第1頁/共1頁湖北省2025屆八校三統聯考高三英語試題全卷滿分150分，考試用時120分鐘。注意事項：1、答題前，請將自己的姓名、準考證號、考場號、座位號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的制定位置。2、選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑，寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區域均無效。3、非選擇題作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡對應的答題區域內，寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區域均無效。4、考試結束后，請將答題卡上交。第一部分聽力（共兩節、滿分30分）做題時先將答案標在試卷上，錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A．Reserveacheaphotel.B．GotoMexicoonbusiness.C．Relaxandenjoyhimself.2．Whatwillthewomanget?A．Carpetcleaner.B．Apapertowel.C．Aglassofwine.3．Whoisthewoman?A．She'sateacher.B．She'sastudent.C．She'sanassistant.4．Wherearethespeakersheading?A．Toaswimmingpool.B．Tothebeach.C．Toarestaurant.5．Whyisthemuseumofgreatsignificance?A．It'samuseumforoldartB．It'sbuiltonasmallisland.C．It'sthefirstofitskindinIndonesia.第二節（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀各個小題；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．WhatisbotheringJamie?A．Hisclothing.B．Hiscar.C．Hissister.7．WhatwillJamiedonext?A．Gotosleep.B．Drivefaster.C．Dosomereading.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．Howmanyseatsdoesthebicyclehave?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.9．Whatwillbethehardestpartofridingthebicycle?A．Keepingbalance.B．Gainingspeed.C．Beingsafe.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．WhatmightMr.Wellsbe?A．Anathlete.B．Abusinessowner.C．Anadvertisingexpert.11．Whatdoweknowabouttheproduct?A．Itisfromfamilybusiness.B．Itsmainbuyersarerunners.C．Itisdesignedtobeusedbyateam.12．Accordingtothewoman，whatdoesMr.Wellsneedmost?A．Thebudgetoftheadvertising.B．Thenameofthechosenperson.C．Theartworkoftheadvertisement.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Thepreparationforaschoolplay.B．Thewoman'svisittotheman'shouse.C．Thetraditionalcustomsinthewoman'scountry.14．Howdidtheman'sparentsfeelaboutthewomanatfirst?A．Angry.B．Embarrassed.C．Surprised.15．Whatdidtheman'sfatherhaveincommonwiththewoman?A．Theyplayedthesamesport.B．Theywerebothverysmartintheirclass.C．Theybothgainedmanyawardsinschool.16．Whycan'tthewomanattendthedinnerontime?A．Shewillbeseeingaplay.B．Shewillbecelebratingaholiday.C．Shewillbeperforminginashow.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Howlongisthestormwarningfor?A．12hours.B．13hours.C．24hours.18．Whatdoesthespeakeradvisepeopletoparticularlystayawayfrom?A．Thewindows.B．Theocean.C．Theroads.19．Whatmakesthestormdangerous?A．Therain.B．Thewinds.C．Thepressure.20．Whatdoesthespeakersuggestpeopledo?A．Turnofftheirpower.B．Keepupwiththelatestnews.C．Boardtheirwindowsanddoorswithwood.