廣東省廣州、深圳市學調聯盟2020屆高三英語第二次調研考試試題（含解析）注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號、試室號和座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.用2B鉛筆將考生號及試卷類型（B）填涂在答題卡相應位置上。作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應題目選項的答案信息點涂黑；如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區域內相應位置上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。4.考生必須保證答題卡的整潔。考試結束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節，滿分40分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AHowToMakeTastyYamPottage（山藥湯）？Belowarethemethodsandingredientstobeusedforyampottage.·Ingredient1mediumsizeYam1?spoon,palmoil2?cups,water1bulb,OnionBlendedmixofscotchbonnetpepper,tomatoes,?onionGroundfishSmokedmackerelSeasoningandsalttotasteVegetable(Ugwuorscentleaf)(Optional)·Method1.PeelandcuttheYamintochunkssizeandrinse.Setaside.2.Inaheatedpot,addyourpalmoil,heatfor1minutethenaddyourchoppedonions.Fryuntilslightlybrown.3.Addyourblendedmixtureofscotchbonnetpepper,tomatoes,andonions.4.Whilecooking,addyourseasoningcube,crayfish,andsalt.Stirtogether.Allowtocookfor10to15minutes.5.Addwater.6.Pourinthechunksyams,addyoursmokedmackerelandstirtogether.Covertocookstillthe7.yamissofttoyoursatisfaction.8.Lastly,addyourvegetable.Allowtosimmerfor5minutesYourmealisready!·HowToMakeSumptuousLemonYoghurtCakeThisrecipeissoyummyandeasytomake,youcan’tgowrongwiththisrecipe.Imean,evenifyouaddtoomuchsugartothemixture,thelemonwilldouseit.Itisalsoaveryforgivingrecipebecausenomatterhowyoumeasureyouringredients,itwillalwayseoutjustright.It’stheperfectChristmasdessertrecipe.Thisrecipemakestwolemonyoghurtcakes.·Ingredients2cupsofallpurposeflour1tbspofVanillaextract1/2CupofSugar1cupofCookingOiltheZestof1mediumtolargesizedLemon3to4EggsAPinchofSaltAcupofunsweetenedyoghurt1tbspofbakingpowder·Method1.Sprayyourbakingpans(I’musingtwopans,size:9by5’s)andsetaside2.Inalargebowl,scrapethelemonzestfromthelemonandaddthesugar.ThengentlyuseyourfingerstomassagethezestwiththeSugar.3.AddtheOil,yoghurtEgg,andVanillatotheSugarandZestthenmixtillallingredientsarewellbined.4.Inaseparatesmallerbowlbineflour,bakingpowder,andapinchofsalt.5.Mixthedryingredientswiththewetingredientsandpourthemixtureintothepreparedpans.6.Bakeat350F（華氏350度）intheovenforaboutanhour7.Afteranhour,stickaskewerintothecaketomakesureitisready,thenbringitoutoftheovenandletitsitonaracktocooldownforabout15minutes.8.Sliceandeatwitheithericecreamoraloneifyoulike.It’saperfectdessertfortheholiday.Enjoy!1.WhichofthefollowingoptionsisnotneededformakingYamPottage?A.Salt B.BulbsC.Tomatoes D.Groundfish2.Howdoesthecaketasteinthearticle?A.Moderatesweetandsour B.LemonsourC.Sourandsweettasteofyogurt D.Everyonemustlike3.Afterputtingthecakeintheoven,howlongdoesittaketoenjoy?A.Threequartersofanhour B.80minutesC.Enjoynow D.15minutes【答案】1.B2.A3.B【解析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了如何做山藥湯和檸檬酸奶蛋糕。