高級中學名校試題PAGEPAGE1湖南省郴州市聯考2024-2025學年高二下學期3月月考英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AHaveyoueverthoughtofbeingvolunteersinallkindsofartdesignactivitiesforcelebratoryscenes?Haveyoueverwonderedwhatit’sliketobeinanartanddesignschool?ThenhowaboutjoininginCaliforniaCollegeoftheArts(CCA)’Pre-CollegeProgram?Thisisyourtimetogrowasanindividualandtakeyourcreativitytothenextlevel.AtCCA’sPre-CollegeProgram,you’lljoinadifferentgroupofcreativethinkersandmakerswhosharetheirpassionforartanddesign.In-Person:YourstudyplacewillbetheCCASanFranciscoschool,whichislocatedintheSanFranciscoBayArea,hometowell-knownbrands,techcompaniesandworld-classmuseums,andanactiveenvironmentforartists,designers,andcreatorsfromacrosstheglobe.OnlineOfferings:Thecoursesallbeginat9inthemorningfromMondaytoFriday,June27―July29.Qualification:Theprogramisdesignedforstudentswhowillhavejustcompletedtheirsenioryearofhighschoolbysummer2025.Studentsmustbeatleast15byJuly2025andnotolderthan18toattend.ColorfulActivities:Someeveningandweekendactivitiessuchaslifedrawinglessons,lectures,andmanyworkshopsenhancethewholeprogramexperience.Someactivitieswillbeprovidedtostudentstwoweeksbeforetheprogrambegins.Teachers:CCA’sPre-Collegeteachersarewonderfulandhighlysuccessfulartists,designers,andwriterswhoareinterestedinsharingtheirprofessionalexpertise,deepunderstandingandexperienceswiththenextgenerationofcreativelearners.Mostteachatthecollege-level.HopeyouhaveanunforgettableexperiencebyjoiningCCA’sPre-CollegeProgramandmayyouhavesuccessfulvolunteerexperiences!Formoreinformation,pleasevisitourwebsite:https://www.teenink.com.1.WhatdoweknowabouttheCCASanFranciscoschool?A.Itcooperateswithworld-classmuseums.B.Itislocatedinahighlydevelopedregion.C.Itsteachersarehighlysuccessfulprofessionals.D.Itishometofamousbrandsandtechcompanies.2.WhichofthefollowingisCORRECTaboutCCA’sPre-CollegeProgram?A.Participantsmustbe15-year-oldhighschoolgraduates.B.Volunteersmayengageinartdesignactivitiesforfestiveoccasions.C.Theprogramaimstopreparestudentsforcollegeentranceexams.D.Alleveningandweekendactivitieswillbeprovidedaftertheprogrambegins.3.What’stheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A.TointroduceCCA’sPre-Collegecourses. B.TodescribeSanFrancisco’sculturalscenes.C.TopromoteCCA’sPre-CollegeProgram. D.Tocompareonlineandin-personlearning.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了加州藝術學院（CCA）的預科項目，包括其特色、課程安排及參與資格等信息.【1題詳析】細節理解題。根據第三段In-Person部分中“YourstudyplacewillbetheCCASanFranciscoschool,whichislocatedintheSanFranciscoBayArea,hometowell-knownbrands,techcompaniesandworld-classmuseums,andanactiveenvironmentforartists,designers,andcreatorsfromacrosstheglobe.(你的學習地點將是位于舊金山灣區的加州藝術學院舊金山分校。舊金山灣區是知名品牌、科技公司和世界級博物館的所在地，同時也為來自全球的藝術家、設計師和創作者提供了充滿活力的環境)”可知，加州藝術學院舊金山分校位于一個高度發達的地區。故選B?！?題詳析】細節理解題。根據第一段中“Haveyoueverthoughtofbeingvolunteersinallkindsofartdesignactivitiesforcelebratoryscenes?Haveyoueverwonderedwhatit’sliketobeinanartanddesignschool?ThenhowaboutjoininginCaliforniaCollegeoftheArts(CCA)’Pre-CollegeProgram?(你是否曾想過在各類用于慶祝活動場景的藝術設計活動中擔任志愿者呢？