重難點14首字母填空解題技巧（原卷版）（建議用時：30分鐘）上海市五年中考試卷首字母填空考查要點統計發現考查重點是名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞和代詞這幾大詞類。1.跳過空格，通讀短文，了解大意。2.復讀短文，確定語義，判斷句子成分。3.判斷空格單詞在句子成分里的詞性，縮小范圍。4.聯系上下文，找關鍵信息推測出答案。5.通讀短文，檢查答案。注意時態，語法，以及詞性等問題。一、短文首字母填空在短文的空格內填入適當的詞，使其通順。I’mnotnormallyaluckyperson,butIenteredapetitionlastmonthtowinticketsforarugbymatchatTwickenham.Twoweeksago,Iwasfinishingmyhomeworkwhenmyphonerang.Iwasoneofthepetitionw___1___.Noway!Icouldn’tbelieveit!Afewdayslater,Iwassittingonatrainwithmydad.WewereonourwaytoLondon.Whenwearrived,Iwasamazed.IknewTwickenhamwasthelargestrugbystadiumintheworld,butit’sh___2___there’senoughroomfor8,200supporters.AttheentrancewemetMartinourguidefortheday.Heshowedusaroundthestadiumandthemuseum.Welearntthatthestadiumisover100yearsold.Beforetherewasastadiumthere,peopleg___3___cabbagesontheland,soit’salsoknownas“theCabbagePatch”.Next,Martintookustoourseatsandtheviewwasamazing.Whilewewerewaitingforthematchtostart,abandstartedplayingandagroupofdancersappeared.At2:30,thematchstarted.Thereareseveraldifferentwaysofgettingpointsinrugby,soit’sa___4___excitingtowatch.After40minutes,itwashalftime.TheAustralianswereplayingreallywellandtheywerewinning136.TheEnglandcoachdidn’tlookp___5___.Histeamwaslosingby7points.Englandbeganthesecondhalfwell.ThenDadgrabbedmyarmandpointedatoneoftheEnglandplayers.HewasrunningwiththeballandtheAustraliansweretryingtos___6___

him.Hescoredandthecrowdwentcrazy!Atfulltime,EnglandbeatAustralia2013.Iwasreallyhappy!Fromthatmoment,IknewIwantedtoplayrugby,butthere’sonlyaboys’teamatmyschool.Withmydad’shelp,Ifoundagirls’teamnearbyandnextweekIwillbeginrugbytraining.MyfriendsAliandMattthinkI’mmad,butIthinktheyareoldfashioned.Moreandmorew___7___arebeginningtotakeupsportslikerugby,footballandgolf.Whoknows?MaybeonedayI’llplayforEnglandatTwickenham.二、Henry'smumanddadlookedateachother．ThiswasthesecondtimethisweekthatHenryhadc____8____abouthisdinner．"We'regoingtoletyoutakeoverdinnertime．Youcanpickthefoodandcookyourmeals，'Mumsaid．"Good．We'regoingtoeatgoodfoodeverynight!"Henryanswered．Thenextday，Henrysatdowntowritethemealp____9____"We'regoingtohavechickentonight，andnoodlestomorrow，"Henrysaid．"Arewegoingtohaveanythinge____10____besideschicken？Weneedtohaveatleastonevegetableforeachmeal，"，saidMum．"Wecanhavecabbage，"Henrysaid．Afterhefinishedshopping，itwastimetomakehisf____11____meal．Hebelievedthatthiswouldbehisfavouritemeal．Sincehehadnevercooked，hisparentswereboththeretohelphim．"There'salottodo，"Henrythought，ashelookedatthemessinthekitchen．Hewasusuallyplayinggamesoutsidewhilehisparentsweremakingdinner．Ittookalmosttwohourstocook．Whendinnerwasfinallyfinished，Henrywastiredandh____12____．Buthewassoexcited—hemadedinner!"Idon'tlikecabbage，"criedSophia，Henry'slittlesister，atthetable．Henryfeltquiteupset．Hehadworkedsohardondinner，butitwasi____13____togeteveryonehappyabouteverypartofeverymeal!"I'msorry．Ididn'tknowthiscouldbesohard，"Henryfeltlikehemightcry．Hebegantor____14____howhisparentsfelteverytimeatthedinnertable．"It's0K，Henry．Youworkedreallyhard．We'lltakebackdinnerresponsibilities．You'llhavetodoitenoughwhenyou'regrownup，"Dadsaid．Henryfeltreleased．Hehappilyfinishedhisdinnerandnevergotangryatdinnertableagain．三、AnnaDuwaswalkingalongthebeachwhenshenoticedplasticsthere.Shereacheddowntopickthemup,andquicklyrealizedthereweremanymoretinypiecesthanshecoulddealwith.Itseemedi____15____tocleanthemallup.Du,12yearsoldatthetime,tiredtosolvetheproblemlikeanygoodscientistfirst,bydoingalittlerr____16____.Sheconductedsurveysandsearchedforinformation.That’showshelearnedthat8milliontonsofplasticsendupintheoceanseveryyear.Thenshegottoworkbuildingsomethingthatcouldhelpsolvetheproblem:aremoteoperatedvehicle(遙控潛水器)—ROV,HerROVcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.TheactuallycoolpartofDu’sROVisthedetection(探測)system.Sheusesac____17____alongwiththreedifferentkindsoflighttofindtheplasticsthroughpictures.Shealsousesvisible(可見的)lighttofindunnaturalcolorsthatmightmaketheplasticsstandout.“Shehasaverygoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblemlikethisandthengoafterit,”saysengineerCaseyMachado,“Itsoundss____18____,butit’salevelofthinkingthat’sreallydifficult.”Dostartedattendingpubliceventsandworkshopsatauniversitywhenshewasfiveyearsold,andsoshepickeduptheengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildherROV.ShesaysactuallygettingherROVtomovethroughwaterwellwasnoteasy.Shef____19____manytimes,butshenevergaveuptryingandtesting.Whenaskedaboutfutureplans,shesaidthatshewantedtoaddresstheeffectsofclimate(氣候)change.“Ithinktherearealotofproblemsthatcouldbesolvedwithnewi____20____.”saysDu.Duthanksherparents,whoforyearshavetakenhertostudentoutreachactivities,forsupportingherinterestinscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM).Shesaysshehasbeenabletomeetstudentsandscientiststhere.“IknowIwanttobeanengineerbecauseIlikebuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems,”saysDu.“ButI’mnotsurewhatkindofengineerIwanttobeyet.”L____21____,shehasplentyoftimetofigurethatoutatherage.四、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內填入適當的詞，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給)In1997,LottieWilliamswaswalkingthroughaparkinOklahoma,intheUS,withherfriends.Suddenlysomethingtappedherontheshoulderandfelltotheground.Shepickedtheobjectup.Itwasaboutash____22____asanemptysodacan.LaterscientiststoldheritwasapieceofaDeltaHrocketthathadbeenusedtolaunchasatellite.Manycountriesaroundtheworldhavesentsatellitesintospace.Weneedsatellitestosendandr____23____TVandradiosignals,toreporttheweatherandformanyotherthings.Butwhentheybeeoldortheybreakdownorwedon’tneedthemanymore,wejustleavethemthere.Theybeespacejunk.Scientiststhinkthereareabout16,000objectsl____24____than10centimeterswideflyingaroundtheEarth,andtensofmillionsofsmallerobjectstoo.Theytravelataround7kilometersasecond.That’sfast!Andit’stheirspeedthatmakesthesepiecesofspacejunkreallydangerous.Ifonesmallpieceofspacejunkhitssomethingathighspeed,itcandoalotofdamage.L____25____,therehaven’tbeenmanycollisions(撞).Butin2009,anoldRussiansatellitehitandd____26____anAmericansatellite—andthatcreated2,000newpiecesofspacejunk!PiecesofspacejunkreentertheEarth’satmosphereeveryday.ButLottieWilliamsistheo____27____personwhohasbeenhit.Thepiecethathitherwaslight,andtheairintheatmospherehadsloweditdown.Mostspacejunkburnsupanddoesn’treachtheEarthss____28____.Butin2011,ametalball35centimeterswidefelltoEarthinNamibia,Africa.Itmadeaholeintheground30centimetersdeepandover3meterswide.Lottiewasluckyshewasn’thitbythat!五、OnDec9,threeChineseastronautswhoareworkingaboardtheTiangongSpaceStation,gavealectureaboveEarthandshowedmillionsofstudentstheirlifethere.Theyalsodidsomefuns____29____experiments.Let’stakealookatsomeofthem.UseitorloseitThehumanbodygrowswiththepullofEarth’sgravity(重力).Butinspace,ourbonesandmusclesdon’tneedtos____30____ourbody’sweight.Thiswillcauseboneandmuscleloss.Itissaidthatastronautscanloseupto20percentoftheirmusclesafterjustacoupleofweeks.Thatisdangerousforastronautsbecausetheywillbetoow____31____towork.Astronautshavedifferentwaystopreventthis.Duringthelecture,ZhaiintroducedaspecialuniformYewaswearing.It’scalleda“penguinsuit”.Itcankeeptheirmusclesstrong.Wangalsoshowedstudentshowshewalkedonatreadmill(跑步機)