時(shí)態(tài)概述時(shí)態(tài)演化演化練習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)詳解普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)普通過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)未來進(jìn)行時(shí)普通未來時(shí)1/49時(shí)態(tài)概述

動(dòng)詞原形；第三人稱單數(shù)在詞尾加-s或-es現(xiàn)在過去未來過去未來普通狀態(tài)完成狀態(tài)完成進(jìn)行狀

態(tài)dododoes動(dòng)詞過去式（規(guī)則或不規(guī)則）didbegoingto/will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形begoingtowillshall+do進(jìn)行狀態(tài)am、is或are加動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞amisare+doingwas/were加動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞waswere+doingwould/should加bedoingwas/weregoingto,would或should加動(dòng)詞原形wasweregoingtowouldshould+dowill/shall加bedoingwouldshould+bedoingwillshall+bedoinghave或has加動(dòng)詞過去分詞havehas+done助動(dòng)詞had加動(dòng)詞過去分詞had+doneWill/shall加have加過去分詞willshallhavedone+would或should加have加動(dòng)詞過去分詞wouldshould+havedonehave/has加been加動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞havehas+beendoinghad加been加動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞hadbeendoingwill/shall加have加been加現(xiàn)在分詞willshall+havebeendoingwould/shouldhavebeendoing單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁2/49慣用時(shí)態(tài)演化示意圖1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)do過去did現(xiàn)在do未來amisaregoingtowillshall過去waswerewouldshould注：普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)第三人稱單數(shù)形式——詞尾按規(guī)則加-s或-es。普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)普通過去時(shí)普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)普通未來時(shí)過去未來時(shí)3/49慣用時(shí)態(tài)演化示意圖2一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)do現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行amisaredoing過去waswere現(xiàn)在amisare未來bewillshall注：普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)第三人稱單數(shù)形式——詞尾按規(guī)則加-s或-es。過去wouldshould普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)未來進(jìn)行時(shí)過去未來進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)4/49慣用時(shí)態(tài)演化示意圖3一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)do注：普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)第三人稱單數(shù)形式——詞尾按規(guī)則加-s或-es。現(xiàn)在完成havehasdone過去had普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁5/49慣用時(shí)態(tài)演化練習(xí)1結(jié)構(gòu)練習(xí)以write為中心動(dòng)詞寫出各對(duì)應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：

普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)普通過去時(shí)普通未來時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

過去未來時(shí)未來進(jìn)行時(shí)過去未來進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)write;writeswroteam/is/are

goingto/will/shall

writeam/is/arewrtingwas/werewrtingwas/were

goingto/would/should

writewill/shallbewritingwould/shouldbewritinghave/haswritten

hadwrittendo;doesdidam/is/are

goingto/will/shall

doam/is/aredoingwas/weredoingwas/were

goingto/would/should

dowill/shallbedoingwould/shouldbedoinghave/hasdone

haddone6/49慣用時(shí)態(tài)演化練習(xí)2結(jié)構(gòu)練習(xí)以“看書”為中心推斷以下句子時(shí)態(tài)并翻譯：他已經(jīng)看過這本書了。他要看一本書。他正在看書。他昨天看了一本書。當(dāng)初他正在看書。他天天都要看一本書。明天這個(gè)時(shí)候他將正在看書。他說他要看一本書。他在走之前就看過這本書了。判斷不對(duì)沒關(guān)系現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)普通未來時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)普通過去時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)未來進(jìn)行時(shí)過去未來時(shí)過去完成時(shí)Hehasreadthebook.Hewillbereadingabookatthistimetomorrow.Hewillreadabook.Heisreadingabook.Hereadabookyesterday.Hewasreadingabookthen.Hereadsabookeveryday.Hesaidhewouldreadabook.Hehadreadthebookbeforeleaving.7/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)由謂語動(dòng)詞原形組成，主語是第一、第二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用原形。當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，須在動(dòng)詞原形詞尾加-s或-es。主要用法a表示現(xiàn)在特征或狀態(tài)

e.g.Imajorincomputerscience.

Georgeisateacher.

