Unit6SpaceandbeyondStartingout&UnderstandingideasBYMICHELLEStartingout01Howmuchdoyouknowaboutsolarsystem?theKuiperbelt水星金星火星地球木星土星天王星海王星??Watchthevideoandanswerthequestions.HowwastheSunformed?WherearetheAsteroidBeltandtheKuiperBeltinthesolarsystem?Whatelsedoyouknowaboutthesolarsystem?Sharewhatyouknowwiththeclass.HowwastheSunformed?First,enoughgasanddustpulledtogethertomakeadiscwheretheplanetsformed.Then,buildingpressureheatedupthecenterofthedisctoonemilliondegrees,andanuclearreactionbegan,whichformedtheSun.WherearetheAsteroidBeltandtheKuiperBeltinthesolarsystem?TheAsteroidBeltliesbetweenMarsandJupiter.TheKuiperBeltexistsjustbeyondtheorbitofNeptune.Whatelsedoyouknowaboutthesolarsystem?Sharewhatyouknowwiththeclass.Thesunisabigburningstar.Anditismadeupofhotgases.Eightplanetsmovearoundthesun.Togethertheplanetsandthesunarecalledthesolarsystem.Theearthisaspecialplanet.Itgetsheatandlightfromthesun.Itisjusttherightdistancefromthesun.Itisnottoohotortoocold.Lookatthetimelineandanswerthequestions.Whichofthesespacecrafthadahumanonboardwhenlaunched?WhataretherecenteventsinChina’sspaceprogramme?Addthemtothetimeline.WhatdoyouknowaboutChina’sfutureplansforspaceexploration?ShenzhouV.Forexample,onJuly4,2021,theShenzhou-12crewsuccessfullycompletedallthescheduledtasksduringtheexitactivity,whichlastedaboutsevenhours.WhatdoyouknowaboutthedevelopmentofChina’sspaceexploration?Fromitsfirstsatellite,Dongfanghong-1,allthewaytosoft-landingonthemoon’ssurface,China’saerospaceindustryhasmaderemarkableachievements.China’sAerospaceIndustryChinahasbeenanactivememberoftheInternationalSpaceExplorationCoordinationGroupsince2006.Thegroupisaninternationalforumsetupby14spaceagenciesbasedonmutualinterests,sharedtechnologiesandaimstoplanacommon,cohesiveroadmapintothefutureforallofmankind’sventuresintoouterspace.

Throughcooperation,Chinagivesalotofcountriesaniceopportunitytodevelopnewpartnershipstostayactiveinspaceexploration.ThebigdreamofgettingallnationsworkingtogetherinspaceisthatthecooperationwillextendbackdowntoEarth.Trustdevelopedthroughspaceco-explorationcanalsobeturnedtosolvingglobalproblemsliketheenvironment,pandemics,naturaldisastersandsomethingasscaryasarunawayasteroid.Understandingideas02TheCallof

theChallengerLeadinCompletethequizandfindouthowmuchyouknowaboutspaceexploration.Trytoguessifyouarenotsureoftheanswers.1ThefirstsatellitewaslaunchedbytheUSSRin_______.

a1945b1962

c19572Thefirstpersoninspacewas_______.

aRobertCrippen

bYuriGagarin

cNeilArmstrong3Thefirstpersontowalkinspacewas_______.

aAlexeiLeonovbWilliamMcCool

cYangLiwei4ThefirstspacestationwasSalyut1,whichwaslaunchedby_______.

atheUSAbtheUSSRctheEuropeanSpaceAgency5Thefirstspacecrafttoleavethesolarsystemwas_______.

a

Vostok1b

Discovery

c

Voyager11ThefirstsatellitewaslaunchedbytheUSSRin_______.

a1945b1962

c19572Thefirstpersoninspacewas_______.

