TheSoundAndTheFury喧嘩與騷動WilliamCuthbertFaulkner(1897–1962),alsoknownasWillFaulkner,wasanAmericanwriterandNobelPrizelaureate.Faulknerworkedinavarietyofmedia;hewrotenovels,shortstories,aplay,poetry,essaysandscreenplaysduringhiscareer.Faulknerisprimarilyknownandacclaimedforhisnovelsandshortstories,manyofwhicharesetinthefictionalYoknapatawphaCounty,asettingFaulknercreatedbasedonLafayetteCounty,wherehespentmostofhislifeAsILayDying我彌留之際LightinAugust八月之光Absalom,Absalom!TitleTomorrowandtomorrowandtomorrow,CreepsinthispettypacefromdaytodayTothelastsyllableofrecordedtime,AndallouryesterdayshavelightedfoolsThewaytodustydeath.Out,out,briefcandle!Life'sbutawalkingshadow,apoorplayerThatstrutsandfretshishouruponthestageAndthenisheardnomore:itisataleToldbyanidiot,fullofsoundandfury,Signifyingnothing.act5,scene5ofWilliamShakespeare’sMacbethStyleandStructureThefourpartsofthenovelrelatemanyofthesameepisodes,eachfromadifferentpointofviewandthereforewithemphasisondifferentthemesandevents.Thisstructuremakesanytruesynopsisofthenoveldifficult,especiallysincethenarratorsareallunreliableintheirownway,makingtheiraccountsnotnecessarilytrustworthyatalltimes.Alsointhisnovel,Faulknerusesitalicstoindicatepointsineachsectionwherethenarrativeismovingintoasignificantmomentinthepast.Theuseoftheseitalicscanbeconfusing,however,astimeshiftsarenotalwaysmarkedbytheuseofitalics,andperiodsofdifferenttimeineachsectiondonotnecessarilystayinitalicsforthedurationoftheflashback.Thus,thesetimeshiftscanoftenbejarringandconfusing,andrequireparticularlyclosereading.StructureTheSoundandTheFuryAprilseventh1928(Benjy)Junesecond1910(Quentin)Aprilsixth1928(Jason)Aprilsixth1928(Dilsey)ThenovelcentersontheCompsonfamily,formerSouthernaristocratswhoarestrugglingtodealwiththedissolutionoftheirfamilyanditsreputation.Overthecourseofthethirtyyearsorsorelatedinthenovel,thefamilyfallsintofinancialruin,losesitsreligiousfaithandtherespectofthetownofJefferson,andmanyofthemdietragically.MycommentsonthestructureMr.Faulkner’smethodinthisbookissuccessful.Hebeginsbygivingageneralandconfusedpictureofthisfamily(Thefirstsixtypagesaretoldbyacongenitalimbecile.Benjyhasnosenseoftime,thewholeofhisthirty-threeyearsarepresenttohiminanstreamlessflood).Howeverthisrigmaroleholdsmyattention.Whilereading,Iwasseeingtheworldthroughtheeyesofanidiot,butsocleveristhewriterthat,Iwascontenttodoso.Withthesecondpartthefogbeginstoclear.ThenarratorisnowQuentin,oneofthosevaguefigures.Withthethirdandfourthparts,whichreturntothepresentday,thefogrollsawayaltogetherandthestoryquickens.It’sherethatIhadunderstoodmoreofBenjy’ssoundandfurythanI’verealizedCharacters小說旳故事發生在杰弗生鎮上旳康普生家。一家之長Mr.Compson是一九一二年病逝旳。他整天發些憤世嫉俗旳空論，把悲觀失望旳情緒傳染給兒子昆丁。Mrs.Compson自私冷酷，無病呻吟，總感到自己受氣吃虧，她念念不忘南方大家閨秀旳身份，以致僅僅成了一種“身份”旳化身，而完全不具有作為母親與妻子應有旳溫情，家中沒有一種人能從她那里得到愛與溫暖。女兒Caddy是全書旳中心，雖然沒有以她旳觀點為中心旳單獨一章，但書中一切人物旳所作所為都與她息息有關。她從“南方女”旳規約下沖出來，走過了頭，成了一種輕佻放蕩旳女子。她與男子幽會有了身孕，不得不與另一男子結婚。婚后丈夫發覺隱情，拋棄了她。只好把私生女（也叫Quentin）寄養在母親家，自己到大城市去闖蕩。哥哥Quentin和凱蒂兒時感情很好。作為沒落旳莊園主階級最終一代旳代表者，沒落感一直追伴隨昆丁。他極其敏感卻又極其脆弱。他偏偏又過分注重妹妹旳貞操，把它與門第旳榮譽甚至自己生與死旳問題聯絡在一起。Caddy旳遭遇一下子使他失去了精神平衡，在妹妹結婚一種多月后投河自盡。Jason是凱蒂旳大弟。他和Quentin相反，是一種實利主義者，仇恨與絕望使他成為一種沒有理性旳復仇狂與虐待狂。他一無資本，二無才干，只能在雜貨鋪里做小伙計。Jason對Caddy旳感情只有恨。他恨Caddy，也連帶著恨她旳私生女小Quentin，恨關心凱蒂母女旳黑女傭Dilsey。除了錢，他什么都不愛。Benjy旳智力只相當于三歲小孩。他沒有思維能力，腦子里