無錫市2024年秋學期高二期終教學質量調研測試英語注意事項及說明：1.試卷共150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答案一律寫在答題卡上。考試結束時，上交答題卡。第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Inacafé.B.Inamuseum.C.Inthegym.2.Whatisthewomangoodat?A.Sellingbooks.B.Tellingstories.C.Drawingpictures.3.Whatdidthewomandislikeaboutthemovie?A.Themusic.B.Theactors.C.Theplot.4.Whenwillthetwospeakersmeettonight?A.At7:00p.m.B.At7:30p.m.C.At8:00p.m.5.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Toofferaninvitation.B.Toexpressherregret.C.Toputoffaclass.第二節（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatmusicalinstrumentcanEinsteinplay?A.Theviolin.B.Theguitar.C.Thepiano.7.Howdosomescientistsrelaxthemselveswhentheyfeelstressed?A.Bydoingresearchwork.B.Byhavingagoodsleep.C.Byturningtosportsormusic.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Husbandandwife.C.Teacherandstudent.9.Whoisgoingtosweepthefloor?A.Dad.B.Tom.C.Therobotcleaner.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.HowoftendoesSusangoswimming?A.Everyday.B.Onceaweek.C.Twiceaweek.11.WhatexercisedoesSusanlikebest?A.Running.B.Cycling.C.Swimming.12.Wherewilltheymeettonight?A.Attheschoolgate.B.Atthegymgate.C.Attheparkgate.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhyisDorothygoingtoEurope?A.Toattendtraining.B.Toconductresearch.C.Totakeavacation.14.HowlongwillDorothystayinEurope?A.Afewdays.B.Twoweeks.C.Threemonths.15.WhatdoesDorothythinkofherapartment?A.Expensive.B.Satisfying.C.Inconvenient.16.WhatwillJimprobablydo?A.Renttheapartment.B.Buytheapartment.C.Decoratetheapartment.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeaker?A.Anewsannouncer.B.Atourguide.C.Afactoryworker.18.Wherecanpeoplebuyaguidebookinthemuseum?A.Initsworkshop.B.Initsgiftshop.C.Initscarpark.19.Whatisusedasacafénow?A.Theengineroom.B.Thegarden.C.Thestonebuilding.20.Whatisthespeakerintroducing?A.Ariver.B.Amuseum.C.Acarpark.第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWenchang,Hainanprovince,isfamousforitsrichcultureanduniquetropicalislandscenery.Aseriesofspacecraftlauncheshavemadethecoastalcityahitamongtouristsoverthepastfiveyears.Itwillsoonbeinthespotlight(聚光燈)againafterthescheduleforanewmissionwasofficiallyreleased,surelyexcitingnewsforspacefansoneandall.BelowaresometipsforspacefanseagertotourtheWenchangregion.TransportationVisitorsfromoutsideHainancanarriveatHaikouMeilanInternationalAirport,oratSanyaPhoenixInternationalAirportatthesoutherntipofHainanisland,andthentransfer(轉乘)toWenchangviaahighspeedlooprailway,theonlyonethatcirclesatropicalislandintheworld.IttakesbullettrainsleavingMeilan,Haikouonly17minutestoreachWenchangstationwhileabullettrainfromSanyaPhoenixtakesjustoveronehour.Localtravelagenciesoperatetourismroutesthattakevisitorstoofficiallyappointedviewingpointsandothernaturalandculturalattractions.Visitorsalsohavetheoptiontoturntoappplatformstorentvehiclestodrivetothespacelaunchsiteandothertouristdestinationsonthetropicalisland.BestlaunchviewsTherearenumeroussitesandmeanstowatchspacelaunchesinWenchang—onitsbeautifulsprawlingbeaches,inpaddyfields,onroofsofhomestaysorjustinsideroomsofseasidehotels.However,frequentvisitorssaythatsitesaroundQishuiBay,whichisthreekilometersfromthelaunchcenter,areknownforofferingthemostimpressiveviews.1.Whyisthehighspeedlooprailwaymentionedinparagraph2?A.ToprovethepopularityofthecityofWenchang.B.TostressthehistoryofWenchang’stransportation.C.Togivethereasonfortheincreasingnumberoftourists.D.ToshowtheuniquenessofHainan’stransportationsystem.2.WhatcanbeinferredfromthetextaboutQishuiBay?A.ItisanewtouristattractioninWenchang.B.Itistheclosestplacetothelaunchcenter.C.Itoffersthebetterlaunchviewsthanotherplaces.DItbeesthemostpopulartouristdestinationinWenchang.3.Whomightbemostinterestedinthetext?A.Spacefans. B.Adventurelovers. C.Newsreporters. D.Travelagents.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文，介紹了文昌因航天發射而吸引游客，還為想去文昌旅游的太空愛好者提供了一些旅游小貼士，包括交通和最佳觀看發射地點等。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段“VisitorsfromoutsideHainancanarriveatHaikouMeilanInternationalAirport,oratSanyaPhoenixInternationalAirportatthesoutherntipofHainanisland,andthentransfertoWenchangviaahighspeedlooprailway,theonlyonethatcirclesatropicalislandintheworld.(來自海南以外的游客可以到達海口美蘭國際機場，或海南島最南端的三亞鳳凰國際機場，然后通過高速環島鐵路轉乘到文昌，這是世界上唯一一條環繞熱帶島嶼的高速鐵路。)”可知，第二段提到高速環島鐵路是為了展示海南交通系統的獨特性，它是世界上唯一一條環繞熱帶島嶼的高速鐵路。故選D項。【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“However,frequentvisitorssaythatsitesaroundQishuiBay,whichisthreekilometersfromthelaunchcenter,areknownforofferingthemostimpressiveviews.(然而，經常來訪的游客說，距離發射中心3公里的淇水灣周圍的景點以提供最令人印象深刻的景色而聞名。)”可知，從文中可以推斷出關于淇水灣的是它比其他地方提供了更好的發射景觀。故選C項。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Itwillsoonbeinthespotlightagainafterthescheduleforanewmissionwasofficiallyreleased,surelyexcitingnewsforspacefansoneandall.BelowaresometipsforspacefanseagertotourtheWenchangregion.(在新的任務時間表正式發布后，它將再次成為焦點，這對所有太空迷來說無疑是個令人興奮的消息。以下是一些渴望游覽文昌地區的太空迷的一些建議。)”可知，文章主要是給太空迷一些游覽文昌地區的建議，所以太空迷可能對這篇文章最感興趣。故選A項。BShanghai’s11yearoldsailor,YangJixin,hasmadeanotableentryinthesailingrecordsbypletingthe2024RizhaoQingdaoIslandHoppingRace,navigating(橫渡)66nauticalmiles,around77milesintheocean.Yangalsosetanewbenchmark(基準)bybeingtheyoungestChineseyouthtopletesuchalongvoyage.Therace,whichstartedonAug.10fromtheRizhaoWorldSailingBaseandendedattheBeijingOlympicSailingTrainingBaseinQingdaoonAug.13,presentedaseriesofchallengesoveritsfourdaysailing.Yang,theyoungestnationalrecordholderforkayaking(皮艇運動)acrosstheQiongzhouStrait,demonstratedhertoughnessandsailingacumen(敏銳)amongthehotandwetweather,periodsofcalm,headwinds,andtheplexinterference(干擾)ofwaves.Theorganizerstookcarefulstepstoensurethesafetyofsailors,carryingoutmeasuressuchasmaritimerescue,medicalsupport,andnavigationmonitoringthroughouttheevent.UponherarrivalattheSilverSeaYachtMarinainQingdao,Yangwasweledbyseveralfiguresfromthesailingmunity,includingDaiZhiqiang,aformermemberoftheChineseOlympicmittee,ViceChairmanoftheChinaYachtingAssociation,andPrincipaloftheNationalSailingSchool.Theirpresencerecognizedthesignificanceofhersuccess.DaigreetedYangwithacongratulatorysmileandrangthebellinherhonor,atraditionalmarkofasuccessfulsailingjourney.HisactionsreflectedtheencouragementandsupportfortheupandinggenerationofsailorsthatYangrepresents.Yang’sachievementismorethanapersonalsuccess.It’saninspirationforyoungsailorsandithighlightsthepotentialforfuturedevelopmentsinthesportofsailing.BysettinganewrecordfortheyoungestChineseyouthinlongdistancesailing,shehasopeneddoorsforotherstofollowandhasshownthatageisnobarriertoambitionandskill.Herjourneyacrossthewaveswillundoubtedlyencourageotherstomaptheircourses,andtorisetothechallengesthatliebeyondtheknownshores.4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeYangJixin?A.Determinedandskilled. B.Generousandconfident.C.Helpfulandsuccessful. D.Adventurousandhonest.5.WhyweresomefamousfigurespresentwhenYangreachedtheSilverSeaYachtMarina?A.Tofollowherexample. B.Tocelebrateherachievement.C.Tofacechallengeswithher. D.Toofferherfurtherguidance.6.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Yang’ssuggestions. B.Yang’spotential.C.Yang’sambitions. D.Yang’sinfluences.7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.The2024RizhaoQingdaoIslandHoppingRace B.AYoungSailor’sInspiringAdventureC.11yearoldSailorBravingtheSea D.SailingChallengesTestingCourage【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了11歲的上海帆船運動員楊霽欣完成了2024日照青島跳島賽，創造了新的記錄，她的成就不僅是個人的成功，還激勵著年輕帆船運動員，對帆船運動的未來發展有著積極意義。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第二段“Yang,theyoungestnationalrecordholderforkayaking(皮艇運動)acrosstheQiongzhouStrait,demonstratedhertoughnessandsailingacumen(敏銳)amongthehotandwetweather,periodsofcalm,headwinds,andtheplexinterference(干擾)ofwaves.(楊是穿越瓊州海峽皮劃艇項目最年輕的全國紀錄保持者，在炎熱潮濕的天氣、平靜期、逆風以及復雜的海浪干擾中展示了她的堅韌和航海敏銳性)”可知，楊霽欣在航海過程中面對諸多困難，展現出堅韌不拔的毅力和嫻熟的航海技能，可推斷出她是堅定且有技能的，故選A項。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第四段“UponherarrivalattheSilverSeaYachtMarinainQingdao,Yangwasweledbyseveralfiguresfromthesailingmunity,includingDaiZhiqiang,aformermemberoftheChineseOlympicmittee,ViceChairmanoftheChinaYachtingAssociation,andPrincipaloftheNationalSailingSchool.Theirpresencerecognizedthesignificanceofhersuccess.(當她到達青島銀海游艇碼頭時，受到了帆船界幾位人士的歡迎，包括中國奧委會前委員、中國帆船帆板運動協會副主席、國家帆船學校校長戴志強等。他們的出現是對她成功的認可)”可知，一些著名人物出現在楊霽欣到達的銀海游艇碼頭是為了慶祝她的成就，故選B項。【6題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章最后一段“Yang’sachievementismorethanapersonalsuccess.It’saninspirationforyoungsailorsandithighlightsthepotentialforfuturedevelopmentsinthesportofsailing.BysettinganewrecordfortheyoungestChineseyouthinlongdistancesailing,shehasopeneddoorsforotherstofollowandhasshownthatageisnobarriertoambitionandskill.Herjourneyacrossthewaveswillundoubtedlyencourageotherstomaptheircourses,andtorisetothechallengesthatliebeyondtheknownshores.(楊的成就不僅僅是個人的成功。這對年輕的帆船運動員來說是一種激勵，也凸顯了帆船運動未來發展的潛力。通過創造中國最年輕青少年長途帆船航海的新紀錄，她為其他人開辟了道路，表明年齡不是雄心和技能的障礙。她的航海之旅無疑將鼓勵其他人規劃自己的航線，并迎接已知海岸之外的挑戰)”可知楊霽欣的成就將鼓勵其他人規劃自己的航線，并迎接已知海岸之外的挑戰，可推理出該段主要講述了楊霽欣的成就所帶來的影響，故選D項。