2025年高考英語二輪復習時文閱讀訓練

專題04

洛杉磯大火肆虐美國

I.文章話題導入

n.外刊原文閱讀

in.閱讀理解專項針對性練習

IV.話題高頻詞匯強化訓練

v.參考譯文賞析

【話題?導語】

洛杉磯縣的野火仍在肆虐，截至發(fā)稿時，帕利塞德斯和伊頓這兩起最嚴重的大火造成的死亡人數(shù)已上

升至24人，一些當?shù)孛襟w預測這場野火是“美國歷史上代價最高的自然災害”之一。

【原文?外刊閱讀】

CaliforniafiresmaybeamongcostliestnaturaldisastersinUShistory

（文章來源：GlobalTimes）

Nearly33,000homesandbusinessesacrossLos

AngelesCountyremainedwithoutpoweronSunday

night,Forbesreported,citingtheLosAngeles

DepartmentofWaterandPower.Thedepartmentsaid

itscrewswere"assessingthefire-affectedareasnand

powerrestorationworkwillbeginafterthe

assessmentsarecompleted,Forbesreported.

TheragingwildfiresacrossLosAngelesareprojectedtobeamongthecostliestnaturaldisastersinUShistory,

APreported,citingaprivatemeteorologicalfirm.

ApreliminaryestimatebyAccuWeatherputthedamageandeconomiclossessofarbetween$135billionand

$150billion.Bycomparison,AccuWeatherestimatedthedamageandeconomiclossescausedbyHurricane

Helene,whichtoreacrosssixsoutheasternstateslastfall,at$225billionto$250billion,theAPreportsaid.

ThewildfireshaveforcedahostofTVproductionstotemporarilystopfilming.MorethanadozenLA-based

shows,rangingfromGrey'sAnatomytoThePriceIsRight,havepausedproduction,accordingtotheHollywood

Reporter.

ThefederalBureauofAlcohol,Tobacco,FirearmsandExplosiveswilltaketheleadininvestigatingtheexact

causeofthemultiplefires,accordingtoFox11.

Asofficialstrytodeterminethecauseofawildfirethathasburnedanestimated7,000structuresinandaround

Altadena,investigatorskeepreturningtooneplace:anelectricaltransmissiontowerinEatonCanyon,accordingto

LATimes.

Meanwhile,utilitiesarerequiredtoreporttotheCaliforniaPublicUtilitiesCommissionwhentheyknowof

nelectricincidentspotentiallyassociatedwithawildfire/OnFriday,SouthernCaliforniaEdisonfiledareport

relatedtotheEatonFireinthehillsnearPasadena,anareatheutilityserves,theFOX11reportsaid.

JohnAbatzoglou,aprofessorofClimatologyattheUniversityofCalifornia,toldtheGlobalTimesonMonday

viaemailthattherearemanyotherplacesgloballythatbumwithmoreregularitythanCalifornia,butthefiresin

thestatehavecertainlybeennoteworthyfortheirintensity,size,andimpacts.

Abatzogloubelievedthespecificcausesforthisyear'swildfires"arestillunknownrightnow,butareall

human-causedfires,nwithoutfurtherelaboration.

nCalifomiahastheperfectclimateforfires,1'hesaid,explainingthattypically6-9monthsofrain-free

conditionsduringthewarmseasoncontributetolongcuringperiodsforvegetationtobecomereceptivetoigniting

andcarryingfire.Thelargeyear-to-yearvariabilityinprecipitationallowforabundantgrassandshrubstoflourish

duringthegoodyearsandbecomefuelduringdrytimes,hesaid.

TopographythatfavorsmountainfireweatherfeatureslikedownslopeSantaAnawindsthatbringfirefrom

thewildlandsdownhillintocommunities,andplentyofignitionsgiventhepopulation,hesaid.

Californiaaccountsforabout15percentofallburnedareainthecontiguousUS,but75percentofdirect

populationexposuretowildfire,whichresultsin“peoplelivingwithafirefootprint/Abatzoglouadded.

WangHongwei,aprofessorfromtheRenminUniversityofChina*sschoolofpublicadministrationand

policy,whofrequentlytookpartinemergencyresponseeventsinChina,toldtheGlobalTimesthatfromhispoint

ofview,localweakdisasterreliefefforts,suchastheshortageoffirefightersintheinitialphaseofrescueandfire

hydrantsthatrandry,alsofuelsuchlarge-scalefiresinCalifornia.

