過的→passingn.通過→passern.通過者→unpassedadj.未通過的payv.支付→paidadj.已支付的→payingn.支付→payern.支付者→unpaidadj.未支付的playv.玩耍→playedadj.被玩耍的→playingn.玩?！鷓layern.玩耍者→unplayedadj.未被玩耍的pleasev.使高興→pleasedadj.高興的→pleasingadj.令人高興的→pleasuren.高興→unpleasedadj.不高興的possibleadj.可能的→possiblyadv.可能地→possibilityn.可能→impossibleadj.不可能的→unpossibleadj.不可能的putv.放置→puttedadj.被放置的→puttingn.放置→puttern.放置者→unputadj.未被放置的promisev.承諾→promisedadj.被承諾的→promisingadj.有希望的→promisern.承諾者→unpromisedadj.未被承諾的practicev.練習→practisedadj.被練習的→practisingn.練習→practitionern.練習者→unpractisedadj.未被練習的Qquickadj.快的→quicklyadv.快地→quicknessn.快速→quickenedadj.加速的→unquickenedadj.未加速的quietadj.安靜的→quietlyadv.安靜地→quietnessn.安靜→unquietadj.不安靜的→restlessadj.不安的quitv.放棄→quittedadj.被放棄的→quittingn.放棄→quittern.放棄者→unquitadj.未放棄的quiteadv.相當→quietlyadv.安靜地→quitenessn.相當→unquitenessn.不相當→ratheradv.相當qualityn.質(zhì)量→qualifiedadj.合格的→qualifyv.使合格→unqualifiedadj.不合格的→highqualityn.高質(zhì)量questionv.詢問→questionedadj.被詢問的→questioningadj.質(zhì)疑的→questionern.詢問者→unquestionedadj.未被詢問的quickadj.快的→quicklyadv.快地→quicknessn.快速→quickenedadj.加速的quietadj.安靜的→quietlyadv.安靜地→quietnessn.安靜→unquietadj.不安靜的quitv.放棄→quittedadj.被放棄的→quittingn.放棄→quittern.放棄者→unquitadj.未放棄的→quittableadj.可放棄的Rreadv.閱讀→readern.讀者→readingn.閱讀→readableadj.可閱讀的→unreadadj.未閱讀的runv.跑步→ranv.跑（過去式）→runningn.跑步→runnern.跑步者→unrunadj.未跑的restv.休息→restedadj.休息的→restingn.休息→restlessadj.不安的→unrestedadj.未休息的risev.上升→rosev.上升（過去式）→risenadj.上升的→risingadj.上升的→unrisenadj.未上升的readv.閱讀→readern.讀者→readingn.閱讀→readableadj.可閱讀的→unreadadj.未閱讀的→readilyadv.容易地runv.跑步→ranv.跑（過去式）→runningn.跑步→runnern.跑步者→unrunadj.未跑的→runnableadj.可跑的restv.休息→restedadj.休息的→restingn.休息→restlessadj.不安的→unrestedadj.未休息的→restfuladj.休息的Ssafeadj.安全的→safetyn.安全→safelyadv.安全地→unsafeadj.不安全的→dangerousadj.危險的sellv.賣→sellern.賣者→sellingn.賣→soldadj.被賣的→unsoldadj.未賣的seev.看見→sawv.看見（過去式）→seenadj.被看見的→sightn.視力→unseenadj.未被看見的sayv.說→saidv.說（過去式）→sayingn.諺語→speakern.說話者→unsaidadj.未說的singv.唱歌→sangv.唱（過去式）→sungadj.被唱的→singern.歌手→unsungadj.未被唱的sitv.坐→satv.坐（過去式）→sittingn.坐→sittern.坐著的人→unsittingadj.未坐的sleepv.睡覺→sleptv.睡覺（過去式）→sleepingn.睡覺→sleepern.睡覺者→unsleepingadj.不睡覺的smalladj.小的→smalleradj.更小的→smallestadj.最小的→smallnessn.小→bigadj.大的softadj.軟的→softeradj.更軟的→softestadj.最軟的→softnessn.軟→hardadj.硬的strongadj.強壯的→strongeradj.更強壯的→strongestadj.最強壯的→strengthn.力量→weakadj.虛弱的Ttakev.拿→tookv.拿（過去式）→takenadj.被拿的→takern.拿取者→untakenadj.未被拿的teachv.教→teachern.