aRobertCrippen

bYuriGagarincNeilArmstrong尤里·阿列克謝耶維奇·加加林（俄文：ЮрийАлексеевичГагарин，英文：YuriAlekseyevichGagarin，1934年3月9日-1968年3月27日），蘇聯(lián)航天員，蘇聯(lián)英雄，蘇聯(lián)紅軍上校飛行員，是第一個進入太空的人，也是第一個從太空中看到地球全貌的人。3Thefirstpersontowalkinspacewas_______.

aAlexeiLeonovbWilliamMcCool

cYangLiwei人類首先太空行走由蘇聯(lián)完成，1965年3月18日，蘇聯(lián)宇航員阿列克謝·阿爾希波維奇·列昂諾夫(ALEXEILEONOV)完成了人類太空史上的壯舉——太空行走，成為太空行走第一人。4ThefirstspacestationwasSalyut1,whichwaslaunchedby____.

atheUSAbtheUSSRctheEuropeanSpaceAgency1971年4月，前蘇聯(lián)發(fā)射了世界上第一個空間站，取名“禮炮1號”。它重約18噸，長約14米，最大直徑4.2米，飛行軌道近地點219公里，遠地點275公里，傾角51.6°?！岸Y炮號”由軌道艙、對接艙和服務(wù)艙三大部分組成。5Thefirstspacecrafttoleavethesolarsystemwas_______.

a

Vostok1b

Discovery

c

Voyager1北京時間2014年9月13日凌晨2點，美國國家航空航天局(NASA)召開新聞發(fā)布會，宣布37年前發(fā)射的“旅行者一號”探測器已經(jīng)離開太陽系，正在飛向別的恒星?！奥眯姓咭惶枴蓖瑫r也是首個沖出太陽系的人類制造的飛行器，在人類的航空航天史上成為一座極具紀(jì)念意義的追銷里程碑。Pre-readingLookatthetitleofthepassageandthepictures.Predictwhatthepassageisabout.ThepassagemainlytalksaboutthelossofChallengerandthehumanity’sgreatestjourneyofexplorationanddiscovery.Nowreadthepassageandcheckyourprediction.While-readingReadformainideaofeachparagraph.Para.1Para.2Para.3Para.4Para.5Para.6Spacetravelbecameunexceptionaltothepublic.Astudent’smemoryoftheexplosionoftheChallenger.Armstrong’sfirstMoonlanding.ThedisastrousspaceaccidentoftheChallenger.Thespaceshuttleprogrammeafterthedisaster.Thesignificanceofthedisastertothespaceexploration.Armstrong’sfirstmoonlanding.Para.1NameTimeAstronautsDescriptionsApollo

1120July1969NeilArmstrongandtwoothersThefirstlandingontheMoon.

saidthefamouswords“That’sonesmallstepforman,onegiantleapformankind.”“Whathadoncebeenconsidered

impossiblehadnowbeenachieved.”(

clause)Thefirstlunarlanding.NeilArmstrongSubjectiveSpacetravelbecameunexceptionaltothepublicaftertheMoonlandings.Para.2NameTimeAstronautsDescriptionsChallenger28January1986ChristaMcAuliffeandsixothersItwasspecial.ChristaMcAuliffeaged_______anordinary_________________wasabouttobecome_____________inspace37teacherandmotherthefirstcivilianPlanstwo15-minutelessonsaboutspacecraftand________the_________ofthespaceprogrammegravityobjectives

ThedisastrousspaceaccidentoftheChallenger.Para.3Canyoufindoutsomenounsdescribingpeople’sfeelingsbeforeandaftertheChallengerdisaster?ExcitementTerrorOptimismFailureAstudent’smemoryoftheexplosionoftheChallenger.Para.4ThespaceshuttleprogrammeafterthedisasterPara.5Spaceshuttleflightsweresuspendedfornearly________years.Thecauseofthedisasterwasinvestigated.Someoftheshuttle’s___________wereredesigned.Effectsthree