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據HowToMakeTastyYamPottage部分Ingredient中的“APinchofSalt”、“Blendedmixofscotchbonnetpepper,tomatoes,?onion”及“Groundfish”可知，制作山藥湯需要鹽、番茄和底棲魚，而沒有提到鱗莖，故B項正確。【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據HowToMakeSumptuousLemonYoghurtCake部分Method中的“2.Inalargebowl,scrapethelemonzestfromthelemonandaddthesugar.ThengentlyuseyourfingerstomassagethezestwiththeSugar.”可知，在一個大碗里，從檸檬上刮下檸檬皮，加入糖，然后用手指輕輕地把糖均勻涂抹在檸檬果肉上，由此可知，用文中提到的這種做法做出來的檸檬酸奶蛋糕酸甜適中，故A項正確。【3題詳解】細節理解題。根據HowToMakeSumptuousLemonYoghurtCake部分Method中的“6.Bakeat350F（華氏350度）intheovenforaboutanhour”可知，蛋糕需要在350華氏度的烤箱中烤約一小時；再根據“7.Afteranhour,stickaskewerintothecaketomakesureitisready,thenbringitoutoftheovenandletitsitonaracktocooldownforabout15minutes.”可知，在烤箱里烤一小時后，需要拿出來冷卻15分鐘左右，由此可知，把蛋糕放進烤箱后，要75（60+15）分鐘后才能吃，故B項正確。BBuildingonthesuccessofthedigitalseriesofOneWorld:TogetheratHome,GlobalCitizenandtheWorldHealthOrganisation(WHO)arepartneringforaspecialonenighteventofthesamename,whichwillscreenacrossBET/edyCentral/MTV/MTVbaseonSunday,April19.OnMTVBase,DStvchannel322andGOtvchannel72,itwouldairby1am.(WAT),witharepeatbroadcastsamedayby8pm.(WAT).LaunchedwithChrisMartinofColdplayonMarch16,2020,TogetheratHomehasbeeanoutletforartistestosharemusicwiththeirfansforapurposetoeducateandinformmillionsaroundWHO’scriticalefforttoprevent,detectandrespondtotheCOVID19pandemic.However,OneWorld:TogetheratHomeisnotacharityevent,butabroadglobalentertainmentspecialtosupporttheWorldHealthOrganisationandtheglobalfighttoendCOVID19.TheshowwillfeatureAlistsuperstarssuchasLadyGaga,JohnLegend,BillieEilish,andmore.Thetwohourprogramwillbehostedbymarqueepersonalitiesfromeachofthemajornetworks.Itwillincludebothliveandpretapedperformancesfromtheworld’smostprominentartistswithmultimillionnairapledgestotheWHO’sSolidarityResponseFund.Theshowwillliftviewer’sspiritsinthesetryingtimeswithexclusiveanduniquecameosfromtheworldsofmusicandarts,sportssuperstars,andedicsketches,whilealwaysdrawingbacktoitscorepurposetoeducateandinformonCOVID19risks,preventionandresponse.ThebroadcastwillalsofeatureinterviewswithexpertsfromWHOaswellasstoriesoffrontlinehealthcareworkersfromaroundtheworld.WiththeconfirmedcasesofthecoronavirusintheUnitedStatesrisingeachday,therichandfamousaren’tstayingquietabouttheirdiagnoses.Instead,celebritiesarespeakingoutonsocialmedianotonlytokeepfansinformedbutinsomecases,tourgefollowerstostayhomeinordertohelpreducetheriskoftransmission.4.Whatwillyouseeatthisconcert?A.Covid19treatmentmethod B.MarqueeproductionmethodC.Antiepidemicstoriesofmedicalstaff D.Musicinterview5.Whatisthepurposeofthisevent?A.LettheaudienceunderstandthemusicB.ShowthecharmofsuperstarsC.CallonthepublictoraiseawarenessofhealthprotectionD.IntroducingCovid196.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.ThestarsparticipatinginthisactivityhaveasenseofsocialresponsibilityB.TheperformancesareallliveC.WorldHealthOrganizationdonatestothiseventD.AmericanpeopleareunawareofCovid197.