2021年英語(yǔ)專業(yè)八級(jí)考試備考資料一、聽力部分（一）Mini-lecture1.題目示例-原文：Inmodernsociety,theconceptoftimehasundergonesignificantchanges.Timeisnolongerjustanaturalphenomenonbuthasbecomeasocialconstruct.Forexample,intheindustrialera,timewasstrictlyregulated.Factorieshadfixedworkinghours,andpeople'sdailyliveswerestructuredaroundtheseschedules.Thisshiftfromamoreflexible,naturaltimeperceptiontoarigid,socially-constructedtimeframeworkhashadfar-reachingimpactsonourlives.-題目：Theconceptoftimehaschangedfromanaturalphenomenontoa____________construct.-答案：social-解析：根據(jù)原文“Timeisnolongerjustanaturalphenomenonbuthasbecomeasocialconstruct”可直接得出答案。2.練習(xí)題目-原文：Inacademicwriting,clarityisofutmostimportance.Itinvolvespresentingideasinalogicalandstraightforwardmanner.Onewaytoachieveclarityisbyusingsimpleandpreciselanguage.Avoidingjargonandcomplexsentencestructurescanmakeyourwritingmoreaccessibletothereaders.-題目：Inacademicwriting,____________iscrucialandcanbeachievedbyusingsimpleandpreciselanguage.-答案：clarity-解析：原文明確提到“Inacademicwriting,clarityisofutmostimportance”以及后續(xù)關(guān)于如何實(shí)現(xiàn)clarity的內(nèi)容。-原文：Culturaldiversityenrichesourworldinmanyways.Itallowsfortheexchangeofdifferentideas,values,andtraditions.Throughculturaldiversity,wecanlearnfromeachotheranddevelopamoreinclusiveandunderstandingsociety.However,italsopresentschallenges,suchasculturalmisunderstandingsandconflicts.-題目：Culturaldiversityenrichestheworldbutalsobringschallengeslikecultural____________andconflicts.-答案：misunderstandings-解析：從原文“However,italsopresentschallenges,suchasculturalmisunderstandingsandconflicts”可找到答案。-原文：Thedevelopmentoftechnologyhastransformedthewaywecommunicate.Socialmediaplatformshavemadeitpossibleforpeopletoconnectwithothersaroundtheworldinstantly.Butatthesametime,ithasalsoledtoadecreaseinface-to-facecommunication.-題目：Technologydevelopmenthaschangedcommunication.Socialmediaenablesinstantglobalconnectionbutcausesadeclinein____________communication.-答案：face-to-face-解析：依據(jù)原文“ithasalsoledtoadecreaseinface-to-facecommunication”得出答案。-原文：Inthefieldofenvironmentalprotection,sustainabledevelopmentisakeyconcept.Itaimstomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Thisrequiresabalancebetweeneconomicdevelopment,socialwell-being,andenvironmentalprotection.-題目：Sustainabledevelopmentinenvironmentalprotectionaimstomeetpresentneedswithoutharmingtheabilityof____________generationstomeettheirneeds.-答案：future-解析：由原文“Itaimstomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds”可知答案。（二）Interview/Conversation1.題目示例-對(duì)話：-A:I'mreallyinterestedintraveling.I'vebeentoseveralcountriesinEurope.-B:That'sgreat!Whichonedidyoulikethemost?-A:IthinkItalywasthemostimpressive.Thearchitecture,thefood,andthepeoplethereareallamazing.-題目：Thespeakerlikes____________themostamongtheEuropeancountrieshehasvisited.-答案：Italy-解析：根據(jù)對(duì)話中“A:IthinkItalywasthemostimpressive”可得出答案。2.練習(xí)題目-對(duì)話：-A:I'mthinkingaboutchangingmyjob.Thecurrentoneistoostressful.-B:Whatkindofjobareyoulookingfor?-A:I'dlikeajobwithmoreflexibleworkinghoursandlesspressure.Maybesomethingrelatedtomarketing.-題目：Thespeakerwantstochangehisjobbecausethecurrentoneistoo____________.-答案：stressful-解析：從對(duì)話“A:I'mthinkingaboutchangingmyjob.Thecurrentoneistoostressful”可知原因。-對(duì)話：-A:Haveyouseenthenewmovie?-B:Yes,Ihave.It'sascience-fictionmovie.Thespecialeffectsarereallyamazing,buttheplotisabitweak.-題目：Thespeakerthinksthenewscience-fictionmoviehasamazingspecialeffectsbuta____________plot.-答案：weak-解析：依據(jù)對(duì)話“B:Yes,Ihave.It'sascience-fictionmovie.Thespecialeffectsarereallyamazing,buttheplotisabitweak”得出答案。