Unit4NaturalDisastersDiscoveringUsefulStructurestherelativeclausesPleasedecidewhatkindofclausethefollowingcompoundsentencescontain1.IknowthatChineseisaverydifficultlanguage.2.IhavetothinkabouthowIcanspeakChinesefluently.3.MyhopeisthatIcanspeakChinesefluently.4.ItisknownthatChineseisaverydifficultlanguage.5.IcanspeakChinesefluentlyifIpractiseasoftenaspossible.6.IhopetospeakChinesefluentlywhenIgraduate.7.Chineseisalanguagethatisdifficulttolearn.8.ChineseisalanguagewhichisplayinganimportantroleinourlifeLearningobjectivesAftertheclassstudentswillbeableto1.understandthedefinition(定義)

oftherelativeclauseandthefunctions(功能)

ofrelativepronouns(關系代詞)byanalyzing2.userelativepronounscorrectlyinspecificcontextsbypracticingrepeatedly.Activity1Findtherelativeclausesinthefollowingsentencesandthepositionoftherelativeclause1.TheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygrandmacannotforget.2.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.3.AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEcuador.4.Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.5.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.6.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.7.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.

thedefinition(定義)

oftherelativeclause在復合句中，修飾名詞、代詞或句子的從句叫作定語從句Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.Heisateacherwhomwehavelearntalotfrom.Successoftencomestothosewhohaveconfidenceinthemselves.ImadegreatprogressinEnglish,whichmademeexcited.Itrainedheavilyallday,whichkeptusindoors.Classification(類別)ofrelativeclausestherestrictiverelativeclause(限制性定語從句）andthenon-restrictiveclause(非限制性定語從句）Watchcarefullyandtellthedifferencesbetweenthefollowingrelativeclauses1.Thisistheverybookthatyouarelookingfor.2.Iwastheonlypersonwhowasinvited.3.MyhomelandisChina,whichhasalonghistoryandsplendidculture.4.LastnightImetlihua,whoseemedtobeverybusy.5.Shetoldmealie,whichmademeangry.限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉后，主句的意思表達不明確。非限制性定語從句是對先行詞進行補充說明，去掉之后，往往不影響主句意思的表達1.Thisisabookthatinterestsalargenumberofpeople.2.Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceofficer.3.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.4.Theprizewillgotothewriterwhosestoryshowsthemostimagination.被定語從句修飾的詞叫作先行詞。定語從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。引導定語從句的詞叫作關系詞.關系詞分為關系代詞和關系副詞。關系代詞有which、that、who、whom、whose,關系副詞有when、where、why.關系詞中，that不能引導非限制性定語從句觀察下列句子，分析先行詞和關系代詞的特征和作用1.Thisisabookthat/whichinterestsalargenumberofpeople.2.Thisisthebook(that/which)Iboughtyesterday.3.Theexpertwho/thatvisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCnada.4.Theexpert(who/whom/that)wemetinourschoolyestardayisfromCnada.5.sheisthegirlwhosebrotherisstudyingabroad.6.HehaswrittenabookwhosenameIhaveforgotten.關系代詞whichthatwhowhomwhose在定語從句中的作用：引導從句，代替先行詞并在從句中充當成分。先行詞關系代詞指代成分作用備注whichthatwhowhomwhose指物作主語、賓語指人

指物作主語、賓語作主語、賓語指人指人指人

指物作賓語作定語作賓語可省略作賓語可省略作賓語可省略作賓語可省略Activity2關系代詞引導定語從句用法1.關系代詞which指物,在從句中做主語

賓語2.關系代詞that既可以指人又可以指物,在從句中做主語

賓語3.關系代詞who指人,在從句中做主語

賓語4.關系代詞whom指人,在從句中做賓語5.關系代詞whose即可指人又可以指物，在從句中做定語6.關系代詞在定語從句中做賓語時,可以省略用適當的關系代詞填空1.Aplaneisamachine___________canfly.2.Thefish___________weboughtthismorningwerenotfresh.3.Thegirl_______________wesawyesterdaywasJim’ssister.4.Theboy___________brokethewindowiscalledTom5.Thisisthefactory__________wasbuiltlastyear.6.Thisisthefactory__________wevisitedlastyear.7.Theinjuredboy_________motherwaslostinthedisasterwastakentothehospital.8.YesterdayIsawafilm________leadingactorisworld-famous.that/whichthat/whichwho/whom/thatwho/thatthat/whichthat/whichwhosewhose將下面幾組簡單句合并為含定語從句的復合句1.Ihavereadthenewspaper.Itcarriestheimportantnews.2.Ifoundthebook.Ilostityesterday.3.Italkedwiththeman.Hishousewasdestroyedintheflood.4.Heisaman.youcansafelydependonhim.5.Werespectthedoctor.HeledthefightwithCOVID-19inWuhanIhavereadthenewspaperwhich/thatcarriestheimportantnewsIfoundthebookthat/whichIlostyesterday.Italkedwiththemanwhosehousewasdestroyedintheflood.Heisamanwho/whom/thatyoucansafelydependonWerespectthedoctorwho/thatledthefightwithCOVID-19inWuhan1.Thisisthehouse___________welivedinlastyear. Thisisthehousein_______welivedlastyear.2.Thefactory___________Ionceworkedinhastakenonanewlook. Thefactoryin_____Ionceworkedhastakenonanewlook.3.Heistheperson_________________youcanturntoforhelp. Heisthepersonto_______youcanturnforhelp.4.Heisacleverboy________________hisparentsareproudof.Heisacleverboyof______hisparentsareproud.關系代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語的用法:介詞提前，指物時用關系代詞_______.指人時用關系代詞_______that/whichwhichthat/whichwhichwho/that/whomwhomwho/whom/thatwhomwhichwhom用適當的關系代詞填空1.Heisateacherfrom________wecanlearnalot.2.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecityin______welive.3.Shehasmanynovels,someof______areinteresting.4.Thedoctorwith_______youusedtoworkdiedintheearthquake.5.Thewomanwroteathank-youlettertothesoldierby_____shewasrescued.whomwhichwhichwhomwhom但在下列情況下在限制性定語從句中關系代詞指物時用that不用which1.當先行詞為allanythingeverythingnothing等不定代詞時

HesetdowneverythingthatIsaid.Hedidallthathecouldtohelpme.2.當先行詞被序數詞和形容詞最高級修飾時

ThisisthemostbeautifulcitythatIhavevisited.

ThefirstlessonthatIhavelearnedwillneverbeforgotten.3.當先行詞被all,every,theonly,thevery,theright修飾時

Heisreadingtheverybookthatyougavehimlastnight.HeateallthefoodthatwasprovidedbyMom.Thatistheonly

thingthatwecandonow.4.當先行詞既指人又指物時

Weoftentalkaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremember.關系代詞th