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.TheMedicalMagazine B.TheMusicMagazineC.TheAdevertisment D.TheNewspaper【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.D【解析】本文是一篇新聞報道，介紹了世衛組織倡導、眾多明星參加的《同一個世界，一起呆在家里》全球娛樂活動，該活動以電視節目的形式播放給全球觀眾，目的是呼吁人們提高防護意識，共同抗擊疫情。【4題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“ThebroadcastwillalsofeatureinterviewswithexpertsfromWHOaswellasstoriesoffrontlinehealthcareworkersfromaroundtheworld.”可知，該節目還將包括對世衛組織專家的采訪以及來自世界各地的一線醫療工作者的故事，由此可知，在節目中，你能看到醫護人員的抗疫故事，故C項正確。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中的“whilealwaysdrawingbacktoitscorepurposetoeducateandinformonCOVID19risks,preventionandresponse.”可知，該節目的核心目的是教育和告知公眾新冠病毒的風險、預防和應對措施，也就是說該活動的目的是呼吁公眾提高健康保護意識，故C項正確。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“celebritiesarespeakingoutonsocialmedianotonlytokeepfansinformedbutinsomecases,tourgefollowerstostayhomeinordertohelpreducetheriskoftransmission.”可知，明星們在社交媒體上大聲疾呼，不僅是為了讓粉絲了解情況，也是為了敦促粉絲們呆在家里，以幫助降低傳播風險，由此可知，參加本次活動的明星具有社會責任感，故A項正確。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了世衛組織倡導、眾多明星參加的《同一個世界，一起呆在家里》全球娛樂活動，該活動以電視節目的形式播放給全球觀眾，目的是呼吁人們提高防護意識，共同抗擊疫情，文章屬于新聞報道，最有可能出現在報紙上，故D項正確。CMostadultsfirmlybelievethataskidsreachtheirteens,theystarttotakecrazyrisksthatgetthemintrouble.Doteenagerssimplylovetakingallrisksmuchmorethanadults?Arecentstudysuggestsotherwise.Scientistsdesignedasimpleexperimentinvolving33teenagersandthreeotheragegroups.Intheexperiment,theresearcherstriedtodistinguishbetweentwoverydifferentkindsofrisktaking.Thefirsttheycalledawillingnesstotakeknownrisks(whentheprobabilityofwinningisclear)andthesecondtheycalledawillingnesstotakeunknownrisks(whenthepossibilityofsuccessisuncertain).Thestudyofferedparticipantstheopportunitytoplaytwokindsofgames.Theyhadthechancetowinmoney,withonegameofferingaknownriskandtheotherofferinganunknownrisk.Oneachroundofthegame,eachparticipanthadtochoosebetweentakingasure$5andknownorunknownrisksofwinningalotmore.Ifononeparticularroundtheyhadpickedthe$5forsurechoice,thentheygot$5.Butifonthatroundtheyhadchosentotakearisk,therulesofthegamewilldeterminewhetherornottheyhadwon.Iftheydidwin,theywenthomewithbetween$8and$125.And,ofcourse,iftheylost,theywenthomewithnothing.Whatthescientistsfoundwasreallyquitesurprising.Itturnedoutthattheaverageteenagerwasveryhesitantwhenriskswereknown—morecarefulthancollegestudentsorparentsagedadults,andaboutascarefulasgrandparentagedadults.Thismeansthatwhentheriskswereknown,teenagerswerenotriskyintheirbehavioratall.Onlywhentheriskswereuncleardidteenagerschoosethemmoreoftenthanothergroups.Underthosekindsofconditions,theyweremuchmorewillingtotakeariskthananyothergroup.So,whatdoesallofthismean?Theresearchsuggeststhatadultsshouldprobablyfocusmoreenergyontryingtoeducateteenagersaboutrisksthanlimitingthem.Teenagerswhounderstandtherisksassociatedwithadecisionaremorelikelytobecarefulintheirbehavior.8.ThisexperimentwascarriedoutbyA.dividingtheteensintothreegroupsB.paringthereactionstodifferentrisksC.givingequalamountofawardstotheparticipantsD.observingtheemotionalchangesoftheteenager9.Whenfacingknownrisksteenagerstendedtobe________.A.ambits