考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷418

一、閱讀（常規閱讀理解）（本題共20題，每題7.0

分，共20分。）

Thosedaysarclonggonewhenplacingatelephonecallmeantsimplypickingupthe

receiverandaskingtheoperatortopatchyouthrough.Moderncellphonesrequireusers

tonavigateaseriesofmenustofindnumbers,placecallsorcheckmessages.Eventhe

mosttech-savvymaytakeweekstodiscoversomeofthemoremysteriousmultimedia

functions.Imaginethedifficultyforsomeoneunabletoread.Thatisthechallengefor

mobilecommunicationscompaniesaimingtobranchoutintodevelopingcountries.The

prospectsseenfromthelastdecadearealluring:onlyaboutonetenthofIndia's

populationusecellphones.Butsellingtopoorruralareasisnotlikelytohappenwitha

marketingversionof"plugandplay."Mostpotentialbuyershavelittleexposureto

anythingotherthansimpleelectronics.Readingthroughaseriesofhierarchicalmenus

andpushingbuttonsfbrmultiplepurposeswouldbenewconceptsforsuchcustomeis.To

comeupwithasuitabledevice,Motorolareliedonateamofanthropologists,

psychologistsanddesignerstostudyhowtextuallyilliteratevillagersusetheiraging

televisions,tapeplayersandphones.Theresearchersnoticedthattheirsubjectswould

learneachbutton'sdedicatedfunction.Withsomethingmorecomplicated,suchasan

automatedtellermachine,userswouldmemorizeasetofbehaviorsinorder,which

allowedthemtomovethroughthemachine'sbasichierarchywithouthavingtoreadthe

menu.Theresearch,whichlastedthreeyears,ledMotorolatocraftacellularphone

slimmeddowntothreeessentialactivities:calling,managingnumbersandsimpletext

messaging."Alotofthefunctionsinacellphonearenotusefultoanyone,"pointsout

GabrielWhite,whoheadedtheinteractivedesignteam.Theiconbasedinterfacealso

requiredthought.Notallcellphonecompaniesbelievethatadesignfbrnonliterateusers

shouldstartfromscratch.Nokia'sbehavioralresearchersnoticedthat"newbies"relyon

friendsandrelativestohelpthemwithbasicfunctions.Ratherthanconfrontingthe

challengeofacompletelynewinterface,Nokiachosetoprovidesomeaudiomenusinits

popular1100modelandapreviewmodesothatpeoplecouldtryoutfunctionswithout

theriskofchanginganythingimportant.Mobilephonesmayevenbecometoolsfor

literacy,predictsBJFogg,whostudiescomputer-humaninteractionatStanford

University.Phonesmightteachthealphabetortellastoryasusersreadalong."Imagine

ifiteventuallycouldunderstandyourweakpointsanddrillyouonthose,"Fogg

proposes.Andsoonenough,hedeclares,designsorilliterateuserswillleadtomore

straightforward,elegantphonesforeveryone.

1Thedifferencebetweenmoderncellphonesandoldphonesliesinthat

A^itrequiresmoreintelligenceandeducationtousemodemcellphones.

B>ittakesmoreweekstogetfamiliarwithmodemcellphones.

C、modemcellphonesaremorecomplicatedwithmanyfunctions.

D、modemcellphonesaremoremysterioustoolsforpeople.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：事實細節題。答案在第一段鋪該段主要就是介紹了過去的老式電話和

現代手機使用方式上的不同，突出了現代手機紛繁復雜的功能及其對用戶造成的困

擾，故選C項。

2、Thesalesofmobilephonestopoorruralareasmaybeimpossibleprobablybecause

mostpotentialbuyers

A、havedifficultywithmenusofmultiplepurposes.

cannotacceptnewconceptsofmobilephones.

C、onlyreadmenusandpushbuttonsofsimpleelectronics.

D、donotlikethemarketingstrategyof"plugandplay".

