2022年10月高等教育自學考試全國統一命題考試英語（二）試卷及答案（課程代碼：00015）Ⅰ.VocabularyandStructure(10points,1pointforeachitem)從下列各句四個選項中選出一個最佳答案，并在答題卡上將相應的字母涂黑。1．Itmakesgood＿tobringanumbrella;itseemstoberainingtoday.A.senseB．reasonC.suggestionD.advice2．Ifyouaretoo＿ofyourchildren,theywillneverlearntodealwithdifficultiesinlife.A.respectiveB.detectiveC．protectiveD．effective.3．Hisintelligencewill＿himtogetascholarshiptocollege.A.enableB.persuadeC.suggestD.employ4．Theprofessoraskedaquestion,andDavid＿agoodanswer.A.putupwithB.stoodupforC．cameupwithD．lookeddownupon5．Nosoonerhadwereachedhome＿aviolentstormbrokeout.A.whenB.thatC．untilD．than6．Peoplediffer＿oneanother＿theirabilitytohandlestress.A.from...toB．from...inC.for...inD.in...from7．Theyshouldtryto＿theirusualinhibitionsandjoininthefun.A.sendoffB．layasideC．taketoD.turnoff8．Duringthepasttwodecades,researchhas＿ourknowledgeofdaydreaming.A.expandedB.emergedC.descendedD.conquered9．Thestudentsarerequiredto＿themainideasofthearticleintheirownwords.A.symbolizeB.minimizeC．synchronizeD.summarize10．Theoutlineofrooftopsandchimneys＿againstthepalesky.A.pulledoutB.lookedoutC．heldoutD．stoodoutⅡ．ClozeTest(10points,1pointforeachitem)下列短文中有＋個空白，每個空白有四個選項。根據上下文要求選出最佳答案，并在答題卡上將相應的字母涂黑。Curiosityisnotonlyapossiblemotivation,itisalsoagreathelpinyourlearninglanguages.Rememberthatalanguageisnot11agrammaticalsystem.Itisthe12ofacertaincultureofdifferentcultures.Itisnogood13stringsofwordsandlistsofgrammaticalrules14youknowasmuchaspossibleaboutthebackgroundofthelanguage,sothatyoucanunderstandtheideasconveyedandthereferencesmade,aswellastheinferenceswhichcan15theinformationclearlygiven.Solearnasmuchasyoucanaboutthedifferentcultureswhich16English-watchtelevisionprograms,listentotheradio,trytoobtain17andmagazineswrittenbynativespeakers,lookatadvertisements,and,aboveall,read-nottextbooks,18novels,poemsandplays.Theywillshowyouhowalanguageis19used.TheEnglishlanguageisalivingformofexpressionwhichderivesmuchofits20fromthecontext,andmuchofitseffectfromawholenetworkofextra-linguisticknowledge.11．A.justB.evenC.soD.that12．A.outlookB.outcomeC.outsetD.outline13．A.havelearntB.learnC.learningD.learnt14．A．sinceB．untilC．whenD．unless15．A．becarriedoverB．befreedfromC．beheldupD．bedrawnfrom16．A．influenceB．abandonC．restoreD.furnish17．A.filmB.televisionC．radioD.newspapers18．A．butB．orC．andD．as19．A．occasionallyB．reallyC．casuallyD．scarcely20．A．structureB．implicationC．meaningD．indicationⅢ．ReadingComprehension(30points,2pointsforeachitem)從下列每篇短文的問題后所給的四個選擇項中選出一個最佳答案，并在答題卡上將相應的字母涂黑。PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Howoftenonehearschildrenwishingtheyweregrownup,andoldpeoplewishingtheywereyoungagain.Eachagehasitspleasuresanditspains,andthehappiestpersonistheonewhoenjoyswhateachagegiveshimwithoutwastinghistimeinuselessregrets.Childhoodisatimewhentherearefewresponsibilities.Ifachildhasgoodparents,heiswellfed,lookedafterandloved.Itisunlikelythathewilleveragaininhislifebegivensomuchwithouthavingtodoanythinginreturn.Inaddition,lifeisalwayspresentingnewthingstothechild-thingsthathavelosttheirinterestforolderpeoplebecausetheyaretoowellknown.Achildfindspleasureinplayingintherain,orinthesnow.Hisfirstvisittotheseasideisamarvelousadventure．