PAGEPAGE11.為了保證每個學生的受教育權利,當地學校要滿足有誦讀困難的孩子的特殊教育需求.Withaviewto

guaranteeing

(1.為了保證)everystudent’srightsto

receiveeducation(2.受教育),localschoolsneedto

meetthespecialeducationalneeds

(3.滿足特殊教育需求)ofthe

dyslexic

(4.誦讀困難的)children.1-withaviewto(doing)something是一個固定表達,含義是"目的是,為了”withtheaimofdoingsomething

目的是,為了?Thesemeasureshavebeentakenwithaviewtoincreasingthecompany'sprofits.采取這些措施的目的是為了增加公司的利潤.外刊例句：Chelsea’smissioninthesummerwillbetostrengthenfurther,addingmorehigh-calibreplayerstoanalreadycapablesquad,withaviewto

usingthisseason’ssuccessasaspringboardtorejoiningtheEuropeanelite.(TheGuardian)

可供替換的表達還有：inordertodosomething/withtheaimofdoingsomething注意：withaviewtoguaranteeing

不可以替換成withaviewtoprotecting,因為protect的含義是tomakesurethatsomebody/somethingisnotharmed,injured,damaged,etc.本句是保證需求,因此protect不可與guarantee替換2-

receiveeducation是一個固定搭配,含義是"接受教育”,也可以寫成get/haveeducationeducation[?ed.j?'ke?.??n]

noun

[SorU]

ESSENTIAL

■theprocessofteachingorlearninginaschoolor

college,ortheknowledgethatyougetfromthis

教育;受教育獲得的知識?Asachildhe

received

mostofhis

education

athome.童年時他主要在家中接受教育.?It'sacountrywhichplacesgreatimportanceon

education.這是個非常重視教育的國家.?Shelecturesin

education

(=thestudyof

education)attheteachertrainingcollege.她在教師培訓學院講授教育學.?It'simportantforchildrentogetagood

education.孩子得到良好的教育是非常重要的.

外刊例句：Ourmainpoint

ofcontactwithhowourchildren

receive

education

isthroughhomework.(TheGuardian)3-

meet/satisfyspecialeducationalneeds,"滿足特殊教育需求”.educational

/

?ed?u?kei??nl

/

?

adj.

?connectedwitheducation;providingeducation

?

教育的;有關教育的;有教育意義的：

?childrenwithspecialeducationalneeds

需要特殊教育的孩子

?aneducationalpsychologist

教育心理學家

?aneducationalvisit

教育訪問

?educationalgames/toys

(=that

teachyousthaswellasamusingyou)

寓教于樂的游戲/玩具

?Watchingtelevisioncanbevery

educational.

看電視可以使人受到很多教益.

外刊例句：

Numbersof

childrenwith

specialeducational

needs

arerising,partlybecauseofsuccessinkeepingverypremature

babiesalive：lesstimeinthewombmeansmoreproblemsoutsideit.(The

Economist)注意：educational

needs是一個固定搭配,不可以寫成educationneeds,也不可以寫成educationaldemands4-dyslexic含義是"有讀寫障礙的,誦讀困難的”dyslexic[d?'slek.s?k]

adjective

noun

countable

■(someone)havingdyslexia

有讀寫障礙的;有讀寫障礙者外刊例句：

Itwasthoughtthatonly

dyslexicchildren

wereproneto

confusing"b”and"d”,and"p”and"q”,andoccasionallywritingtheirnamesback-to-front,butDrDehaenehasfoundthatallchildrenmakethiserror.(TheEconomist)

可供替換的表達：havedifficultyinreadingandspelling/withdyslexia1.

right的常見搭配是righttodosomething,因此everystudent’srightstoreceiveeducation不可以寫成everystudent’srightsofreceivingeducation2.

Q：關于"要”的翻譯,應如何區分呢?大部分時候根據句意使用need,但有時也可要用should?這里不甚明晰,望老師指正A：needtodosomething和shoulddosomething在很多情況下可以互換,朗文詞典對于needto

dosomething有一個釋義為：usedwhensayingthatsomeone

shoulddosomethingorhastodosomething,例如：Ineed

tocatchuponmyofficework.我必須趕趕我的辦公室工作了.這個時候句子也可以寫成：Ishouldcatchuponmyofficework.

但need

todosomething還有另外一層意思,"想要做某事,需要做某事”(tofeelthat

youwantsomethingverymuch),例如劍橋詞典例句：Mostpeople

needtofeelloved.大多數人都需要有被愛的感覺.這個時候句子就不能替換為Most

peopleshouldfeelloved.2.

