2025年護士執業資格考試題庫（外科護理學專項）外科護理專業英語試題考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、單項選擇題要求：從下列各題的四個備選答案中，選擇一個最佳答案。1.Apatientisadmittedtothehospitalwithadiagnosisofappendicitis.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueregardingtheinitialnursingcareforthispatient?A.ThepatientshouldbeplacedinaTrendelenburgposition.B.Thepatientshouldbeplacedinasemi-Fowlerposition.C.Thepatientshouldbeplacedinalateralposition.D.Thepatientshouldbeplacedinasupineposition.2.Apatientisexperiencingseverepainintherightlowerquadrant.Whichofthefollowinglaboratoryfindingsismostindicativeofappendicitis?A.ElevatedwhitebloodcellcountB.ElevatedplateletcountC.ElevatedliverfunctiontestsD.Elevatedcreatininelevel3.Apatientwithappendicitisisexperiencingreboundtenderness.Whichofthefollowingnursinginterventionsismostappropriate?A.AdministeringacetaminophenB.AdministeringibuprofenC.ApplyingawarmcompresstotheabdomenD.Applyingacoldcompresstotheabdomen4.Apatientwithappendicitisisscheduledforappendectomy.Whichofthefollowingpreoperativeinstructionsismostimportant?A.Thepatientshouldnoteatordrinkanythingaftermidnight.B.Thepatientshouldtakeallprescribedmedicationsonthemorningofsurgery.C.Thepatientshouldshowerwithantibacterialsoapthenightbeforesurgery.D.Thepatientshouldwearloose-fittingclothingonthedayofsurgery.5.Apatientwhohasundergoneappendectomyisexperiencingfeverandchills.Whichofthefollowingnursinginterventionsismostappropriate?A.AdministeringacetaminophenB.AdministeringibuprofenC.ApplyingawarmcompresstotheabdomenD.Applyingacoldcompresstotheabdomen6.Apatientwithappendicitisisexperiencingileus.Whichofthefollowingnursinginterventionsismostappropriate?A.AdministeringanenemaB.AdministeringalaxativeC.PerformingarectalexaminationD.Providingahigh-fiberdiet7.Apatientwithappendicitisisexperiencingperitonitis.Whichofthefollowingnursinginterventionsismostappropriate?A.AdministeringacetaminophenB.AdministeringibuprofenC.ApplyingawarmcompresstotheabdomenD.Applyingacoldcompresstotheabdomen8.Apatientwithappendicitisisexperiencingamassintherightlowerquadrant.Whichofthefollowingnursinginterventionsismostappropriate?A.AdministeringacetaminophenB.AdministeringibuprofenC.ApplyingawarmcompresstotheabdomenD.Applyingacoldcompresstotheabdomen9.Apatientwithappendicitisisexperiencingnauseaandvomiting.Whichofthefollowingnursinginterventionsismostappropriate?A.AdministeringanenemaB.AdministeringalaxativeC.PerformingarectalexaminationD.Providingahigh-fiberdiet10.Apatientwithappendicitisisexperiencingileus.Whichofthefollowingnursinginterventionsismostappropriate?A.AdministeringanenemaB.AdministeringalaxativeC.PerformingarectalexaminationD.Providingahigh-fiberdiet二、多項選擇題要求：從下列各題的五個備選答案中，選擇兩個或兩個以上最佳答案。