Butachildhashispains：heisnotsofreetodoashewishesashethinksolderpeopleare;heiscontinuallybeingtoldwhattodoandwhatnottodo．Therefore,achildisnothappyashewishestobe.Whentheyoungmanstartstoearnhisownliving,hebecomesfreefromthedisciplineofschoolandparents;butatthesametimeheisforcedtoaccept．responsibilities.Withnoonetopayforhisfood,hisclothes,orhisroom,hehastoworkifhewantstolivecomfortably.Ifhespendsmostofhistimeplayingaboutinthewaythatheusedtoasachild,hewillgohungry.Andifhebreaksthelawsofsocietyasheusedtobreakthelawsofhisparents,hemaygethimselfintotrouble.If,however,heworkshard,goesbythelawandhasgoodhealth,hemayfeelsatisfiedinseeinghimselfmakesteadyprogressinhisjobandinbuildingupforhimselfhisownpositioninsociety.Oldagehasalwaysbeenthoughtofastheworstagetobe;butitisnotnecessaryfortheoldtobeunhappy.Witholdagecomeswisdomandtheabilitytohelpotherswithadvicewiselygiven.Theoldcanhavethejoyofseeingtheirchildrenmakingprogressinlife;theycanwatchtheirgrandchildrengrowinguparoundthem;and,perhapsbestofall,theycan,iftheirlifehasbeenausefulone,feelthehappinessofhavingcomethroughthebattleoflifesafelyandofhavingreachedatimewhentheycanliebackandrest,leavingeverythingtoothers.21．ThehappiestpeopleshouldbethosewhoA．faceuptodifficultiesinlifeB．hopetobeyoungagainC．enjoylifeindifferentagesD．wishtobegrownup22．Theword“they”inLine5，Para.2refersto＿．A．olderpeopleB．newthingsC．childrenD．interests23．Achildhashispainsbecause＿．A．hecannotdowhateverhewantstoB．heisnotallowedtoplayinrainC．hehasalotofnewthingstolearnD.hecannotplayattheseasidefreely24．Whenachildbecomesagrown-up,heissupposedto＿．A．livecomfortablyB．takeresponsibilitiesC．makeprogressinjobD．impressthesociety25．Thebesttitleofthepassagemightbe＿．A．PainsandAgesB．DifferencesinAgesC．TheBestAgetoBeD．HappinessandAgesPassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Weallknowthathumansaredamagingtheenvironment,butwhatcanwedoaboutit?Somepeoplearetryingtodotheirbittobemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.LocalcouncilsinBritainencouragecertainaspectsofgreenliving,suchasrecyclingpaper,tin,plasticandglass.Theywanttoreducetheamountofrubbishgoingintolandfillsites（填埋場），becausetheyarerunningoutofplacestodump（傾倒）rubbish.Insomeareasrubbishforrecyclingiscollectedfromyourdoorstep,butinotherareas,youhavetotakeittoaspecialrecyclingplace,suchasabottlebank.AnotherwayofreducingtheamountofrubbishyoucreateistousereusableproductsinsteadofdisposableonesForexample,somepeopleusestrongshoppingbagsorboxesfortheirgroceriesinsteadofplasticcarrierbags,orusewashablenappiesinsteadofdisposables.Morepeoplearebecominginterestedinreducingtheircarbonfootprint—theamountofcarbontheyuseup.Theytrytoreducetheircarbonemissions（釋放）bycycling,usingpublictransportoranelectriccar,ratherthandrivinggas-consumingvehicles.Somepeoplechoosenottoflyforholidaytripsbecauseplanesarethebiggestproducersofcarbonemissions.Youcanmake‘green’choiceswhenbuyingfoodtoo.It'sbesttobuyfoodwhichwaslocallygrownorproducedsothatithasn'tbeenimportedbyair,orshippedbyroadfromfaraway.Housescanbeenvironmentallyfriendlytoo.Ittakeslessenergytoheatahouseifithasgoodinsulation（絕緣，隔熱）anddoubleglazing(雙層玻璃）．