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第一段“Shanghai’s11yearoldsailor,YangJixin,hasmadeanotableentryinthesailingrecordsbypletingthe2024RizhaoQingdaoIslandHoppingRace,navigating(橫渡)66nauticalmiles,around77milesintheocean.Yangalsosetanewbenchmark(基準)bybeingtheyoungestChineseyouthtopletesuchalongvoyage(上海11歲小水手楊霽歆在航海史上寫下濃墨重彩的一筆，她完成了2024年日照到青島的海島跳島賽，航行了66海里，大約海上77英里。楊霽歆還創造了新的紀錄，成為完成如此長航程最年輕的中國青年)”、第四段“UponherarrivalattheSilverSeaYachtMarinainQingdao,Yangwasweledbyseveralfiguresfromthesailingmunity,includingDaiZhiqiang,aformermemberoftheChineseOlympicmittee,ViceChairmanoftheChinaYachtingAssociation,andPrincipaloftheNationalSailingSchool.Theirpresencerecognizedthesignificanceofhersuccess(當她抵達青島的銀色海洋游艇碼頭時，楊受到了來自航海界的幾位知名人士的歡迎，包括戴志強——他曾是中國奧委會的成員、中國帆協副主席以及國家帆船學校的校長。他們的到來體現了對她這一成就的認可)”以及最后一段“Yang’sachievementismorethanapersonalsuccess.It’saninspirationforyoungsailorsandithighlightsthepotentialforfuturedevelopmentsinthesportofsailing.BysettinganewrecordfortheyoungestChineseyouthinlongdistancesailing,shehasopeneddoorsforotherstofollowandhasshownthatageisnobarriertoambitionandskill.Herjourneyacrossthewaveswillundoubtedlyencourageotherstomaptheircourses,andtorisetothechallengesthatliebeyondtheknownshores.(楊的成就不僅僅是個人的成功。這對年輕的帆船運動員來說是一種激勵，也凸顯了帆船運動未來發展的潛力。通過創造中國最年輕青少年長途帆船航海的新紀錄，她為其他人開辟了道路，表明年齡不是雄心和技能的障礙。她的航海之旅無疑將鼓勵其他人規劃自己的航線，并迎接已知海岸之外的挑戰)”可知，文章主要講述了11歲的楊霽欣完成了2024日照青島跳島賽，創造了新的記錄并產生積極影響，這是一次鼓舞人心的冒險經歷，B項“AYoungSailor’sInspiringAdventure(一位年輕帆船運動員鼓舞人心的冒險)”能夠概括文章主旨，故選B項。CNewstudentsatEton,startingtheschoolyearinSeptember,arenotallowedtotakesmartphoneswiththem.Instead,theywilleachbegivena“dumb”NokiaphonethatisunabletoaccesstheInternetandonlyallowscallsandtexts.StudentsmightblamethepsychologistJonathanHaidt,whopopularisedtheideathatsmartphonesareresponsibleforrisingratesofmentalhealthproblemsamongyoungpeople.Teachersatnearlytwothirdsofsecondaryschoolsnowsaytheyhaverulesthatpreventstudentsfromusingtheirphonesduringtheday.Butistherereallyanythingwrongwithspendingabitoftimewatchingvideosonsocialmedia?Ortakingyourphoneoutwhileyou’reinthesupermarketqueuetoseefunnynews?Wemightneedmeaningandpurposeandpsychologicalrichnessinourlives,butsurelyweneedabitofpleasuretoo.AstudypublishedinAprilinPLoSOnefoundthatspending20minutesonsocialmediaorwatchingvideosonYouTubenotonlycontributedtononegativestressresponse,butwasassociatedwithadecreaseinbothheartrateandcortisol(皮質醇).Whatwegetwrongisthinkingthatwearerelaxingjustbecausescrolling(瀏覽)mindlesslythroughsocialmediaisunproductiveandfeelslike“timeout”.Thereisasignificantdifferencebetweendoingthingslikebeingwithourlovedones,spendingtimeinnature,orreadingagreatbookandemotionalnumbing(麻木).AsthepsychiatristAnnaLembkearguesinherbookDopamineNation,byendlesslyseekingpleasureandstimulationfromoursmartphone—whichshedescribesasthe“moderndayhypodermic(皮下注射)needle”—webeeaddictedtosuchstimulation,andfindithardertofindjoyinotherlessimmediatethings.Butalso,byneverputtingourphonesdownandnevergivingourselvesabreakfromendlessstimulation,wearenotabletogointothekindofquietbrainstatethatallowsmindwandering,creativityanddeepreflection.Asweallknow,ifyouarenotpayingforit,thenyouaretheproduct,andbusinessmeninthemarketplaceofattentionareconstantlyadjustingthewaysinwhichtheyoccupyourbrainspace.Wemustlearntogetmorecreativeandintentionalaboutthewayswechoosetorelaxourselvesandperhaps,even,toenjoysomegoodoldfashionedboredom.8.WhyistheschoolEtonmentionedinparagraph1?A.Toraiseadoubt. B.Toexplainaphenomenon.C.Tointroduceatopic. D.Tolaunchacampaign.9.WhatdoesthestudypublishedinAprilinPLoSOnesuggest?A.Constantuseofsocialmediaisbeneficialtohealth.B.Properuseofsocialmediacanreducestress.C.WatchingYouTubevideosincreasesheartrate.D.Spendingtimeonsocialmediahaslittleeffectonpeople.10.WhydoesAnnaLembkedescribethesmartphoneasthe“moderndayhypodermicneedle”?A.Becausesmartphonescanbringnewenergy.B.Becausepeoplerelytoomuchonsmartphones.C.Becausesmartphonesmightrelievepainquickly.D.Becausepeoplewillgetmedicalhelpfromsmartphones.11.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Weshouldpayforusingsmartphones. B.Businessmenoftencontrolourthinking.C.Boredomisunacceptableinmodernlife. D.Weshouldchooseourrelaxingwayswisely.【答案】8.C9.B10.B11.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章首先提及伊頓學校禁止新生帶智能入學，轉而提供“啞”諾基亞，接著討論了智能對年輕人心理健康的影響，指出過度使用智能可能導致的成癮問題，以及持續刺激對大腦創造力的負面影響。最后，文章強調了學會明智選擇放松方式的重要性。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段“NewstudentsatEton,startingtheschoolyearinSeptember,arenotallowedtotakesmartphoneswiththem.Instead,theywilleachbegivena“dumb”NokiaphonethatisunabletoaccesstheInternetandonlyallowscallsandtexts.(伊頓公學9月份開學的新生是不允許隨身攜帶智能的。取而代之的是，他們每人將得到一部不能上網，只能打和發短信的“啞巴”諾基亞)”可知，第一段提到了伊頓公學是為了引入一個話題。故選C。【9題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段“AstudypublishedinAprilinPLoSOnefoundthatspending20minutesonsocialmediaorwatchingvideosonYouTubenotonlycontributedtononegativestressresponse,butwasassociatedwithadecreaseinbothheartrateandcortisol(皮質醇).(今年4月發表在PLoSOne上的一項研究發現，花20分鐘在社交媒體上或在YouTube上看視頻不僅不會產生負面的壓力反應，而且還能降低心率和皮質醇)”可知，4月份發表在PLoSOne上的這項研究表明正確使用社交媒體可以減輕壓力。故選B。【10題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段“AsthepsychiatristAnnaLembkearguesinherbookDopamineNation,byendlesslyseekingpleasureandstimulationfromoursmartphone—whichshedescribesasthe“moderndayhypodermic(皮下注射)needle”—webeeaddictedtosuchstimulation,andfindithardertofindjoyinotherlessimmediatethings.(正如精神病學家安娜·萊姆克在她的書《多巴胺國度》中所說，通過不斷地從我們的智能中尋求快樂和刺激——她將其描述為“現代的皮下注射針”——我們對這種刺激上癮，并且發現很難在其他不那么直接的事情中找到快樂)”可知，AnnaLembke將智能描述為“現代的皮下注射針”是因為人們太依賴智能了。故選B。【11題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段“Asweallknow,ifyouarenotpayingforit,thenyouaretheproduct,andbusinessmeninthemarketplaceofattentionareconstantlyadjustingthewaysinwhichtheyoccupyourbrainspace.Wemustlearntogetmorecreativeandintentionalaboutthewayswechoosetorelaxourselvesandperhaps,even,toenjoysomegoodoldfashionedboredom.(我們都知道，如果你不付錢，那么你就是產品，注意力市場上的商人們不斷調整他們占據我們大腦空間的方式。我們必須學會在選擇放松自己的方式時更有創意，更有意識，甚至可以享受一些老式的無聊)”可知，我們應該明智地選擇放松的方式。