1.Whichofthefollowingarecommonsignsandsymptomsofappendicitis?A.NauseaandvomitingB.FeverC.AbdominalpainD.DiarrheaE.Constipation2.Whichofthefollowingareriskfactorsforappendicitis?A.ConstipationB.PreviousappendectomyC.FamilyhistoryofappendicitisD.Crohn'sdiseaseE.Traveling3.Whichofthefollowingareindicationsforappendectomy?A.PerforatedappendixB.AppendicitiswithsignsofperitonitisC.AppendicitiswithsignsofileusD.AppendicitiswithsignsofabscessformationE.Appendicitiswithsignsofappendicolitis4.Whichofthefollowingarepotentialcomplicationsofappendicitis?A.PerforationB.AbscessformationC.AppendicolitisD.IleusE.Sepsis5.Whichofthefollowingarenursinginterventionsforapatientwithappendicitis?A.AdministeringacetaminophenB.AdministeringibuprofenC.ApplyingawarmcompresstotheabdomenD.ApplyingacoldcompresstotheabdomenE.Providingahigh-fiberdiet三、簡答題要求：簡要回答下列問題。1.請簡述急性闌尾炎的病因和病理生理過程。2.請簡述急性闌尾炎的臨床表現和診斷要點。3.請簡述急性闌尾炎的護理措施。四、論述題要求：請結合臨床實際，論述急性闌尾炎患者的術前準備和術后護理。五、案例分析題要求：閱讀以下病例，回答相關問題。病例：患者，男性，25歲，因“右下腹痛3天，加重伴惡心、嘔吐1天”入院。查體：右下腹壓痛，反跳痛，肌緊張，體溫38.5℃。實驗室檢查：白細胞計數15.0×10^9/L。診斷為急性闌尾炎。問題：1.該患者的診斷依據有哪些？2.該患者應采取哪些治療措施？3.術前護理措施包括哪些？4.術后護理措施包括哪些？六、問答題要求：請簡述急性闌尾炎患者的健康教育內容。本次試卷答案如下：一、單項選擇題1.B.Thepatientshouldbeplacedinasemi-Fowlerposition.解析：急性闌尾炎患者在初始階段應采取半坐位（半Fowler位），以減輕腹部壓力，減少疼痛。2.A.Elevatedwhitebloodcellcount解析：急性闌尾炎患者的白細胞計數通常會升高，這是身體對炎癥反應的典型表現。3.D.Applyingacoldcompresstotheabdomen解析：冷敷可以減輕腹部疼痛和炎癥，有助于緩解患者的癥狀。4.A.Thepatientshouldnoteatordrinkanythingaftermidnight.解析：術前禁食禁飲是預防麻醉后誤吸的重要措施，通常要求患者術前12小時禁食，術前4小時禁飲。5.A.Administeringacetaminophen解析：在術后初期，患者可能會出現疼痛，此時可給予對乙酰氨基酚（撲熱息痛）以緩解疼痛。6.A.Administeringanenema解析：闌尾炎患者可能伴隨有便秘，灌腸可以幫助軟化大便，緩解便秘。7.B.Administeringibuprofen解析：在出現發熱和寒戰時，可給予非甾體抗炎藥（NSAIDs）如布洛芬來緩解癥狀。8.C.Applyingawarmcompresstotheabdomen解析：熱敷可以促進血液循環，有助于緩解腹部疼痛和炎癥。9.A.Administeringanenema解析：闌尾炎患者可能伴隨有便秘，灌腸可以幫助軟化大便，緩解便秘。10.B.Administeringalaxative解析：使用緩瀉藥可以幫助緩解便秘，促進腸道功能恢復。二、多項選擇題1.A.NauseaandvomitingB.FeverC.Abdominalpain解析：這些是急性闌尾炎的典型癥狀。2.B.PreviousappendectomyC.FamilyhistoryofappendicitisD.Crohn'sdisease解析：既往闌尾切除史、家族史、克羅恩病等都是闌尾炎的風險因素。3.A.PerforatedappendixB.AppendicitiswithsignsofperitonitisC.AppendicitiswithsignsofileusD.AppendicitiswithsignsofabscessformationE.Appendicitiswithsignsofappendicolitis解析：這些情況都表明闌尾炎需要手術治療。4.A.PerforationB.AbscessformationC.AppendicolitisD.IleusE.Sepsis解析：這些都是急性闌尾炎可能出現的并發癥。5.A.