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節，滿分40分)第一節(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AHereareseveralplaceswhichwillsurpriseyou.DeathValley,California,USAVerylivelyatnightbutcompletelydeadduringtheday,thisplaceisnothingbutdryhotdesert.Itactuallyholdstherecordforthehottestairtemperature.Ithasanaveragetemperatureof46℃butithasreached56.7℃in1913andisconsideredtobeacurrentrecord.AsthedriestplaceintheUSA,thisplaceisactuallyinhabitedeventhoughlessthanathousandpeoplelivethere.Kebili,TunisiaTunisia’scloselocationtotheMediterraneanSeasuggeststhatitshouldbeniceandcoolbutKebiliisadeserttownwhichhasthehighesttemperaturerecordedat55℃.Thepeopleinhabitingtheareahaveadjustedtotoughconditionsandlearnedtospendmostoftheirtimeintheshade.Datepalmsareoneofthekeyfeaturesofthisplace.WādīHalfā,SudanThecityislocatedontheshoresofLakeNubia,andduststormsareaprettycommonthinginthesummer.Withanaveragetemperatureof41℃,itstillmanagedtomakeitto53℃in1967.YouwouldthinkthatitshouldbealittlebitcoolerforitisthemostnorthernplaceinSudan.Dasht-eLutDesert,IranIt’sanotheruninhabiteddesertwhichisactuallygettingsuperhot.Inthepast20years,thetemperaturesof70℃havebeenrecorded.Thesaltdesertspreadsover200milesandevenwildlifeisnotthatspread.Theplaceispopularwithtouristsandnaturalistswhowouldliketoexperienceextremelandscapes.1.WhatcanwesayaboutDeathValley?A.Thereislittlerainfallinit. B.Over1,000peoplelivethere.C.Thereisnothingbutdryhotsandinit. D.Itsaveragetemperatureis56.7℃.2.Whichplacehasthehighesttemperatureeverrecorded?A.DeathValley. B.Dasht-eLutDesert.C.WādīHalfā. D.Kebili.3.Whatdothefourplaceshaveincommon?A.Theyareplacessuitabletosettlein.BTheyarelocatedclosetodeserts.C.Theyarethehottestplacesonearth.D.Theyaremorepopularwithtouriststhanotherplaces.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了讓人大吃一驚的四個不同的地方，它們共同的特點是都非常炎熱。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據“DeathValley,California,USA”下文詳細介紹“Verylivelyatnightbutcompletelydeadduringtheday,thisplaceisnothingbutdryhotdesert.Itactuallyholdstherecordforthehottestairtemperature.Ithasanaveragetemperatureof46℃butithasreached56.7℃in1913andisconsideredtobeacurrentrecord.AsthedriestplaceintheUSA,thisplaceisactuallyinhabitedeventhoughlessthanathousandpeoplelivethere.(這個地方晚上很熱鬧，但白天完全死氣沉沉，只不過是干熱的沙漠。它實際上保持著最熱空氣溫度的記錄。它的平均溫度為46℃，但在1913年達到了56.7℃，被認為是目前的記錄。作為美國最干旱的地方，這個地方實際上有人居住，盡管那里只有不到1000人。)”可知DeathValley是美國最干旱的地區；由此可知，這個地方很少下雨。故選A。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據“DeathValley,California,USA”下文中的“Itactuallyholdstherecordforthehottestairtemperature.Ithasanaveragetemperatureof46℃butithasreached56.7℃in1913andisconsideredtobeacurrentrecord.(它實際上保持著最高氣溫的記錄。它的平均氣溫為46℃，但在1913年達到了56.7℃，被認為是目前的記錄。)”、“Kebili,Tunisia”下文中的“Tunisia’scloselocationtotheMediterraneanSeasuggeststhatitshouldbeniceandcoolbutKebiliisadeserttownwhichhasthehighesttemperaturerecordedat55℃.(突尼斯靠近地中海的地理位置表明它應該是涼爽宜人的，但Kebili是一個沙漠小鎮，有記錄的最高溫度為55℃。)”、“WādīHalfā,Sudan”下文中的“Withanaveragetemperatureof41℃,itstillmanagedtomakeitto53℃in1967.(這里的平均氣溫為41℃，但在1967年卻達到了53℃。)”以及“Dasht-eLutDesert,Iran”下文中的“It’sanotheruninhabiteddesertwhichisactuallygettingsuperhot.Inthepast20years,thetemperaturesof70℃havebeenrecorded.(這是另一個無人居住的沙漠，實際上變得超級熱。在過去的20年里，已有溫度達到了70℃的記錄。)”可知，有記載的最高溫度在伊朗的Dasht-eLut沙漠，達到70℃。故選B。【3題詳解】細節理解題。