教師→teachingn.教學→taughtv.教（過去式）→unteachableadj.無法教的tellv.告訴→toldv.告訴（過去式）→tellingn.告訴→tellern.告訴者→untoldadj.未被告訴的thinkv.想→thoughtn.想法→thinkern.思想家→thinkingn.思考→unthinkableadj.難以想象的testv.測試→testedadj.被測試的→testingn.測試→testern.測試者→untestedadj.未被測試的turnv.轉(zhuǎn)→turnedadj.轉(zhuǎn)向的→turningn.轉(zhuǎn)向→turnern.轉(zhuǎn)向者→unturnedadj.未轉(zhuǎn)向的takev.拿→tookv.拿（過去式）→takenadj.被拿的→takern.拿取者→untakenadj.未被拿的→takableadj.可拿的teachv.教→teachern.教師→teachingn.教學→taughtv.教（過去式）→unteachableadj.無法教的→teachableadj.可教的tellv.告訴→toldv.告訴（過去式）→tellingn.告訴→tellern.告訴者→untoldadj.未被告訴的→tellableadj.可告訴的thinkv.想→thoughtn.想法→thinkern.思想家→thinkingn.思考→unthinkableadj.難以想象的→thinkableadj.可以想象的Uunhappyadj.不快樂的→unhappinessn.不快樂→unhappilyadv.不快樂地→happyadj.快樂的→unhappyishadj.稍微不快樂的untilprep.直到→untilnowadv.直到現(xiàn)在→untilthenadv.直到那時→untillableadj.無法耕種的→untilledadj.未耕種的upsetadj.難過的→upsettingadj.令人難過的→upsetnessn.難過→unupsetadj.不難過的→upsettedadj.被難過的understandv.理解→understoodv.理解（過去式）→understandingn.理解→ununderstandableadj.不可理解的→understandableadj.可以理解的unitev.團結(jié)→unitedadj.團結(jié)的→unionn.聯(lián)合→unitelessadj.無團結(jié)的→unitednessn.團結(jié)usev.使用→usedadj.用過的→usefuladj.有用的→uselessadj.無用的→unusefuladj.不有用的universen.宇宙→universaladj.普遍的→universallyadv.普遍地→universenessn.普遍性→universelessadj.無宇宙的upperadj.上部的→uppermostadj.最上的→upperclassadj.上層階級的→uppercutn.上鉤拳→uppercrustn.上層社會unknownadj.未知的→unknownlyadv.未知地→unknownnessn.未知→knowableadj.可知的→unknowableadj.不可知的unlikeadj.不像的→unlikenessn.不像→unlikeableadj.不可愛的→unlikeablenessn.不可愛→unlikeabilityn.不可愛Vvaluev.重視→valuableadj.有價值的→valuablenessn.有價值→unvaluableadj.無價值的→valuelessadj.無價值的visitv.訪問→visitorn.訪問者→visitingn.訪問→unvisitedadj.未被訪問的→visitlessadj.無訪問的variousadj.各種各樣的→variouslyadv.各種各樣地→varietyn.多樣性→unvariedadj.未變化的→unvariousadj.不多樣的vastadj.廣闊的→vastlyadv.廣闊地→vastnessn.廣闊→unvastadj.不廣闊的→vastlessnessn.不廣闊veryadj.非常的→verynessn.非?！鷙erylyadv.非常地→unveryadj.不非常的→veryishadj.稍微非常的viewv.觀看→viewern.觀看者→viewingn.觀看→unviewedadj.未被觀看的→viewlessadj.無觀看的votev.投票→votern.投票者→votingn.投票→unvotedadj.未投票的→votelessadj.無投票的vocabularyn.詞匯→vocabulariesn.詞匯→vocabularistn.詞匯專家→vocabularisticadj.詞匯的→vocabularylessadj.無詞匯的vesseln.容器→vessellikeadj.像容器的→vesselmentn.容器→vesselwiseadv.容器中→vessellessadj.無容器的violentadj.暴力的→violentlyadv.暴力地→violencen.暴力→non-violentadj.非暴力的→unviolentadj.不暴力的Wwantv.想要→wantedadj.被通緝的→wantingn.缺乏→wantlessadj.不缺乏的→unwantedadj.不想要的washv.洗→washedadj.被洗的→washingn.洗→washern.洗衣機→unwashedadj.