閱讀理解之說明文15篇(天津中考真題+中考模擬)天津中考真題練（2024·天津·中考真題）Salthasalwaysbeenimportanttopeople.Inthepast,itwasasvaluableasgold.Overtheyears,peoplediscovereddifferentwaystogetsalt.Someearlypeoplegotsaltfromrocks.Inotherplaces,peoplegotsaltfromthesea.Theytookseawaterandputitinthesun.Afteralongtime,thewaterdriedup(耗盡).Thenpeoplecouldgetsalt.Today,peoplestillgetsaltfromthesea.Butmostsaltcomesfromsaltmines(礦)andsaltwells(井).Howdopeoplegetsaltfromsaltmines?Theydigdeepintothegroundforit.Togetsaltfromsaltwells,peopleputtwopipes(管子)intotheground.Waterissentdownthroughoneofthepipes.Andthewaterismixedwiththesaltinsaltwells.Itmakessaltwater.Thenthesaltwaterispushedupthroughtheotherpipe.Later,thesaltistakenoutofthesaltwater.Peopleonceworkedhardtofindandmakesalt.Now,peoplecanbuyitatanyfoodstore.1．Someearlypeoplegotsaltfrom________.A．flowers B．fruits C．trees D．rocks2．Whydidpeopleputseawaterinthesun?A．Togetsalt. B．Tocatchfish.C．Towashclothes. D．Towatercrops.3．Howdopeoplegetsaltfromsaltmines?A．Bymixingsandwithgold. B．Bydiggingdeepintotheground.C．Byputtingoilonrocks. D．Bythrowingstonesintothesea.4．Whatistherightorderofgettingsaltfromsaltwells?a.Thesaltistakenoutofthesaltwater.b.Waterissentdownthroughoneofthepipes.c.Thesaltwaterispushedupthroughtheotherpipe.A．a-b-c B．b-c-a C．c-b-a D．b-a-c5．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．whodiscoveredsalt B．whenwemadesaltC．wheresaltcomesfrom D．howmuchsaltweneed【答案】1．D2．A3．B4．B5．C【導語】本文主要介紹了鹽從哪里來的。1．細節理解題。根據“Someearlypeoplegotsaltfromrocks.”可知，一些早期的人從巖石中得到鹽。故選D。2．細節理解題。根據“Theytookseawaterandputitinthesun.Afteralongtime,thewaterdriedup(耗盡).Thenpeoplecouldgetsalt”可知，是為了得到鹽，故選A。3．細節理解題。根據“Theydigdeepintothegroundforit.Togetsaltfromsaltwells,peopleputtwopipes(管子)intotheground.”可知，人們通過深挖地下來從鹽礦中獲取鹽。故選B。4．細節理解題。根據“Waterissentdownthroughoneofthepipes.Andthewaterismixedwiththesaltinsaltwells.Itmakessaltwater.Thenthesaltwaterispushedupthroughtheotherpipe.Later,thesaltistakenoutofthesaltwater.”水通過其中一根管子往下輸送。在鹽井里，水和鹽混合。它產生鹽水。然后鹽水通過另一根管子被推上來。然后，把鹽從鹽水中取出。由此可知，正確的順序是：水通過其中一根管子往下輸送→鹽水從另一根管子被推上來→從鹽水中取出鹽。故選B。5．主旨大意題。根據“Overtheyears,peoplediscovereddifferentwaystogetsalt”，“Today,peoplestillgetsaltfromthesea”以及全文可知，本文主要介紹了鹽從哪里來的。故選C。天津中考模擬真題練（2025·天津河西·模擬預測）Thereisagreatneedtosearchforcleanandrenewableenergytomeetourneeds.Itseemsthatwindenergyisagoodchoice.Doyouknowanythingaboutwindenergy?Thefirstadvantageofwindenergyisthatittrulyisarenewableresource(資源).Nomatterhowmuchwindweusetoproduceelectricity,wewillneverreducethesupply(供應)ofwind.Thisisitsgreatestadvantagecomparedwithnon-renewableresourceslikecoaloroil.Second,windenergyisacleansourceofenergy,whichmeansitproducesenvironment-friendlyelectricity.What’smore,thelargetowers,whichprovidethebase(基座)forthewindturbines(渦輪機),don’ttakeuplotsofspace.Theycansharelandwithfarms.However,eachcoinhastwosides.Thatistosaywindenergydoeshavesomedisadvantages.Winddoesnotprovidesupplyofenergywithoutstopping.Eventhewindiestplacesonearthhaveperiodsofcalm.Ifthereisn’tastrongwind,windturbinesarenotabletoproduceelectricity.Thelargeblades(葉片)ofwindturbinescanbeverydangerousforbirdsandbats(蝙蝠).Theturbinescausenoisepollution.Itcanalsobebadtopeoplelivingaround.Althoughwindenergyhasdisadvantages,itsadvantagesshouldn’tbeforgotten.1．