-對(duì)話：-A:Howdoyouusuallygotowork?-B:Iusedtotakethebus,butnowIrideabike.It'smoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandgoodformyhealth.-題目：Thespeakernowgoestoworkby____________.-答案：bike-解析：根據(jù)對(duì)話“B:Iusedtotakethebus,butnowIrideabike”可知現(xiàn)在的通勤方式。-對(duì)話：-A:Areyougoingtothepartytonight?-B:I'mnotsure.Ihavealotofworktodo.IfIfinishitearly,I'llgo.-題目：Thespeakerwillgotothepartytonightifhe____________hisworkearly.-答案：finishes-解析：從對(duì)話“B:I'mnotsure.Ihavealotofworktodo.IfIfinishitearly,I'llgo”可得出條件。-對(duì)話：-A:Whatdoyouthinkofthenewrestaurantintown?-B:Theserviceisexcellent,butthepricesareabithigh.-題目：Thespeakerthinksthenewrestauranthasexcellentservicebut____________prices.-答案：high-解析：根據(jù)對(duì)話“B:Theserviceisexcellent,butthepricesareabithigh”得出答案。二、閱讀理解部分（一）選擇題1.題目示例-文章：Therapidgrowthofcitieshasledtomanyproblems.Oneofthemostpressingissuesistheshortageofhousing.Asmoreandmorepeoplemovetocities,thedemandforhousingfarexceedsthesupply.Thishasresultedinsky-highhousingpricesandovercrowdedlivingconditionsinmanyurbanareas.-題目：Whatisoneofthemainproblemscausedbytherapidgrowthofcities?-A.Lackoftransportation-B.Shortageofhousing-C.Highunemploymentrate-D.Pollution-答案：B-解析：文章明確提到“Oneofthemostpressingissuesistheshortageofhousing”，所以選B。2.練習(xí)題目-文章：TheInternethasrevolutionizedthewayweaccessinformation.Inthepast,peoplehadtorelyonlibrariesandnewspaperstogetknowledge.Now,withjustafewclicks,wecanfindalmostanyinformationweneed.However,thevastamountofinformationontheInternetalsomakesitdifficulttodistinguishbetweenreliableandunreliablesources.-題目：WhatproblemdoestheInternetbringaccordingtothepassage?-A.Itmakespeoplelazy.-B.Itishardtotellreliableinformationfromunreliableones.-C.Itreducestheuseoflibraries.-D.Itcausesinformationoverload.-答案：B-解析：從文章“However,thevastamountofinformationontheInternetalsomakesitdifficulttodistinguishbetweenreliableandunreliablesources”可知答案為B。-文章：Intheanimalkingdom,somespeciesareknownfortheirlong-distancemigrations.Forexample,monarchbutterfliestravelthousandsofmileseveryyeartoreachtheirwinteringgrounds.Thisamazingjourneyisaresultoftheirgeneticprogrammingandenvironmentalcues.-題目：Whydomonarchbutterfliestravellongdistanceseveryyear?-A.Tofindmorefood-B.Duetogeneticprogrammingandenvironmentalcues-C.Toescapepredators-D.Tofindabetterclimate-答案：B-解析：根據(jù)文章“Thisamazingjourneyisaresultoftheirgeneticprogrammingandenvironmentalcues”可知選B。-文章：Artificialintelligence(AI)isbeingincreasinglyusedinvariousfields.Inhealthcare,AIcanhelpdoctorsdiagnosediseasesmoreaccurately.Infinance,itcananalyzemarkettrendsandmakeinvestmentdecisions.However,therearealsoconcernsaboutthepotentialnegativeimpactsofAI,suchasjobdisplacement.-題目：Whatisoneoftheconcernsaboutartificialintelligence?-A.Itistooexpensivetodevelop.-B.Itmayreplacehumanjobs.-C.Ithaslimitedapplications.-D.Itisnotaccurateenough.-答案：B-解析：從文章“However,therearealsoconcernsaboutthepotentialnegativeimpactsofAI,suchasjobdisplacement”可知答案是B。-文章：Educationisthekeytoacountry'sdevelopment.Awell-educatedpopulationcandriveeconomicgrowth,improvesocialwelfare,andpromoteinnovation.Therefore,governmentsaroundtheworldshouldinvestmoreineducation.-題目：Whatshouldgovernmentsdoaccordingtothepassage?-A.Cutdownoneducationinvestment.-B.Focusoneconomicdevelopmentonly.-C.Investmoreineducation.-D.Promotesocialwelfarewithouteducation.-答案：C-解析：依據(jù)文章“Therefore,governmentsaroundtheworldshouldinvestmoreineducation”可知選C。