英語軟件開發面試題目及答案

一、單項選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.WhichdatatypeisusedtostorewholenumbersinJava?A.floatB.doubleC.intD.char答案：C2.InPython,whichkeywordisusedtodefineafunction?A.defB.funcC.functionD.define答案：A3.WhatdoesHTMLstandfor?A.HyperTextMarkupLanguageB.HighTransferMarkupLanguageC.HyperlinkandTextMarkupLanguageD.HomeToolMarkupLanguage答案：A4.Whichofthefollowingisafront-endframework?A.DjangoB.FlaskC.ReactD.Spring答案：C5.InSQL,whichkeywordisusedtoretrievedatafromadatabase?A.INSERTB.UPDATEC.DELETED.SELECT答案：D6.Whichprogramminglanguageisknownforitsgarbagecollection?A.CB.C++C.JavaD.Assembly答案：C7.WhatistheoutputofthefollowingPythoncode:print(2+34)?A.20B.14C.9D.10答案：B8.Whichofthefollowingisnotanobject-orientedprogramminglanguage?A.JavaB.CC.PythonD.C答案：B9.InJavaScript,howdoyoudeclareavariable?A.varB.letC.constD.Alloftheabove答案：D10.Whichofthefollowingisamobileapplicationdevelopmentframework?A.IonicB.SymfonyC.LaravelD.Express答案：A二、多項選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Whichofthefollowingarefeaturesofobject-orientedprogramming?A.EncapsulationB.InheritanceC.PolymorphismD.Proceduralprogramming答案：ABC2.Whichlanguagescanbeusedforback-enddevelopment?A.JavaB.PythonC.JavaScript(Node.js)D.HTML答案：ABC3.Insoftwaredevelopment,whichofthefollowingareimportantforcodequality?A.CodereadabilityB.CodecomplexityC.CodereusabilityD.Codelength答案：AC4.Whichofthefollowingaredatabasemanagementsystems?A.MySQLB.OracleC.MongoDBD.Excel答案：ABC5.Whichofthefollowingareusedinversioncontrol?A.GitB.SVNC.CVSD.FTP答案：ABC6.WhichofthefollowingarevalidCSSselectors?A.ClassselectorB.IDselectorC.TagselectorD.Fileselector答案：ABC7.Whichofthefollowingareimportantforsoftwaresecurity?A.InputvalidationB.PasswordhashingC.SQLinjectionpreventionD.Usingglobalvariables答案：ABC8.WhichofthefollowingareAgiledevelopmentmethodologies?A.ScrumB.KanbanC.WaterfallD.ExtremeProgramming答案：ABD9.Whichofthefollowingarecloudcomputingplatforms?A.AmazonWebServices(AWS)B.GoogleCloudPlatform(GCP)C.MicrosoftAzureD.Localserver答案：ABC10.Whichofthefollowingareimportantformobileappperformance?A.MemorymanagementB.NetworkoptimizationC.ImagecompressionD.UsingdeprecatedAPIs答案：ABC三、判斷題（每題2分，共10題）1.Javaallowsmultipleinheritance.(False)2.HTMLisaprogramminglanguage.(False)3.Pythoniscase-sensitive.(True)4.InSQL,youcanupdatemultiplecolumnsinasingleUPDATEstatement.(True)5.JavaScriptcanbeusedforbothfront-endandback-enddevelopment.(True)6.C++hasautomaticgarbagecollection.(False)7.ARESTfulAPIcanonlyreturnJSONdata.(False)8.InCSS,themarginpropertycontrolsthespaceinsideanelement.(False)9.ThemainfunctionisrequiredineveryPythonprogram.(False)10.Agiledevelopmentemphasizesupfrontplanningoveriterativedevelopment.(False)四、簡答題（每題5分，共4題）1.Whatisthepurposeofencapsulationinobject-orientedprogramming?答案：Encapsulationinobject-orientedprogrammingisusedtohidetheinternalstateandimplementationdetailsofanobject.Itprovidesaclearseparationbetweentheinterfaceandtheimplementation,andhelpsinprotectingthedatafrombeingaccessedandmodifiedinanunauthorizedway.2.ExplainthedifferencebetweenGETandPOSTrequestsinwebdevelopment.答案：GETrequestsareusedtoretrievedatafromtheserver.TheyareusuallycachedandthedataissentintheURL.POSTrequestsareusedtosenddatatobeprocessedtotheserver.Thedataissentinthebodyoftherequestandisnotcached.3.Whatisasoftwaredesignpattern?Giveanexample.答案：Asoftwaredesignpatternisageneral-reusablesolutiontoacommonlyoccurringprobleminsoftwaredesign.AnexampleistheSingletonpattern,whichensuresthatonlyoneinstanceofaclassiscreatedandprovidesaglobalpointofaccesstoit.4.Howcanyouoptimizetheperformanceofadatabasequery?答案：Somewaystooptimizedatabasequeryperformanceincludeusingproperindexing,minimizingtheuseofsub-queries,optimizingJOINoperations,andlimitingtheamountofdataretrieved.五、討論題（每題5分，共4題）1.Discusstheimportanceofcodereviewsinsoftwaredevelopment.答案：Codereviewsareimportantastheycancatchbugsearly,improvecodequality,ensurecodingstandardsarefollowed,andpromoteknowledgesharingamongteammembers.2.Whatarethechallengesindevelopingcross-platformmobileapplications?答案：Challengesincludedifferentscreensizes,devicecapabilities,operatingsystemspecificfeatures,andensuringconsistentuserexperienceacrossplatforms.3.Explainhowtohandleerrorsinasoftwareapplication.答案：Errorhandlingcanbedonebyusingtry-catchblocksinmanyprogramminglanguages.Lo