Peoplesearchfor________tomeettheirneedsaccordingtothepassage.A．electricity B．coalandoil C．non-renewableenergy D．cleanandrenewableenergy2．Howmanyadvantagesofwindenergyaretalkedaboutinthepassage?A．One B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”refertoinParagraph2?A．Windturbines B．Thelargetowers C．Energyresources D．Renewableresources4．What’sthemainideaofParagraph3?A．Windenergyalsohassomedisadvantages. B．Windcan’tprovideenergywithoutstopping.C．Thebladesofwindturbinescanbeverydangerous. D．Theturbinescausenoisepollutionwhileworking.5．Accordingtothepassage,weknowthat________.A．windenergyisanon-renewableresource B．thegreatestadvantageofwindenergyisrenewableC．thewindiestareasneverhaveperiodsofclam D．windturbinescan’tbedangerousforbirdsandbats【答案】1．D2．C3．B4．A5．B【導語】本文主要介紹風能發電的優勢和劣勢。1．細節理解題。根據“Thereisagreatneedtosearchforcleanandrenewableenergytomeetourneeds.”可知，人們在搜索干凈的和可再生的能源來滿足他們的需求。故選D。2．細節理解題。根據“Thefirstadvantageofwindenergyisthatittrulyisarenewableresource.”；“Second,windenergyisacleansourceofenergy,whichmeansitproducesenvironment-friendlyelectricity.”；“What’smore,thelargetowers,whichprovidethebaseforthewindturbines(渦輪機),don’ttakeuplotsofspace.”可知一共是3個優勢。故選C。3．詞義猜測題。根據“What’smore,thelargetowers,whichprovidethebaseforthewindturbines(渦輪機),don’ttakeuplotsofspace.Theycansharelandwithfarms.”可知本句說的話題是“largetowers”，它們不占空間，可以和農業共用陸地。故“They”指的是“largetowers”。故選B。4．段落大意題。根據“However,eachcoinhastwosides.Thatistosaywindenergydoeshavesomedisadvantages.”可知本段主要講風能也有劣勢。故選A。5．細節理解題。根據“Thisisitsgreatestadvantagecomparedwithnon-renewableresourceslikecoaloroil.”可知，可再生是風能相比其他不可再生能源最大的優勢。故選B。（2025·天津濱海新·模擬預測）Formorethanamonth,theworldhasbeenveryexcitedaboutanewAImodelcalledDeepSeek-R1.Thecompanybehindit,alsocalledDeepSeek,isabusinessbasedinHangzhou,Zhejiang.ThenewAIfirstappearedonJan20th.Injustoneweek,itbeatOpenAI’sChatGPTandbecamethemostpopularfreeapplication(應用)intheAppStore.Whatissospecialaboutit?AccordingtoDeepSeek,thenewAImodelisasgoodasothertopmodelsatdifficultactivitieslikemath.Butitneedsmuchlesscomputingpower(算力)todothat.Itisalsothecheapestofitskindandtookonlyabout5.57millionUSdollars(40.58millionyuan)tomake.ThatismuchlessthanthehundredsofmillionsorevenbillionsofdollarsthatAmericancompanieshavetospendmakingsimilarAImodels,saidMarcAndreessen,atechnologyexpertintheUS.Theachievementwaslargelybecauseofanideathescientistshadwhiletheytrainedit.Insteadofusingthetraditionalways,DeepSeekmainlyusesReinforcementLearning(RL,強化學習).IthelpsAIlearnbyworkingouttherightwaytodothingsonitsowntogetpoints.ThismakesR1betteratreasoningandsolvinghardproblems.What’smore,DeepSeek-R1isopen-source(開源的).Everyonecangetacopyofitscode(代碼).Theycanalsochangethecodetomeettheirownneeds.Beingopen-sourceisveryimportantforsharingknowledge,saidLiangWenfeng,whosetupDeepSeek.1．