你是否曾好奇在一所藝術設計學校里學習是怎樣一番體驗呢？那么，參加加州藝術學院（CCA）的大學預科課程怎么樣呢？)”以及第二段“AtCCA’sPre-CollegeProgram,you’lljoinadifferentgroupofcreativethinkersandmakerswhosharetheirpassionforartanddesign.(在加州藝術學院的大學預科課程中，你將加入一群與眾不同的創意思想家和創作者的行列，他們都對藝術和設計滿懷熱忱)”可知，在加州藝術學院預科項目中，志愿者可以參與慶祝場合的藝術設計活動。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據全文內容，尤其是第一段中“ThenhowaboutjoininginCaliforniaCollegeoftheArts(CCA)’Pre-CollegeProgram?Thisisyourtimetogrowasanindividualandtakeyourcreativitytothenextlevel.(那么，參加加州藝術學院（CCA）的大學預科課程怎么樣呢？這是你實現個人成長并將創造力提升到新高度的好時機)”以及倒數第二段“HopeyouhaveanunforgettableexperiencebyjoiningCCA’sPre-CollegeProgramandmayyouhavesuccessfulvolunteerexperiences!(希望你通過參加加州藝術學院的大學預科課程獲得難忘的體驗，也愿你擁有成功的志愿者經歷)”可知，文章主要介紹了加州藝術學院預科課程項目，包括課程形式、資格要求、活動安排等，由此推斷，文章的目的是宣傳該項目，鼓勵人們參加。故選C。B“TheAnalectsofConfucius,commonlyknownasLunyu,standsasadistinguishedexampleofworldliterature.ThepublicationofitsMaltesetranslationwillfurtherenrichculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandMalta,”saysSalvatoreGiuffrè,aMaltesesinologistandthetranslatorofthebook.GiuffrèhasbeenstudyingChinesesincehisteenageyears.DuringhistimeasaChinesemajorstudentinItaly,hecameintocontactwithclassicalChinese.“IneededtolearnclassicalChinesetograspthecentralmeaningofChineseliterarycultureandphilosophy,”heexplains.Consequently,hetranslatedthebookdirectlyfromtheoriginalversion.“Lunyuwascomposedinadense(緊湊的)andbriefmanner,whichmakesunderstandingitratherchallenging,”hestates.GiuffrèusuallyreferencedversionsofthebookwritteninmodernChinesetoexplaincertaintermsthathefoundunclear,obscureorhardtounderstand.HealsoaddedcommentsandexplanationstomakethetexteasierforMaltesereaderstounderstand.GiuffrèdedicatedapproximatelytwoyearstomakingthebookaccessibletoMaltesereaders,particularlyyoungstudents,throughtranslation.Currently,theMalteseversionisavailableforlocalreaders.ItincludesanintroductiontoConfucius’slife,theerahelived,histeachings,andthekeyconcepts,terms,namesandfiguresmentionedinthebook.“Iaimedtomakeitaccessibletoabroaderreadership,”Giuffrèstates.“IhopemytranslationwillaidinthespreadofChinesecultureandphilosophyinMalta.”HeexpressesthehopethatcooperationbetweenChinaandMaltainthepublishingsectorwillfosteropportunitiesforadditionaltranslationprojectsofliteraryworks.4.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphdo?A.Tointroducethesubjectofthepassage. B.Toprovidedetailedinformation.C.ToemphasizetheimportanceofLunyu. D.Tomakethepassagepersuasive.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obscure”meaninparagraph3?A.Expressive. B.Impressive. C.Unsuitable. D.Puzzling.6.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheMalteseversionofLunyu?A.Itiswellreceivedbylocalreaders.B.ItmainlyintroducesthestoriesofConfucius.C.ItcanhelpyoungstudentslearnaboutConfucius.D.IttookGiuffrèabouttwoyearstomakecomments.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.ManyMaltesebegantolearnChineseculture.B.Giuffrè’stranslationhasabroadreadershipinMalta.C.GiuffrèhopestocooperatewiththeChinesepublishingsector.D.Giuffrèwantstodomoreforacross-culturaldialoguethroughpublication.