Unit1Greatscientists課時作業1WarmingUp&ReadingⅠ.單詞拼法1．KindnessisoneoftheyoungEnglishteacher'scharacteristics(特征)．2．Ifadoctorcuressomeone'sillness,hemakesthepersonwellagain.3．Don'tjumptotheconclusionbeforeyoumakeacarefulinvestigation.4．Howmanypeopleattended(參與)yoursister'sweddingyesterday?5．Theysuspect/suspected(懷疑)meofhavingahandintheaffair.6．Noonecouldforesee(預見)one'sownfutureaccurately.7．Ifyouanalyse(分析)something,youconsideritcarefullyorusesomemethodsinordertofullyunderstandit.8．Don'texpose(暴露)yourskintothesunoryouwillbeburnt.9．Waterandsaltareabsorbed(汲取)intoourbloodeveryday.10．Itisdifficulttohandle(操縱)themachine.Ⅱ.選詞填空beexposedto,drawaconclusion,bereadyto,putforward,beabsorbedin,betoblame,link...to,lookinto,everytime,findout1．Iwas_absorbed_inthebooksothatIdidn'thearyoucomein.2．Theideayouput_forwardatthemeetingyesterdayismorepracticalthanhis.3．Thepublicwanttoknowwhois_to_blamefortheaccident.4．Thedoctorexaminedthepatientcarefullyandthendrew_a_conclusion.5．Ifyouare_exposed_toEnglishreadingandlisteningeveryday,youaresuretomakemuchprogressinit.6．Hetookaglanceatthebackofthebooktofind_outtheanswerstothequestions.7．Ifyoubehavesofoolishly,youmustbe_ready_totaketheconsequences.8．Every_timeKobevisitsChina,hereceivesawarmwelcomefromhisChinesefans.9．Issmokinglinked_tolungcancer?10．Thepolicepromisedtolook_intotheaccident.Ⅲ.單句語法填空1．Wearesurprisedtoseeyourillnesslinked(link)tothefoodyoueateveryday.2．Attheendoftheirmeeting,itwas_announced(announce)thatanagreementhadbeenreached.3．Exposed(expose)tosomanyadvertisements,wecan'thelpbeingpersuadedtobuysomethingwedon'treallyneed.4．Theriverissopolluted(pollute)thatitisunsafeforswimmingandfishing.5．Bothscatteringandabsorption(absorb)makeanobjectlookdifferentfromotherobjectsaroundit,soyoucanseeiteasily.6．Byanalysing(analyse)thepartsofthesentencewelearnmoreaboutEnglishgrammar.7．Hewasdeterminedtofindoutthereasonwhycholerawassosevereinthisarea.8．JohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.9．Whatdiseasedoyouthinkissimilartocholeratoday?10．Aneffectivecureforcancerhasnotyetbeenfound.Ⅳ.課文語法填空JohnSnow,awell－knowndoctorinLondon,became1.inspired(inspire)whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeople2.exposed(expose)tocholera,a3.deadly(die)diseaseofitsday.Manythousandsofpeopledied4.whenevertherewasanoutbreakbecausenooneknewthecauseofit.Johnwantedtohelpsolvetheproblem.Hegotinterestedintwotheories5.explaining(explain)howcholerakilledpeople.Hebelievedinthesecondtheory6.that/whichsuggestedthatpeople7.absorbed(absorb)thediseasewiththeirmeals.In1854,whenanotheroutbreakhitLondon,hewasreadytotest8.thetwotheories.9.Withthehelpofthemaphemade,hegotavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthediseaseandwasabletoannouncethatthewaterwas10.to_blame(blame).“KingCholera”wasfinallydefeated.閱讀理解AWhataScientistIsLikeIfyouwereaskedtoimagineascientist,whatimagewouldcometoyourmind?Thecommonideathatmostkidsfromkindergartenthroughcollegehaveofascientistisamanwearingawhitelabcoatwithmessyhair,bigglasses,andseveralglasscupsofmysteriouscolourfulliquidsgivingoffcloudsofsmoke.Asforadults,themajorityviewscientistsasstrangepeoplewhospend100hoursaweekslavingawayinalonelylaboratory.However,therealityisquitedifferent.RecentlyI'vehadachancetotakepartinascientificexperiencefarfrommylaboratoryandintoCostaRica.ItsupportsahugeamountofwildlifeduetoitsgeographicalplacementbetweenNorthandSouthAmerica.Itishometomorethan500,000species,whichareatpresentnearly4%ofthetotalspeciesworldwide!Firstweworkedalongsideconservationiststopreservewildlifeataleatherbackturtle(棱皮龜)rescuecentre.Wehelpedthevolunteerspreserveturtlepopulationsbyremovingrubbishfromtheshorelinetocreateasafeenvironmentforturtleeggstocomeout.AfterthatwestayedatMountDuringmyCostaRicaexperience,Iknowthatbeingascientistdoesn'tmeanworkinginalaballdayandnight.Ascientistisonewholoveslearningandgettingabetterunderstandingoftheworldfromhelpingpreservewildlife,learningaboutearthquakesorinventingrockets.Ithinkthatschoolsshouldreallystressthatscienceissomuchmorethanwearingalabcoatandmixingchemicals.Kidsneedtobeawareoftheexcitementandadventuressciencecanbring!