B.cautiousC.anxious D.curious10.Whichgroupinthestudyweremorelikelytotakeunknownrisks?A.Teenagers. B.Collegestudents.C.Parentagedadults. D.Grandparentagedadults.11.Accordingtothestudy,parentsshouldfocuson________.A.guaranteeingchildrentobecarefulB.settingagelimitsondangerousactivitiesC.respectingteenstomaketheirownchoicesD.guidingteenstolearnmoreabouttheeffectofrisks【答案】8.B9.B10.A11.D【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章主要講了研究表明，當面臨已知的風險時，青少年往往很謹慎。只有當風險還不清楚時，青少年才會比其他群體更經常地選擇它們，所以父母應該集中精力引導青少年更多地了解風險的影響。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。答案定位在第三段Oneachroundofthegame,eachparticipanthadtochoosebetweentakingasure$5andknownorunknownrisksofwinningalotmore.Ifononeparticularroundtheyhadpickedthe$5forsurechoice,thentheygot$5.Butifonthatroundtheyhadchosentotakearisk,therulesofthegamewilldeterminewhetherornottheyhadwon.Iftheydidwin,theywenthomewithbetween$8and$125.And,ofcourse,iftheylost,theywenthomewithnothing.（在每一輪游戲中，每個參與者都必須在確定的5美元和已知或未知的贏得更多的風險之間做出選擇。如果在一個特定的回合中，他們肯定選擇了5美元，那么他們就得到了5美元。但如果他們在這一輪中選擇冒險，游戲規則將決定他們是否贏了。如果他們贏了，他們帶著8到125美元回家。當然，如果他們輸了，他們會一無所有地回家。）由此可知本實驗是通過比較對不同風險的反應來進行的，故選B。【9題詳解】細節理解題。答案定位在第四段Itturnedoutthattheaverageteenagerwasveryhesitantwhenriskswereknown—morecarefulthancollegestudentsorparentsagedadults,andaboutascarefulasgrandparentagedadults.（結果表明，當風險被了解時，一般的青少年都非常猶豫——比大學生或父母更謹慎，和祖父母一樣謹慎。）由此可知當面臨已知的風險時，青少年往往很謹慎，故選B。【10題詳解】細節理解題。答案定位在第四段Onlywhentheriskswereuncleardidteenagerschoosethemmoreoftenthanothergroups.Underthosekindsofconditions,theyweremuchmorewillingtotakeariskthananyothergroup.（只有當風險還不清楚時，青少年才會比其他群體更經常地選擇它們。在這種情況下，他們比其他任何一組人都更愿意冒險。）由此可知，研究中，青少年組更有可能承擔未知的風險，故選A。【11題詳解】細節理解題。答案定位在最后一段Theresearchsuggeststhatadultsshouldprobablyfocusmoreenergyontryingtoeducateteenagersaboutrisksthanlimitingthem.Teenagerswhounderstandtherisksassociatedwithadecisionaremorelikelytobecarefulintheirbehavior.（研究表明，成年人應該把更多的精力放在教育青少年認識風險上，而不是限制他們。了解決策風險的青少年在行為上更有可能謹慎。）由此可知根據這項研究，父母應該集中精力引導青少年更多地了解風險的影響，故選D。DSolarpowerishelpingbringaboutafutureofcleanerenergy,buttherearelimitstowhererigidsolarpanels(剛性太陽能電池板)cango.Anewkindofsolarcellmadewithamineralcalledperovskite(鈣鈦礦)cangoalmostanywhere,saysphysicistOlgaMalinkiewicz.Wecanuseperovskitecellsonthesurfacesofthebuilding,ontheroofsofthebuildings,ontheroofsofthecarsandontheelectronicdevices.Wecanuseitonthesails.Wecanuseitintheballs,tentsandunlimitedapplications.Malinkiewiczsaysperovskitehasbeeafavoriteamongsolarpanelresearchers.Becauseitcanbeprinted,everyonecanuseitoneverysurface.Malinkiewiczdevelopedawaytoprintperovskitepanelslikeaninkjetprinter.Shecofoundedapanytoproducethem,calledSoleilTechnologies,aftertheBalticsungoddess.ConstructionpanySkanskaistestingthepanelsattheirWarsawheadquarters.AdamTargowskiissustainable(可持續的)developmentmanagerforSkanska.Theyworkperfectly,evenwhentheyarenotwellexposedtosunlight.Sowecanusetheminallsurfacesofthebuilding.Soleilcalculatesthataboutonesquaremeterofpanelcansupplyaday’sworthofpowerforoneworker’sputerandlights.Andtheykeepgettingbetterasresearchcontinues,saysthepany’sscientificdirectorKonradWojciechowski.Forothertechnologies,ittookdecadestoreallyentermarkets.Perovskitehasbeenaroundonlyforfewyearsinscientificresearch,sothereisstillalottobedone,butpotentialisbasicallyprettymuchunlimited,Ithink.Therearestilldurabilityandotherproblemstoworkout,butseveralpaniesexpecttohaveperovskitepanelsonthemarketthisyear.12.Whatdoweknowaboutperovskitesolarcellfromthefirstparagraph?A.It’sdelicate. B.It’splex. C.It’sflexible. D.It’sexpensive.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inthesecondparagraphreferto?A.SkanskaandAdamTargowski.B.MalinkiewiczandSkanska.C.SoleilTechnologies.D.Perovskitepanels.14.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Itneedsyearstoputperovskitepanelsintomarkets.B.Scientiststhinkperovskitepanelsarereadyformarkets.C.Perovskitehasbeenstudiedfordecades.D.Perovskitepanelswillsoonbeseeninthemarket.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainhowtouseperovskitepanels.B.Tointroduceperovskitepanels.C.Toadvertiseanewsolarpowercell.D.Toproposescientiststofurtherstudyperovskietcells.【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一種新型太陽能電池——鈣鈦礦電池板的優點和前景。【12題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段中的“Anewkindofsolarcellmadewithamineralcalledperovskitecangoalmostanywhere”可知，鈣鈦礦太陽能電池沒有安裝位置的限制，由此可知它具有靈活性，故C項正確。【13題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據第二段第一句“Malinkiewiczdevelopedawaytoprintperovskitepanelslikeaninkjetprinter.”可知，Malinkiewicz發明了一種打印鈣鈦礦電池板的方法，就像噴墨打印機一樣，這類鈣鈦礦電池板特別好用，不管是否完全暴置于日光下都很好用，由此可知they指代的就是前面提到的鈣鈦礦電池板，故D項正確。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“butseveralpaniesexpecttohaveperovskitepanelsonthemarketthisyear.”可知，一些公司已經打算今年在市場上出售鈣鈦礦電池板了，由此可知，很快就能在市場上看到鈣鈦礦電池板，故D項正確。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是根據第一段中的“Anewkindofsolarcellmadewithamineralcalledperovskite(鈣鈦礦)cangoalmostanywhere”可知，本文主要介紹了一種新型太陽能電池——鈣鈦礦電池板的優點和前景，由此可知本文的目的就是介紹鈣鈦礦電池板，故B項正確。【點睛】科普說明文的主旨大意題難度較大，抓住具有轉折關系的句子是關鍵，因為轉折連詞往往會引出文章主題，例如本篇第4題，文章第一句說太陽能助力實現能源更加清潔的未來，但是剛性太陽能電池板的安裝位置是有限制的，這個轉折句引出文章主題——有一種新型的柔性電池板，它是由鈣鈦礦構成的，它沒有安裝的限制，由此可知本文的目的就是介紹鈣鈦礦電池板。第二節（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。根據短文內容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項,選項中有兩項為多余選項。Sincethe1980secotourismhasgrownandgrown.Itisthefastestgrowingtypeoftourism.Ifdonewell,ecotourismhasseveraladvantages.Itiskindertotheenvironment.