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了馬耳他漢學家Giuffrè翻譯《論語》至馬耳他語的過程及其對促進中馬文化交流的意義?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段““TheAnalectsofConfucius,commonlyknownasLunyu,standsasadistinguishedexampleofworldliterature.ThepublicationofitsMaltesetranslationwillfurtherenrichculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandMalta,”saysSalvatoreGiuffrè,aMaltesesinologistandthetranslatorofthebook.(“TheAnalectsofConfucius，通常被稱為《論語》，是世界文學中的杰出典范。其馬耳他語譯本的出版將進一步豐富中馬兩國之間的文化交流，”馬耳他漢學家、本書譯者SalvatoreGiuffrè說道)”可知，第一段主要介紹了《論語》及其馬耳他語譯本的出版將對中馬文化交流產生的意義，引出了文章的主題，即《論語》馬耳他語版的出版及其意義。因此，第一段的作用是引入文章的主題。故選A。【5題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據第三段““Lunyuwascomposedinadense(緊湊的)andbriefmanner,whichmakesunderstandingitratherchallenging,”hestates.GiuffrèusuallyreferencedversionsofthebookwritteninmodernChinesetoexplaincertaintermsthathefoundunclear,obscureorhardtounderstand.HealsoaddedcommentsandexplanationstomakethetexteasierforMaltesereaderstounderstand.(他說：“《論語》的行文結構緊湊且簡潔，這使得理解它頗具挑戰性?！盙iuffrè通常會參考用現代漢語寫成的《論語》版本，來解釋他覺得不清楚、obscure或難以理解的某些術語。他還添加了注釋和講解，以便讓馬耳他讀者更易于理解原文內容)”可知，“obscure”與“unclear”和“hardtounderstand”意思相近，應該是“令人困惑的，費解的”的意思。故選D?！?題詳析】細節理解題。根據第四段“GiuffrèdedicatedapproximatelytwoyearstomakingthebookaccessibletoMaltesereaders,particularlyyoungstudents,throughtranslation.Currently,theMalteseversionisavailableforlocalreaders.ItincludesanintroductiontoConfucius’slife,theerahelived,histeachings,andthekeyconcepts,terms,namesandfiguresmentionedinthebook.(Giuffrè花費了大約兩年時間，通過翻譯讓馬耳他讀者，尤其是年輕學生能夠讀懂這本書。目前，馬耳他語版本已面向當地讀者發行。該版本包括對孔子的生平、他所處的時代、他的學說，以及書中提到的關鍵概念、術語、名稱和人物的介紹)”可知，馬耳他語版的《論語》包括孔子的生平、他生活的時代、他的教誨以及書中提到的關鍵概念、術語、名字和人物等。因此，馬耳他語版的《論語》可以幫助年輕學生了解孔子。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段““Iaimedtomakeitaccessibletoabroaderreadership,”Giuffrèstates.“IhopemytranslationwillaidinthespreadofChinesecultureandphilosophyinMalta.”HeexpressesthehopethatcooperationbetweenChinaandMaltainthepublishingsectorwillfosteropportunitiesforadditionaltranslationprojectsofliteraryworks.(Giuffrè說：“我的目標是讓更廣泛的讀者群體都能讀懂這本書。我希望我的翻譯能有助于中國文化和哲學在馬耳他的傳播。”他表示，希望中國和馬耳他在出版領域的合作能夠催生更多文學作品翻譯項目的機會)”可推知，我們可以從最后一段了解到Giuffrè想通過出版為跨文化對話做更多的事情。故選D。CYearsofresearchonexercisehavelongsupportedtheideathatconsistentworkoutsovertimeleadtobothphysicalandmentalbenefits.Butwhataboutshort,intenseperiodsofexercise?AteamofscientistsatUCSantaBarbarahastakenacloserlookandtheirstudywasrecentlypublishedinCommunicationsPsychology.“Oneofthemostconsistentfindingsintheliteratureisthatexerciseprograms—somethinglikeaplanyouwouldfollow,say,threetimesaweekoverseveralmonthsoryears—improvethinkingskillsandcanevenpromotebraincellgrowth,”saidBarryGiesbrecht,aprofessorintheDepartmentofPsychological&BrainSciencesandseniorauthorofthestudy.