未洗的weakadj.虛弱的→weakeradj.更虛弱的→weakestadj.最虛弱的→weaknessn.虛弱→strongadj.強壯的wearv.穿→worev.穿（過去式）→wornadj.穿舊的→wearern.穿著者→unwornadj.未穿的weekn.周→weeklyadj.每周的→weekdayn.工作日→weekendn.周末→unweekadj.非周的weightn.重量→weightedadj.加權(quán)的→weightlessadj.無重量的→weightinessn.重量→unweightedadj.未加權(quán)的whiteadj.白的→whiteradj.更白的→whitestadj.最白的→whitenessn.白→non-whiteadj.非白的wholeadj.整個的→whollyadv.整個地→wholenessn.整個→unwholeadj.不整個的→wholeheartedadj.全心全意的winv.贏得→wonv.贏得（過去式）→winnern.贏得者→winnableadj.可贏得的→unwonadj.未贏得的Yyearlyadj.每年的→yearlinessn.每年→yearlyadv.每年地→unyearlyadj.不每年的→yearlessadj.無年的yellv.大喊→yelledadj.被大喊的→yellingn.大喊→yellern.大喊者→unyelledadj.未被大喊的youngadj.年輕的→youngeradj.更年輕的→youngestadj.最年輕的→youthn.年輕→youthfuladj.年輕的Zzeron.零→zeroesn.零→non-zeroadj.非零的二、構(gòu)詞法知識梳理合成法(Compounding)1.合成名詞合成方法例詞名詞+名詞horseback馬背armchair扶手椅newspaper報紙bookstore書店classroom教室teamwork團隊合作waterfall瀑布daytime白天形容詞+名詞highway公路mainland大陸worldwide全世界的software軟件greenhouse溫室highway高速公路forehead前額blackboard黑板動詞-ing+名詞hiding-place隱藏處reading-room閱覽室dining-room餐廳flying-fish飛魚動詞+副詞break-in破門而入breakdown破裂；故障breakup分裂breakthrough突破副詞+動詞output產(chǎn)量overflow溢出；淹沒overcome克服；戰(zhàn)勝outbreak爆發(fā)動詞+名詞pickpocket小偷chopstick筷子typewriter打字機daybreak黎明介詞/副詞+名詞online在線地afternoon下午overcoat長大衣downtown市中心代詞+名詞he-goat公山羊she-wolf母狼somebody某人anything任何事物名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞handwriting書法bodybuilding健身weightlifting舉重sun-bathing日光浴名詞+介詞+名詞father-in-law岳父daughter-in-law兒媳editor-in-chief主編son-in-law女婿合成形容詞例詞kind-hearted心地善良的white-haired頭發(fā)花白的short-sighted目光短淺的left-handed左撇子的simple-minded頭腦簡單的形容詞+名詞first-class第一流的full-time全職的long-term長期的second-hand二手的名詞+形容詞duty-free免關(guān)稅的snow-white雪白的seasick暈船的world-famous世界著名的形容詞+形容詞dark-blue深藍的light-green淺綠色的red-hot熾熱的bitter-sweet甜中有苦的形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞easy-going隨和的funny-looking滑稽的good-looking漂亮的English-speaking講英語的副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞far-reaching影響深遠的far-seeing有遠見的well-meaning善意的outstanding突出的副詞+過去分詞highly-developed高度發(fā)達的名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞English-speaking說英語的heartbreaking令人心碎的time-saving省時的名詞+過去分詞home-made自制的man-made人造的snow-covered被雪覆蓋的so-called所謂的one-sided片面的four-cornered四邊形的six-storied六層樓的four-legged四足的face-to-face面對面的two-year-old兩歲大的400-meter-long400米長all-round全面的3.合成動詞名詞+動詞sleepwalk夢游sunbathe沐日光浴babysit照料孩子typewrite

打字形容詞+動詞white-wash粉刷broadcast

