Unit3BuildingUpYourVocabularyHowmanytonsofcarbondioxidearereleasedintotheatmosphereeveryday?Approximately100milliontonsHowisthecarbondioxidedealtwithintheEarth'secosystem?plantsabsorptionoceanabsorptionSoilabsorptionTheAmazonbasin,knownasthe"lungsoftheworld"WhataretheimportantrolesoftheecologicalenvironmentoftheAmazonRiverbasininglobalclimateandecosystems?Today,wewillexplorehowtoprotecttheenvironmentthroughwordsandexercises!Page281.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.1.TheAmazonbasin,knownasthe"lungsoftheworld",notonlyprovidessome

balance

fortheplanet,butalsofoodandresourcesforthelocalnatives.2.Thousandsofbabypenguins

todeathbecausethechangingclimateforcedtheirparentstoleavethemandtravellongdistancesinsearchoffood.3.ManyexpertslinkChina'seconomicsuccesstothe

reformthatChinahasundergonesince1978.4.Thespeakersaidthemediashouldmakemore

thatspreadawarenessoftheclimatecrisisandpossiblesolutions.5.Todealwithclimatechange,wemust

theinitiativetodowhateverisnecessarytoprotectourenvironment.1.TheAmazonbasin,knownasthe"lungsoftheworld",notonlyprovidessome

balance

fortheplanet,butalsofoodandresourcesforthelocalnatives.1.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.ecological

ecology（n.生態(tài)學(xué)）

→ecological（adj.生態(tài)的）ecologist（n.生態(tài)學(xué)家）ecosystem（n.生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）1.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.2.Thousandsofbabypenguins

todeathbecausethechangingclimateforcedtheirparentstoleavethemandtravellongdistancesinsearchoffood.starvedstarve（v.挨餓；餓死）starvation（n.饑餓；餓死）starved（adj.饑餓的；匱乏的，

如：starvedofresources資源匱乏）starvetodeath（餓死）starvefor（渴望，如：starveforlove/attention）starvesomeone/somethingof（使……缺乏，如：Theprojectisstarvedoffunding.）1.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.3.ManyexpertslinkChina'seconomicsuccesstothe

reformthatChinahasundergonesince1978.comprehensivecomprehensively（adv.全面地）例：Theteam

comprehensively

defeatedtheiropponents.（隊(duì)伍全面擊敗了對(duì)手）comprehensiveness（n.全面性）例：The

comprehensiveness

oftheplanimpressedeveryone.（計(jì)劃的全面性令人印象深刻）comprehend（v.理解）→

comprehensible（adj.可理解的）注意：避免混淆

comprehensive（全面的）與

comprehensible（可理解的）。高考常考

comprehensive

與其他“全面”類形容詞的區(qū)分：comprehensive：涵蓋所有必要方面，強(qiáng)調(diào)完整性和系統(tǒng)性。complete：強(qiáng)調(diào)“完整無(wú)缺”（不缺少任何部分）。

例：a

complete

collectionofShakespeare’sworks（莎士比亞作品全集）thorough：強(qiáng)調(diào)“細(xì)致徹底”（側(cè)重深度而非廣度）。

例：a

thorough

investigation（徹底調(diào)查）extensive：強(qiáng)調(diào)“范圍廣”（覆蓋面積大，但不一定全面）。

例：extensive

knowledge（廣博的知識(shí)）1.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.4.Thespeakersaidthemediashouldmakemore

thatspreadawarenessoftheclimatecrisisandpossiblesolutions.broadcasts基本含義：動(dòng)詞：廣播、播送（電視/電臺(tái)節(jié)目）例：Thenewswillbe