人們通常認為科學家成天在試驗室做著無聊的試驗。作者通過自己的親身經驗告知人們，科學家并不是人們通常所認為的樣子，以此激勵孩子們要酷愛科學，并去探討科學。1．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,scientistsareoftenbelieved________.A．toworkasslavesB．tobehaveinastrangewayC．tospendtoomuchtimeinlabsD．todoexperimentsinmessylabs答案：C解析：細微環節理解題。依據第一段的themajorityviewscientistsasstrangepeoplewhospend100hoursaweekslavingawayinalonelylaboratory可知，人們通常認為科學家大多數時間都在試驗室做試驗。故選C項。2．Howdidtheauthorhelptopreservetheturtlepopulations?A．Bycreatingasafenestforturtles.B．Bypickinguprubbishfromtheshoreline.C．Bycollectingtheturtleeggsonthebeach.D．Byfindingacomfortableenvironmentforturtles.答案：B解析：細微環節理解題。依據第三段中的Wehelpedthevolunteerspreserveturtlepopulationsbyremovingrubbishfromtheshorelinetocreateasafeenvironmentforturtleeggstocomeout.可知，作者是通過清除海岸上的垃圾來愛護海龜蛋使其順當出殼的方式幫助海龜的。故選B項。3．Whatdoestheauthorlearnaboutsciencefromhisexperience?A．Scienceisfullofboringexperiments.B．Scienceismorethanworkinginalab.C．Scienceisrelatedtomysteriousliquids.D．Scienceisaboutwildlifeandearthquakes.答案：B解析：細微環節理解題。依據最終一段中的Iknowthatbeingascientistdoesn'tmeanworkinginalaballdayandnight可知，作者通過這次經驗，了解了科學家并非總是日夜在試驗室工作。故選B項。4．Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A．Toencouragekidstostudyscience.B．TotellthestoryoftravellinginCostaRica.C．ToexpectmorepeopletotravelinCostaRica.D．Tosharethesecretsbehindsciencephenomena.答案：A解析：推理推斷題。依據最終一段中的Ithinkthatschoolsshouldreallystressthatscienceissomuchmorethanwearingalabcoatandmixingchemicals.Kidsneedtobeawareoftheexcitementandadventuressciencecanbring！可推知作者寫這篇文章的目的是激勵孩子們去學習科學，真正了解科學。BBabiesteachtheirolderbrothersandsistersempathy(同感),accordingtoanewresearch.Empathymeansunderstandingandenteringothers'feelings.Untilnow,youngerkidshavegenerallybeenregardedtolearnplentyfromtheirolderbrothersorsistersbutdon'tgivebackmuch.Butthisstudy,publishedinChildDevelopmentconfirmsthatyoungersiblings(兄弟姐妹)ensuretheirbigbrothersandsistersdon'tgrowintodisgustingpeople—noeasytask.“Althoughit'sassumedthatoldersiblingsandparentshavetheprimarysocializinginfluencesonyoungersiblings'developmentbutnotviceversa,wefoundthatbothyoungerandoldersiblingspositivelycontributedtoeachother'sempathyovertime，”studyco-authorMarcJambonsaidinastatement.Priorsiblingstudieshavefocusedontheinfluenceofolderbrothersandsisters,probablybecausetheirimpactismostobvious.Asonereviewofliteraturenotes,studieshaveshownthatoldersiblingsinfluenceeverythingfromtheiryoungersiblings'motordevelopmenttotheirriskofsmokinglaterinlife.Andalthoughseparatedstudieshavetriedtopin_downeffectsthatyoungersiblingshaveontheiroldersiblings,theinfluenceofbabybrothersandsistersremainsunclear.Forthisnewstudy,Jambonandhiscolleaguesrecruited(招募)adiversegroupof452Canadiansiblingpairsbetweentheagesof18monthsandfouryears.Atthestartofthestudy,individualresearchersassessedchildren'sbaselineempathylevelsbyvisitingthekidsathomeandthenpretendingtohurtthemselvesorbreakavaluableitem.Eighteenmonthslater,theyfoundsmallbutsignificantincreasesinempathy.Oneunexpectedexception—oldersistersdidnotappeartoexperienceincreasedempathyafter18monthslivingwiththeirlittlebrothers,specifically.Theresearchersaren'tsurewhythisexceptionappeared,andtheyrecommendthatfuturestudiesdiveintomorecomplexphenomena.一項新的探討表明嬰兒教他們的哥哥姐姐有同理心，兄弟姐妹們在一起能以主動的方式相互影響，但還有許多問題要進一步深化探討才能確定。5．Whathasbeenfoundinthenewresearch?A．Youngkidscouldshowmoresympathyonothers.B．Youngsiblingsknowmoreaboutempathythantheolder.