components

:ustojointheminhumanity’sgreatestjourneyofexplorationanddiscovery.:usthatwemustcontinuetoreachforthestars,nomatterhowdistanttheymightseem.ThesignificanceofthedisastertothespaceexplorationPara.6SignificanceInspireRemindFirstmoonlandingbeforetheChallenger.Para.1Spacetravelbecameunexceptionaltothepublic.Para.2Onestudent’smemoryoftheexplosion.Para.4SpaceshuttleprogramaftertheexplosionoftheChallenger.Para.5TheexplosionoftheChallenger.Para.3Para.6SignificanceChallengerDisasterSpeechChoosetheideasmentionedinthepassageandfindtheevidence.1Peoplethoughtspacetravelwasnolongerdangerous.2Christawouldhaveinspiredlotsofpeopleifshehadn’tlostherlifeon

boardtheChallenger.3Peopleweredeterminedtocontinuewiththespace

programmeafter

thedisaster.4Thedisasterprovedweshoulduserobotstoexplorespaceinsteadof

people.5Theshuttlewasnotreliableandshouldnothavebeenused.Para2:FollowingtheMoonlandings,spacetravelrapidlybecameunexceptionaltothepublic,asinnovationssucceededeachother.Para2:Christahopedtocommunicateasenseofexcitementandrekindleinterestinthespaceprogramme.Para6:

…inspiringustojointheminhumanity’sgreatestjourneyofexplorationanddiscovery.ThesacrificeoftheChallengercallstous,remindingusthatwemustcontinuetoreachforthestars,nomatterhowdistanttheymightseem.Organiseinformationfromthepassageandcompletethefactfile.SPACESHUTTLECHALLENGERDISASTERTime:__________________Place:SpaceCentreinFlorida,USACrew:_______________,includingateacherWhatwasspecialabouttheChallengerlaunch?ItwasspecialbecauseChristaMcAuliffeaged37,anordinaryteacherandmother,wasabouttobecomethefirstcivilianinspace.28January1986sevenastronautsOrganiseinformationfromthepassageandcompletethefactfile.SPACESHUTTLECHALLENGERDISASTERWhatwastheteacher’smissiononboardtheChallenger?Sheplannedtogivetwo15-minutelessonsfromorbit:thefirsttodemonstratethecontrolsofthespacecraftandexplainhowgravityworked,andthesecondtodescribetheobjectivesoftheChallengerprogramme.Organiseinformationfromthepassageandcompletethefactfile.SPACESHUTTLECHALLENGERDISASTERWhatwasdoneinthethreeyearsfollowingthedisaster?Spaceshuttleflightsweresuspendedfornearlythreeyearswhilethecauseofthedisasterwasinvestigated,andsomeoftheshuttle’scomponentswereredesigned.Organiseinformationfromthepassageandcompletethefactfile.SPACESHUTTLECHALLENGERDISASTERWhichshuttlefollowedtheChallenger,andwhenwasitlaunched?DiscoveryfollowedtheChallenger,andwaslaunchedon29September1988.NowtalkaboutwhatyoucanlearnfromtheChallengerdisaster.Post-readingWhatwerepeople’sfeelingsbeforeandaftertheChallengerdisaster?Findevidenceinthepassagetosupportyouranswer.Doyouknowofanyotherdisastersthathaveoccurredwhileexploringspace?Shareonewiththeclass.Whydoyouthinkpeoplecontinuetoexplorespacedespitetherisks?Wouldyouliketogointospace?Giveyourreasons.Whatlanguageinthepassagecouldyouusetodescribeothereventsinspaceexploration?BeforetheChallengerdisaster,peoplefeltoptimisticandwereveryexcitedtowatchthetake-offonTV.Theybecameshockedandscaredafterthedisaster.Languagepoints03EversinceNeilArmstrongfirstsetfootontheMoonbackon20July1969,peoplehavebecome

accustomed

tothenotionofspacetravel.自從尼爾·阿姆斯特朗1969年7月20日首次登上月球以來,人們已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了太空旅行的概念。◆becomeaccustomedto習(xí)慣于(做)某事【詞匯拓展】accustomedadj.經(jīng)常的;慣常的;習(xí)慣了的be/get/becomeaccustomedto(doing)sth=be/getusedto(doing)sth 習(xí)慣于(做)某事accustomsb/oneselfto(doing)sth使某人/自己習(xí)慣于(做)某事Shewasapersonaccustomedtohavingeighthours’sleepanight.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Iamaccustomedto

(get)upearlyandtakinganhour’swalkbeforebreakfast.