標準答案：A

知識點解析：事實細節題，考查因果細節及轉折細節。根據poorruralareas定位到

第二段，段中But信號詞提示新信息出現的地方，這段內容提到一些營銷策略在貧

困的農村地區行不通，因為那里的大多數潛在買家沒有接觸過復雜的電子產品，也

就無法理解復雜菜單和按鈕操作，故選A項。

3、TheresearchesheldhyMotorolashowedthatthetextuallyilliteratevillagers

A、werewillingtouseo'dmachineswithlittlefunctions.

B、hadtotakesomelessonstolearnthenewfunctions.

C^couldrememberthemajorfunctionofeachbutton.

D、wouldavoidreadingthehierarchymenusofthemachine.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據Motorola定位到第三段。文中提到不識字的鄉下

人在遇到使用復雜電器的情況時，往往按部就班記下操作流程而不看具體操作流

程，故選D項。

4、Theslangtermof"newbies"(Line2,Paragraph5)niostprobablymeans

A、newstudents.

B、newcomers.

C、newborns.

D^newwebs.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：詞義推斷題。原文該處提到是在親人朋友的幫助下學會基本操作，由

此可推斷newbies有“新手”之義，B項正確。

5、Foggbelievesihatlliefuturemobilephonescouldnot

A^teachilliteratestolearnalphabets.

B、understandtheuser'sideasandpoints.

C、helpusersexercisetheirlanguages.

D^becomemoredirectandelegant.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：觀點態度題。B項中談到手機能了解人的想法，而文中提到的則是手

機能了解人的閱讀弱點，顯然B項張冠李戴了。

Themoneyisthere.Sowhyisitnotbeingspent?Thatisthebigpuzzleabouttherich

world'seffortstoimprovehealthinpoorcountries.InJunetheleadersoftheG8

promisedupto$8billiontotheGlobalFundtoFightAIDS,TuberculosisandMalaria,

anumbrellagroupcoordinatinghealthaid.TheGlobalFundcloseditslatestroundof

fundingapplicationsthisweekbutmuchofthemoneycommittedremainsunused.

Officialsatthefundinsistthatallisfine:disbursementsalwayslagcommitmentsand

moneycanbereleasedonlyifitwillbespenteffectively.ButexpertssuchasJoseph

DwyerofManagementSciencesforHealthsaythatthepitifulstateofpoorcountries*

healthservicesisthemainreasonforthegapbetweenwhatispromisedandwhatis

spent.JulianSchweitzeroftheWorldBanksaysthatphysicalandhumanshortagesin

localhealthservicesrepresent"ahugebottlenecktoaid”.Nowtheaideffortsmaybe

makingthingsworse.JordanKassalowoftheScojoFoundation,anAmericancharity,

observesthatrichsingle-issueoutfitstendtodivertthebestmedicaltalenttotrendy

causesandawayfrombasicmedicineagainstdiarrhoeaandrespiratoryinfections一the

chiefkillersofchildren.LaurieGarrettoftheCouncilonForeignRelationshasa

differentworry:thoseanti-corruptioneffortshavepusheddonorsintoanobsessionwith

oftenmeaninglessshort-termtargets.Iheresultisanever-endingstreamofdocuments

andmeetings.Asharpfbcusonprocessandtargetsordainedfromonhighmakesit

hardertobeflexibleandinnovativeortotakeadvantageofenterprisinglocals.Inpoor

countries,lamentsMsGarrett,"wealmostspitontheprivatesector."Butitistheprivate

sectorthatmayofferthemostpracticalchanceofprogress.Fedupwiththecostsofan

unhealthyworkforce,manybiglocalandmultinationalfirmsinAfricaandAsiaarenow

offeringtheirowninnovativehealthschemes.Thesestartedassimpleanti-AIDSefforts

atminingfirmssuchasAngloAmerican.Nowtheyhavespread.HSBC,aLondon-based

internationalbank,recentlystartedaschemetoimproveitssuppliers'andcustomers*

health.Intraining,too,private-sectorandvoluntaryeffortsmayworkbetterthanofficial

programmes.TheInternationalCentreforEqualHealthcareAccesshastrainedthousands

oflocalhealth-careworkersinSouth-EastAsia.Kenya'sHealthStoreFoundationhas

helpednursesandcommunityhealthworkerssetupdozensoffor-profitclinicsthatreach

patientsgovernmentclinicsdon't.Suchideasmayyettransformtheworldsmost

dilapidatedhealthsystemsintobetterandmorefar-reachingones——ifonlythecurrent

waveoftop-downspendingdoesnotdrownthemout.