在數字化革命的年代,一些人認為許多傳統學科已經過時了.

Intheageof

(1.在……的年代)digitalrevolution(2.數字化革命),somepeoplebelievethatmany

traditionaldisciplines

(3.傳統學科)have

outlivedtheirusefulness(4.過時).

1-intheageofsomething含義是"在……的時代”,例如in

theageoftechnology/theInternet,"在科技時代/在互聯網時代”.

aparticularperiodofhistorySYNera：Wearelivingintheageoftechnology.beliveMolecular

biologyispushingmedicineintoanewage.也可以說

inan

eraofsomething,例如：Weliveinaneraof

instantcommunication.

我們生活在一個信息即時交流的時代.外刊例句：Jobswillbelost

intheageof

automationbutthecreativeindustrieswillgrowandtheabilitytoworkwithambiguity,diversityandempathywillbevalued.(TheGuardian)注意：in

theageofdigitalrevolution不能寫成inanageofdigitalrevolution

2-digitalrevolution是一個專用名詞,即"數字革命”TheDigitalRevolutionisthechangefrommechanicalandanalogueelectronictechnologytodigitalelectronicswhichbegananywherefromthelate1950stothelate1970swiththeadoptionandproliferationofdigitalcomputersanddigitalrecordkeepingthatcontinuestothepresentday.

可參考維基百科解釋https：///wiki/Digital_Revolution外刊例句：Whetherthe

digitalrevolution

willbringmass

jobcreationtomakeupforitsmassjobdestructionremainstobeseen.(The

Economist)注意：digital

revolution不能錯寫成digitalevolution,evolution含義是"進化”,與revolution(革命)不同.此外,也不能寫成digitalreform,reform有"改進,改革”的意思,程度比"革命”弱.

3-discipline在這里是指大學的學科、專業.['d?s.?.pl?n]

noun

SUBJECT

課程

countable

■aparticularareaofstudy,especiallya

subjectstudiedatacollegeoruniversity

(尤指大學或學院設立的)專業

外刊例句：

Researchcombiningtheexpertisefrom

traditional

disciplines

likephysics,chemistry,mathematicsandcomputingalongwith

theemergingfieldsofgeneticsandbiomolecularsciencesisseenasoneof

themostdynamicareasofscienceoverthenextdecade.(TheGuardian)"傳統學科”除了可以說traditionaldisciplines之外,還可以說traditional

school/academicsubjects

4-outliveyourusefulness是一個詞組,含義是"不再有價值;已無用”outliveyourusefulness

■tonolongerbeuseful

不再有價值;已沒用?Thisoldsystemhas

outlived

itsusefulness.這個老系統已經沒用了.外刊例句：Thesmartcityis,tomanyurbanthinkers,justabuzzphrasethathasoutliveditsusefulness：‘thewrongideapitchedinthewrongwaytothewrongpeople’.(TheGuardian)

可供替換的表達還有：benolongeruseful/beout-of-date

/beoutdated注意：outliveyourusefulness不能與beathingofthepast換用,beathingofthepast

表示"不復存在”,如

anewdevicethatmakessuch

problemsathingofthepast

使這類問題不復存在的新裝置.本句中學科仍存在,因此不能換用.

Q：Somearguetherearemany

traditionalsubjectsalreadyoutdatedintheageofdigitalrevolution.想請教老師我的句子結構,我的賓語從句用的therebe句型,是否可以?A：句子語法上雖然沒有問題,但是太過拖沓,建議在平時寫作時盡量減少there

be句型的使用.這里可以改為Somearguemanytraditionalsubjectshave

alreadybeenoutdatedintheageofdigitalrevolution.3.

在電子時代,越來越多的電子游戲被設計出來用于實現教學目的.In

thedigitalage(1.電子時代),

anincreasingnumberof

(2.越來越多的……)videogames

(3.電子游戲)havebeendesignedto

serveeducationalpurposes(4.實現教學目的).

1-digitalage是一個固定表達,含義是"電子時代”.

digitalagenoun

[

singular

]the

\o"present"present

\o"time"time,whenmost

\o"information"informationisina

\o"digital"digital\o"form"form,especiallywhencomparedtothe

\o"time"time

when

\o"computers"computers

werenotused：

Investorsseemunsureaboutthe

\o"long-term"long-term

futureofthemusic

\o"industry"industry

inthe

\o"digital"digital

age.也可以說

inaneraofsomething,例如：Weliveinaneraofinstantcommunication.