【原創(chuàng)?閱讀理解】

1.Accordingtothepassage,whenwillthepowerrestorationworkinLosAngelesCountybegin?

A.OnSundaynight.

B.Aftertheassessmentofthefire-affectedareasiscompleted.

C.Whenthewildfiresarecompletelyputout.

D.Assoonasthecrewsfindoutthecauseofthepowercut.

【答案】B

【解析】細節(jié)理解題根據(jù)文中atThedepartmentsaiditscrewswere''assessingthefire-affectedareas**and

powerrestorationworkwillbeginaftertheassessmentsarecompleted^^可知，洛杉磯縣的電力恢復工作將在火

災影響區(qū)域評估完成后開始，所以答案是Bo

2.WhatcanweinferfromthecomparisonbetweenthewildfiresinCaliforniaandHurricaneHelene?

A.ThewildfiresinCaliforniaarelessdestructivethanHurricaneHelene.

B.ThewildfiresinCaliforniaaremoredestructivethanHurricaneHelene.

C.ThewildfiresinCaliforniawillcausemoreeconomiclossesinthefuture.

D.ThedamagecausedbyHurricaneHeleneisnotasseriousasexpected.

【答案】A

【解析】推理判斷題文中提到“AccuWeatherputthedamageandeconomiclossesofwildfiressofarbetween

$135billionand$150billion.Bycomparison,AccuWeatherestimatedthedamageandeconomiclossescausedby

HurricaneHeleneat$225billionto$250billion"，通過兩者損失金額對比可知，目前加州野火的破壞性比海倫

颶風小，所以選Ao

3.WhatisthemainideaoftheparagraphaboutJohnAbatzoglou*sopinion?

A.Tointroducethefrequencyofwildfiresindifferentplaces.

B.ToexplainthereasonswhyCaliforniaispronetowildfires.

C.Tocomparetheimpactsofwildfiresindifferentregions.

D.Toshowtherelationshipbetweenclimateandwildfires.

【答案】B

【解析】段落大意題約翰?阿巴佐格魯提到加州氣候利于火災發(fā)生，溫暖季節(jié)長時間無雨使植被易燃燒,

降水變化導致易燃物增多，地形和人口因素也助長火勢等，主要是在解釋加州容易發(fā)生野火的原因，所以

答案是Bo

4.WhatisWangHongwei'sattitudetowardsthewildfiresinCalifornia?

A.Indifferent.

B.Optimistic.

C.Critical.

D.Supportive.

【答案】C

【解析】觀點態(tài)度題王宏偉指出當?shù)鼐葹墓ぷ鞑涣Γ缇仍跗谙绬T短缺、消防栓無水可用等助長了加

州大規(guī)模野火，這表明他對加州野火情況持批評態(tài)度，所以選Co

【高頻詞匯訓練】

翻譯句子：

1.要記住，你的個人信息一定要保密。(keepinmind,keep....private)(漢譯英)

［答案］Keepinmindthatyoumustkeepyourpersonalinformationprivate.

【詳解】考查祈使句、短語、形容詞及情態(tài)動詞。表示“記住”用Keepinmind；表示“一定、必須"用must；

表示"保密"用keepprivate；表示“你的個人信息”用yourpersonalinformationo故翻譯為Keepinmindthat

youmustkeepyourpersonalinformationprivate.

2.消防員對猛烈的大火迅速作出反應，及時將它控制住。(firefighter,fierce,blaze,react,bring...under

control)(漢譯英)

【答案】Thefirefightersreactedquicklytothefierceblazeandbroughtitundercontrolintime.

【詳解】考查時態(tài)、形容詞和副詞。表示“消防員”用thefirefighters；表示“猛烈的”用形容詞fierce作定語,

表示“大火'用名詞blaze；表示“反應”用謂語動詞react,表示“迅速地”用副詞quickly作狀語；表示“及時”用

intime；表示“將它控制住"用bringitundercontrol；題干描述的是過去發(fā)生的事，故用一般過去時；句首

單詞首字母要用大寫；本句react是不及物動詞，后接介詞to表示“對作出反應”，故構成Thefirefighters

reactedquicklytothefierceblaze；用and連接兩個并列句，即形成后半句andbroughtitundercontrolintime。

故填Thefirefightersreactedquicklytothefierceblazeandbroughtitundercontrolintime。

3.當你和父母意見相左時，冷靜下來并嘗試從他們的角度了解情況。（fisnone'spointofview）（漢譯英）

【答案】Whenyoudisagreewithyourparents,calmdownandtrytounderstandtheirsituationfromtheirpointof

view.