根據“DeathValley,California,USA”下文中的“Verylivelyatnightbutcompletelydeadduringtheday,thisplaceisnothingbutdryhotdesert.Itactuallyholdstherecordforthehottestairtemperature.Ithasanaveragetemperatureof46℃butithasreached56.7℃in1913andisconsideredtobeacurrentrecord.AsthedriestplaceintheUSA,thisplaceisactuallyinhabitedeventhoughlessthanathousandpeoplelivethere.(晚上非常熱鬧，但白天完全死氣沉沉，這個地方只不過是干燥炎熱的沙漠。它實際上保持著最熱空氣溫度的記錄。它的平均溫度為46°C，但在1913年已達到56.7°C，被認為是目前的記錄。作為美國最干燥的地方，這個地方實際上也有人居住，盡管只有不到一千人居住在那里。)”、“Kebili,Tunisia”下文中的“Tunisia’scloselocationtotheMediterraneanSeasuggeststhatitshouldbeniceandcoolbutKebiliisadeserttownwhichhasthehighesttemperaturerecordedat55℃.Thepeopleinhabitingtheareahaveadjustedtotoughconditionsandlearnedtospendmostoftheirtimeintheshade.(突尼斯靠近地中海的地理位置表明它應該是涼爽宜人的，但Kebili是一個沙漠小鎮，有記錄的最高溫度為55℃。居住在該地區的人們已經適應了惡劣的條件，并學會了大部分時間都在陰涼處度過。)”、“WādīHalfā,Sudan”下文中的“ThecityislocatedontheshoresofLakeNubia,andduststormsareaprettycommonthinginthesummer.Withanaveragetemperatureof41℃,itstillmanagedtomakeitto53℃in1967.(這座城市位于努比亞湖畔，沙塵暴在夏天是很常見的事情。這里的平均氣溫為41℃，但在1967年卻達到了53℃。)”以及“Dasht-eLutDesert,Iran”下文中的“It’sanotheruninhabiteddesertwhichisactuallygettingsuperhot.Inthepast20years,thetemperaturesof70℃havebeenrecorded.Thesaltdesertspreadsover200milesandevenwildlifeisnotthatspread.Theplaceispopularwithtouristsandnaturalistswhowouldliketoexperienceextremelandscapes.(這是另一個無人居住的沙漠，實際上變得超級熱。在過去的20年里，氣溫達到了70℃。鹽沙漠綿延200多英里，甚至連野生動物都沒有那么廣泛。這個地方很受想體驗極端風景的游客和博物學家的歡迎。)”可知，這四個地區共同之處是它們都是地球上最熱的地方。故選C。BRecentlyIboughtabookaboutsignposts.Signpostsaren’tveryinteresting,you’rethinking.Well,that,ofcourse,dependsonwhetheryouhappentobelost!Ancienttravelerswouldhavebeengratefulforthesewhensettlementsweresmallerandfurtherapart.Inwinter,theabilitytoreachshelterforthenightcouldbethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.Oneoftheveryearliestway-marksdiscoveredisinCumbria.DatingfromRomantimes,ithadlainfallenuntil1836,whenafarmerploughinghisfieldscameacrossasandstoneshaft(碑文).Thereareotherstonepoststhathavestoodbyroadsidesforcenturies.Itwasn’tuntil1697thatanactwaspasseddeclaringthatguide-stonesmustbebuilt.Thisappliedtoremotepartsofthecountrywheretheremightbeconfusionastowhichpathledtothenearestmarkettown.Later,withtheappearanceoftheRoyalMail,thenumberrosestillfurther.Nowadaysmanyoftheseearlyroadsignsaredesignated(指定)asListedMonuments.“Howtimeschange!”Lucy,anenthusiasticwalker,towhomIloanedthebook,exclaimed.“Isupposenowweallrelyfarmoreuponmobilephonestoguideus.”“Yettheyaren’tperfect.WheneverIgoout,Ipreferamap.Ineverhavetoworryaboutrunningoutofbattery.”“I’malwaysgratefultowhoeverisplacingway-markersalongtheroute,”sheadded,“Isupposethathoweversureweare,alittleoutsideconfirmationisalwayswelcome.”Lucyisquiterightthere.Lifeitselfcanofferusagreatmanychoicesofpath,andsometimesitisn’teasytoknowifwe’vechosenthebestone.Perhapswhenitcomestogratitude,weshouldalsoincludethanksforthosepeoplewhoappearinourliveswhenwemostneedthem—eithergivingusgentlewarningthatwemightbeheadinginthewrongdirection,orreassurancethatweareontherighttrack.Afterall,we’dbelostwithoutthem!4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“these”inthefirstparagraphreferto?A.Signposts. B.Abilities. C.Settlements. D.Shelters.5.Whatcontributedtotheinitialspreadofsignposts?A.Themarkettrade. B.Theactpassedin1697.C.Thediscoveryofthesandstone. D.TheappearanceoftheRoyalMail.6.WhatdoesLucythinkofsignposts?A.Popular. B.Outdated. C.Imperfect. D.Helpful.7.Whatdoestheauthorlearnfromsignposts?A.Tochooserighttracks. B.Toliveacolorfullife.C.Tohaveagratefulmind. D.Toofferpracticalchoices.