廣播safeguard保護dry-clean干洗副詞+動詞underline強調(diào)overcome克服oversleep睡過頭upset使煩惱downstairs在樓下otherwise否則somewhat稍微everywhere處處online在線地合成代詞somebody某人anything任何事物something某物知識點2派生法(Derivation)一、常見前綴1.否定前綴示例不、無、非、未unfriendly不友好的untidy不整潔的unhappy不快樂的unusual不尋常的不、非、相反impossible不可能的incorrect不正確的irregular無規(guī)律的illegal非法的不、非、相反disadvantage缺點；劣勢dishonest不誠實的disagree不同意dislike不喜歡除去；否定或相反；降低decrease減少degrade降低(質(zhì)量)deport驅(qū)逐出境devalue使貶值non-smoker不吸煙的人non-smoking禁止吸煙的non-stop直達的；途中不停留的non-nmisspell拼錯mistrust不信任misfortune不幸2.表示時間、序列關(guān)系的前綴前綴含義例詞fore-foreleg前腿foretell預言；預知forehead前額forecast預報pre-prediction預言preview預演prewar戰(zhàn)前的prepay預付post-后的postwar戰(zhàn)后的postgraduate研究生postpone推遲postponement延期；延后re-又；再；重新recycle回收利用renew重新開始rebuild重建retell復述subway地鐵subdue征服；克制submerge淹沒submarine潛水艇ex-president前總統(tǒng)ex-wife前妻前綴意義例詞overpopulation人口過多oversleep睡過頭overtime加班overtake超過微小的microphone麥克風microchip微芯片microscope顯微鏡microwave微波多的multimedia多媒體的multiculturamultinational跨國的；多國的multipurpose多用途的；多功能的副的vice-president副總統(tǒng)vivice-minister副部長vice-chairman副主席subtitle副標題suburban郊區(qū)的substandard低于標準的subnormal低于正常的半semicircle半圓形semifinal半決賽三triangle三角形tricycle三輪腳踏車4.表示距離等關(guān)系的前綴意義例詞遠的；遠距離變換；改變；轉(zhuǎn)移transform轉(zhuǎn)變translattransport運輸；運送5.引起詞性變化的前綴a-在上；向；在狀態(tài)中aground擱淺ahead向前面asleep睡著aside在旁邊使……處于某種狀態(tài)enable使能夠enrich使豐富endanger使遭危險；危及6.表示其他意義的前綴前綴意義例詞自動的；自己的autobiography自傳automatic自動的automation自動化automobile汽車生態(tài)的；經(jīng)濟的eco-friendly對生態(tài)環(huán)境友好的ecology生態(tài)學ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)economy經(jīng)濟；經(jīng)濟制度生物的相互的interact互動；相互作用international國際的interaction相互作用；相互影響Internet互聯(lián)網(wǎng)超級；超superman超人superior較高的；優(yōu)越的co-聯(lián)合；共同cooperation合作connect把…聯(lián)系起來coordinate同等的；協(xié)調(diào)companion伙伴mid-在中間midday中午midnight午夜midweek周中midyear年中二、意義例詞……的人或物cooker炊具inventor發(fā)明家liar說謊者……的專家；……地方的人American美國人historian歷史學家politician政治家musician從；表示女a(chǎn)ctress女演員princess公主hostess女主人waitress女服務員employee雇員interviewee接受采訪者examinee應試者payee收款人engineer工程師mountaineer登山者pioneer先驅(qū)volunteer志愿者existence存在preference更喜歡；偏愛importance重要行為、狀態(tài)或(行動的)結(jié)果attraction吸引celebration慶祝impression印象explanation解釋graduation畢業(yè)invention發(fā)明的行為(結(jié)果)development發(fā)展disappointment失望achievement成就encouragement鼓舞illness疾病happiness幸福carelessness粗心courage勇氣usage使用情況過程、結(jié)果pressure壓力狀態(tài)(職位、地位、領(lǐng)域、群體等)freedom自由kingdom王國seldom很少wisdom智慧的狀態(tài)(性質(zhì))boyhood青少年時代childhood童年brotherhood兄弟關(guān)系neighborhood街區(qū)表示狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、品質(zhì)、地位、資格friendship友誼leadership領(lǐng)導才能ownership所有權(quán)relationship關(guān)系的動作、過程或結(jié)果painting繪畫handful一把mouthful一口beautiful美麗的spoonful一勺curiosity好奇difficulty困難2.