___16___Thismeansthatmorenaturalhabitatisprotectedandthattheresourcesforbuildingefromsustainable(可持續的)sources.Anotheradvantageisthatpeopleinthedevelopedworldthroughecotourismgettoexperienceplacesofgreatnaturalimportanceaswellasmunicatingwithlocalpeople.___17___However,therearesomedisadvantagesofecotourism.Itisfeltbysomeenvironmentaliststhatanyhumanactivitywillcausedisorderintheroutineofanimals.___18___Anotherproblemforlocalpeopleisthattheyareexpectedtoposeforcamerasanddanceetc.formoney.___19___Thetouristsaredestroyingtheculturethattheyarepayingtoprotect.Ecotourismtriestogototheplacesfarawayfromothermunities.___20___Thereisnothingstoppingpeopletakingmoneyfromtouristsaswellasdoingenvironmentallyunfriendlyactivities.Itseemsthatthedisadvantagesoftenoutweightheadvantagesofecotourism.Itmightbebettertotakepicturesofanimalsratherthankillanimals,butgiventhechoicetheanimalswouldsoonernothavepeoplearound.Itseemswhetherecotourismshouldbeallowedshouldbejudgedcasebycase,andthatthelocalpeoplemustbeconsidered.A.Theseplacesareoftennotwellpoliced.B.Peoplewalkingthroughtheforestmaydomuchharm.C.Andtheseactivitieswillalsodamagetheecosystem.D.Itseldomendspeopletountouchedpartsoftheworld.E.Thisisgoodforbothparties:theybothcanbetterunderstandeachother.F.Anditencouragesdeveloperstoconsiderthenaturalenvironmentmore.G.Itdiscouragesthelocalpeoplefrompursuingtheirtraditionallifestyles.【答案】16.F17.E18.C19.G20.A【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了生態旅游的優點和缺點。【16題詳解】根據本空前的“Ifdonewell,ecotourismhasseveraladvantages.Itiskindertotheenvironment.”可知，生態旅游有很多好處，比如，它更環保，此處說的是另一個好處，故F項（它鼓勵開發者更多地考慮自然環境）符合語境。【17題詳解】根據本空前的“peopleinthedevelopedworldthroughecotourismgettoexperienceplacesofgreatnaturalimportanceaswellasmunicatingwithlocalpeople.”可知，通過生態旅游，發達國家的人們可以去極具自然價值的地方體驗，也可與當地人交流，此處是說與當地人交流的好處，故E項（這對雙方都有好處：他們都能更好地理解對方）符合語境。【18題詳解】根據本空前的“Itisfeltbysomeenvironmentaliststhatanyhumanactivitywillcausedisorderintheroutineofanimals.”可知，環保人士認為任何人類活動都會導致動物的日常生活紊亂，此處承接上文，講的是人類活動的另一個負面影響，故C項（這些活動也會破壞生態系統）符合語境。【19題詳解】根據本空前的“Anotherproblemforlocalpeopleisthattheyareexpectedtoposeforcamerasanddanceetc.formoney.”可知，當地人的另一個問題是他們被要求站在鏡頭前擺好姿勢、跳舞等賺錢，此處說的是這個問題對當地人的生活的影響，故G項（它阻礙了當地人追求他們傳統的生活方式）符合語境。【20題詳解】根據本空前的“Ecotourismtriestogototheplacesfarawayfromothermunities.”可知，生態旅游試圖去那些遠離其他社區的地方，此處承接上文，講的是這些地方的情況，故A項（這些地方往往治安不佳）符合語境。第二部分語言知識及應用（共兩節，滿分45分）第一節完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21~40各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Lazerlovesrunning,andalthoughheexperiencesaseriesofpotentiallyfatalheartproblems,healwayscherishesanewfinishlinetoinspirehis___21___.By2008,Lazerhadundergonesixheart___22___,andthelastonelefthim___23___.Inanattempttofeel___24___,hedecidedto___25___hisdietand,atthesuggestionofafriend,starteddrinkingmorenutrientpackedjuices.___26___,hebegantofeelgoodenoughto___27___hissneakersandhitthe___28___again.“After___29___thehospital,mygoalwasnotto____30____.IwantedtolivemylifeasIdesired,andthatmeantto____31____runningandbeinthebestshapethatIcan,”hesays.