Youcanalsocreateyourownenergyityouhavesolarpanelsorawindturbinefittedthoughthesecanbeexpensive.Youcanalsosavewaterbyusingarainwatercontainerforwashingthecarorwateringthegarden.It'sevenpossibletouseasystemwhere‘greywater’—waterwhichhasbeenthroughatap（水龍頭）oncealready,isusedtoflush（沖洗）toilets.Somenewhousingprojectsarebeingbuiltspecificallytobeasenvironmentallyfriendlyaspossible.26．Thepurposeofcollectingreusablewastesisto＿．A．saveenergyconsumedindailylifeB．reducetheamountofrubbishdumpedC．createanewwayofgreenlivingD．decreasetheamountofcarbonproduced27．Inordertocutdownonthecarbonemission,morepeoplechoosetotravel＿．A．byelectriccar,bicycleorplaneB．byprivatecar,bicycleorbusC．bybus,electriccarorplaneD．bybicycle,busorelectriccar28．Itisbestforpeopletobuyfood＿whenmaking‘green’choices.A．producedlocallyB．importedabroadC．transportedbyroadD．growningreenhouses29．Asmentioned,‘greywater’canbeusedto＿，A．washthecarB．waterthegardenC．cleanthetoiletD．disposeofwastes30．Thepassageisintendedtoadvisepeople＿．A．tomakeuseofrubbishB．tosaveenergyandwaterC．torecyclereusableproductsD．tohaveagreenlivingPassageThreeQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Americansareaveryenergeticandmobilepeople,alwaysontherun;rushingfromoneappointmenttoanother,fromaPTA(ParentTeacherAssociation)meetingtoasocialplanningcommittee.Theyhaveverylittletimetospendpreparingelaborate（精致的，復雜的）everydaymealstobeeatenatleisure.Inmanyhomesitisrareforthewholefamilytositdownatsuppertogether.Clubsandcommitteesforcethemtograbaquickmealratherthanasit-downsupper.Whentheydohavethechancetoeatathome,oftentheworkinghousewifepreferstopreparemealsthatcanbequicklyheatedandconsumed.Itisnowonder,therefore,thatAmericahasbecomeashelterforfastfoodconsumption.ThisgreattransformationoccurredafterWorldWarⅡwhenmanywomenbegantoworkfulltimeandspendlesstimeathomewiththeirfamilies.Women,however,wantedtofunctionwellinthecapacityofhomemaker,aswellasthatofcareerwomanbuttimebecameapreciouscommodity（商品）whichhadtobecarefullyused.Therefore,itwasnecessarytomakeherlifeeasierathomeinthepreparationofthefamilydinner.Simultaneouslywithwomenenteringthejobmarkettherewasalsoashiftingofthefocusofhomeentertainmentfromtheradiotothetelevision.Televisionbecamethelatestfashioninthe1950sandnoonewantedtomisshisorherfavoriteprograms.Andthen,theplaceforsuppershiftedfromthediningroomtothelivingroom.Asthecustomschanged,sodidtheculture.TheimmediatesolutionforthiswastheinventionoftheTVdinner.Thesewerefrozenmealswhichweredividedintoportionsofmeatandvegetables.Theycouldeasilybeputintoanoven（鍋）andpreparedwithinminutes.Thetintrays（托盤）inwhichtheywereservedwereconvenientlycarriedintothelivingroomanddinnerwasconsumedinfrontofaTVset.Cleaningupafterwardswasnoproblem.Thetintrayswereeasilythrownintothegarbage.Fromfastdinnersathomethenextstepwasquickeatingwhileontheroad.LoveforTVwascombinedwiththefascinationfortheautomobile.ItisnotoddthatwiththedevelopmentofthesuperhighwaysAmericasawthebeginningoffastfoodchains.McDonald'spavedthewaywithitsvarietyofburgersandcolddrinkssoontobefollowedbyallkindsofotherfoods.Todaydozensoffast-foodchainstorescanbefoundalonghighways,inmodernshoppingmallsandscatteredthroughoutneighborhoodsinAmerica.TacoBell,PizzaHut,RoyRoger's,BurgerKingandWendy'sarejustafewofthefast-foodchainswhicharenowpartofAmericanculture．