Italldepends.(得看情況。)8/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)由謂語動(dòng)詞原形組成，主語是第一、第二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用原形。當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，須在動(dòng)詞原形詞尾加-s或-es。主要用法b表示經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作

e.g.Iclimbthemountainthreetimesaweek.Itseldomsnowshere.

Theycycletoworkevery

day.9/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)由謂語動(dòng)詞原形組成，主語是第一、第二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用原形。當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，須在動(dòng)詞原形詞尾加-s或-es。主要用法c表示公認(rèn)事實(shí)或普遍真理e.g.Healthismoreimportantthanwealth.Fourplusthreeequalsseven.

Waterfreezesat0℃.10/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)由謂語動(dòng)詞原形組成，主語是第一、第二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用原形。當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，須在動(dòng)詞原形詞尾加-s或-es。主要用法d在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中代替未來時(shí)e.g.Whenhefinishesmiddleschool,hewillgoonhisstudiesincollege.

Wewillhaveafootballmatchifitisfinetomorrow.

Wewillstartas

soonasyouareready.11/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要用法e在口語中表示預(yù)先安排好將要發(fā)生動(dòng)作，但這只用于一些表示位置移動(dòng)動(dòng)詞，如come,go,leave,sail,arrive,return,depart以及象start,begin,end,stop,open,close和be

等詞e.g.Thedelegationarrivesheretomorrow.

Theplanetakesoffat11a.m..

Theeveningpartybeginsat7:00tonight.

Whendoestheexhibitionclose?

Iaminmyofficefromthreetosixthisafternoon.將要發(fā)生動(dòng)作，12/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要用法f用于一些諺語、新聞標(biāo)題、體育講解詞、舞臺(tái)指導(dǎo)說明或講故事等e.g.Pridegoesbeforeafall.（驕者必?cái)　＃?/p>

AMERICANPROFESSORLEAVESBEIJING

MoorpassestoCharlton;Charltonshoots,it'sagoodgoal.

Whenthecurtainrises,Julietissittingatherdesk.Thephonerings.

Shepicksitupandlistensquietly.

Itispitch-dark（漆黑）thatnight.Acoldwindisblowingfromthenorth.Suddenlythedooropens.Amanburstsinwithababyinhisarms.單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁13/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解普通過去時(shí)普通過去時(shí)以謂語動(dòng)詞原形加-ed表示，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式見不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表。主要用法a表示確定過去時(shí)間里發(fā)生動(dòng)作或情況

e.g.Scissorscutpaper,butIcutmyfingerthismorning.

Shanghaiwasoncethe"ParadiseforAdventures".

Whendidyoumeethim?14/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解普通過去時(shí)主要用法b表示過去習(xí)慣動(dòng)作

e.g.Kenneversmoked.

Heoftenwentdancingbefore.

HegaveMaryexcitinggiftseveryChristmas.也可用usedto或would來表示過去習(xí)慣動(dòng)作

e.g.Tomusedtoeatouteveryday,butnowhecan'taffordit.

Hedidn'tusetomakethatmistake.

Whenhewasyoung,hewouldriseearlyand

takeawalkbeforebreakfast.15/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解普通過去時(shí)主要用法c在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，代替過去未來時(shí)

e.g.Imissedthatexcitinggame,becausemothersaidIcouldn'twatchTVbeforemyhomeworkwasfinished.

Fatherpromisedtobuymeabikeifhegotaraise.

Thelittleboywouldopenthedoorifheheardanybodyknockatthedoor.16/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解普通過去時(shí)主要用法d用于一些虛擬句，表示現(xiàn)在或未來臆想或非真實(shí)情況

e.g.IwishIhadabettermemory.

It'sfiveo'clock.It'stimewewenthome.

I'dratheryoulivedclosertous.

IfIknewhisaddress,Iwouldlookhimup.單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁17/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由have/has+過去分詞組成，規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去分詞與過去式同形，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去分詞見不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表。與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用時(shí)間狀語主要有兩類，一類是表示不確切時(shí)間狀語，如just，ever，never，yet，already，before等；另一類是表示包含現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)時(shí)間狀語，如thesedays，since…，foralongtime，thisyear，sofar，uptillnow等。18/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要用法a用來表示從過去到現(xiàn)在這段時(shí)間里已完成且對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響動(dòng)作

e.g.JohnhasbeentoBeijing.