形容詞后綴后綴意義例詞cloudy多云的sunny晴朗的funny滑稽的sleepy困倦的有關(guān)的natural自然的technical技術(shù)的facial面部的可(能以)的；具有性質(zhì)的imaginable可想的suitable合適的valuable寶貴的-ant,-ent有性質(zhì)的important重要的pleasant令人愉快的excellent優(yōu)秀的confident自信的basic基本的energetic精力充沛的scientific科學的-ish有性質(zhì)的；像似的；國家的childish孩子氣的English英語的foolish愚蠢的Danish丹麥的傾向的；具有性質(zhì)的sensitive敏感的effective有效的relative相關(guān)的有性質(zhì)(或傾向)的cheerful高興的faithful忠實的thankful感激的powerful力量大的-lessendless無休止的meaningless有性質(zhì)的dangerous危險的famous著名的nervous緊張的-ed有的；有特征的tired疲倦的interested感興趣的excited激動的moved受到感動的golden金色的wooden木制的earthen土質(zhì)的屬于某地方；有特征的Canadian加拿大的yearly每年的costly昂貴的friendly友好的lively活躍的eastern東方的western西方的southern南方的northern北方的3.副詞后綴意義例詞(多用于形容詞詞尾)以angrily生氣地economically經(jīng)濟地slowly慢suddenly突然地(表示方向)向backward(s)向后no4.動詞后綴意義例詞beatify美化satisfy滿意以方式說(想；行動);sharpen(使)變得鋒利知識點3轉(zhuǎn)化法(Conversion)三、中考英語詞形詞性轉(zhuǎn)換100題1．Sometimesbrothersorsisterswill(agree)witheachother,buttheystillcareabouteachother.【答案】disagree【詳解】句意：有時兄弟姐妹會彼此意見不合，但他們?nèi)匀魂P(guān)心對方。根據(jù)“buttheystillcareabouteachother”可知，這里指彼此意見不合，此處需填反義詞，disagree“不同意”，是動詞，will后接動詞原形，故填disagree。2．Emma’sdreamistobecomeafamouswhenshegrowsup.(design)【答案】designer【詳解】句意：Emma的夢想是長大后成為一名著名的設(shè)計師。動詞design意為“設(shè)計”，根據(jù)句意可知需要名詞形式designer表示“設(shè)計師”，且前面有不定冠詞a修飾，故填designer。3．Theactof(kind)fromthestrangerwarmedmyheartonthecoldwinterday.【答案】kindness【詳解】句意：陌生人的善意之舉溫暖了我在那個寒冷冬天的內(nèi)心。根據(jù)“Theactof...fromthestranger”和提示詞可知，此處表示陌生人的善意之舉，of后接名詞，kind的名詞為kindness，且為不可數(shù)名詞。故填kindness。4．Neil’sneighbour,MrSmith,isacomputer(engine).Heoftenhelpspeoplechecktheircomputers.【答案】engineer【詳解】句意：Neil的鄰居Smith先生是位計算機工程師。他經(jīng)常幫助人們檢查電腦。前面有冠詞a，后面填一個名詞。根據(jù)“Heoftenhelpspeoplechecktheircomputers.”可知，Smith先生經(jīng)常幫助人們檢查電腦，說明他是計算機工程師，engine為動詞，名詞形式是加后綴er變成engineer，表示“工程師”。故填engineer。5．Tomgotlostintheforest.(luck),hefoundtherightwaytogetoutatlast.【答案】Luckily【詳解】句意：湯姆在森林里迷了路。幸運的是，他最后找到了正確的出路。luck“運氣”，名詞；根據(jù)“hefoundtherightwaytogetoutatlast.”可知，他最后找到了出路，應用副詞luckily“幸運地”，修飾整個句子，句首單詞首字母應大寫。故填Luckily。6．Tomistraininghardintheswimmingpool.Hereallywantstobeagreat(swim).