WhatdoesParagraph2mainlysayaboutDeepSeek-R1?A．It’snew. B．It’spopular. C．It’sspecial. D．It’sfree.2．WhatisoneofthestrongpointsofDeepSeek-R1comparedtootherAImodels?A．It’scheapertodevelop. B．It’ssmarterthanothers.C．It’sbetteratdifficultactivities. D．It’squickerinsolvingproblems.3．HowdoesDeepSeek-R1learn?A．Inatraditionalway.B．Throughsolvinghardproblems.C．Byfindingtherightwaytodothingsonitsown.D．Byfollowingallkindsofordersfromitscreators.4．WhyisitimportantthatDeepSeek-R1isopen-source?A．BecauseitmakesAIsafer. B．Becauseitcreatesnewknowledge.C．BecauseitmakesAIcheaper. D．Becauseithelpstoshareknowledge.5．What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Theimportanceofopen-sourcecode.B．ThechallengesfacedbyDeepSeek-R1.C．ThedifferencesbetweenAImodels.D．TheintroductiontoDeepSeek-R1.【答案】1．B2．A3．C4．D5．D【導語】本文介紹了名為DeepSeek-R1的新AI模型，它由杭州的DeepSeek公司開發。該模型在性能上與其他頂級模型相當，但計算力需求更低，開發成本也遠低于美國同類模型。其成功在于采用了強化學習技術，且為開源，可供所有人使用和修改。1．主旨大意題。根據“Injustoneweek,itbeatOpenAI’sChatGPTandbecamethemostpopularfreeapplication(應用)intheAppStore.”可知，第二段主要介紹DeepSeek-R1非常受歡迎。故選B。2．細節理解題。根據“Itisalsothecheapestofitskindandtookonlyabout5.57millionUSdollars(40.58millionyuan)tomake.”可知，DeepSeek-R1與其他AI模型相比，它更便宜。故選A。3．細節理解題。根據“IthelpsAIlearnbyworkingouttherightwaytodothingsonitsowntogetpoints.”可知，它通過讓AI自己摸索出正確的做事方法來獲得分數，從而幫助AI學習。故選C。4．細節理解題。根據“Beingopen-sourceisveryimportantforsharingknowledge”可知，開源對于共享知識非常重要。故選D。5．主旨大意題。全文圍繞DeepSeek-R1的特點（低成本、強化學習、開源性）展開，屬于對這款AI模型的綜合介紹。故選D。（2025·天津濱海新·模擬預測）JinYing,25,inaloverofTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM).Shetookpartinthree-monthtrainingcourseonacupunctureandtuina(針灸推拿)inthewinterof2023atBeijingUniversityofChineseMedicine.Jin’slifehasbeendifferentsincethetraining.ShechangedherlifehabitsafterlearningtheFiveElementsTheory(五行學說).Forexample,sheavoidedsweating(出行)toomuchduringexerciseinwinterbecausethecoldofwintermeanspeopleshouldshowdown,accordingtoTCM.Forher,learningtheseskillsandtheorieswasnotaboutbecomingaTCMdoctorbutratheraboutembracing(欣然接受)anewslifestyle.SheisnotanunusualexampleofyoungpeoplebecominginterestedinTCM.AsurveybyChinaYouthDailyshowedthat93.3percentofthe1000youngpeoplewhotookparthadtrieddifferentTCMtreatments.“Ihaveseenarisingnumberofyoungpeoplecometomeforneckandbackpains,whichareusuallyrelatedtotheelderly,”saidMaHuifang,aTCMdoctoratGuoyitang,aTCMhospitalaffiliated(附屬)withBeijingUniversityofChineseMedicine.BetweenWesternmedicineandTCM,youngpeopleoftenchooseTCM“duetoitsefficacy(療效),”accordingtoMa.SomepeoplequestionwhyTCMtreatsthesameillnesseswithdifferentprescriptions(處方),“ThisisactuallyanadvantageofTCM,ratherthanashortcoming,asitcanbeamoreaccuratetreatment(精準的治療)fordifferentpatients,”Maexplained.YoungeragegroupsareembracingTCM,and,atthenametime,TCMisalsobenefitingyoungpeople.AsJinnoted,“IthelpsyoungpeopleunderstandChinesemedicineandlearnwhyitisbelievedtobeatreasureofourChineseculture.”1．