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者最近買了一本關于路標的書，以及從書中掌握了解到關于路標的知識。【4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞上文“RecentlyIboughtabookaboutsignposts.Signpostsaren’tveryinteresting,you’rethinking.Well,that,ofcourse,dependsonwhetheryouhappentobelost!(最近我買了一本關于路標的書。你在想，路標沒什么意思。嗯，那當然要看你是不是碰巧迷路了！)”及劃線詞所在句“Ancienttravelerswouldhavebeengratefulforthesewhensettlementsweresmallerandfurtherapart.(當定居點更小、距離更遠的時候，古代旅行者會很感激這些)”可知，劃線單詞these指的就是上文中提到的路標。故選A項。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段“OneoftheveryearliestwaymarksdiscoveredisinCumbria.DatingfromRomantimes,ithadlainfallenuntil1836,whenafarmerploughinghisfieldscameacrossasandstoneshaft(碑文).Thereareotherstonepoststhathavestoodbyroadsidesforcenturies.Itwasn’tuntil1697thatanactwaspasseddeclaringthatguide-stonesmustbebuilt.(最早發現的路標之一是在坎布里亞郡。它始建于羅馬時代，直到1836年，一個農民在耕地時偶然發現了一個砂巖井。還有一些石柱已經矗立在路邊幾個世紀了。直到1697年才通過一項法案，宣布必須建造路標)”可知，1697年通過的法案促成了路標最初的傳播。故選B項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第六段““Yettheyaren’tperfect.WheneverIgoout,Ipreferamap.Ineverhavetoworryaboutrunningoutofbattery.”“I’malwaysgratefultowhoeverisplacingway-markersalongtheroute,”sheadded,“Isupposethathoweversureweare,alittleoutsideconfirmationisalwayswelcome.”(“然而，它們并不完美。無論我什么時候出去，我都喜歡帶著地圖。我從來不用擔心沒電了。“無論誰在沿途設置路標，我都很感激，”她補充說，“我想，無論我們多么確定，一點外界的確認總是受歡迎的。”)”可推知，露西對路標的看法是認為它是有幫助的。故選D項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Perhapswhenitcomestogratitude,weshouldalsoincludethanksforthosepeoplewhoappearinourliveswhenwemostneedthem—eithergivingusgentlewarningthatwemightbeheadinginthewrongdirection,orreassurancethatweareontherighttrack.(也許說到感恩，我們也應該感謝那些在我們最需要他們的時候出現在我們生活中的人——他們要么溫和地警告我們可能走錯了方向，要么安慰我們走在正確的道路上。畢竟，沒有他們我們會迷路的！)”可推知，作者從路標中學到了要有感恩的心。故選C項。CScientistsatPurdueUniversitycreatedtheworld’swhitestpaint—adiscoverythatnotonlyaddsyetanotherchoicetothe“whichwhiteshouldwepaintthiswall”dilemma,butalsomighthelptheclimatecrisis.ThepaintwasdevelopedbyPurduemechanicalengineeringprofessorXiulinRuanandhisteam.Itworksthroughapassivecoolingtechnologythatoffersgreatpromisestoreducespacecoolingcostandglobalwarming.“Whenwestartedthisprojectsevenyearsago,wehadsavingenergyandfightingclimatechangeinmind,”Ruansaidinapodcast(播客)episodeofThisIsPurdue.Theywantedtocreateapaintthatwouldreflectsunlightawayfromabuilding,dramaticallydecreasingtheneedforairconditioning.Heating,cooling,andlightingaccountfor28percentoftheworld’stotalgreenhousegasemissions.Andoverusingairconditioningcanoverwhelmacity’spowergridandcauseblackouts(停電).InaQueensblackoutin2006,175,000peoplewereleftwithoutpower,whichleadto40deaths.Thispaintcouldeffectivelybeanalternativetoairconditionersinsomeplaces.Thepaintreflects98.1%ofsolarradiationwhilealsogivingoutinfrared(紅外線的)heat.Becausethepainttakesinlessheatfromthesunthanitgivesout,asurfacecoatedwiththispaintiscooledbelowthesurroundingtemperaturewithoutusingpower.Coveringaroofareaof1,000squarefeetwiththepaintcouldcreate10kilowattsofcoolingpower,theresearchersfound.