“Iwasn’tgoingtobesedentaryandsitonasofaand____32____theremote.ThebigthingformewasthatIwantedmyownlife.IwasgoingtodoeverythingIcouldtogetmylifeback.”ToLazer,thatmeantrunning,sinceitwassuchabigpartofthatlife.____33____,justmonthsafterthatsixthsurgeryin2008,hewasback____34____thestartinglineoftheLasVegas26.2.AndthispastNovember,hecrossedthefinishlineofhis18th____35____race.Lazer____36____runningasoneofthemainreasonshe’slivedwellbeyondthatoneyearprognosishegotbackin2004.“IbelieveIstartedrunning____37____knowingthatifIdidn’t,Iwouldn’tbelivingtoo____38____,”hesays.“RunningisapartofwhoIam—Iam____39____tobethebestthatIpossiblycanbe.It’ssuchahugepartofmylifethatmylifeseemsoutoforderifI’minjuredorIcan’trun.It’skindofmy____40____.”21.A.recovery B.champion C.petition D.growing22.A.hurts B.broken C.surgeries D.rehabilitation23.A.devastated B.debilitated C.strove D.hesitated24.A.brighter B.higher C.happier D.stronger25.A.pickup B.addup C.switchup D.turnup26.A.Eventually B.Normally C.Quickly D.Strangely27.A.putup B.laceup C.takeon D.controlwith28.A.master B.disease C.petitor D.road29.A.gettingoutof B.returningto C.runningoutof D.droppingout30.A.achieve B.promise C.change D.promote31.A.train B.find C.continue D.start32.A.switch B.play C.fiddle D.press33.A.Besides B.However C.But D.So34.A.from B.at C.on D.about35.A.consecutive B.successful C.ordinary D.special36.A.doubts B.credits C.hopes D.ponders37.A.somehow B.anyone C.somebody D.anyhow38.A.late B.long C.painful D.relaxed39.A.thinking B.struggling C.braving D.striving40.A.drug B.life C.anchor D.entire【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.C26.A27.B28.D29.A30.B31.C32.D33.D34.C35.A36.B37.A38.B39.D40.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了熱愛跑步的拉澤在做了六次心臟手術之后仍然堅持跑步的故事。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：拉澤熱愛跑步，盡管他可能會經歷一系列致命的心臟問題，他總是用新的終點線來激勵自己的康復（通過一次次的跑步來幫助自己康復）。A.recovery恢復；B.champion冠軍；C.petition競爭；D.growing成長。根據空后的“By2008,Lazerhadundergonesixheart___2___,”可知，到2008年，拉澤已經接受了六次心臟手術，因此他希望通過一次次的跑步來幫助自己康復，故A項正確。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：到2008年，拉澤已經接受了六次心臟手術，做完最后一次手術，他的身體極度虛弱。A.hurts疼痛；B.broken破碎；C.surgeries手術；D.rehabilitation復原。根據上文中的“heexperiencesaseriesofpotentiallyfatalheartproblems”可知，拉澤可能會經歷一系列致命的心臟問題，這說明拉澤做過多次心臟手術，故C項正確。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.devastated毀壞；B.debilitated使虛弱；C.strove斗爭；D.hesitated猶豫。空前一句說到2008年，拉澤已經接受了六次心臟手術，做了那么多次手術，他的身體一定極度虛弱，故B項正確。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：為了讓自己感覺更有力氣，他決定改變飲食，在朋友的建議下，他開始多喝營養豐富的果汁。A.brighter聰明的；B.higher高的；C.happier快樂的；D.stronger有力氣的、強壯的。空前一句說六次心臟手術使拉澤的身體極度虛弱，因此他想讓自己覺得更有力氣，故D項正確。【25題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.pickup撿起；B.addup合計；C.switchup轉換、改變；D.turnup出現。根據空后的“atthesuggestionofafriend,starteddrinkingmorenutrientpackedjuices.”可知，在朋友的建議下，他開始多喝營養豐富的果汁，這說明他決定改辦自己的飲食，故C項正確。