故選D。DWhetheryoushopforfoodinatraditionalgrocerystoreorabigboxstore,mostofyouroptionsarejunkfoods.Termsonfoodpackaginglike“lowfat,”“glutenfree,”“ketofriendly”and“agoodsourceoffiber”don’tanswerthefundamentalquestion:Isthisfoodgoodforme?Thereislittlereliableguidanceavailableforpeoplewhodon’thavethetime,patienceorskilltoanalyzethenutritionlabels(標簽).Butwhatwereallyneedisabold(大膽的)movethatwouldbetopreventpeoplefromfoodthat’sbadforthem:awarningsignthatahighsugarsodaorbreakfastcerealproduct,forexample,isanunhealthychoice.Chile,Mexico,Brazilanddozensofothercountrieshaveworkedtochangefoodlabeling.Researchhassuggestedthattheselabelscanhelppeopleunderstandnutritionalqualityandchangetheirpurchasinghabits.Finally,thegoalofthelabelsistoimprovenutritionandreducetheconsumptionofoverprocessedfoods.AfterChileadoptedseveralrulesin2016,researchersfoundthattheconsumptionofdrinkshighinsugarandsodiumdeclinedbynearly25percent.InUruguayasurveypublishedin2020assessingtheearlyeffectsofnutritionalwarningsfoundthat58percentofparticipantswhonoticedthewarningchangedtheirdecisionsaboutbuyingaproduct.Ofthosewhochangedtheirdecisions,17percentsaidtheychoseasimilarproductwithfewerwarnings,and18percentdecidednottobuyasimilarproductatall.IntheUnitedStates,newlabelinglawswillbemuchmorechallengingtotakeeffect.Asyoumightexpect,foodproducerswillsurelytrytostopwarninglabelsfrombeingrequired.Theyarearguingthattheseplanswouldbecostlyandthatthosecostswouldbepassedontoconsumers.ButresearchconductedsoonafterChile’sfoodlabelingandadvertisinglawpassedshowednoeffectsontotalemploymentandnegligibleeffectsonwages(工資)andprofit,evenasconsumerconsumptionofunhealthyfoodsdeclined.Tobeclear,thisisjustoneofmanystepstowardprovidingallAmericanswithahealthydiet.Butknowablefrontofpackagelabelingisoneofthebestlevers(杠桿)availabletopolicymakers,anditisalreadyworkingelsewhere.Itcanworkhere,too.12.Whatdoesparagraph1focuson?A.Thedoubtaboutnutrition. B.Theproblemwithlabels.C.Thedoubtaboutpackage. D.Theproblemwithfood.13.WhatdotheexamplesofChileandUruguayshow?A.Warninglabelscaneffectivelychangepeople’sbuyingbehavior.B.Peopleinthetwocountrieshavebetternutritionawareness.C.Foodproducersthereworkwellwiththegovernment.D.Theconsumptionofoverprocessedfoodshasbeenstopped.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“negligible”meaninparagraph5?A.Obvious. B.Lasting. C.Insignificant. D.Huge.15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsadoptingwarninglabelsintheUnitedStates?A.Unclear. B.Opposing. C.Doubtful. D.Supportive.【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章指出消費者當下購買的食物多為垃圾食品，包裝標簽難以幫助他們判斷食物好壞，智利等多國改變食品標簽且取得成效，美國實施新標簽法遇阻，但有研究表明其負面影響小，應該推行這種措施。【12題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第一段“Whetheryoushopforfoodinatraditionalgrocerystoreorabigboxstore,mostofyouroptionsarejunkfoods.Termsonfoodpackaginglike“lowfat,”“glutenfree,”“ketofriendly”and“agoodsourceoffiber”don’tanswerthefundamentalquestion:Isthisfoodgoodforme?Thereislittlereliableguidanceavailableforpeoplewhodon’thavethetime,patienceorskilltoanalyzethenutritionlabels(標簽).