ThetrainingJinYingtookpartinlasted________.A．threedays B．threemonths C．halfayear D．threeyears2．WhydidJinYingavoidsweatingtoomuchduringexerciseinwinter?A．Becausewintercoldmeanspeopleshouldexercisemore.B．Becausewintercoldmeanspeopleshouldexerciseless.C．Becausepeopleshouldtakearestduringcoldwinter.D．Becausepeopleshouldslowdownduringcoldwinter.3．HowmanypeopletrieddifferentTCMtreatmentsinthesurvey?A．93. B．933. C．1000. D．67.4．WhyyoungpeopleoftenchooseTCM?A．Duetoitsefficacy. B．Whichareusuallyrelatedtotheelderly.C．YoungpeopleunderstandChinesemedicine. D．Treatsthesameillnesseswithsameprescriptions(處方).5．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．ToshowthehistoryofTCM. B．ToexplaintheimportanceofTCM.C．TocompareTCMwithWesternmedicine. D．TotellusTCMwinstheheartsofyoungpeople.【答案】1．B2．D3．B4．A5．D【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中醫越來越受年輕群體的歡迎，以及介紹了中醫的神奇療效。1．細節理解題。根據“Shetookpartinthree-monthtrainingcourseonacupunctureandtuine”可知，她參加了為期三個月的針灸推拿培訓課程。故選B。2．細節理解題。根據“…sheavoidedsweatingtoomuchduringexerciseinwinterbecausethecoldofwintermeanspeopleshouldslowdown…”可知，冬季寒冷意味著人們應該放慢節奏，因此她避免在冬季運動中過度出汗。故選D。3．細節理解題。根據“…93.3percentofthe1000youngpeoplewhotookparthadtrieddifferentTCMtreatments.”可知，1000名受訪年輕人中93.3%嘗試過中醫治療，即933人。故選B。4．細節理解題。根據“...youngpeopleoftenchooseTCMduetoitsefficacy’”可知，年輕人選擇中醫是因為其療效。故選A。5．推理判斷題。根據“YoungeragegroupsareembracingTCM,and,atthenametime,TCMisalsobenefitingyoungpeople.”以及全文可知，文章主要告訴我們中醫越來越受年輕群體的歡迎。故選D。（2025·天津東麗·模擬預測）Greenisanimportantcolorinnature.Itisthecolorofgrassandtheleavesontrees.Itisthecolorofmostgrowingplants,too.Sometimes,thewordgreenmeansyoung,freshandgrowing.Sometimes,itdescribessomethingthatisnotyetfinishedorplantsthatarenotripe.Forexample,agreenhornissomeonewhohasnoexperience,whoisnewtoasituation.Inthefifteenthcentury,agreenhornwasayoungcoworoxwhosehornshadnotyetdeveloped.Acenturyorsolater,agreenhornwasasoldierwhohadnotyethadanyexperienceinwar(戰爭).Bytheeighteenthcentury,agreenhornhadthemeaningithastoday—apersonwhoisnewinajob.Aboutonehundredyearsago,greenhornwasapopularexpressionintheAmericanwest.Old-timersusedittodescribeamanwhohadjustarrivedfromoneofthebigcitiesintheeast.Thegreenhorndidn’thavetheskillsthathewouldneedtoliveinthehard,roughcountry.Someonewhohastheabilitytogrowplantswellissaidtohaveagreenthumb.Theexpressioncomesfromtheearlynineteenhundred.Apersonwithagreenthumbseemstohaveamagictouchthatmakesplantsgrowquicklyandwell.Youmightsaythatthewomannextdoorhasagreenthumbifhergardencontinuestogrowlongafteryourplantshavedied.TheGreenRevolution(革命)isthenamewhichwasgivensomeyearsagotothedevelopmentofnewkindsofriceandothergrains.Thenewplantsproducedmuchlargercrops.TheGreenRevolutionwastheresultofhardworkbyagricultural(農業的)scientistswhohadgreenthumbs.1．