“Butstudieslookingattheeffectsofsingle,intenseperiodsofexercisearemuchmoremixed.”Focusingonsubjectsbetween18―45yearsold,firstauthorJordanGarrett—whograduatedwithhisPh.D.fromthedepartmentinJune-andtheteamreviewedthousandsofexercisestudiespublishedbetween1995and2023tofindcommonpatterns.Basedontheiranalysis,cyclingandhigh-intensityintervaltraining(HIIT)producedthemostreliableimprovementsinmemory,attention,decision-makingskills,information,processing,andothermentalabilities.“Wefoundthathigh-energyactivitieshadthelargesteffects,”Giesbrechtsaid.“Also,theeffectswerestrongerforstudiesthattestedcognition(認知)afterexercise,asopposedtoduringexercise.Andlastly,theeffectsofexerciselastinglessthan30minutesweregreaterthanthoselastingover30minutes.Ourworkshowedthestrongestevidenceforapositiveeffectofsingleboutsofexerciseoncognitionandthatthisevidencewasimpactedbyavarietyoffactors.”“Anotherinterestingresultisthattheoveralleffectofasingleperiodofexercisewasgenerallysmall,”Giesbrechtsaid,notingthatbesidesthevariability(可變性)acrosstheexperiments,theenhancementsmayalsobesmallbecausetheyaretypicallymeasuredwhenthephysicalactivityisnotrelatedtothecognitivetask.Thisraisesthe“interesting”theory,headded,thatperhapsusingtasksthatrequiretheintegrationofactionsofourbodyandcognitivesystemsmayresultinmoresignificantbenefits.Giesbrechtandhisteamindicatedthattheyplantotestthisidea.8.Whydoestheauthormentionconsistentworkoutsinparagraph1?A.Toemphasizetheimportanceofregularexercise.B.Tointroduceacontrastwithshort,intenseexercise.C.Toexplainthenecessityofdoingconsistentexercise.D.Tocomparethebenefitsofdifferentexerciseduration.9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Themethodandkeyfindingsofthestudy.B.Thechallengesofanalyzinglargedatasets.C.Thehistoricalbackgroundofexerciseresearch.D.Futureplanstointegrateexercisewithcognitivetasks.10.Whatwasonesignificantfindingregardingthedurationofexerciseanditscognitiveeffects?A.Longerexercisesessionsarealwaysbetter.B.Exercisemustlastatleastonehourforbenefits.C.Durationofexercisehadnoimpactoncognition.D.Exerciselastinglessthan30minuteshadlargereffects.11.Whatwillthefollow-upstudyfocuson?A.Combiningphysicalmovementwithmentaltasks.B.Extendingthedurationofsingleexercisesessions.C.Comparingdifferenttypesofhigh-energyexercises.D.Analyzingage-relateddifferencesinexerciseeffects.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了關于運動對認知能力影響的研究，特別是短時間高強度運動與長期規律運動的效果對比。【8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Yearsofresearchonexercisehavelongsupportedtheideathatconsistentworkoutsovertimeleadtobothphysicalandmentalbenefits.Butwhataboutshort,intenseperiodsofexercise?(多年的運動研究一直支持長期規律運動對身心有益的觀點。但短時間高強度運動又如何呢？)”可知，作者提到長期規律運動是為了與短時間高強度運動形成對比。故選B?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據第三段“Focusingonsubjectsbetween18―45yearsold,firstauthorJordanGarrett—whograduatedwithhisPh.D.fromthedepartmentinJune-andtheteamreviewedthousandsofexercisestudiespublishedbetween1995and2023tofindcommonpatterns.Basedontheiranalysis,cyclingandhigh-intensityintervaltraining(HIIT)producedthemostreliableimprovementsinmemory,attention,decision-makingskills,information,processing,andothermentalabilities.(該研究的第一作者喬丹·加勒特于今年6月從該系獲得博士學位，他和研究小組對1995年至2023年間發表的數千項運動研究進行了回顧，以尋找共同模式。