“That’smorepowerfulthantheairconditionersusedbymosthouses,”RuantoldThisIsPurdue.Youcan’tbuythepaintjustyet,butresearchersarepartneringwithacompanytoputthepaintonthemarket.Whileindividualactiontofightelimatechangecanhelpsaveourplanet,it’simportanttonotethatthevastmajorityoftheworld’sgreenhousegasemissionscanbetracedbackto100companies.Maybewecandouse(澆)thosecompanieswiththiswhitepaint,too—itcouldbeworthashot.8.Whatisknownaboutthepaint?A.Ithasdifferentcolors. B.Itdoesn’tcostmuch.C.Itusesheatingtechnology. D.Itisclimate-friendly.9.WhatistheQueensblackoutmentionedtoshow?A.Thepoormanagementofpower. B.Thesignificanceofthepaint.C.Theimportanceofairconditioning. D.Theresultofglobalwarming.10.WhichaspectofthepaintistalkedaboutinParagraph4?A.Itsapplication. B.Itsfunction.C.Itscomposition. D.Itsdisadvantage.11.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A.Thequalityofthepaintneedsimproving.B.Thepaintwillbringprofitstothe100companies.C.Researcherswanttoseethepaintincommercialuse.D.Individualeffortsmatterincreatingthewhitestpaint.【答案】8.D9.B10.B11.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了普渡大學的科學家們創造了世界上最白的涂料——這一發現不僅為“我們應該把這面墻涂成哪種白色”的困境增加了另一個選擇，而且可能有助于解決氣候危機。【8題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中“ThepaintwasdevelopedbyPurduemechanicalengineeringprofessorXiulinRuanandhisteam.Itworksthroughapassivecoolingtechnologythatoffersgreatpromisestoreducespacecoolingcostandglobalwarming.”（這種涂料是由普渡大學機械工程教授阮秀林和他的團隊開發的。它的工作原理是一種被動冷卻技術，這種技術很有希望降低空間冷卻成本和全球變暖。）可知，關于涂料我們知道它是氣候友好型的。故選D項。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段中“InaQueensblackoutin2006,175,000peoplewereleftwithoutpower,whichleadto40deaths.Thispaintcouldeffectivelybeanalternativetoairconditionersinsomeplaces.”（在2006年皇后區的一次大停電中，17.5萬人沒有電，導致40人死亡。在一些地方，這種涂料可以有效地替代空調。）可推知，皇后區停電事件是為了說明涂料的意義。故選B項。【10題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段“Thepaintreflects98.1%ofsolarradiationwhilealsogivingoutinfrared(紅外線的)heat.Becausethepainttakesinlessheatfromthesunthanitgivesout,asurfacecoatedwiththispaintiscooledbelowthesurroundingtemperaturewithoutusingpower.Coveringaroofareaof1,000squarefeetwiththepaintcouldcreate10kilowattsofcoolingpower,theresearchersfound.“That’smorepowerfulthantheairconditionersusedbymosthouses,”RuantoldThisIsPurdue.”（這種涂料能反射98.1%的太陽輻射，同時還能發出紅外線。由于這種涂料從太陽吸收的熱量比散發的熱量少，涂上這種涂料的表面可以在不使用電力的情況下冷卻到周圍溫度以下。研究人員發現，用這種涂料覆蓋1000平方英尺的屋頂可以產生10千瓦的冷卻功率。“這比大多數家庭使用的空調更強大，”阮告訴ThisIsPurdue。）可知，第4段主要談論了涂料的功能方面的內容。故選B項。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Youcan’tbuythepaintjustyet,butresearchersarepartneringwithacompanytoputthepaintonthemarket.Whileindividualactiontofightelimatechangecanhelpsaveourplanet,it’simportanttonotethatthevastmajorityoftheworld’sgreenhousegasemissionscanbetracedbackto100companies.Maybewecandouse(澆)thosecompanieswiththiswhitepaint,too—itcouldbeworthashot.”