我們生活在一個信息即時交流的時代.外刊例句：Astowhethertheworkforcecouldshrinkacrosstheindustry

inthedigitalage,ultimatelygeologistsandengineersbelievetechnologywillnotputthemoutofajob,becauseproducingoilisartaswellasscience.(TheEconomist)注意：digitalage是一個固定表達,不能寫成electronicage/electronictimedigitalage前面要加定冠詞the,indigitalage要改為inthedigitalage注意：intheageofdigitalrevolution不能寫成inanageofdigitalrevolution2-

anincreasingnumberofsomething含義是"越來越多的……”UK

['n?m.b?r]

US

[-b?]

noun

AMOUNT

數量

ESSENTIAL

onlysingular

[+sing/plverb]

■anamountortotal

數目;總數?Thenumberofpeoplekilledinroadaccidentsfelllastmonth.上個月,死于交通事故的人數有所下降.?Therehasbeen

an

increasing

number

of

casesofthedisease.患這種病的人數持續上升.外刊例句：Anincreasingnumberof

asylumseekersarebeingreleasedfromdetentionafteralmoststarvingthemselvestodeath,theGuardianhaslearned.(TheGuardian)可供替換的表達：a

growingnumberofsomething/moreandmore/increasingnumbersofsomething

注意：increasing前面的冠詞an不能省略,另外不能寫成anincreasinglynumberofsomething,increasingly是副詞,不能修飾名詞.3-

videogames是指"電子游戲”(注意這是一個可數名詞,使用時一般要加復數)videogamenoun

countable

ADVANCED

■agameinwhichtheplayercontrolsmovingpicturesonascreenbypressingbuttons

電子游戲

外刊例句：Scaremongeringstoriesabouttheclear-cutnegativeeffectsofvideogamescropupinthenewsfartoooften,butwhenyoustarttodigintotheevidencebehindtheclaims,thestorybecomesmurky.(TheGuardian)

可供替換的表達：electronic/computergames4-

serveapurpose是一個常見搭配,含義是"達到某一目的”,serveeducationalpurposes即"達到教學目的”serveapurpose

■tohaveause

起作用?Thesesmallvillageshopsserveavery

useful

purpose.村里的這些小商店非常有用.外刊例句：Theappsthatwereputontoteacher's

iPadshadbeenthoroughlyresearched,astheappstorecanbeadaunting

placesearchingforappropriateappsfor

educational

purposes.(TheGuardian)我們也可以說

fulfileducationalpurposesQ：句子的時態我用了一般現在時的被動語態,不知道是否可以?A：這里應該使用現在完成時,強調已經發生的事情對現在產生的影響.an

increasingnumberofvideogameshavebeendesignedtoserveeducational

purposes強調越來越多的電子游戲已經被設計出來用于實現教育目的,強調"已經設計出來”這一件事帶來的影響.4.那所寄宿學校嚴格的全日制教育幫助這名女孩在早年培養了獨立意識.A

full-timeeducation

(1.全日制教育)inthat

boardingschool

(2.寄宿學校)helps

thisgirl

develop

asenseofindependence

(3.培養獨立意識)atanearlyage(4.在早年).

1-full-timeeducation含義是"全日制教育”,常見的搭配為

enter/receive/beinfull-timeeducation?MostchildrenintheUKremainin

full-timeeducationuntiltheyareatleast16yearsold.在英國,大多數孩子至少在16歲之前都要接受全日制教育.外刊例句：Currentlythereisnorequirementtoprovidemothersagedupto16with

afull-timeeducation

iftheycannotattendschooltowardstheendoftheirpregnancyandintheweeksafterthebirth.(TheGuardian)可供替換的表達：full-timeschoolingbepush也可以說

inaneraofsomething,例如：Weliveinaneraofinstantcommunication.

我們生活在一個信息即時交流的時代.注意：intheageofdigitalrevolution不能寫成inanageofdigitalrevolution2-boardingschool是一個固定搭配,含義是"寄宿學校”boardingschoolnoun

countable

■aschoolwherestudentsliveandstudy

寄宿學校與之對應的"走讀學校”則是dayschooldayschoolnoun

countable

■aprivateschoolwhosestudentsreturnhomeinthe

evening

不供宿的私立學校

外刊例句：

Iadaptedtothe