6、Accordingtosomeexperts,GlobalFunddelaysthedisbursementsbecause

ANthereremainsahugegapbetweenwhatispromisedandwhatisspent.

B、the$8billioncan'tbereleaseduntilitwillbespenteffectively.

C^thesituationofhealth-careinpoorcountriespresentsatoughbarrier.

D、thephysicalconditionoflocalpeopleimposesabottlenecktoaid.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：事實細節題，考查因果細節。根據GlobalFund定位到第一段。題干

中because是因果標志性詞匯，解題關鍵是找到相應詞匯mainreason,該句提到：

“窮國糟糕的醫療衛生狀況是導致承諾援助金額與實際撥款金額之間巨大差距的主

要原因”，故選C項。

7、JordanKassalowbelievesthattheaideffortsfailto

A、directthemedicaltalentstomosturgentcausesinneededplaces.

B、providetop-classmedicalpersonnelwithcomprehensive-issueoutfits.

C、dispatchelitemedica'expertsforchildrentopoorcountries.

D、divertmedicaltalentstochiefkillersofchildrenawayfromtrendycauses.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據JordanKassalow定位到第二段。這一句中的divert

thebestmedical...結構表明“醫療援助使得最優秀的醫療人才遠離了基礎醫

療”，故選A項。

8、Donorsfromenterprisinglocalsoften

A^willinglydevotethemselvestosignificantshort-termtargets.

B、activelyrespondtothetasksassignedfromonhigh.

C、helplesslyfindthemselvesstuckindocumentsandmeetings.

D、bitterlymeettheobjectionfromungratefullocalpeople.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：事實細節題。根據enterprising“有進取心”一詞定位到第三段。題干問

的是有進取心的慈善家經常怎樣。文中講到他們不斷被毫無意義的短期目標所糾

纏，并受困于沒完沒了的文件和會議，因此選C項。

9、ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph4thatinAfricaandAsia

A、theprivatesectoristhelaststrawforhealthservices.

B、thephysicalconditionofworkforceisratherweak.

C、someminersmighthavebeeninfectedwithAIDS.

D、HSBCattractscustomerswithinnovativehealthschemes.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：推理判斷題。答案在第四段。迅速瀏覽選項確定需要通過AIDS,

HSBC等詞進行更精確的定位。文中提到“英美礦業公司等采礦企業設立的防治艾

滋病的簡單項目”，結合上文提到的不健康的勞動力可推斷C項正確。

10>Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthattheauthorbelieves

A、trainingconvertsclinicsintofar-reachinghealthsystems.

B、private-sectorandvoluntaryeffortscanreplaceofficialprograms.

C、health-careworkerstreatpatientsmuchbetter.