（你現在還不能買到這種涂料，但研究人員正在與一家公司合作，將這種涂料推向市場。雖然個人行動對抗氣候變化可以幫助拯救我們的地球，但重要的是要注意，世界上絕大多數溫室氣體排放可以追溯到100家公司。也許我們可以把這些公司也涂上這種白漆——值得一試。）可推知，從最后一段可以得知研究人員希望看到這種涂料在商業上的應用。故選C項。DHumanresponsestomoraldilemmas(兩難選擇)canbeinfluencedbystatementswrittenbytheartificialintelligencechatbotChatGPT,accordingtoastudypublishedinScientificReports.Thefindingsindicatethatusersmayunderestimatetheextenttowhichtheirownmoraljudgmentscanbeinfluencedbythechatbot.SebastianKrigelandcolleaguesaskedChatGPTmultipletimeswhetheritisrighttosacrifice(犧牲)thelifeofonepersoninordertosavethelivesoffiveothers.TheyfoundthatChatGPTwroterandomstatementsarguingbothforandagainstsacrificingonelife,indicatingthatitisnotbiasedtowardsacertainmoralstance(立場).Theauthorsthenpresented767U.S.participants,whowereonaverage39yearsold,withadilemmawhethertosacrificeoneperson’slifetosavefiveothers.Beforeanswering,participantsreadastatementprovidedbyChatGPTarguingeitherfororagainstsacrificingonelifetosavefive.StatementswerefromeitheramoraladvisororChatGPT.Afteranswering,participantswereaskedwhetherthestatementtheyreadinfluencedtheiranswers.Eightypercentofparticipantsreportedthattheiranswerswerenotinfluencedbythestatementstheyread.However,theauthorsfoundthattheanswersparticipantsbelievedtheywouldhaveprovidedwithoutreadingthestatementswerestillmorelikelytoagreewiththemoralstanceofthestatementtheydidreadthanwiththeoppositestance.ThisindicatesthatparticipantsmayhaveunderestimatedtheinfluenceofChatGPT’sstatementsontheirownmoraljudgments.Theauthorssuggestthatthepotentialforchatbotstoinfluencehumanmoraljudgmentshighlightstheneedforeducationtohelphumansbetterunderstandartificialintelligence.Theyproposethatfutureresearchshoulddesignchatbotsthateitherdeclinetoanswerquestionsrequiringamoraljudgmentoranswerthesequestionsbyprovidingmultipleargumentsandwarnings.12.WhatareChatGPT’sanswerstoacertainmoralstancelikeaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Inconsistent. B.Valuable. C.Creative. D.Simple.13.Whatislearnedabouttheparticipants?A.TheyadmittedthepowerofChatGPT.B.Theywereinterviewedbyamoraladvisor.C.TheywereaffectedbyChatGPTunknowingly.D.Theywerepresentedwithdifferentmoraldilemmas.14.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Differentfindingsofthestudy. B.Futurepotentialsforchatbots.C.Majorfocusesoffutureeducation. D.Solutionstotheimpactofchatbots.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ChatGPTTendstoCauseMoralPanics B.ChatGPT:IsItLikelytoAffectOurLife?C.ChatGPT:WhyIsItMakingUsSoNervous? D.ChatGPTCanInfluenceHumanMoralJudgments【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了發表在《科學報告》上的一項研究表明，人類對道德困境的反應可能會受到人工智能聊天機器人ChatGPT所寫語句的影響。文章介紹了研究開展的經過以及發現，最后提到了解決聊天機器人影響的方法。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段“TheyfoundthatChatGPTwroterandomstatementsarguingbothforandagainstsacrificingonelife,indicatingthatitisnotbiasedtowardsacertainmoralstance(立場).(他們發現，ChatGPT隨機寫出支持或反對犧牲一條生命的陳述，這表明它并不偏向于某種道德立場)”可推知，ChatGPT對某種道德立場的回答不一致。