(無論你是在傳統的雜貨店還是大型商店購買食品，你選擇的大部分都是垃圾食品。食品包裝上的“低脂肪”、“無麩質”、“適合生酮飲食”和“富含纖維”等字眼并沒有回答一個基本問題：這種食物對我有好處嗎？對于那些沒有時間、耐心或技能來分析營養標簽的人來說，幾乎沒有可靠的指導。)”可知，本段指出食品標簽不能有效幫助消費者判斷食物是否有益這一問題，強調的是食品標簽存在的問題。故選B項。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段“AfterChileadoptedseveralrulesin2016,researchersfoundthattheconsumptionofdrinkshighinsugarandsodiumdeclinedbynearly25percent.InUruguayasurveypublishedin2020assessingtheearlyeffectsofnutritionalwarningsfoundthat58percentofparticipantswhonoticedthewarningchangedtheirdecisionsaboutbuyingaproduct.Ofthosewhochangedtheirdecisions,17percentsaidtheychoseasimilarproductwithfewerwarnings,and18percentdecidednottobuyasimilarproductatall.(智利在2016年通過了幾項規定后，研究人員發現，高糖和高鈉飲料的消費量下降了近25%。在烏拉圭，2020年發布的一項評估營養警告早期影響的調查發現，58%注意到警告的參與者改變了購買產品的決定。在那些改變了決定的人中，17%的人說他們選擇了警告更少的類似產品，18%的人決定根本不買類似的產品。)”可推知，這些具體的數據和例子表明，食品上的警告標簽能夠切實有效地影響人們在購物時的選擇，從而改變他們的購買行為。故選A項。【14題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據畫線詞的上文“Theyarearguingthattheseplanswouldbecostlyandthatthosecostswouldbepassedontoconsumers.ButresearchconductedsoonafterChile’sfoodlabelingandadvertisinglawpassedshowednoeffectsontotalemployment(他們認為，這些計劃成本高昂，而且這些成本將轉嫁給消費者。但在智利食品標簽和廣告法通過后不久進行的研究顯示，對總就業沒有影響)”和下文“evenasconsumerconsumptionofunhealthyfoodsdeclined(盡管消費者對不健康食品的消費有所下降)”可知，這里有轉折，雖然食品生產商反對警告標簽，認為這成本高且成本會轉嫁給消費者，但實際上影響不大，對工資和利潤影響應該是“微不足道的，不值一提的”，畫線詞意思與insignificant“微不足道的，不顯著的”接近。故選C項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。作者在文中列舉了其他國家實施食品警告標簽取得的積極效果，并在最后一段中“Butknowablefrontofpackagelabelingisoneofthebestlevers(杠桿)availabletopolicymakers,anditisalreadyworkingelsewhere.Itcanworkhere,too.(但是，包裝正面可見的標簽是政策制定者可用的最佳杠桿之一，而且它已經在其他地方發揮作用。這在這里也行得通。)”指出這一舉措在美國應該也是可行的。由此可知，作者對在美國采用警告標簽持支持態度。故選D項。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whenitestotravellingabroad,manypeoplechooseagrouptourtogetthemostoutoftheirholiday.____16____Thankfully,travelexpertDilvinYasahassharedtipsforthat.Budgetaccordingly.Whenplanningyourgrouptour,budgetingisanimportantfactor,asthesetripsarerarelyallinclusive(包含一切的).____17____Extracostsonagrouptourcouldincludemeals,attractionsandadditionalactivities,sopleasefactorpotentialcostsin.____18____Yasaadvisedagainstskippingbetweendifferentdestinations,asstricttimelimitscouldpreventyoufromparticipatinginbacktobacktours.“Ifthedistancesortimebetweendestinationsarenotlisted,turntoGoogleMapstoknowhowlongyou’reexpectedtobeontheroad.”Don’tarriveatthelastminute.Ifyou’reinagrouptour,don’tleavehomeuntilthedaywhenthetoursetsoff.“Theworstismissingaconnectingflightorexperiencingdelays.____19____”Yasasaid.“Remembertoarrivethedaybeforeattheverylatestandgiveyourselfalittleextrafreetimeatthetailend.”Keepsomecashonhand.Whilemostofyourtourshouldalreadybepaidforbeforeyoustart,youshouldalwayspreparesomecash.Especiallywhentravellingtomoreremotelocations,orvisitingsmallerfoodstandsormarkets,youshouldn’tassumeeverywherewilltakecardpayments.Yasasaid,“____20____”A.Knowyourgeography.B.Trytoattendeverytrip.C.It’sagoodchoicetoexchangegoods.D.It’sbettertohavesomecashonyouatalltimes.E.Youmaymissthefirstortwoofthetouryou’vepaidfor.F.Addupalltheextracostsuntilyouarriveatyourrealfigure.G.However,therearealwaysthingstohandlebeforebookingyourtrip.