D、trainingprogramswelldeservepromptfinancialsupport

標準答案：D

知識點解析：觀點態度題。答案在最后一段。作者重點強調了私人醫療機構和醫療

志愿者所具備的優勢和所能帶來的益處。再結合整篇文章提到的慈善基金撥款的困

擾和出現的問題。可以綜合判斷出D項正確。

JusteastofdowntownIrvine,insouthernCalifornia,apastorallandscapeisunder

construction.Littlebylittle,aformermilitaryairportisbeingdismantled,tobereplaced

bygrass,treesandacanyon70feet(21meters)deep.Whenitisfinished,OrangeCounty's

GreatParkwillcover1,350acres(550hectares),morethanone-and-a-halftimesasmuch

asCentralParkinNewYork.Thebiggestlandscapedmunicipalparktobebuiltinmore

thanacentury,itrevealsmuchabouthowAmericanattitudestoopenspacehave

changed.Urbanparksarebackinfashion.NewYorkplanstobuildahugeparkontopof

theFreshKillslandfillinStatenIsland.Innumerabletownsquaresandpocketparkshave

beencreatedorbeautified,eveninplaceslikeDetroit.Cityplanners,whoonceviewed

parksasfinancialdrainsandnestsofcrime,nowseethemasmagnetsfortouristsand

creativetypes.Thegreatparksthatwerebuiltinthesecondhalfofthe19thcenturywere

intendedtocounteracttheilleffectsofcityliving,andsoarethenewones.Butthe

perceivedillshavechanged.FrederickOlmsted,whodesignedCentralParkandmany

others,wantedtoprovidepeoplewithabreakfromtheirtough,dirtyjobs.KenSmith,the

GreatPark'sarchitect,reckonstheresidentsofOrangeCountyarequiteidleenough.

Whattheyneedisexercise:hcnccthepark'sproposed21footballfieldsand12baseball

fields,togetherwithsomeexhausting-lookingwalks.Anotherdifferenceisthatparksare

nowexpectedtofunctionlikenaturalecosystemsaswellaslookinglikethem.TheGreat

Parkwilluserecycledwaterinitslake(olderparksoftenusedmainswater).Therunways

willbedismantledandturnedintoroadsandamemorial.Inanodtothelocal-food

movement,theparkwillincludelandforfanning.Eventhecarparkwillbesituatedinan

orangeorchard.Moststrikingofallisthenewparks'deferencetohistory.America's

great19th-centurylandscapearchitectssawthelandasablankslate.Anentirevillage

waspulleddowntobuildCentralPark.Bycontrast,Denver'sparkpreservesacontrol

tower,andtheGreatParkwillconvertanair-dockintoamuseumandretaintheoutline

ofarunway.Ariverdivertedundergroundbythemarineswillberestoredtoitsformer

course.Thepreservationlobbyisstrongerthesedays.Andbesides,saysYehudiGaffen,

apartnerintheGreatParkproject,"SouthernCaliforniahassolittlehistorythatwe

shouldtrytokeepsomeofit."

11、WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofOrangeCounty'sGreatPark?

A、ItwasformerlyamilitaryairportnearsouthernCalifornia.

B、It'sonc-and-a-halftimesbiggerthantheCentralParkinNewYork.

C、ItshowsAmericanattitudestowardsnaturehavechangedalot.

D^Itislikelytobecomethelargestlandscapedmunicipalpark.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：事實細節題。根據OrangeCounty*GreatPark定位到第一段。D項與

原文Thebiggestlandscapednnmicipalparktobebuilt相符，故正確。

12、Accordingtothetext,urbanparksarcbackinfashionbecause

A、parksonthesiteofotherdisusedplacesarebeingbuilt.

B、cityplannershavechangedtheirattitudestowardsurbanparks.

C>morehugeparksareplannedtobecreatedinsomecities.

D、oldparksarebeautifiedinordertoattracttourists.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：因果細節題c根據urbanparks和backinfashion定位到第二段。其中

講到cityplanners曾經認為公園是“財政負擔及犯罪的溫床”，但現在又把其看作“吸

引游客、富有創造力的場所“，可見其態度的改變導致了城市公園的再度流行。B

項與之相符。

13、AccordingtoParagraph3,GreatParkinOrangeCountywasdesignedto

A、provideexhaustedpeoplewithrelaxationandhappiness.

B、offsettheimpactofthetoughanddirtyjobstheykeep.

C^giveresidentstheplaceofdoingexercise.

D、attractmoretouristsandpromotethelivingstandards.

標準答案：C'

知識點解析：判斷推理題。根據題干定位到文章第三段。其中講到GreatPark的設

計師KenSmith認為奧倫奇縣的居民已夠悠閑了，他們需要的是運動，因此C項正

確。

14、TheorangeorchardismentionedinordertotellthattheGreatParkislikelyto

A、beequippedwithlargecarparkingareas.