Theyofferchicken,donuts,tacosandpizza,allquicklyproducedingreatquantitiesforthemasses.TheseestablishmentshavegivenshapetothemodernlifestylesanddietoftheAmericanpeople.31．InAmerica,thewholefamilyseldomhavedinnertogetherathomebecause＿．A．theyhavesomanysocialactivitiesB．theyhavealotofmeetingstoattendC．theyrushfromoneappointmenttoanotherD．theyoftenmovefromoneplacetoanother32．AmericahasbecomeashelterforfastfoodconsumptionbecauseA．somewomenareengagedinentertainmentsB．fewwomenareabletomakemealsathomeC．womenareunwillingtocookfortheirfamiliesD．manywomenaremostlyoccupiedwithwork33．ThepassagetellsthatnowadaysAmericanshavetheirsupper＿．A．inthedinningroomB．inthelivingroomC．inthegrocerystoresD．inthefastfoodchains34．Theword“establishments”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans＿．A．fastfoodsB．TVdinnersC．shoppingmallsD．snackbars35．Themainideaofthepassageisabout＿.A．women'sroleinAmericanfamiliesB．advantagesoffastfoodforAmericansC．modernlifestylesanddietinAmericaD．shiftofAmericanhomeentertainmentPARTTWO（50POINTS）Iv．WordSpelling(10points,1pointfortwoitems)將下列漢語單詞譯成英語。每個單詞的詞類、首字母及字母數目均已給出。請將完整的單詞寫在答題紙上。36.角力，摔跤viw______37．打哈欠vi.y___38．天氣，氣象n.w______39．志愿者，志愿兵n.V________40.唯一的，獨特的a.u_____41．打字機n.t_________42．絆跌，絆倒vi.S______43．保持，保留n.r________44．提及，參考n.r________45．預期的，未來的a.p__________46．忽略，眺望vt.o_______47.功能的，實用的a.f_________48．部長，大臣n.m_______49．使地方化vt.l_______50．夾克衫n.j_____51．注射，針劑n.i________52．女主人n.h______53．真正的，真誠的a.g______54．侄子，外甥n.n_____55．懷疑的，可疑的a.d_______V．WordForm(10points,1pointforeachitem)將括號中的各詞變為適當的形式填入空白。答案寫在答題紙上。56．IwouldplayfootballwithyouifI＿20yearsyounger.(be)57．Justasshewasabout＿，shewashandedanote．(speak)58．Idon'twanttomakeashowof＿beforestrangers.(Ⅰ)59．__isthemotherofinvention.Thisisremarkablytrue.(Necessary)60．Themayorgavea＿speechtocallupthecitizensagainstpollution.(convince)61．Hewashurtbyaflowervase＿fromthebalcony（陽臺）．(drop)62．Neitherthepricesnorthequality＿inthelastcontract.(specify)63．Thebeautyoftheplaceisbeyond＿．(describe)64．ItisthefirsttimeI＿withnativespeakersinEnglish.(talk)65．Thefamilyspenta＿holidayinthecountrylastmonth.(delight)Ⅵ．TranslationfromChineseintoEnglish(15points,3pointsforeachitem)將下列各句譯成英語并將答案寫在答題紙上。66.上周末的音樂會上，那位歌唱家的演唱由她的學生擔任鋼琴伴奏。67.那些年輕人盡了全力才達到了他們的目標。68.全家人都同意去澳大利亞過新年。69．直到最近我才意識到語言與文化密切相關。70．科學技術從未像現在這樣高速發展。Ⅶ．TranslationfromEnglishintoChinese(15points)將下列短文譯成漢語并將答案寫在答題紙上。Booksaretomankindwhatmemoryistotheindividual.Theycontainthehistoryofourrace,thediscoverieswehavemade,theaccumulatedknowledgeandexperienceofages．Theypictureforusthemarvelsandbeautiesofnature,helpusoutofdifficulty,comfortusinsorrow,changehoursoftirednessintomomentsofdelight,fillourmindswithgoodideasandhappythoughts,andliftusoutofandaboveourselves.Andalso,bookscanhelptransportustomountainsortheseashore,andvisitthemostbeautifulpartsoftheearth,withoutfatigue,inconvenience,orexpense.Inasensetheygiveusanevenmorevividideathantheactualreality.So,preciousandpricelessaretheblessingswhichthebooksscatteraroundourdailypaths．Wewalk,inimagination,withnoblestspirits,