--JohnhasgonetoBeijing.

--Ihaveseenthefilmmanytimes.（說明他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)返回）（說明他現(xiàn)在不在此地）（說明對(duì)電影內(nèi)容很熟悉）19/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要用法b表示從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)Howmanypageshaveyoucoveredtoday?Ithasrainedagreatdealsinceyouleft.Shehasbeenillforthreedays.20/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要用法c在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中代替未來完成時(shí)

e.g.Thestudentswillgohomeassoonastheyhavefinishedtheexams.

IwillgivemyopinionwhenIhavereadthebookthrough.

Hewillsaysorrytoyouifhehasrealizedhisownmistake.21/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要用法d用于Thisisthefirsttime…結(jié)構(gòu)中

e.g.ThisisthefirsttimeIhaveeatenPizza.

Thisisthefirsttimetheyhaveseenapanda.

ItisthefirsttimeJohnhasplayedgolf.單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁22/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由"has/havebeen+現(xiàn)在分詞"組成主要用法a表示現(xiàn)在以前一直在進(jìn)行一個(gè)動(dòng)作，這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能已經(jīng)停頓,也可能還在進(jìn)行

e.g.Howlonghasitbeenraining?

Shehasbeenteachingintheelementaryschoolsince1990.

Howhaveyoubeengettingonwithyourwork?23/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由"has/havebeen+現(xiàn)在分詞"組成主要用法b表示延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并經(jīng)常重復(fù)動(dòng)作

e.g.Jimisannoyed.JimhasbeenphoningJennyeverynightforaweek.

Alltheyearstheyhavebeencontributingarticlestoourmagazine.

Wehavebeenseeingquitealoteachotherrecently.

24/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由"has/havebeen+現(xiàn)在分詞"組成主要用法c用于得出結(jié)論

e.g.Hereyesarered.Itisobviousshehasbeencrying.

Youlookthinandtired.Youhavebeenworkingtoohard.單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁25/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)由"had+過去分詞"組成主要用法a表示過去某時(shí)刻以前發(fā)生或完成動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，即"過去過去"這一概念

e.g.Byduskteargashadspreadthroughthesouthcampus.

WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadalreadybegun.

BytheendoflastOctober,theyhadfulfilledtheirproductionplanforthewholeyear.26/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)由"had+過去分詞"組成主要用法b表示某一時(shí)刻開始一直延續(xù)到過去另一時(shí)刻動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)

e.g.ShehadstudiedEnglishforfiveyearsbeforeshecametothecollege.

Hehadlivedwithhisgrandmotherbeforeshedied.

Ireceivedaletterfromafriendyesterday.Wehadnotheardfromeachothersince1990.27/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)由"had+過去分詞"組成主要用法c在賓語從句中，當(dāng)主句為普通過去時(shí)而從句中動(dòng)作發(fā)生在先時(shí)，從句慣用過去完成時(shí)，慣用于間接引語情況

e.g.Janesaidthatshehadvisitedthatsciencemuseum.

HetoldusthatJohnhadbrokenhisarmwhileridingamotorcycle.

HesaidthatwhenI'dworkedforayearI'dgetarise.28/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)由"had+過去分詞"組成主要用法d用于過去時(shí)間虛擬條件句中，表示與過去事實(shí)相反情況

e.g.Wewouldhaveenjoyedourspringoutingifithadnotrained.

IfIhadknownthatyouwerecoming,Iwouldhavemetyouattheairport.

Ifhehadtriedtoleavethecountryhewouldhavebeenstoppedatthefrontier.29/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解過去完成時(shí)主要用法e在動(dòng)詞wish和ifonly后從句中，用于對(duì)未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)愿望表示遺憾

e.g.Iwishedhehadknowntheaddress.

Hewishedhehadlivednearerhiswork.

--Ifonlyshehadaskedsomeone'sadvice.

相當(dāng)于Iwassorryhedidn'tknowtheaddress.相當(dāng)于Hewassorrythathedidn'tlivenearerhiswork.