B、maintaintheoriginalstructureoftheoldairport.

C、taketheappearanceandfunctionofanaturalecosystem.

D、dealwithanyproblemofpollution.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：例證細節題。根據orangeorchard和GreatPark定位到第四段。該段

首句即指出“現在人們期望公園看起來像自然生態系統，并起到自然生態系統的作

用“，接下來則給出幾個相關例子，C項符合文意。

15、Theword"deference"(LineI,Paragraph5)mostprobablymeans

A、respect.

reference.

C>connection.

D、restoration.

標準答案:A

知識點解析：詞義理解題。答案在第五段。可以發現deference所在的第一句為整

段總起句，從之后的“將飛機修理棚改成博物館；俁留跑道的輪廓；河流恢復原來

的流向''等信息可以發現這是對歷史的延續和尊重，故選A項。

Summerwas,forawhile,achild'stime,conferringaninviolaterighttolaziness.Itwasa

formofeducationthathadnothingtodowithadultpriorities,providingentireafternoons

towatchexactlyhowmanyantswoulddashoutofonehillandwhattheywouldbring

back.Theholinessofthatkindofsummerwasfirstdiminishedbynecessity,when

overcrowdedclassroomsbroughtustheyear-roundschoolcalendar.Next,thebattle

againstsocialpromotionforcedmanyanindifferentstudentintosummerschool—while

thehard-chargingstudentswillinglypackedintosummerschoolaswell,togetalegup

onthecomingyear.Then,asthoughtheworldofachievementhadsomesortof

legitimateclaimonsummer,evenschoolsthatmaintainedtheold-fashionedschedule

beganreachingtheirtentaclesintosummer.Someschooldistrictsstartthetraditional

schoolyearinAugust,thebettertosqueezeinacoupleofmoreweeksofinstruction

beforetheall-importantstatestandardizedtestsgiveninspring.Worse,whatusedtobe

recommendedsummerreadinglistsarenowbecomingcompulsoryassignments.And

woetotheambitiousstudentwho'ssignedupforAdvancedPlacementclasses,andthusa

suminer-loadofnotetakingandhomework.It'snotjusttheschools.Asasociety,we

growitchyatthesightofsomeone-evenakid-accomplishingnothingmorethanfun.

Thusparentshavebecomesuckersforanythingthatlendsaconstructiveairtosummer.

Summercampsusedtoexistforthepurposeofmarshmallowroastsandputtingfrogsin

yourbunkmates'beds.Thosestillexist,buttheycompetemightilywiththenewcamps—

theonesforimprovingachild'swritingstyle,buildingmathskills,honingsoccer

stardom,learningaforeignlanguage,buildingdancetalentsorfinessingskillsplayinga

musicalinstrument.Evenmanycollegesanduniversities,suchasJohnsHopkins,have

climbedonboard,mailingoutsilkybrochuresabouttheirexpensivesummerprograms

forsupposedlygifted,oratleastfinanciallygifted,students.Noneofthisactivityis

required,ofcourse.Unluckily,othersocietalchangesalsohavepushedbackatsummer.

Childrencan'tgettogetherapickupgameofkickballwhentheirstreetsaretheturfof

gangs.Andwithoutashoveoutthedoor,today'syoungstersaremorelikelytospenda

dayclickingawayatvideogamesthanswinginginahammock.Still,itisadecision,

howeverunconsciouslymade,toviewsummertimeasacommoditytobeprudently

invested,ratherthanasagifttobelavishlyspent.Thereisonlyonesortofskillweare

afraidtonurtureinourkids—theabilitytodonothingmoreconstructivethanmakea

bladeofcrabgrass,pressedbetweenourthumbsandblown,blastareedynoteintothe

summerair.

16、Fromthefirstparagraph,welearnthat

A^summerwasalwaysagreattimeforlazinessandfreedom.

B、summertimewasgraduallycrammedwithvariouscourses.

