物理詞匯分類物理的量、公式和單位Area=length*width(m2)Volume=length*width*height(m3)Density=mass/volume(kgm-3)Speed=distance/time(ms-1)Acceleration=changeofvelocity/time(ms-2)Force=mass*acceleration(kgms-2)Work=force*displacement(J=kgm2s-2)Power=workdone/timetaken(W=kgm2s-3)Pressure=force/area(Pa=kgm-1s)物理的量求值的范圍Givenafunction,statethedomainandrangeof區別,區分;鑒別Differentiate動能kineticenergy相等equivalent順時針clockwise無相量scalarquantity樞,樞軸;支樞pivot導數derivative逆時針anti-clockwise上升;登高ascen使守恒Conserved吸收譜線absorptionline劑agent平行光線parallelrays粒子particle周期：period質子：proton中子：neutron電子：electron標量：scalar矢量：vector阿弗加德羅常數：Avogadroconstant布朗運動：Brawnmotion普朗克常量：Planckconstant波類二象性：wave-particleduality原子：atom定律：principle運動學直線運動：rectilinearmotion位移：displacement速度：velocity速率：speed瞬時速度：instantaneousvelocity勻速度：uniformvelocity平均速度：averagevelocity加速度：acceleration自由落體：freelyfallingbody重力加速度：accelerationduetogravity初速度：initialvelocity平均速率：averagespeed運動學：kinematics加速度：acceleration曲線運動：curvilinearmotion圓周運動：circularmotion移位：displacement速度恒定：steadyspeed力學向心力：centripetalforce向心加速度：centripetalacceleration萬有引力：universalgravitation萬有引力定律：lawofuniversalgravitation引力常量：gravitationalconstant第一/二/宇宙速度：first/secondcosmicvelocity機械運動：mechanicalmotion參考系：referenceframe質點：masspoint/particle動力學：dynamics作用力：action反作用力：reaction慣性：inertia牛頓第一/二/定律：Newtonfirst/second/low超重：overweight失重：weightlessness慣性力：inertialforce平衡狀態：equilibriumstate力矩：moment力的合成：compositionofforces力的分解：resolutionofforces力:force牛頓：Newton重力：gravity彈力：elasticforce重心：centerofgravity/masscenter摩擦力：frictionforce滑動摩擦:slidingfriction靜摩擦：staticfriction動摩擦因數：dynamicfrictionfactor靜摩擦因數：staticfrictionfactor勻加速度uniformacceleration矢量，向量vectordecelerate減速水平作用力horizontalforces恒力：constantforce重力gravity功功：work焦耳：joule功率：power瓦特：watt能：energy功能：kineticenergy功能定律：theoremofkinetic勢能：potentialenergy重力勢能：gravitationalpotentialenergy彈性勢能：elasticpotentialenergy機械能：mechanicalenergy機械能量守恒定律：lawofconservationofmechanicalenergy效率：efficiency可忽略的negligible不計摩擦力negligiblefriction碰撞collisionmomentumenergy波周期：period赫茲：hertz單擺：simplependulum受迫振動：forcedvibration共振：resonance機械波：mechanicalwave介質：medium橫波：transversewave縱波：longitudinalwave波長：wavelength超聲波：supersonicwave波峰thecrestofawave概率波：probabilitywave物質波：matterwave振幅amplitude頻率：frequency凹透鏡concavelens凸透鏡convexlens光線:lightray平行線：parallellight波的衍射：diffractionofwave波的干涉：interferenceofwaves紅外線：infraredray紫外線：ultravioletrayX射線：X-ray光電效應：photoelectriceffect光子：photon光的反射折射折射率：refractionindex全反射：totalreflection臨界角：criticalangle光導纖維：opticalfibre棱鏡：prism色散：dispersion光譜：spectrum實像：realimage虛像：virtualimage折射：refraction入射角：incidentangle反射角：reflectionangle折射角：refractionangle出射角emergenceangle電流額定值：fuderating螺線管：solenoid變壓器：transformer分子：molecular流體：fluid絕緣體：insulator電壓計：voltmeter電流計：ammeter回路：circuit電阻器：resistor電源：source開關：switch串聯：series并聯：parallel保險絲：fuse伏特：Volt電容：capacitance電容器：capacitor法拉：farad電流：electriccurrent安培：ampere電阻：resistance電阻率：resistivity串聯電路：seriescircuitvoltmeter伏特計d.c.motor直流電動機armature轉子;電樞Relay繼電器alternatingvoltage交變電壓，交流電壓

ohms歐姆current電流d.c.generator直流發電機diatomicmolecule雙原子分子directcurrent直流電dragforce阻力battery電池electriccharge電荷infra-redray紅外線insulator絕緣體ohmmeter奧姆計trolley有軌電車a.c.generator交流發電機安培定律：Ampererule安培力：Ampereforce電荷：electriccharge電荷量:quantityofelectricity正電荷：positivecharge負電荷：negativecharge庫侖定律：Coulomblaw電磁磁性：magnetism磁場：magneticfield感應線：magneticinductionline左手定則：left-handrule洛倫茲力：Lorentzforce磁通量：magneticflux電磁感應：electromagneticinduction感應電流：inductioncurrent感應電動勢：inductionelectromotiveforce電磁感應定律：lawofelectromagneticinduction右手定則：right-handrule電能：electricenergy電磁場/波：electromagneticfield/wave電場：electricfield電場強度：electricfieldstrength電場線：electricfieldline電勢：electricpotential電勢差：electricpotentialdifference半導體：semiconductor超導體：superconductor磁感應強度：magneticinduction雷達：radar電磁波譜：electromagneticspectrum電動勢：electromotiveforce(e.m.f)靜電感應：elementarycharge感應電荷：inducedcharge元電荷：elementarycharge電荷守恒定律：lawofconservationofcharge物態變化溫度計：thermometer熔化/溶化：melting凝固：solidification沸騰：boiling熔點/溶點：meltingpoint沸點：boilingpoint蒸發：evaperation冷卻：cooling溫度計thermometer凝固點freezingpoint液化liquefaction汽化vaporization升華sublimation凝華condensation熔化：固態→液態（吸熱）凝固：液態→固態（放熱）汽化：液態→氣態（吸熱）液化：氣態→液態（放熱）升華：