根據他們的分析，騎車和高強度間歇訓練（HIIT）在記憶力、注意力、決策能力、信息、處理和其他心理能力方面產生了最可靠的改善。)”可知，本段主要講述了研究的方法和關鍵發現。故選A?！?0題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章第四段“Also,theeffectswerestrongerforstudiesthattestedcognition(認知)afterexercise,asopposedtoduringexercise.Andlastly,theeffectsofexerciselastinglessthan30minutesweregreaterthanthoselastingover30minutes.(此外，與在運動中測試認知相比，在運動后測試認知的效果更強。最后，持續時間少于30分鐘的運動效果比時間超過30分鐘的效果更好)”可知，持續不到30分鐘的鍛煉效果更大。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第五段“Thisraisesthe“interesting”theory,headded,thatperhapsusingtasksthatrequiretheintegrationofactionsofourbodyandcognitivesystemsmayresultinmoresignificantbenefits.Giesbrechtandhisteamindicatedthattheyplantotestthisidea.(他補充道，這提出了一個“有趣”的理論，即可能需要結合身體動作和認知系統的任務才能帶來更顯著的效果。吉斯布雷希特和他的團隊表示，他們計劃測試這個想法。）可知，后續研究將關注結合身體運動與認知任務。故選A。DSirIsaacNewtonwasagreatastronomer.Althoughhedidnotusehisreflectingtelescopetodiscovernewastronomicalphenomena,hedidemployittocompletelytransformourviewoftheworldweinhabitandtheuniverseatlarge.Reflectingtelescopesusemirrorstoreflectandfocuslightandenlargeimages,distinguishingthemfromrefractors(折射望遠鏡)thatrelyonlenses(透鏡).Theirsimplicityinconstructionandabilitytoachievemuchgreatersizesthanrefractorshaveledtoatransformationinourastronomicalknowledgeandcomprehensionoftheuniverse.Aslightpassesthroughglass,variouscolorsorbandsarerefractedatvaryingangles,leadingtochromaticaberration(色差)andconsequently,twistedimageswhenviewedthroughalens.InthetimeofNewton,thetechnologyforproducingglassandlenseswasstillveryprimitive,andthechallengesassociatedwithchromaticaberrationhadnotbeenadequatelyaddressed.Todaywecanmakelensesthathavealmostnochromaticaberrationbutwecan’tmakethemverylarge.Asthesizeofalensincreasessignificantly,itbecomesextremelyheavy,causingitsownweighttodistortthelensandconsequentlyruintheimagequality.Newton’stelescopesolvedtheseproblems.Amirrordoesn’tallowlighttopass.Itsimplybouncesallthelightoffthesurface.Thismeansthere’snochromaticaberration.Plus,becauseweonlyneedtobouncelightoffthesurface,wecansupporttheentiremirroronabase,reducingitsweight.Thisallowsustobuildmuchlargermirrorswithoutanydistortion.WhileGalileoiscreditedwiththediscoveryofmoonsaroundJupiterandHalleywithpredictingthecomet’sorbit,whatNewtondiddowastieinwithmathematics,astronomyandourcomprehensionoftheuniversethroughtheuseofhistelescopeandhisuniversalgravitationtheory.TheoriginaltelescopeconstructedbyNewtonispreservedandmaintainedbytheRoyalSocietyofLondon.ItisshowcasedinLondonandoccasionallyembarksoninternationaltoursasanelementofexhibitions.12.WhatdoweknowaboutNewton’stelescope?A.Ithasagreatsizewithcomplexstructure.B.Itreliesonmirrorsinsteadoflenses.C.Itcanmaketheimagesmallerthanarefractor.D.IthelpedNewtonuncovernovelastronomicalphenomena.13.WhatproblemsdidNewton’stelescopemanagetosolve?A.Restrictionsontheproduction. B.Issueswithimagequality.C.Challengesoflensmaking. D.Limitsoflight’spassingangles.14.WhydoestheauthormentionGalileoandHalley?A.Tostateafact. B.Toraiseapoint.C.Toexplainaconcept. D.Tomakeacomparison.15.Whatisthemainideaofthearticle?A.Newton’stelescopeispreservedbytheRoyalSocietyasahistoricalscientificantique.B.Newton’stelescopesimplifiedconstructionandenabledlargersizescomparedtorefractors.C.Newton’stelescopeinnovatedastronomybysolvingproblemscausedbylenslimitations.D.Newton’stelescopeachievedbreakthroughimprovementsoverrefractors,observingnewastronomicalphenomena.