相當(dāng)于Iwassorrythatshedidn'tasksomeone'sadvice.30/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解過去完成時(shí)主要用法fexpect,hope,wish,intend,mean,plan,suppose,think,want

等動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)表示過去希望或計(jì)劃等沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)

e.g.Hehadhopedtocomeandhelp,buthewassick.

Theyhadintendedtovisityou,buttheircarbrokedown.

Thebosshadwantedtodonatesomemoneytotheschool,buthewentbankruptoveranight.31/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解過去完成時(shí)主要用法g與before連用表示"還沒……就"

e.g.SheweptbeforeIhadrealizedwhatwashappening.

TheysetoutbeforeIhadtoldthemtheaddress.

Heclosedthedoorbeforethetelephonehadrung.32/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解過去完成時(shí)主要用法h用于"itwasthefirsttime"、"nosooner……than"或"hardly……when"結(jié)構(gòu)中

e.g.Itwasthefirsttimetheyhadtriedforeignfood.

Ihad

nosoonerreturned

thanhecalled.

Wehad

hardly

begun

whenweweretoldtostop.單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁33/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由"am/is/are+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞"組成主要用法a表示在某時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行動(dòng)作

e.g.Alargeaudienceislisteningtothelecturercarefully.

What'sthebabydoing?

He'stearingupa￡5note.

Myneighborisrefurnishing（重新裝修）hisroomsnow.34/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由"am/is/are+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞"組成主要用法b表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行動(dòng)作，但說話時(shí)不一定正在進(jìn)行

e.g.Heistakingapart-timejobinthelibrary.

Someteachersinourdepartmentarelearninghowtoprogramthesedays.

IamreadingaplaybyBernardShawthismonth.35/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由"am/is/are+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞"組成主要用法c表示計(jì)劃中即將發(fā)生未來動(dòng)作

e.g.Myuncleisvisitingussoon..

Areyoudoinganythingtomorrowafternoon?

Yes,I'mplayingtenniswithAnn.

I'mmeetingPetertonight.Heistakingmetothetheatre.36/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)主要用法d與副詞always,forever,continually,constantly等連用，表示經(jīng)常或重復(fù)發(fā)生動(dòng)作，往往帶有贊賞或厭惡等感情色彩

e.g.Whyareyoualwaysleavingthingsbehind?

Heis

always

forgettingpeople'snames.

Sheis

always

complaining.

Heis

constantly

producingdevicesformakingthetasksofordinarylifeeasiertoperform.

Thelittleboyis

forever

askingquestions.單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁37/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由"was/were+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞"組成主要用法a表示過去某時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)期正在進(jìn)行動(dòng)作

e.g.BetweeneightandtenIwasstudyinginthelibrary.

WhenIarrived,Tomwastalkingonthephone.

Themotherwaspreparingdinnerwhenthesoncamehome.38/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由"was/were+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞"組成主要用法b不與時(shí)間狀語連用，表示逐步發(fā)展

e.g.Itwasgettingdarker.

Thewindwasrising.

Awoodfirewasburning.39/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由"was/were+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞"組成主要用法c表示過去對(duì)未來安排

e.g.Hewasbusypacking,forhewasleavingthatnight.

Theywereplayingtennisfrom3:00to4:00thatafternoon,sotheybooked.

Whatwereyoudoingateighto'clock?40/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由"was/were+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞"組成主要用法d與一些副詞連用表示某事在過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生，而且?guī)в畜@奇或不滿等感情色彩

e.g.Myfatherwasforeverlosingkeys.

Hewasalwaysringingmeup.

Mygrandmotherwasforeverforgettingpeople'snames.41/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由"was/were+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞"組成主要用法e用在間接引語中，表示相當(dāng)于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行動(dòng)作

e.g.HesaidhewaslivinginLondon.

ItoldthemIwaswashingthecar.

Theysaidthattheywereplayingcards.單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁42/49時(shí)態(tài)詳解未來進(jìn)行時(shí)未來進(jìn)行時(shí)由"be未來時(shí)形式+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞"組成主要用法表示未來某時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)期正在進(jìn)行動(dòng)作

e.gTheywillbewaitingforyouattheschoolgatefromtentoeleventomorrowmorning.

Won'thebeworking?

Whenshallwebemeetingagain?

ShallIbedisturbingyouifIdomytypinghere?

B