broadcast

livetonight.（新聞將于今晚直播）名詞：廣播節(jié)目例：Theradio

broadcast

wasinterruptedbystatic.（廣播節(jié)目被靜電干擾中斷）引申義：傳播（信息、觀點(diǎn)等）例：He

broadcast

hisopinionsonsocialmedia.（他在社交媒體上傳播自己的觀點(diǎn)）公開(kāi)宣布例：Thegovernment

broadcast

thenewpolicy.（政府公開(kāi)宣布了新政策）高考常考

broadcast

與其他“傳播”類動(dòng)詞的區(qū)分：broadcast：通過(guò)電視、電臺(tái)等媒介公開(kāi)傳播（正式或技術(shù)性場(chǎng)景）。televise：特指通過(guò)電視播放（僅限電視）。transmit：傳輸信號(hào)或信息（強(qiáng)調(diào)技術(shù)過(guò)程，如信號(hào)傳輸）。air：非正式用語(yǔ)，指播放節(jié)目（=broadcast）。spread：廣泛傳播（信息、謠言、疾病等，無(wú)媒介限制）。5.Todealwithclimatechange,wemust

theinitiativetodowhateverisnecessarytoprotectourenvironment.1.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.seize基本含義：抓住、奪取（物理動(dòng)作或抽象概念）例：Thepolice

seized

thethief.（警察抓住了小偷）例：She

seized

theopportunitytostudyabroad.（她抓住了出國(guó)留學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)）引申義：突然侵襲（疾病、情緒等）例：Hewas

seized

withpanic.（他突然感到恐慌）理解、掌握（抽象事物）例：Icouldn’t

seize

themeaningofhiswords.（我無(wú)法理解他的話）seize：強(qiáng)調(diào)突然、用力地抓住（物理或抽象）grasp：緊握、理解（側(cè)重“掌握”或“領(lǐng)會(huì)”）grab：迅速抓取（可能帶有粗魯意味）capture：捕獲（人或物，或抽象事物如注意力）snatch：快速搶奪（短暫動(dòng)作）He______thewalletfromherhand.A.seizedB.graspedC.snatchedD.capturedC（強(qiáng)調(diào)“快速搶奪”）releasedfuelstrendpoliciesrestrictsustainable3.Thefollowingwordsandphrasescanallmean“tomakesomethinghappen”.Lookthemupinthedictionaryanddiscusstheirdifferences.Thencreatesentencesofyourownusingeachofthem.(cause,beresponsiblefor,bringabout,leadto,resultin)EXAMPLEAccordingtothereportsubmittedbyresearchers,between20and25percentofallannualcarbondioxideemissionsarecausedbythedestructionoftropicalforests.Abreakdowninthecomputersystemwasresponsibleforyesterday'schaosinthesubwaystation.詞匯用法特點(diǎn)例句cause直接原因，中性詞Smoking

causes

lungcancer.beresponsiblefor強(qiáng)調(diào)責(zé)任歸屬Humans

areresponsiblefor

globalwarming.bringabout強(qiáng)調(diào)導(dǎo)致變化（中性或積極）Technology

broughtabout

agreenrevolution.leadto強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程導(dǎo)向的結(jié)果Deforestation

leadsto

habitatloss.resultin強(qiáng)調(diào)最終結(jié)果（常為負(fù)面）Overfishing

resultedin

marineextinction.AssessingYourProgressPage34Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.(garbage,harmonious,initiative,restrict,restore,dozen)WhenaskedbyaTVreportertotalkaboutairandwaterqualityinhishometown,(1)QiMunoted,“Theairisgreatnow,andwecantakemorewalksandenjoybeingoutdoorsagain.”Hefeltquitepleasedbecausethevillagerswereliving________withnatureoncemore.However,hecouldnotforgetaboutanearliertimewhenhisvillagehadbeenstrugglingwithaseriousairqualityproblem.Inthe1990s,________fromanearbycitywasusuallybroughttothevillage.(2)“Howcanwemakeuseofthis?”thevillagerswondered.Soontheyfoundthatgarbagecouldbeusedtofeedpigs.(3)“Overthenextfewyears,________ofpigfarmsweresetup,”Qirecalled.Butthennobodyinthevillagewantedtoopentheirwindows.(4)“Thesmellfromthegarbageandpigwastewasmakingus