【詳解】考查狀語從句、祈使句、動詞短語、名詞和介詞短語。表示“當你和父母意見相左時”句子陳述目前

事實，應用一般現(xiàn)在時，使用when引導的時間狀語從句“Whenyoudisagreewithyourparents"，“和（某人）

意見相左”為disagreewithsb.,此處為一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語為you（你），故謂語動詞用disagree；表示“冷靜下

來“應用動詞短語calmdown,表示“嘗試做某事“為trytodo,兩者由連詞and連接作主句的并列謂語，主句

為祈使句，故其謂語動詞calmdown和try均為原形；表示“了解情況”可以翻譯為understandtheir

situation,situation為不可數(shù)名詞，”從他們的角度'可以翻譯為fromtheirpointofview,作狀語修飾動詞短語

understandtheirsituationo故番現(xiàn)譯為Whenyoudisagreewithyourparents,calmdownandtrytounderstandtheir

situationfromtheirpointofview.

4.研究人員想弄清楚經(jīng)常與動物接觸是否能幫助人們有效減輕壓力。（exposure）（漢譯英）

【答案】Researcherswanttofigureoutwhether/ifconstantexposuretoanimalscanhelppeopleeffectivelyreduce

theirstress.

【詳解】考查名詞、固定短語、賓語從句、動詞時態(tài)。表示“研究人員”用researcher,結合句意可知，研究

人員不止一個，應用名詞復數(shù)形式，作主語；表示“想弄清楚”用wanttofigureout,本句陳述事實，故時態(tài)

用一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語為Researchers,故謂語用動詞原形；表示“暴露于，接觸”用exposureto,其中to為

介詞；表示“減少壓力”用reducetheirstress,因此表示“經(jīng)常與動物接觸是否能幫助人們有效減輕壓力”用從

句whether/ifconstantexposuretoanimalscanhelppeopleeffectivelyreducetheirstress,作figureout的賓語，

其中從句主語為constantexposuretoanimals”持續(xù)接觸動物”。故翻譯為：Researcherswanttofigureout

whether/ifconstantexposuretoanimalscanhelppeopleeffectivelyreducetheirstress.

5.我經(jīng)常在業(yè)余時間和一些英語網(wǎng)友聊天，這對我的英語口語很有幫助。（contribute。which的非限制性

定語從句）（漢譯英）

【答案1IoftenchatwithsomeEnglishnetfriendsinmysparetime,whichcontributetomyspokenEnglish.

【詳解】考查固定短語和定語從句。主語為I;表示“和某人聊天”短語為chatwithsb.；表示“在業(yè)余時間”短

語為inone'ssparetime；“這對我的英語口語很有幫助”處理為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為整個主句內容,

從句缺少主語，應用關系代詞which引導；表示“有幫助”短語為contributeto；表示“英語口語”短語為spoken

Englisho句子時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時。故翻譯為IoftenchatwithsomeEnglishnetfriendsinmysparetime,which

contributetomyspokenEnglish.

6.人們傾向于與他們有相似興趣的人交往。(associatewith)(漢譯英)

【答案］Peopletendtoassociatewithpeoplewho/thathavesimilarinterestswiththem.

【詳解】考查固定短語、時態(tài)、定語從句、名詞。結合句意，為陳述一個客觀現(xiàn)象，故需要用一般現(xiàn)在時

態(tài)；表示“傾向于”為固定短語tendto,后接動詞需要用動詞原形；表示“與...交往”為提示短語associate

with；表示“與他們有相似興趣的人”可用定語從句表達，“人”即people為先行詞，從句中謂語動詞為have

表示“有”，表示“興趣”為interest,是可數(shù)名詞，結合句意可知，不止一個共同興趣，故用復數(shù)形式，從句

缺少主語，用關系代詞who或that引導該定語從句。故翻譯為Peopletendtoassociatewithpeoplewho/thathave

similarinterestswiththem.