【答案】16.G17.F18.A19.E20.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在預定出國跟團游之前應該準備的一些事務。【16題詳解】前文“Whenitestotravellingabroad,manypeoplechooseagrouptourtogetthemostoutoftheirholiday.(說到出國旅游，許多人選擇跟團旅游來最大限度地利用他們的假期)”提到出國旅游時很多人選擇跟團旅游，表明這樣有充分利用假期的好處，后文“Thankfully,travelexpertDilvinYasahassharedtipsforthat.(值得慶幸的是，旅游專家DilvinYasa分享了這方面的建議)”提到一名旅游專家分享了建議，空處應該與跟團旅游存在的問題相關，因此G項“However,therearealwaysthingstohandlebeforebookingyourtrip.(然而，在預訂旅行之前，總有一些事情需要處理)”符合語境，指出預訂旅行前也有事務需處理，和前文構成轉折，引出后文的建議。故選G。【17題詳解】前文“Whenplanningyourgrouptour,budgetingisanimportantfactor,asthesetripsarerarelyallinclusive(包含一切的).(當計劃你的團體旅游時，預算是一個重要因素，因為這些旅行很少是全包的)”指出計劃團體旅游需考慮預算，后文“Extracostsonagrouptourcouldincludemeals,attractionsandadditionalactivities,sopleasefactorpotentialcostsin.(團體旅游的額外費用可能包括餐飲、景點和額外的活動，所以請考慮潛在的費用)”說明額外費用具體包括哪些，空處應該是建議計算預計的額外費用，因此F項“Addupalltheextracostsuntilyouarriveatyourrealfigure.(把所有額外費用加起來，直到你得出你的實際數字為止)”符合語境，承前啟后，其中的extracosts在后文有同詞復現。故選F。【18題詳解】后文“Yasaadvisedagainstskippingbetweendifferentdestinations,asstricttimelimitscouldpreventyoufromparticipatinginbacktobacktours.“Ifthedistancesortimebetweendestinationsarenotlisted,turntoGoogleMapstoknowhowlongyou’reexpectedtobeontheroad.”(Yasa建議不要在不同的目的地之間跳躍，因為嚴格的時間限制可能會阻止你參加一個接一個的旅行。“如果目的地之間的距離或時間沒有列出，請轉到谷歌地圖，了解你預計在路上的時間。”)”主要建議了解不同目的地之間的距離和通行時間，避免超出時間限制，空處是段落標題，應該是總的建議了解目的地的地理情況，且需和其他段落標題一樣使用祈使句的形式，因此A項“Knowyourgeography.(知道你的地理位置)”符合語境，契合后文內容。故選A。【19題詳解】前文“Theworstismissingaconnectingflightorexperiencingdelays.(最糟糕的情況是錯過轉機或遇到延誤)”提到錯過轉機或遇到延誤的糟糕情況，空處依舊是Yasa所說的話，應該與這些糟糕情況的后果有關，因此E項“Youmaymissthefirstortwoofthetouryou’vepaidfor.(你可能會錯過你已經付過錢的前一兩個行程)”符合語境，表明這樣會錯過行程，承接前文。故選E。【20題詳解】前文“Especiallywhentravellingtomoreremotelocations,orvisitingsmallerfoodstandsormarkets,youshouldn’tassumeeverywherewilltakecardpayments.(特別是當你去偏遠的地方旅行，或者去較小的小吃攤或市場時，你不應該認為所有地方都接受信用卡支付)”指出有些地方可能無法用信用卡支付，空處是Yasa所說的話，位于段末，應該是給出應對這種情況的建議：隨身攜帶現金，因此D項“It’sbettertohavesomecashonyouatalltimes.(隨身帶點現金比較好)”符合語境，承接前文。故選D。第三部分語言運用（共四節，滿分45分）第一節（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。In2011ourhomewassurroundedwithfloodwaters.Althoughwe’dbeenthroughmanyfloodsbefore,thistimethewaterwasmuchhigher.Wewatchedasthemuddywatercoveredour____21____beehives(蜂箱).Ican’texplainthedepthofour____22____.Therewasnothingwecoulddoforthem.MyhusbandandIheldeachotherandcriedaswewatchedtheheavybeehives____23____.Atfirst,our29henswere____24____inthehenhouselocatedonaslightrise.Butsuddenlyweheard____25____squawking(咯咯叫).Ourchickens____26____dangerasthefloodwatersroseclosetotheirhome.Theirsquawkingbecamevery____27____.Suddenlywesawasmalldinghy(救生艇)withtwostrangersrowingtowardsus.Thankstothem,thechickenswere____28____takentoourtractorshed(棚).Itwasclosetoegglayingtime,andtheshedwaswarmand____29____despite