故選A。【13題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段“ThisindicatesthatparticipantsmayhaveunderestimatedtheinfluenceofChatGPT’sstatementsontheirownmoraljudgments.(這表明參與者可能低估了ChatGPT的陳述對他們自己道德判斷的影響)”可知，參與者在不知不覺中受到了ChatGPT的影響。故選C。【14題詳解】主旨大意題。根據最后一段“Theauthorssuggestthatthepotentialforchatbotstoinfluencehumanmoraljudgmentshighlightstheneedforeducationtohelphumansbetterunderstandartificialintelligence.Theyproposethatfutureresearchshoulddesignchatbotsthateitherdeclinetoanswerquestionsrequiringamoraljudgmentoranswerthesequestionsbyprovidingmultipleargumentsandwarnings.(作者認為，聊天機器人影響人類道德判斷的潛力凸顯了教育的必要性，以幫助人類更好地理解人工智能。他們提出，未來的研究應該設計出這樣的聊天機器人：要么拒絕回答需要道德判斷的問題，要么通過提供多種論證和警告來回答這些問題)”可知，最后一段主要講解決聊天機器人影響人類道德判斷力的方法。故選D。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第一段“Humanresponsestomoraldilemmas(兩難選擇)canbeinfluencedbystatementswrittenbytheartificialintelligencechatbotChatGPT,accordingtoastudypublishedinScientificReports.(發表在《科學報告》上的一項研究表明，人類對道德困境的反應可能會受到人工智能聊天機器人ChatGPT所寫言論的影響)”以及倒數第二段“ThisindicatesthatparticipantsmayhaveunderestimatedtheinfluenceofChatGPT’sstatementsontheirownmoraljudgments.(這表明參與者可能低估了ChatGPT的陳述對他們自己道德判斷的影響)”并結合文章介紹了研究開展的經過以及發現，最后提到了解決聊天機器人影響的方法。可知，D選項“ChatGPT可以影響人類的道德判斷”最符合文章標題。故選D。第二節(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Learninghowtocareforasadpersonwillhelpyoubethereforyourlovedonesandfriendswhentheyaredown.However,knowinghowtocareforasadpersonisnotsomethinganindividualisbornwith.____16____Hereareafewtipsthatwilleventuallyhelpyouliftthespiritofasadperson.Giveahug.Huggingsomeoneshowsyouraffectionandcare.____17____Thiscanmakethemfeelrelaxedandopentoyou.Thiscanalsohelpthemrecognizethatyouaretheretohelpthemgothroughthismoment.Withnokindandlovingwords,youractionshavealreadysaidalot.____18____Now,goonandsaysomekindwords.Wordslike“I’mhere”,“weareinthistogether”,“you’llgetoverthis”,“leanonme”andsoon,canhelpasadpersonfeelbetterandknowthatyou’retheretotakehim/herthroughthesadmoment.Usetherighttoneofvoice.____19____Theygoalongwithtonetoconveyameaningtothelistener.Toconveyyourwordswithfaiththatwouldcreateapositiveeffectonthesadpersonyouwouldneedtosayitwiththerighttoneofvoice.Listenpatiently.Peopleasklotsofquestionsbuttheyenduppayinglittleattentiontogettingthefeedback(反饋)thattheywanted.Don’tbethatperson.Afteraskingthequestions,listenpatientlytoknowwhatthesadpersonwouldappreciateatthattime.____20____A.Saykindlovingwords.B.Makeuseofpoliteexpressions.C.Thenchoosetoappreciateotherstoo.D.Rememberthatwordsdonotstandalone.E.Itwillhelpyouknowhowtoofferthebestfittinghelp.F.Thisknowledgeisgainedthroughresearchandpractice.G.Whenyoudothistosomeone,theycanfeelyourwarmth.【答案】16.F17.G18.A19.D20.E【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如何照顧一個傷心的人。【16題詳解】根據上文“Learninghowtocareforasadpersonwillhelpyoubethereforyourlovedonesandfriendswhentheyaredown.However,knowinghowtocareforasadpersonisnotsomethinganindividualisbornwith.(學習如何關心一個傷心的人會幫助你在你愛的人和朋友倒下的時候陪在他們身邊。