Accordingtothepassage,agreenhornmeans________now.A．apersonwhoisnewinajobB．asoldierwhohasnothadanyexperienceinwarC．ayoungcoworoxwhosehornshavenotyetdevelopedD．amanwhodoesn’thavetheskillstoliveinthecountry2．Themeaningoftheunderlinedword“ripe”is________.A．未完成的 B．青澀的 C．成熟的 D．老練的3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTright?A．Theexpression“theGreenRevolution”appearedseveralyearsago.B．Ifthereweren’ttheGreenRevolution,wewouldhavenoricetoeat.C．AgriculturalscientistswithgreenthumbsstartedtheGreenRevolution.D．BecauseoftheGreenRevolution,wehavemorekindsofriceandothergrains.4．Wecanknowfromthepassagethat________.A．allgrowingplantsisgreenB．greenisthemostimportantcolorinnatureC．apersonwithagreenthumbcanmakeplantsgrowwellD．theexpression“agreenthumb”hasahistoryoftwohundredyears5．Themainideaofthepassageis________.A．agreenhorn B．agreenthumbC．theGreenRevolution D．theword“green”anditsstory【答案】1．A2．C3．B4．C5．D【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了“綠色”一詞的多重含義及其相關表達和文化背景，并提及了“綠色革命”的概念。1．細節理解題。根據“Bytheeighteenthcentury,agreenhornhadthemeaningithastoday—apersonwhoisnewinajob.”可知，“greenhorn”有了今天的含義——指剛從事某份工作的人。故選A。2．詞句猜測題。根據“Sometimes,itdescribessomethingthatisnotyetfinishedorplantsthatarenotripe.”的語境可知，此處指未成熟的植物，所以劃線部分的含義是“成熟的”。故選C。3．細節理解題。根據“TheGreenRevolution(革命)isthenamewhichwasgivensomeyearsagotothedevelopmentofnewkindsofriceandothergrains.Thenewplantsproducedmuchlargercrops.”可知，綠色革命提高了作物產量，并沒有說明此前無米可吃。故選B。4．細節理解他。根據“Apersonwithagreenthumbseemstohaveamagictouchthatmakesplantsgrowquicklyandwell.”可知，園藝高手擅長種植。故選C。5．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了“綠色”一詞的多重含義及其相關表達和文化背景，并提及了“綠色革命”的概念，D項符合。故選D。（2025·天津東麗·模擬預測）Wemakemistakesatanyage.Somemistakeswemakeareaboutmoney.Butmostmistakesareaboutpeople.“DidJerryreallycarewhenIbrokeupwithHelen?”WhenIgotthatgreatjob,didJerryreallyfeelgoodaboutitasafriend?Ordidheenvy(嫉妒)myluck?”Whenwelookback,doubtslikethesecanmakeusfeelbad.Butwhenwelookback,it’stoolate.Whydowegowrongaboutourfriendsorourenemies?Sometimeswhatpeoplesayhidestheirrealmeaning.Andifwedon’treallylisten,wemaymissthefeelingbehindthewords.Supposesomeonetellsyou,“You’realuckydog.”Ishereallyonyourside?Ifhesays,“You’realuckyguy.”or“You’realuckygal.”That’sbeingfriendly.But“luckydog”?There’sabitofenvyinthosewords.Maybehedoesn’tseeithimself.Butusingtheword“dog”putsyoudownalittle.Whathemaybesayingishedoesn’tthinkyoudeserve(值得)yourluck.Howcanyoutelltherealmeaningbehindsomeone’swordsandavoid(避免)makingmistakes?Onewayistotakeagoodlookatthepersontalking.Dohiswordsfitthewayhelooks?Doeswhathesaysmatchwithhistoneofvoice?Hisposture(姿勢)?Thelookinhiseyes?Stopandthink.Spendsometimethinkingabouttherealmeaningofwhatpeoplesaytoyou,andyoumaysaveanothermistake.1．Thequestionsinthefirstparagraphtellusthatthespeaker________.A．feelshappybecausehisfriendswereniceandfriendlytohimB．thinksitwasamistaketobreakupwithhisgirlfriendHelenC．