-文章：Thefashionindustryisconstantlyevolving.Newtrendsemergeeveryseason,andconsumersarealwayslookingforthelateststyles.However,thisalsoleadstoalotofwasteasoldclothesarequicklydiscarded.Sustainablefashionisanattempttoaddressthisissuebypromotingtheuseofeco-friendlymaterialsandreducingwaste.-題目：Whatisthepurposeofsustainablefashion?-A.Tocreatemorefashiontrends.-B.Toreducewasteinthefashionindustry.-C.Tomakeclothesmoreexpensive.-D.Toattractmoreconsumers.-答案：B-解析：從文章“Sustainablefashionisanattempttoaddressthisissuebypromotingtheuseofeco-friendlymaterialsandreducingwaste”可知目的是減少時(shí)尚產(chǎn)業(yè)的浪費(fèi)，選B。（二）簡(jiǎn)答題1.題目示例-文章：Tourismhasbothpositiveandnegativeimpactsonlocalcommunities.Onthepositiveside,itcanbringeconomicbenefits,suchascreatingjobsandgeneratingincome.Onthenegativeside,itcancauseenvironmentaldamageandculturalconflicts.-題目：Whatarethepositiveimpactsoftourismonlocalcommunities?-答案：Itcanbringeconomicbenefits,suchascreatingjobsandgeneratingincome.-解析：直接從文章“Onthepositiveside,itcanbringeconomicbenefits,suchascreatingjobsandgeneratingincome”提取答案。2.練習(xí)題目-文章：Socialmediahaschangedthewayweinteractwitheachother.Itallowsustoconnectwithpeoplefromallovertheworldeasily.Butitalsohassomedrawbacks.Forexample,itcanleadtoaddictionandadecreaseinreal-lifesocialskills.-題目：Whatarethedrawbacksofsocialmedia?-答案：Itcanleadtoaddictionandadecreaseinreal-lifesocialskills.-解析：根據(jù)文章“Butitalsohassomedrawbacks.Forexample,itcanleadtoaddictionandadecreaseinreal-lifesocialskills”得出答案。-文章：Thedevelopmentofrenewableenergysourcesiscrucialforasustainablefuture.Solarenergy,windenergy,andhydroelectricpowerareallexamplesofrenewableenergy.Theyareclean,abundant,anddonotproducegreenhousegasemissions.-題目：Whyisthedevelopmentofrenewableenergysourcesimportant?-答案：Itiscrucialforasustainablefuture.Theyareclean,abundant,anddonotproducegreenhousegasemissions.-解析：從文章“Thedevelopmentofrenewableenergysourcesiscrucialforasustainablefuture”以及“Theyareclean,abundant,anddonotproducegreenhousegasemissions”總結(jié)得出答案。-文章：Inthefieldofliterature,classicworksoftenhaveaprofoundinfluenceonmodernliterature.Theyprovidethemes,characters,andnarrativetechniquesthatarestillrelevanttoday.Forexample,Shakespeare'splaysareconstantlyadaptedandreinterpreted.-題目：Whydoclassicworksinliteraturehaveaninfluenceonmodernliterature?-答案：Theyprovidethemes,characters,andnarrativetechniquesthatarestillrelevanttoday.-解析：依據(jù)文章“Theyprovidethemes,characters,andnarrativetechniquesthatarestillrelevanttoday”可得到答案。-文章：Theimportanceofphysicalexercisecannotbeoverstated.Ithelpstokeepourbodieshealthy,improveourmentalhealth,andincreaseourenergylevels.Regularexercisecanalsoreducetheriskofmanydiseases.-題目：Whatarethebenefitsofphysicalexercise?-答案：Ithelpstokeepourbodieshealthy,improveourmentalhealth,increaseourenergylevels,andreducetheriskofmanydiseases.-解析：從文章中提取相關(guān)內(nèi)容總結(jié)得出答案。-文章：Globalizationhasbroughtmanychangestotheworld.Ithaspromotedinternationaltradeandculturalexchange.However,ithasalsoledtosomeproblems,suchasthelossoflocalculturesandeconomicinequalitybetweencountries.-題目：Whatproblemshasglobalizationbrought?-答案：Ithasledtothelossoflocalculturesandeconomicinequalitybetweencountries.-解析：根據(jù)文章“However,ithasalsoledtosomeproblems,suchasthelossoflocalculturesandeconomicinequalitybetweencountries”得出答案。三、語(yǔ)言知識(shí)部分（一）詞匯題1.題目示例-題目：The____________ofthenewpolicywillhaveasignificantimpactontheeconomy.-A.implementation-B.implication-C.illustration-D.illusion-答案：A-解析：“implementation”意為“實(shí)施，執(zhí)行”，“implication”是“含義，暗示”，“illustration”是“說明，插圖”，“illusion”是“幻覺”。“實(shí)施新政策”用“implementation”合適，所以選A。2.