7.警察正在調查一件謀殺案，在這個案子中，兩個人在一家酒店被殺。(wereinvestigating,kill,hotel)(漢譯

英)

［答案］Thepoliceisinvestigatingamurderinwhichtwopersonswerekilledinahotel.

【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意及提示詞可知，此處使用現(xiàn)在進行時；“警察”表達為thepolice,作為主

句主語，因其在此處是集合名詞，故謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；amurder(兇殺案)做先行詞，inwhich引導定語

從句，從句主語twopersons和謂語動詞kill之間是被動關系，應用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。結合其他提示,

故譯為Thepoliceisinvestigatingamurderinwhichtwopersonswerekilledinahotel.

8.Thando畢業(yè)后成為了一名設計電腦游戲的設計師并專注于探索新產(chǎn)品。(product)(SVO)(漢譯英)

【答案】Thandobecameadesignerwhodesignscomputergamesaftergraduationandfocusedonexploringnew

products.

【詳解】考查定語從句。“畢業(yè)后”譯為介詞短語aftergraduation,“成為了一名設計師”譯為becomea

designer,“專注于”使用動詞短語focuson,“探索新產(chǎn)品”使用動詞短語explorenewproducts,使用動名詞形

式作。n的賓語，become和focus是并列的謂語動詞，表示過去發(fā)生的事情，使用一般過去時；“設計電腦

游戲的“譯為一個定語從句，修飾designer,“設計電腦游戲”譯為designcomputergames,關系詞在從句中作

主語，先行詞designer指人，使用關系代詞who引導，從句描述一個事實，使用一般現(xiàn)在時，who表示單

數(shù)意義，謂語使用單數(shù)，故翻譯為：Thandobecameadesignerwhodesignscomputergamesaftergraduationand

focusedonexploringnewproducts.

9.雖然物質產(chǎn)品的價值可以用金錢來衡量，但要估算別人為我們所提供的服務的價值卻是極其困難的。

(intermsof,estimate)(漢譯英)

【答案］Thoughitmaybepossibletomeasurethevalueofmaterialgoodsintermsofmoney,itisextremely

difficulttoestimatethetruevalueoftheserviceswhichpeopleperformforus.

【詳解】考查動詞，狀語從句，介詞短語以及定語從句。分析句子，句子表述客觀事實，故使用一般現(xiàn)在

時。句子可處理為主從復合句，用although引導讓步狀語從句，主從句都涉及固定句型itbe+adj.+todo"做

某事是...的”；表示“衡量物質產(chǎn)品的價值“用measurethevalueofmaterialgoods；表示“就金錢方面”用in

termsofmoney；因此表示“雖然物質產(chǎn)品的價值可以用金錢來衡量''用thoughitmaybepossibletomeasurethe

valueofmaterialgoodsintermsofmoney；表示"尤其地''用extremely；表示"估算“用estimate,表示“...的

真正價值”用thetruevalueof...；表示“別人為我們所提供的服務”用theserviceswhichpeopleperformforus,

which引導定語從句，引導詞作主語，修飾先行詞services。因此表示“估算別人為我們所提供的服務的價值

去［?是極其困難的“用itisextremelydifficulttoestimatethetruevalueoftheserviceswhichpeopleperformforus。

結合其他漢語提示，故翻V譯為Thoughitmaybepossibletomeasurethevalueofmaterialgoodsintermsof

money,itisextremelydifficulttoestimatethetruevalueoftheserviceswhichpeopleperformforus.

10.亨利被安排做廚師長，負責全體機組人員和乘客的健康飲食。(assign,crew)(漢譯英)

【答案1Henrywasassignedtobethechefinchargeofthehealthydietofthecrewandpassengers.

【詳解】考查動詞短語、名詞、介詞短語、名詞短語。根據(jù)句意以及句子的提示詞可知，表示“被安排

做...”應為動詞短語beassignedtodo；表示“廚師長”為名詞chef；表示“負責”應為介詞短語inchargeof；

表示“全體機組人員和乘客的健康飲食”應為名詞短語thehealthydietofthecrewandpassengerso結合句意可

知，該句應為陳述過去發(fā)生的事情，為一般過去時。故翻譯為Henrywasassignedtobethechefinchargeo