issorrythathisfriendshavelethimdownandmadehimcryD．feelshemaynothave“read”hisfriends’truefeelingscorrectly2．Fromtheexample“You’realuckydog”,wecanlearnthat________.A．sometimesthewordsgiveahintaboutthespeaker’sfeelingbehindthewordsB．itmeansnearlythesameas“You’realuckyguy.”or“You’realuckygal.”C．thepersonsayingthesewordsisfriendlyandhereallythinksyouareluckyD．theword“dog”shouldneverbeusedtodescribeapersoninourdailylife3．Thepassagetriestotellyouhowto________.A．avoidmakingmistakesaboutmoneyandfriendsB．bringthe“dog”intoourdailyconversationC．getabetterunderstandingofwhatpeoplesayD．beniceandfriendlytootherpeoplearoundyou4．Whatisimportantinlisteningtoaperson?A．Torememberhistone,postureandthelookinhiseyes.B．TocheckifhiswordsmatchwithhistoneandpostureC．Tolistentohowhepronouncesthewordsinhistalk.D．Don’tbelieveanythinghesaysbecauseheusuallylies.5．Ifyoufollowthewriter’sadvice,youwould________.A．beabletogettherealmeaningofotherpeople’swordsB．nevermisunderstandwhatpeoplesaytoyouinyourlifeC．notloserealfriendswhosaythingsthatmakeyouunhappyD．understandeverythingwhentalkingtopeoplewhoenvyyou【答案】1．D2．A3．C4．B5．A【導語】本文主要告訴我們在與人交往的過程中容易犯的錯誤就是誤解對方，表面說的是一個意思而實際想要表達的是另外一個意思。本文教會大家如何真正理解他人表達的意思，避免誤會。1．細節理解題。根據“Whenwelookback,doubtslikethesecanmakeusfeelbad.Butwhenwelookback,it’stoolate.”可知，第一段中的問題告訴我們，作者可能沒有正確地“讀懂”朋友們的真實感受。故選D。2．推理判斷題。根據“Supposesomeonetellsyou,‘You’realuckydog.’Ishereallyonyourside?Ifhesays,‘You’realuckyguy.’or‘You’realuckygal.’That’sbeingfriendly.But‘luckydog’?There’sabitofenvyinthosewords.”可知，如果對方說你是一個幸運的家伙，那是友好的。若說的是luckydog，那么是有一點嫉妒心理在話里的。話語可能暗示說話者的情感。故選A。3．主旨大意題。根據文章內容可知，本文主要講述了人們在日常交際時容易對別人說的話產生誤解，本文給出一些建議和方法來解決該類問題。故選C。4．細節理解題。根據“Onewayistotakeagoodlookatthepersontalking.Dohiswordsfitthewayhelooks?Doeswhathesaysmatchwithhistoneofvoice?Hisposture(姿勢)?Thelookinhiseyes?”可知，在聽一個人說話時，重要的是要根據他的態度、語調和姿勢來核對他的話。故選B。5．推理判斷題。本文就是教會大家如何真正理解他人表達的意思，避免誤會。所以如果你聽從作者的建議，你就能夠理解人們所說話的真正含義。故選A。（2025·天津濱海新·模擬預測）FiverulesforahealthylifeThankstobetterhealthcare,mostpeoplearelivinghealthierandlongerlives.Someonewhoisborntodaycanexpecttoliveaboutthirty-fiveyearslongerthansomeonewhowasborninthenineteenthcentury.Itiseventhoughtthatinthefuturemoreandmorepeoplewillcelebratetheirhundredthbirthdays.Herearefiverulesforahealthylife.1.Getoffthesofa!Sure,itiscomfortabletositonthesofaandwatchTV.Butdoctorssayyoushouldgetoffthesofa.Tokeepfit,youhavetowalkatleast10,000stepseveryday.Inthepast,people’sjobsrequiredmorephysicaleffort.Theyoftenhadtowalkformileseveryday.Whenfarmerswereworkinginthefields,theywerekeepingfitatthesametime.Thinkaboutit:Doyougetthesameamountofexercisetodayastheydidinthepast?2.Eathealthyfood!Itisimportanttoeatfoodthatisfreshandnatural,forexample,fruitandvegetables.Fastfoodisnothealthy.Youshouldonlyhaveitonceinawhile.Eatingtoomuchofthewrongfoodwillharmyourhealth.3.Restwhileyoucan!Whenwewerebabies,wesleptformuchofthenight.Teenagersdonotneedasmuchsleepasbabies,butitisimportantforyoutogetabouteighthours’sleepanight.Atweekends,youhavegotmoretime,souseitnotjustforyourfriends,butforresttoo.4.Donotworry.Behappy!Manypeoplebelievethathappinessisimportantforourgeneralhealth.Sometimesitisnoteasytobeateenagerbecauseofthedifficultiesofschool,examsorfriendships.Ifyouareworriedaboutsomething,talktoyourparentsoryourteacher.5.Saynotosmoking!Yes,youknowIwasgoingtosaythis.Itissoimportant.Smokingisnotcool.Itisdangerous.Itharmsnearlyeverypartofyourbody.Thinkabouthowyourfamilyandfriendswillfeel,andthinkaboutwhatitwilldotoyourhealth.1．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Peoplearelivinghealthierandlongerliversthanbefore. B．Exerciseisveryimportanttopeople.C．Howtoliveinahealthylife. D．Smokingisharmfultopeople.2．WhichofthefollowingisTrue?A．Smokingiscool. B．Smokingisdangerous.C．Smokinghardlyharmseverypartofourbody. D．Manystudentslikesmoking.3．Whydowegetoffthesofa?A．Becauseitisuncomfortabletositonthesofa. B．Becausewewanttokeepfit.C．Becausewemustgoouttowalk10000steps. D．Becausewehavealreadygetenoughexercisetoday.4．Accordingtothearticle,whodoyouthinkthepassageiswrittenfor?A．Thehealthy. B．Thewealthy. C．Theteenagers. D．Parents.5．Whatdoestheword“physical”mean?A．物理學 B．體力的 C．政治的 D．物質的【答案】1．C2．B3．B4．C5．B【導語】本文主要講述了健康生活的五條規則。1．主旨大意題。根據文章標題“Fiverulesforahealthylife”及全文內容（列舉5條健康生活準則）可知，文章主要講述如何健康生活。故選C。2．細節理解題。根據“Smokingisnotcool.Itisdangerous.”可知，吸煙是危險的。故選B。3．細節理解題。根據“Butdoctorssayyoushouldgetoffthesofa.Tokeepfit,youhavetowalkatleast10,000stepseveryday.”可知，離開沙發是為了要運動起來從而保持健康。故選B。4．推理判斷題。根據“teenagersdonotneedasmuchsleepasbabies”和“Sometimesitisnoteasytobeateenagerbecauseofthedifficultiesofschool,examsorfriendships.”等線索可推知，文章主要面向青少年群體。故選C。5．詞句猜測題。根據“Inthepast,people’sjobsrequiredmorephysicaleffort.”可知過去，人們的工作需要更多的體力，physical這里指“體力的”。故選B。（2025·天津·模擬預測）DeepSeekisanAIdevelopmentfirmbasedinHangzhou,China.Itwasfoundedin2023byLiangWenfeng,agraduateofZhejiangUniversity.ThecompanyisownedbyHigh-Flyer.DeepSeekfocusesondevelopingopen-sourcelargelanguagemodels(LLMs).Ithasreleased(發布)severalmodelssinceitwassetup.InJanuary2025,thereleaseofDeepSeek-R1madethecompanygloballyfamous.ThismodelisbasedonDeepSeek-V3andperformsaswellasOpen-AI’so1intaskssuchasmathematicsandcode(代碼).DeepSeek-R1achievedgreatresultsshortlyafteritsrelease.TheDeepSeekAIassistant(輔助)app,whichprovidesachatbot(聊天機器人)interface(界面)forDeepSeek-R1,topped(登頂)Apple’sAppStorechartandoutperformedOpenAI’sChatGPTmobileapp.ByFebruary2025,DeepSeek-R1,V3,andCodermodelshadbeenlaunchedontheNationalSupercomputingInternetPlatform.Moreover,DeepSeek-R1hasbeenintegrated(整合)withmanycarcompanieslikeGeelyandBYD,andhasalsobeenappliedingovernmentaffairs,medicalcare,andotherfields.DeepSeekusesadifferenttrainingapproachfromOpen-AItotrainitsR1models.Ituseslesstime,fewerAIaccelerators(加速器),andlowercosts.Thecompanyhasalsomadeseveraltraininginnovations(創新),includingreinforcement(鞏固)learning.1．