C^summereducationwasespeciallyimportantforA-liststudents.

D^summerclasswasprovedtobemorehelpfultodisadvantagedstudents.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：細節推斷題。根據第一段最后兩句話可知暑假成了課堂教育的延伸，

無論優秀與否，學生都回到課堂上課，因此B項正確。

17、Schoolsconsideredusingsummertimemostprobablybecausethey

A、wantedtohelpstudentstomakefulluseoftheschoolcalendar.

B、disbelievedthattheirstudentswouldactivelydosummerhomework.

C、wouldliketoencouragemorestudentstotakeAdvancedPlacementtests.

D、thoughtachievementshadsomethingtodowitheffortsinsummertime.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：因果細節題。根據出題順序性原則定位到第二段。由該段第一、二句

話可知學校認為在這個以成就衡量一切的世界，暑期教育似乎是合情合理的，因此

D項正確。

18、Theword"ilchy"（Line1,Paragraph3）denotes

A^comfortless.

B、eager.

C、critical.

D、impulsive.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：詞義理解題。根據第三段第二旬中的accomplishingnoihing可推斷

we對于someone持否定態度。

19、Intheauthor'seye,newcampscanbebestcharacterizedas

A、artistic.

exciting.

C、practical.

D、comforting.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：細節推斷題。根據newcamps定位到第三段中間部分，文章對新型夏

令營的作用進行了舉例說明，這些例子都是關于一些實用技能、本領的提高，可知

新型夏令營具有“實用，實際''的特征，因此C項正確。

20、Fromthetextwecanconcludethattheauthorconsidersthatsummertimeshouldbe

A、asatisfyinginvestment.

B、apreciouspresent.

C、aremarkableexperience.

D、awell-plannedjourney.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可推斷出作者對于暑假轉變為課堂持惋惜甚至

否定的態度，結合最后一段第一句話中作者對全文的總結“人們在不經意中已經將

暑假定義為一個需要謹慎投資的商品，而不再是一個供孩子們肆意揮霍的禮物

可得出答案應為B項。

二、閱讀（補全短文）（本題共5題，每題7.0分，共

5分。）

[A]Theseissuescutrightacrosstraditionalreligiousdogma.Manypeopleclingtothe

beliefthattheoriginofliterequiredauniquedivineact.ButiflifeonEarthisnotunique,

thecaseforamiraculousoriginwouldbeundermined.Thediscoveryofevenahumble

bacteriumonMars,ifitcouldbeshowntohavearisenindependentlyfromEarthlife

wouldsupporttheviewthatlifeemergesnaturally.|B|Contrarytopopularbelief,

speculationthatwearenotaloneintheuniverseisasoldasphilosophyitself.The

essentialstepsinthereasoningwerebasedontheatomictheoryoftheancientGreek

philosopherDemocritus.First,thelawsofnatureareuniversal.Second,thereisnothing

specialorprivilegedaboutEarth.Finally,ifsomethingispossible,naturetendstomakeit

happen.Philosophyisonething,fillinginthephysicaldetailsisanother.Although

astronomersincreasinglysuspectthatbio-friendlyplanetsmaybeabundantinthe

universe,thechemicalstepsleadingtoliferemainlargelymysterious.|C]Thereis,

however,acontraryview-onethatisgainingstrengthanddirectlychallengesorthodox

biology.Itisthatcomplexitycanemergespontaneouslythroughaprocessofself-

organization.Ifmatterandenergyhaveaninbuilttendencytoamplifyandchannel

organizedcomplexity,theoddsagainsttheformationoflifeandthesubsequentevolution

ofintelligencecouldbedrasticallyshortened.Therelevanceofself-organizationto

biologyremainshotlydebated.Itsuggests,however,thatalthoughtheuniverseasa

wholemaybedying,anopposite,progressivetrendmayalsoexistasafundamental

propertyofnature.Theemergenceofextraterrestriallife,particularlyintelligentlife,isa