【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了牛頓的反射望遠鏡如何通過使用鏡子而非透鏡，解決了色差和透鏡重量問題，從而推動了天文學的發展?！?2題詳析】細節理解題。由文章第二段中“Reflectingtelescopesusemirrorstoreflectandfocuslightandenlargeimages,distinguishingthemfromrefractors(折射望遠鏡)thatrelyonlenses(透鏡).(反射望遠鏡使用鏡子來反射和聚焦光線并放大圖像，這與依賴透鏡的折射望遠鏡不同。)”可知，牛頓的望遠鏡依靠鏡子而不是透鏡。故選B。【13題詳析】細節理解題。由文章第三段中“Aslightpassesthroughglass,variouscolorsorbandsarerefractedatvaryingangles,leadingtochromaticaberration(色差)andconsequently,twistedimageswhenviewedthroughalens.(當光線穿過玻璃時，各種顏色或波段會以不同的角度折射，導致色差，因此，通過透鏡觀看時圖像會扭曲。)”以及第四段中“Newton’stelescopesolvedtheseproblems.(牛頓的望遠鏡解決了這些問題。)”可知，牛頓的望遠鏡設法解決了圖像質量問題。故選B?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第五段“WhileGalileoiscreditedwiththediscoveryofmoonsaroundJupiterandHalleywithpredictingthecomet’sorbit,whatNewtondiddowastieinwithmathematics,astronomyandourcomprehensionoftheuniversethroughtheuseofhistelescopeandhisuniversalgravitationtheory.(雖然伽利略因發現木星周圍的衛星而備受贊譽，哈雷則因預測彗星軌道而聞名，但牛頓所做的是通過他的望遠鏡和他的萬有引力理論，將數學、天文學和我們對宇宙的理解聯系在一起。)”可知，作者提到伽利略和哈雷是為了與牛頓進行對比，突出牛頓的貢獻。故選D。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第二段“Reflectingtelescopesusemirrorstoreflectandfocuslightandenlargeimages,distinguishingthemfromrefractors(折射望遠鏡)thatrelyonlenses(透鏡).Theirsimplicityinconstructionandabilitytoachievemuchgreatersizesthanrefractorshaveledtoatransformationinourastronomicalknowledgeandcomprehensionoftheuniverse.(反射望遠鏡利用鏡子來反射和聚焦光線并放大圖像，這與依賴透鏡的折射望遠鏡有所不同。反射望遠鏡構造簡單，且能夠達到比折射望遠鏡大得多的尺寸，這推動了我們對天文知識和宇宙理解的變革。)”、第三段中“Aslightpassesthroughglass,variouscolorsorbandsarerefractedatvaryingangles,leadingtochromaticaberration(色差)andconsequently,twistedimageswhenviewedthroughalens.(當光線穿過玻璃時，各種顏色或波段會以不同的角度折射，導致色差，因此，通過透鏡觀看時圖像會扭曲。)”以及第四段中“Newton’stelescopesolvedtheseproblems.(牛頓的望遠鏡解決了這些問題。)”可知，文章主要介紹了牛頓的望遠鏡如何通過解決透鏡限制引起的問題來革新天文學。故選C。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Genes,thebasicunitsofheredity,playacrucialroleindeterminingourphysicalcharacteristicsandhealthconditions.___16___Withthedevelopmentofmoderntechnology,genetictestinghasbecomeanimportanttoolforunderstandingourbiologicalmakeup.Whenyoutakeagenetictest,scientistswillanalyzeyourDNAsample.___17___Forexample,sometestscantellifyoucarrygenesthatmightincreaseyourriskofcertaindiseaseslikebreastcancerorheartconditions.Thisknowledgecanhelppeopletakepreventivemeasuresearly.However,genetictestingalsoraisesethicalquestions.___18___Shouldemployershaveaccesstothisinformation?Whatifinsurancecompaniesuseittodenycoverage?Whatifhospitalsprioritizetreatmentsbasedongeneticrisks?Theseissuesrequirecarefulconsideration.