WhereisDeepSeeklocated?A．ZhejiangProvince. B．Beijing. C．Suzhou. D．Shenzhen.2．WhichmodelmadeDeepSeekgloballyfamous?A．DeepSeek-LLM. B．DeepSeek-V2. C．DeepSeek-R1. D．DeepSeek-Coder.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outperform”mean?A．Expect. B．Understand. C．Realize. D．Surpass.4．HowdoesDeepSeektrainitsR1models?A．UsingthesameapproachasOpen-AI.B．WithmoretimeandmoreAIaccelerators.C．Withoutanytraininginnovations.D．Throughreinforcementlearningandotherinnovativemethods.5．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutDeepSeek-R1isTRUE?A．ItisbasedonOpen-AI’so1.B．Itcan’tperformwellinmathematicstasks.C．TheDeepSeekAIassistantappforitoutperformedChatGPTmobileapp.D．Ithasonlybeenappliedinthecarindustry.【答案】1．A2．C3．D4．D5．C【導語】本文介紹中國AI公司DeepSeek，其專注開源大語言模型開發，發布的DeepSeek-R1全球聞名，應用廣泛，訓練方法區別于OpenAI，且有創新、成本低等優勢。1．細節理解題。根據“DeepSeekisanAIdevelopmentfirmbasedinHangzhou,China.”可知，DeepSeek位于中國杭州，屬于浙江省，故選A。2．細節理解題。根據“InJanuary2025,thereleaseofDeepSeek-R1madethecompanygloballyfamous.”可知，DeepSeek-R1模型讓DeepSeek聞名全球，故選C。3．詞句猜測題。根據“toppedApple’sAppStorechart”可知，DeepSeekAI輔助的應用程序在蘋果應用商店排行榜登頂，可推測出DeepSeek的應用程序表現比ChatGPT移動應用好，“outperform”意思是“超過，勝過”，與“surpass”意思相近，故選D。4．細節理解題。根據“DeepSeekusesadifferenttrainingapproachfromOpen-AItotrainitsR1models…Thecompanyhasalsomadeseveraltraininginnovations,includingreinforcementlearning.”可知，DeepSeek通過強化學習和其他創新方法來訓練R1模型，故選D。5．細節理解題。根據“TheDeepSeekAIassistantapp,whichprovidesachatbotinterfaceforDeepSeek-R1,toppedApple’sAppStorechartandoutperformedOpenAI’sChatGPTmobileapp.”可知，為DeepSeek-R1提供聊天機器人界面的DeepSeekAI助手應用程序的表現超過了ChatGPT移動應用程序，故選C。（2025·天津·模擬預測）BeijingOpera,alsocalledPekingOpera,isournationalopera.Itcameintobeing(形成)after1790andhasahistoryofover200years.ItsmusicandsingingcamefromXipiandErhuanginAnhuiandHubei.TherearefourmainrolesinBeijingOpera:Sheng,Dan,Jing,Chou.Shengistheleadingmale(男性)actor.Forexample,aWushengisasoldierorfighter.AXiaoshengisayoungman.ALaoshengisanoldmanwithbeard(胡子).Danisthefemale(女性)role.Jing,mostlymale,isthefacepaintedroleandChouisthecomedy(喜劇)actororclown(小丑).BeijingOperaisfulloffamousstories,beautifulfacialpaintings,wonderfulgesturesandfighting.Someofthestoriesarefromhistorybooks,butmostarefromfamousnovels.Thepeopleinthestoriesusuallycan’tagreewitheachother.Theybecomeangry,unhappy,sadandlonely,Sometimestheyareafraidandworried.Thentheyfindawaytomakepeacewitheachother.Everyoneisusuallyhappyintheend.BeijingOperaisanimportantpartofChineseculture.InChinaitusedtobepopularwitholdpeoplewhileyoungpeopledidn’tlikeitverymuch.However,moreyoungpeoplearebecominginterestedinitnowadays.AndmorepeoplearoundtheworldarelearningaboutBeijingOpera’sspecialsinging,actingandfacialpaintings.1．WhendidBeijingOperacomeintobeing?A．Before1790. B．After1790. C．In1790. D．In2000.2．BeijingOpera’ssingingisfrom______.A．AnhuiandHubei B．thehistorybook C．theliteratureandnovels D．stories3．Thesecondparagraphofthe