keytestfortheserivalparadigms[D]Similarreasoningappliestoevolution.According

totheorthodoxview,Darwinianselectionisutterlyblind.Anyimpressionthatthe

transitionfrommicrobesiomanrepresentsprogressispurechauvinismofourpart.The

pathofevolutionismerelyarandomwalkthroughtherealmofpossibilities.Ifthisis

right,therecanbenodirectionality,noinnatedriveforward;inparticular,nopush

towardconsciousnessandintelligence.ShouldEarthbestruckbyanasteroid,destroying

allhigherlife-forms,intelligentbeings,stilllesshumanoids,wouldalmostcertainlynot

arisenexttimearound.|E]Traditionally,biologistsbelievedthatlifeisafreak—the

resultofazillion-to-oneaccidentalconcatenationofmolecules.Itfollowsthatthe

likelihoodofitshappeningagainelsewhereinthecosmosisinfinitesimal.Thisviewpoint

derivesfromthesecondlawofthermodynamics,whichpredictsthattheuniverseis

dying-slowlyandinexorablydegeneratingtowardastateoftotalchaos.Lifestumbles

acrossthistrendonlybecauseitisapurestatisticalluck.[F]Historically,theRoman

Catholicchurchregardedanydiscussionofalienlifeasheresy.Speculatingaboutother

inhabitedworldswasonereasonphilosopherGiordanoBrunowasburnedatthestakein

1600.Beliefthatmankindhasaspecialrelationshipwi:hGodiscentraltothe

monotheisticreligions.Theexistenceofalienbeings,especiallyiftheywerefurther

advancedthanhumansin:ellectuallyandspiritually,woulddisruptthiscozyview.[G]

Thediscoveryoflifebeyondearthwouldtransformnotonlyoursciencebutalsoour

religions,ourbeliefsystemsandourentireworldview.Forinasense,thesearchfor

extraterrestriallifeisreallyasearchfbrourselves—whowcarcandwhatourplaceisin

thegrandsweepofthecosmos.

Order：

向42”卜包[1句卜|24I卜叵|開弓

21、[Cl]

標準答案：B

知識點解析：所給出的選項[C]為第一自然段，談到了人類對于地球之外生命的探

索，在其他的幾個選項中，|B]的話題為“哲學對于其他生命狀態的探索”，第一個

句了中的wearenotalone緊密地承接了[G]的內容。

22、[C2]

標準答案：E

知識點解析：根據IB］中最后一句“學者仍然不了解生命起源的化學變化步驟”，我

們來找與此相銜接的內容，［E］中第一個句子中的biologists和molecules承接了［B］

中最后一句的內容，即chemicalsteps。［E］的話題為“生物學對于其他生命狀態的闡

釋”。與上一個段落構成了對比與比較關系，即“哲學與生物學對于外層生命狀態的

觀點

23、［C3］

標準答案：D

知識點解析：本語段的話題為“進化”，第一個句子Similarreasoning叩pliesto

evolution.承接了出J的內容。再者，本段與上一個段落構成了“比較”關系，段首的

similarreasoning為邏輯連接表達。

24、［C4］

標準答案：C

知識點解析：|D］談到了有關進化的觀點，在余下的選項［A］和［C|中，［C］的話題為

“生物學上對進化的相反觀點”，與［D］構成了對比關系，段首的however為邏輯連

接表達，開頭部分的view和self-organization承接了上一段的內容。

25、［C5］

標準答案：A

知識點解析：現在只剩下［A］,其話題為“問題的爭議”，其第一個句子承接了［D］中

最后一句的內容，issues（爭議）與rivalparadigms（爭議）構成了銜接性的照應。同

時，［A］與［D］構成了總結關系，而且從最后一個段落來看，也符合上下文的一致性

和連貫性。

三、閱讀9翻譯句子）（本題共5題，每題L0分，共5

分。）

LiedetectorsarewidelyusedintheUnitedStatestofindoutwhetherapersonistelling

thetruthornot.［Fl］PolygraphersJhepeoplewhooperateihem,claimthattheycan

establishguiltbydetecting