___19___Thisneedscountriestoworktogether,setclearrules,andpreventunfairtreatment.Forexample,theGlobalAllianceforGenomicsandHealth(GA4GH)createdthe“FrameworkforResponsibleSharingofGenomicandHealth-relatedData”.Itunifiesprivacyrulesinover40countries,lettingscientistsstudyrarediseasesusinganonymousgeneticdata.Atthesametime,itrequiresstrictcompliance(遵守)oflawsandstopsanyharmfuluseofpersonalinformation.Theseactionsshowhowglobalteamworkcanprotectpeople’sprivacywhilehelpingmedicalsciencemoveforward.Thoughnotperfect,genetictestingoffersvaluableinsights.Byunderstandingourgeneticrisks,wecanmakebetterlifestylechoicesandworkwithdoctorstocreatepersonalizedhealthplans.Forexample,individualswithagenetictendencyforheartdiseasemightincreasecardiovascularexercisesandreducesaturatedfatintake.___20___A.Ultimately,thisknowledgeenablesproactivehealthmanagementtailoredtoindividualneeds.B.Theycontaincodesforproteinsthatdirectlyaffectbodilyfunctionsandhealth.C.Toaddresstheserisks,legalframeworksmustbalanceprivacyprotectionwithresearchneeds.D.LaboratorytechnicianscompareDNAsamplestoidentifyuniquegeneticmarkers.E.Theseanalysescandetectgenevariationslinkedtoinherited(遺傳)diseases.F.Theownershipanduseofgeneticinformationremainhighlycontroversial(有爭議的).G.Effectivedataprotectionmethodsareessentialforsecuringgeneticdatabases.【答案】16.B17.E18.F19.C20.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了基因在決定我們的身體特征和健康狀況方面的作用，以及基因檢測技術的發展、應用、倫理問題及其全球合作的解決方案。【16題詳析】上文“Genes,thebasicunitsofheredity,playacrucialroleindeterminingourphysicalcharacteristicsandhealthconditions.(基因，遺傳的基本單位，在決定我們的身體特征和健康狀況方面發揮著至關重要的作用)”說明基因的重要性，空處應繼續說明基因如何影響我們，B選項“Theycontaincodesforproteinsthatdirectlyaffectbodilyfunctionsandhealth.(它們包含直接影響身體功能和健康的蛋白質的編碼)”進一步解釋了基因如何對身體產生影響，“They”指代上文的“Genes”，起到承接上文的作用。故選B。【17題詳析】上文“Whenyoutakeagenetictest,scientistswillanalyzeyourDNAsample.(當你進行基因檢測時，科學家會分析你的DNA樣本)”及下文“Forexample,sometestscantellifyoucarrygenesthatmightincreaseyourriskofcertaindiseaseslikebreastcancerorheartconditions.(例如，一些測試可以判斷你是否攜帶可能增加患某些疾病（如乳腺癌或心臟?。╋L險的基因)”說明科學家會分析DNA樣本來判斷某些疾病的風險，空處承上啟下，說明科學家是如何分析的，E選項“Theseanalysescandetectgenevariationslinkedtoinherited(遺傳)diseases.(這些分析可以檢測到與遺傳疾病相關的基因變異)”中的“Theseanalyses”承接上文的“analyzeyourDNAsample”，“detectgenevariationslinkedtoinheriteddiseases”與下文舉例內容相呼應，起到承上啟下的作用，符合語境。故選E?！?8題詳析】上文“However,genetictestingalsoraisesethicalquestions.(然而，基因檢測也引發了倫理問題)”說明基因檢測引發了關于信息使用和隱私的倫理問題，F選項“Theownershipanduseofgeneticinformationremainhighlycontroversial(有爭議的).(基因信息的所有權和使用仍然存在很大爭議)”既承接上文基因測試引發倫理問題，又引出下文關于基因信息使用爭議的具體例子“Shouldemployershaveaccesstothisinformation?Whatifinsurancecompaniesuseittodenycoverage?Whatifhospitalsprioritizetreatmentsbasedongeneticrisks?(雇主應該獲取這些信息嗎？如果保險公司利用它拒絕承保怎么辦？如果醫院根據遺傳風險優先治療怎么辦？)”。故選F?！?9題詳析】下文“Thisneedscountriestoworktogether,setclearrules,andpreventunfairtreatment.(這需要各國共同努力，制定明確的規則，防止不公平待遇)”說明需要國際合作和制定規則來解決基因檢測的倫理問題，空處引出下文，說明為了解決這些問題需要做什么，C選項“Toaddresstheserisks,legalframeworksmustbalanceprivacyprotectionwithresearchneeds.(為了解決這些風險，法律框架必須在隱私保護和研究需求之間取得平衡)”符合語境。故選C。