(2)Knowingthatyouarenot

(accustom)tothelifehereandareconsideringreturningtoAmerica,Ifeelveryupset.

(3)

(accustom)totheclimateinthecountryside,theoldcoupleprefernottomovetothecity.

gettingaccustomed

AccustomedWhentheChallengerspaceshuttletook

offon28January1986,theworldseemedtohavelostitswonderattheamazingachievementsoftheastronautsinvolved.當(dāng)“挑戰(zhàn)者”號航天飛機于1986年1月28日升空時,世界似乎對參與其中的宇航員的驚人成就失去了驚奇?！魌akeoff起飛;脫下;迅速流行;(事業(yè)等)步入正軌【詞匯拓展】takein接受;吸收takeover

接管;繼承;支配takeon

呈現(xiàn);雇用takeup

從事;繼續(xù);拿起;占據(jù)takedown

記下;取下;拆除用take短語填空(1)Whenshegraduatedfromuniversity,she

journalism.

(2)Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,ourcountryhas

anewlook.

(3)ThehousewhereIgrewuphasbeen

_____

andreplacedbyanofficebuilding.

(4)Briggswill

asageneralmanagerwhenMichellretires.

tookup

takenontakendowntakeoverButthiswasgoingtobenoordinaryexcursion,andmillionsofpeopletuned

intowitnessthetake-offonTV.但這將不是一次普通的航行,數(shù)百萬人通過電視觀看升空?！魌unein收聽;收看【詞匯拓展】tunen.曲調(diào)

intune合拍

outoftune不合拍intunewithsb/sth與……合拍;贊成某人/某事Itwasjustanordinaryvoice,buthesangin

tune.Hersingingoftengetsout

of

tune.WhenIinterviewedShakiraIfeltin

tune

withherphilosophyoflife.采訪夏奇拉時,我覺得自己和她的人生哲學(xué)很合拍。單句語法填空(1)Theindustryischangingintune

changingdemand.

(2)Tune

nextweekatthesametime!

(3)Singersandinstrumentalistshavetobeabletogeteverynoteperfectly

tune.

withininIt

was

special

because

Christa

McAuliffe

aged

37,an

ordinary

teacher

and

mother,was

about

to

become

the

first

civilian

in

space.這次飛行很特別,因為37歲的克里斯塔·麥考利夫,一個普通的老師和母親,即將成為第一個進入太空中的平民。【句式剖析】本句是一個復(fù)合句。Itwasspecial是主句,because引導(dǎo)的是原因狀語從句。beabouttodo意為“正要做……;即將要做……”,一般不和具體的時間連用,后加when引導(dǎo)的句子表示“正要做……突然……”。Hewasabouttoopenthedoorwhenhefeltthehandleturningtheotherway.他正要開門突然感到把手向相反的方向轉(zhuǎn)動。Theaccidenthappenedasthejetwasabouttotakeoff.噴氣式飛機正要起飛時出了事故?！揪涫酵卣埂?1)bedoing...when...表示“正在做……這時……”。Theywerehavingameetingwhentheelectricitywascutoff.(2)beonthepointofdoing...when...表示“正要做……這時……”。Iwasonthepointofcallinghimwhenhecamein.Hewasonthepointofsayingsomethingwhenthephonerang.(3)hadjustdone...when...表示“剛做完……這時……”。Ihadjustfinishedmyjourneywhenmyfriendcametovisitme.這里的when是并列連詞,表示“這時;突然”,相當(dāng)于andthen/andatthattime。完成句子(1)我正要離開突然注意到一位老太太在看我。I

whenInoticedanoldladylookingatme.

(2)我剛剛到達火車站,火車就開了。I

therailwaystationwhenthetrainleft.

(3)我們正在吃晚飯,突然電話鈴響了。We

whenthetelephonerang.

wasabouttoleavehadjustarrivedatwerehavingsupperItwasthemostdisastrousspaceaccidentever,anditcast

a

shadow

onpeople’shearts.這是有史以來最災(zāi)難性的太空事故,它給人們的心靈蒙上了陰影。◆castashadowon/over給蒙上陰影Anunhappychildhoodwouldcast

a

shadow

onone’swholelife.不快樂的童年會給一個人的一生蒙上陰影。【詞匯拓展】castlighton使……清楚;使人了解castdoubton

質(zhì)疑;引起對……的懷疑Doesthisinformationcast

light

ontheproblem?Theincidentcast

doubt

onhermotivesandreliability.完成句子(1)那個壞消息給我們的會議蒙上了一層陰影。Thebadnews

ourmeeting.

(2)一位研究人員現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)揭開了這種動物的死亡之謎。Aresearcherhasnow

themysteryofwhytheanimalsdied.

(3)他的所作所為使人們對他的誠實產(chǎn)生了懷疑。Whathehaddone

hishonesty.

castashadowon/overcastlightoncastdoubtonFollowingtheshockoftheChallengerdisaster,spaceshuttleflightsweresuspendedfornearlythreeyearswhilethecauseofthedisasterwasinvestigated,andsomeoftheshuttle’scomponentswereredesigned.在“挑戰(zhàn)者”號災(zāi)難的震驚過后,航天飛機的飛行暫停了近三年,同時調(diào)查了災(zāi)難的原因,并重新設(shè)計了航天飛機的一些部件?！魋uspendv.暫停,中止;懸,掛【詞匯拓展】suspendsbfrom...

停止某人……suspendsthfromsth

把……懸掛在……上suspensionn.

暫令停職(或停學(xué)、停賽等);暫緩;推遲;延期Davewassuspended

fromschoolforaweek.用suspend的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Theferryservicehas

forthedaybecauseofthebadweather.

(2)Thefootballerislikelytoreceiveathree-match

followinganincidentinyesterday’sgame.

(3)Itwasveryuncomfortablelyingonthehospitalbedwithmylegs

intheair.

beensuspendedsuspensionsuspendedBut

there

was

never

any

doubt

that

manned

flights

would

continue,and

on

29

September

1988,the

space

shuttle

programme

resumed

with

the

successful

launch

of

Discovery.但毫無疑問,載人飛行將繼續(xù)下去,1988年9月29日,隨著“發(fā)現(xiàn)”號的成功發(fā)射,航天飛機計劃得以恢復(fù)。【句式剖析】本句是一個復(fù)合句。therewasneveranydoubt是主句,thatmannedflightswouldcontinue是同位語從句。thereisneveranydoubtthat=thereisnodoubtthat意為“毫無疑問”。Thereisnodoubtthatyourparticipationwillmakeouroutingmoreenjoyable.毫無疑問你的參與會使我們的出游更加愉快。【句式拓展】thereisnodoubtthat...毫無疑問……thereissomedoubtwhether...有……疑問Ihavenodoubtthat...我確信……Idon’t/neverdoubtthat...我確信……Idoubtwhether/if...我懷疑是否……beyond/withoutdoubt毫無疑問地;確實地indoubt不肯定的;不確定的Thereisnodoubtthatheistellingthetruth.Hisloyaltytohisfriendswasneverindoubt.Idoubtwhethertheyreallyhavesufficientmanpower.(1)doubt用作名詞時,在肯定句中接whether(不可用if)引導(dǎo)的同位語從句;在否定句中用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。(2)當(dāng)doubt用作動詞時,在肯定句中接whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句;在否定句、疑問句中后跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。單句語法填空(1)Ineverdoubt

Chinesedietisthehealthiestintheworld.

(2)Idoubt

thenewonewillbeanybetter.

(3)Thereissomedoubt

thebookiswo