練習(xí)題目-題目：Thecompanyisfacingaserious____________crisisduetothedeclineinsales.-A.financial-B.physical-C.emotional-D.historical-答案：A-解析：“financial”表示“金融的，財(cái)務(wù)的”，“physical”是“身體的，物理的”，“emotional”是“情感的”，“historical”是“歷史的”。銷售下降導(dǎo)致的應(yīng)該是財(cái)務(wù)危機(jī)，選A。-題目：Theprofessorgaveavery____________lectureonthetopicofartificialintelligence.-A.informative-B.formative-C.transformative-D.reformative-答案：A-解析：“informative”意為“信息豐富的，有見識(shí)的”，“formative”是“形成的，發(fā)展的”，“transformative”是“有變革性的”，“reformative”是“改革的”。講座應(yīng)該是信息豐富的，選A。-題目：Theyoungwriter'sworkshowsgreat____________.Heislikelytobecomeafamousauthorinthefuture.-A.potential-B.patience-C.preference-D.presence-答案：A-解析：“potential”表示“潛力”，“patience”是“耐心”，“preference”是“偏愛”，“presence”是“存在，出席”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，年輕作家作品顯示出很大潛力，選A。-題目：Theoldbuildinghasalotof____________valuebecauseitwasbuiltinthe19thcentury.-A.historical-B.chemical-C.musical-D.electrical-答案：A-解析：“historical”意為“歷史的”，“chemical”是“化學(xué)的”，“musical”是“音樂的”，“electrical”是“電氣的”。19世紀(jì)建造的建筑有歷史價(jià)值，選A。-題目：Theathlete's____________performanceinthecompetitionwonhimagoldmedal.-A.outstanding-B.ordinary-C.obedient-D.obvious-答案：A-解析：“outstanding”表示“杰出的，優(yōu)秀的”，“ordinary”是“普通的”，“obedient”是“順從的”，“obvious”是“明顯的”。贏得金牌說明表現(xiàn)杰出，選A。（二）語(yǔ)法題1.題目示例-題目：Itisessentialthathe____________thereontime.-A.be-B.is-C.willbe-D.wouldbe-答案：A-解析：在“Itisessential/important/necessary等+that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可省略，所以選A。2.練習(xí)題目-題目：Themanagerdemandedthatthereport____________immediately.-A.besubmitted-B.wassubmitted-C.wouldbesubmitted-D.hadbeensubmitted-答案：A-解析：“demand”后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可省略，“報(bào)告被提交”用“besubmitted”，選A。-題目：____________inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.-A.Havinglost-B.Lost-C.Beinglost-D.Losing-答案：B-解析：“belostin”表示“迷路”，這里用過去分詞“l(fā)ost”作狀語(yǔ)，表狀態(tài)，選B。-題目：Notuntilhearrivedhome____________hefindthathiswalletwasmissing.-A.did-B.would-C.had-D.should-答案：A-解析：“Notuntil”位于句首，句子要部分倒裝，根據(jù)“arrived”可知是一般過去時(shí)，用“did”，選A。-題目：Thebook,____________isverypopularamongstudents,waswrittenbyafamousauthor.-A.which-B.that-C.what-D.who-答案：A-解析：這是一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是“thebook”，用“which”引導(dǎo)，選A。-題目：Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswho____________passedtheexam.-A.has-B.have-C.had-D.having-答案：A-解析：“theonlyoneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語(yǔ)從句”中，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)“haspassed”，選A。四、寫作部分（一）觀點(diǎn)類作文1.題目示例題目：Somepeoplethinkthattechnologyhasmadeourlivesmoreconvenient,whileothersbelieveithasmadeourlivesmorecomplicated.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.范文Inmodernsociety,theroleoftechnologyinourliveshasbecomeahighlydebatedtopic.Someindividualsarguethattechnologyhasbroughtaboutgreaterconvenience,whileotherscontendthatithasmadeourlivesmorecomplex.Ononehand,thereisnodenyingthattechnologyhasrevolutionizedourlivesandmadethemmoreconvenient.Theinventionofsmartphones,forexample,hasconnectedpeoplefromallovertheworld.Wecancommunicatewithfriendsandfamilyinstantly,regardlessofgeographicaldistances.E-commerceplatformshavealsomadeshoppingabreeze.Withjustafewclicks,wecanpurchaseawiderangeofproductsandhavethemdeliveredtoourdoorstep.Moreover,technologicaladvancementsintransportation,suchashigh-speedtrainsandairplanes,havemadetravelingfasterandmorecomfortable.Ontheotherhand,technologyhasintroducednewcomplexitiesintoourlives.Theconstantbombardmentofinformationthroughsocialmediaandtheinternetcanbeoverwhelming.Weareoftendistractedbynotificationsandfeelpressuredtokeepupwiththelatesttrends.Additionally,theover-relianceontechnologyhasledtoadecreaseinface-to-facecommunication.Peoplemayfinditdifficulttobuildreal-liferelationships.Furthermore,astechnologyevolves,thereareconcernsaboutprivacyandsecurity.Hackerscanaccessourpersonalinformation,whichposesasignificantthreattoourwell-being.Inmyopinion,whiletechnologyhasitsdrawbacks,thebenefitsitbringsfaroutweightheproblems.Technologyhasthepotentialtosolvemanyglobalissues,suchaspovertyandenvironmentalproblems.Weshouldembracetechnologyanduseitinaresponsiblewaytomakeourlivesbetter.2.練習(xí)題目題目：Somepeoplethinkthatuniversitiesshouldfocusontheoreticalknowledge,whileothersbelievethatpracticalskillsshouldbeemphasized.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.范文Thequestionofwhetheruniversitiesshouldprioritizetheoreticalknowledgeorpracticalskillshasbeenamatterofgreatconcern.Differentpeopleholddifferentviewsonthisissue.Thosewhoadvocateforthefocusontheoreticalknowledgearguethatitformsthefoundationofallacademicdisciplines.Theoreticalknowledgeprovidesstudentswithadeepunderstandingoftheprinciplesandconceptsintheirfieldsofstudy.Ithelpsthemdevelopcriticalthinkingandanalyticalskills.Forexample,inthefieldofphysics,theoreticalknowledgeallowsstudentstounderstandthefundamentallawsofnature,whichisessentialforfurtherresearchandinnovation.Moreover,theoreticalknowledgeequipsstudentswiththeabilitytoadapttonewsituationsandsolvecomplexproblemsinthelongrun.Ontheotherhand,proponentsofemphasizingpracticalskillsbelievethatintoday'scompetitivejobmarket,practicalskillsarecrucialforstudents'futuresuccess.Practicalskillsenablestudentstoapplywhattheyhavelearnedinreal-worldscenarios.Forinstance,infieldslikeengineeringandbusiness,hands-onexperienceishighlyvaluedbyemployers.Byacquiringpracticalskillsduringtheiruniversityyears,studentscangainacompetitiveedgeandbemorereadilyemployableaftergraduation.Inmyview,universitiesshouldstrikeabalancebetweentheoreticalknowledgeandpracticalskills.Theoreticalknowledgeprovidesthenecessaryframework,whilepracticalskillshelpstudentstranslatethatknowledgeintoreal-worldapplications.Awell-roundededucationthatcombinesbothaspectswillbetterpreparestudentsfortheirfuturecareersandpersonaldevelopment.（二）現(xiàn)象類作文1.題目示例題目：Describethephenomenonoftheincreasingpopularityofonlinecoursesandanalyzeitscausesandeffects.范文Inrecentyears,onlinecourseshavewitnessedaremarkablesurgeinpopularity.Thisphenomenonhasattractedwidespreadattentionandhashadaprofoundimpactonthefieldofeducation.Thereareseveralreasonsfortheincreasingpopularityofonlinecourses.Firstly,technologyhasmadeitpossibleforpeopletoaccesseducationalresourceseasily.Withthedevelopmentoftheinternetanddigitaldevices,studentscantakecoursesfromanywhereatanytime.Secondly,onlinecoursesofferawidevarietyofsubjectsandcourses.Studentscanchoosethecoursesthatsuittheirinterestsandneeds,whichisoftennotpossibleintraditionalclassrooms.Thirdly,onlinecoursesareusuallymorecost-effective.Theyeliminatetheneedforcommutingandexpensivetextbooks,makingeducationmoreaccessibletoalargernumberofpeople.Theeffectsofthepopularityofonlinecoursesarealsosignificant.Onthepositiveside,ithasexpandededucationalopportunities.Peoplewhowerepreviouslyunabletoattendtraditionalschools,suchasworkingadultsandthoseinremoteareas,cannowreceiveaneducation.Ithasalsopromotedself-learningandindependentthinkingasstudentshavetomanagetheirownstudytimeandpace.However,therearealsosomenegativeeffects