【20題詳析】上文“Thoughnotperfect,genetictestingoffersvaluableinsights.Byunderstandingourgeneticrisks,wecanmakebetterlifestylechoicesandworkwithdoctorstocreatepersonalizedhealthplans.Forexample,individualswithagenetictendencyforheartdiseasemightincreasecardiovascularexercisesandreducesaturatedfatintake.(雖然并不完美，但基因檢測提供了有價值的見解。通過了解我們的遺傳風險，我們可以做出更好的生活方式選擇，并與醫生合作制定個性化的健康計劃。例如，有心臟病遺傳傾向的個體可能會增加心血管鍛煉，減少飽和脂肪的攝入)”說明基因檢測可以幫助我們做出更好的健康選擇，空處總結上文，說明基因檢測的好處，A選項“Ultimately,thisknowledgeenablesproactivehealthmanagementtailoredtoindividualneeds.(最終，這些知識使能夠根據個人需求進行主動健康管理成為可能)”強調了解基因風險帶來的最終好處，符合語境。故選A。第三部分語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Lastsummer,Idecidedtojoinamountain-climbingcamporganizedbyourcommunity.ThoughIlacked___21___inmyphysicalabilities,theideaofchallengingmyselfappealedtomedeeply.Myparents___22___meabouttherisks,butIfeltastrong___23___toprovemyself.Onthefirstday,ourinstructorgatheredusatthebaseandannouncedwewould___24___the3,000-meterpeakwithinthreedays.Myheartmissedabeatandmypalmsgrewsweatywithamixofnervousnessand___25___Theinitialclimbwentsmoothly.Sunlight___26___throughthetrees,andwildflowersbloomedalongthepath,theircolorsvividagainstthegreen.Birdssangcheerfullyinthepinetrees,asifcheeringuson.___27___,bythesecondafternoon,darkcloudsgatheredsuddenly.Withinminutes,rainbegantopour,turningthe___28___pathintoadangerousobstacle.Islippedtwice,mylegsshaking___29___Thatnightinthe___30___,exhaustedandshiveringinthecold,I___31___givingup.Justthen,myteammateLisaenteredwithasmile,herflashlightcastingawarmglow.“Rememberwhyyoustarted,”shesaid,handingmeahotdrink.Her___32___wordsrekindledmydeterminationlikeasparkinthedarkness.Thefinalclimbtestedourlimits.Weclung(抓緊)toropes,our___33___visibleinthefreezingair.WhenIfinallyreachedthesummit,tears___34___withsweatonmyface.Belowus,valleyslaywrappedingoldensunlight,resemblingamagicalpainting.Sometimes,thegreatest___35___onlyappearsafterthehardestclimb.21.A.motivation B.experience C.intelligence D.confidence22.A.advised B.warned C.educated D.questioned23.A.urge B.curiosity C.impatience D.pressure24.A.conquer B.approach C.locate D.explore25.A.self-awareness B.self-denial C.self-doubt D.self-pity26.A.laughedout B.passeddown C.rolleddown D.streameddown27.A.However B.Thus C.Instead D.Moreover28.A.icy B.sandy C.dusty D.rocky29.A.slightly B.uncontrollably C.rhythmically D.strangely30.A.dormitory B.shelter C.vehicle D.apartment31.A.imagined B.regretted C.considered D.avoided32.A.grateful B.cautious C.encouraging D.unselfish33.A.flags B.breaths C.shadows D.footsteps34.A.met B.mixed C.competed D.identified35.A.view B.journey C.trial D.dream【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.A25.C26.D27.A28.D29.B30.B31.C32.C33.B34.B35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者參加社區組織的登山營，面對身體上的挑戰和心理上的動搖，最終在隊友鼓勵下成功登頂并獲得深刻感悟的經歷?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我對自己的體能缺乏信心，但挑戰自己的想法深深地吸引了我。A.motivation動機；B.experience經驗，經歷；C.intelligence智力；D.confidence信心。根據轉折詞Though和后文“theideaofchallengingmyselfappealedtomedeeply”可知，后面說挑戰自我的想法吸引作者，前面應是作者對自己的身體能力沒信心。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的父母警告我有風險，但我感到一種強烈的沖動要證明自己。A.advised建議；B.