【答案】swimmer【詳解】句意：湯姆正在游泳池里刻苦訓練。他很想成為一名優(yōu)秀的游泳運動員。結(jié)合句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，橫線處需填名詞被其前的“agreat”修飾，因此將括號內(nèi)的動詞“swim”改成其對應的表示人的名詞swimmer以表達他很想成為一名優(yōu)秀的游泳運動員。故填swimmer。7．Nothingis(possible)ifyouputyourheartinit.【答案】impossible【詳解】句意：只要你用心，沒有什么是不可能的。根據(jù)“ifyouputyourheartintoit.”可知，此處應是沒有什么是不可能的，possible“可能的”，形容詞，此處應是其反義詞impossible“不可能的”。故填impossible。8．Yourroomis(tidy).Yourtoysareallonthefloor.【答案】untidy【詳解】句意：你的房間不整潔。你的玩具都在地板上。根據(jù)“Yourtoysareallonthefloor.”可推斷，房間是不整潔的，tidy作形容詞意為“整潔的”，此處變?yōu)榉戳x詞untidy“不整潔的”，在句中作表語。故填untidy。9．Itwouldbe(wise)tocommentonthesituationwithoutknowingallthefacts.【答案】unwise【詳解】句意：在不知道所有事實的情況下對這種情況發(fā)表評論是不明智的。根據(jù)“withoutknowingallthefacts”可知，在不了解所有事實的情況下評論局勢是不明智的，wise是“明智的”，其反義詞是unwise，意為“不明智的”，符合題意。故填unwise。10．You’dbetteraskothersforhelp.It’s(possible)tofinishtheworkaloneinoneday.【答案】impossible【詳解】句意：你最好向別人求助。一天之內(nèi)獨自完成這項工作是不可能的。根據(jù)“You’dbetteraskothersforhelp”可知，此處建議向別人求助，可推知一天之內(nèi)獨自完成這項工作事不可能的，此句是itis+形容詞+forsb.+todo句型，意為“對某人來說做某事是……的”，需要填入表示“不可能的”形容詞。故填impossible。11．Don’tmakemuchnoiseinpublic.It’s(polite).【答案】impolite【詳解】句意：不要在公共場合制造太多噪音。這是不禮貌的。根據(jù)“Don’tmakemuchnoiseinpublic”可知，在公共場合制造太多噪音是不禮貌的，應用形容詞impolite“不禮貌的”，故填impolite。12．WaltDisneybecame(success)afterhemadecartoonswithMickeyMouse.【答案】successful【詳解】句意：華特·迪士尼在制作了米老鼠動畫片后變得很成功。根據(jù)“WaltDisneybecame...”可知，此處表示變得很成功，形容詞作表語，success“成功”，其形容詞為successful。故填successful。13．Peopleinthatcitypreparedtotheirhousesaftertheterribleflood.(build)【答案】rebuild【詳解】句意：那場可怕的洪水過后，那個城市的人們準備重建他們的房屋。由“Peopleinthatcitypreparedto…theirhousesaftertheterribleflood”可知，此處指重建房屋，rebuild“重建”；preparetodosth.“準備做某事”，固定短語，故應用動詞原形。故填rebuild。14．NowadaysWeChatisusedamongpeopleofdifferentages.(wide)【答案】widely【詳解】句意：如今，微信在不同年齡段的人中廣泛使用。wide“寬的”，形容詞，根據(jù)“is...used”可知，此處應用副詞修飾動詞，其副詞為widely。故填widely。15．Iamsureshefailedinthecompetitionbecauseofthelookonherface.(happy)【答案】unhappy【詳解】句意：我確信她在比賽中失敗是因為她臉上不高興的表情。根據(jù)“Iamsureshefailedinthecompetition”可知，是指臉上不高興的表情，修飾名詞用形容詞，happy意為“高興的”，其相反意義的形容詞為unhappy，意為“不高興的”，故填unhappy。16．ItcanbeaproblemifyouareofthehiddendangersofusingpublicWi-Fi.(aware).【答案】unaware【詳解】句意：如果你沒有意識到使用公共Wi-Fi的潛在危險，這可能是一個問題。aware“意識到的”，根據(jù)“Itcanbeaproblem”可知，此處指沒有意識到其潛在危險，會是一個問題，此處用aware的反義詞unaware。故填unaware。17．Scientistssaysomeanimalswillsoonbecauseoftheseriouspollution.(appear)【答案】disappear【詳解】句意：科學家說，由于嚴重的污染，一些動物將很快消失。appear“出現(xiàn)”，根據(jù)“becauseofthese