然而，知道如何照顧一個傷心的人并不是一個人與生俱來的)”可知，上文提到“知道如何照顧一個傷心的人并不是一個人與生俱來的”，說明需要通過研究和實踐獲得，F選項Thisknowledge對應上文knowinghowtocareforasadperson。故F選項“這些知識是通過研究和實踐獲得的”符合語境，故選F。【17題詳解】根據上文“Giveahug.Huggingsomeoneshowsyouraffectionandcare.(給一個擁抱。擁抱某人表示你愛和關心)”以及后文“Thiscanmakethemfeelrelaxedandopentoyou.(這會讓他們感到放松，對你敞開心扉)”可知，擁抱某人表示你的愛和關心，所以當你對別人這樣做時，他們能感受到你的溫暖。故G選項“當你對別人這樣做時，他們能感受到你的溫暖”承接上文，指出擁抱某人的好處，符合語境，故選G。【18題詳解】根據后文“Now,goonandsaysomekindwords.Wordslike“I’mhere”,“weareinthistogether”,“you’llgetoverthis”,“leanonme”andsoon,canhelpasadpersonfeelbetterandknowthatyou’retheretotakehim/herthroughthesadmoment.(現在，繼續說幾句好話吧。像“我在這里”、“我們在一起”、“你會挺過來的”、“依靠我”之類的話，可以幫助悲傷的人感覺好一點，讓他們知道你會陪著他/她度過悲傷的時刻)”可知，本段主要關于對別人說一些暖心的話語，故A選項“說些親切的愛的話”符合語境，故選A。【19題詳解】根據上文“Usetherighttoneofvoice.(使用正確的語氣)”以及后文“Theygoalongwithtonetoconveyameaningtothelistener.(它們配合語氣向聽者傳達意思)”可知，后文提到言語配合語氣向聽者傳達意思，說明不是孤立的，D選項words對應后文they。故D選項“記住，言語不是孤立的”符合語境，故選D。【20題詳解】根據上文“Afteraskingthequestions,listenpatientlytoknowwhatthesadpersonwouldappreciateatthattime.(問完問題后，耐心地聽，知道那個悲傷的人當時會感激什么)”可知，本句為本段最后一句，應承接上文說明傾聽的作用：幫助你知道如何提供最合適的幫助，故E選項“它將幫助你知道如何提供最合適的幫助”符合語境，故選E。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節，滿分45分)第一節(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。I'vebeeninan18-yearlove-haterelationshipwithablackwalnut(黑核桃樹)．InlateSeptemberorearlyOctober,fallingfruitsas___21___asbaseballsputyourheadatrisk.Patio(露臺)umbrellasarea___22___whiledininginthegardenbeginninginearlyAugust,andbecauseoftheamountoffruitthisseason,I___23___myhelmetwhileworkinginthegarden.Also,theblackwalnutproducesachemicalsubstance(物質)throughitsrootsasa___24___strategy,whichispoisonoustoseveralcommonplants.TherehavebeenmanynewplantvarietiesIbroughthomewith___25___thatthewalnutwould___26___acceptthem,buttheyallfailedtogrowwell.Whatdoes___27___arenativeplantsthatnaturallygrowinthearea.Theyareimportanttohavearoundsincetheyprovidebeneficialpollinators(傳粉者)likebirds,beesandbutterflieswithseedsand___28___toahealthyenvironment.Nativeplantsforthisareaaregenerallyeasytogrow,sotheyexperienceless___29___．HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiant_____30_____inmybackyard?Yes,_____31_____,removingthistreestandingat50feetisnexttoimpossible.I’malso_____32_____underthetree.Treesareimportanttotheurbanforestandforallofthosethatliveinit.Treesabsorbairpollutionandkeepcitiescoolerandmorelivable.Theyarehometomanybirdsandinsectspeciesandare_____33_____forkeepingourenvironmentbalanced.Sometimes,I_____34_____mylifewithouttheblackwalnut.Ican’t_____35_____aspringwithoutthebirdswhoarriveeveryyearandsingloudlybeforedawn.ImissfallingasleeponlazyweekendafternoonsasIlookupintoitsleavesbeforethe_____36_____threatentofall.Everyspring,Iwonderwhattheseason_____37_____:Whatarethechancesofbeingknocked_____38_____whilebarbecuing?Likeanygoodrelationship,I’llneverbepleased.I’mstuckwiththistree,soI’lllistentoitsneedsandgiveitthespaceit_____39_____.Inreturn,mywalnutoffersahometowildlifeandareminderthat_____40_____,insteadofresistance,isthebetterwaytobe.21.A.aggressive B.powerful C.fast D.hard22.A.comfort B.must C.favor D.decision23.A.carry B.keep