【26題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，他感覺好多了，可以系上（穿上）運動鞋，再次上路了。A.Eventually最后、終于；B.Normally正常地；C.Quickly很快；D.Strangely奇怪地。空前一句說在朋友的建議下，拉澤改變飲食，開始多喝營養豐富的果汁，經過一段時間的調整，最后他感覺好多了，故A項正確。【27題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.putup張貼；B.laceup用帶子束緊；C.takeon承擔；D.controlwith控制。空前一句說最后拉澤感覺好多了，再結合空后的“hissneakers”可知，他可以系上（穿上）運動鞋（跑步）了，故B項正確。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.master大師；B.disease疾病；C.petitor對手；D.road路。根據上文中的“Lazerlovesrunning”可知，拉澤熱愛跑步，因此此處指“穿上運動鞋上路（跑步）”，故D項正確。【29題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：出院后，我的目標是不妥協。A.gettingoutof擺脫、從……中出來；B.returningto回到；C.runningoutof用完；D.droppingout退學。根據上文中的“By2008,Lazerhadundergonesixheart___2___,”可知，到2008年，拉澤已經先后六次住院做心臟手術，因此此處指“出院”，故A項正確。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.achieve達到；B.promise妥協；C.change改變；D.promote提升。空后一句說拉澤想過他想要的生活，這說明他拒絕妥協，故B項正確。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我想過我想要的生活，那意味著繼續跑步，并保持最好的狀態。A.train訓練；B.find發現；C.continue繼續；D.start開始。根據文章第一句可知拉澤一直熱愛跑步，空前一句又說他想過他想要的生活，這說明他要繼續跑步，故C項正確。【32題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：拉澤說：“我不想久坐在沙發上按遙控器（看電視）”。A.switch轉換；B.play玩耍；C.fiddle擺弄；D.press按。根據空后的“theremote”可知，拉澤說他不想久坐在沙發上按遙控器（看電視），故D項正確。【33題詳解】起跑線上。A.Besides況且；B.However然而；C.But但是；D.So所以。空前一句說對拉澤來說，這意味著跑步是他生活中的一個重要部分，所以在第六次手術幾個月后他就又回到了賽場上，故D項正確。【34題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.from從；B.at在；C.on在……上；D.about關于。根據空后的“thestartinglineoftheLasVegas26.2”可知，第六次手術幾個月后，拉澤又回到了拉斯維加斯26.2英里長跑比賽的起跑線上，onthestartingline表示“在起跑線上”，故C項正確。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：去年11月，他連續第十八次跨過終點線。A.consecutive連貫的、連續不斷的；B.successful成功的；C.ordinary普通的；D.special特別的。根據上文內容可知，拉澤熱愛跑步，第六次手術幾個月后就回到了賽場上，此后他會一直參加長跑比賽，因此此處指“連續第十八次跨過終點線”，旨在突出他一直參加長跑比賽，故A項正確。【36題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：拉澤認為跑步是他活得比醫生預測的時間要長得多的主要原因之一。A.doubts懷疑；B.credits贊頌、歸功于；C.hopes希望；D.ponders衡量。根據空后的“runningasoneofthemainreasonshe’slivedwellbeyondthatoneyearprognosis”可知，拉澤把自己能夠活得比醫生預測的時間要長得多歸功于跑步，故B項正確。【37題詳解】考查副詞/代詞詞義辨析。句意：我相信我開始跑步的時候就知道，如果我不這樣做，我就不會活得太久。A.somehow以某種方式、由于某種原因；B.anyone任何人；C.somebody某人；D.anyhow無論如何。根據空后的“knowingthatifIdidn’t,Iwouldn’tbelivingtoo___18___,”可知，我開始跑步的時候就知道，如果不跑步，我就不會活得太久，此處表示“以跑步這種方式、由于跑步這個原因”，故A項正確【38題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.late晚的；B.long久的；C.painful痛苦的；D.relaxed放松的。根據上文中的“Lazer___16___runningasoneofthemainreasonshe’slivedwellbeyondthatoneyearprognosishegotbackin2004.”可知，拉澤把自己能夠活得比醫生預測的時間要長得多歸功于跑步，因此此處指“如果不跑步，他就不會活得太久”，故B項正確。【39題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：跑步是我生命的一部分，我正在努力做到最好。A.thinking思考；B.struggling艱難地行進；C.braving勇敢面對；D.striving努力、力求。空前一句說跑步是我生命的一部分，因此我正在努力做到最好，故D項正確。【40題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它是我的精神支柱。A.drug藥物；B.life生活；C.anchor精神支柱；D.entire全部。空前一句拉澤說跑步是他生命中非常重要的一部分，如果他受傷或者跑不動的話，他的生活就不能正常，這說明跑步時他的精神支柱，故C項正確。【點睛】本篇第11空D項start干擾性較大，有些同學會認為拉澤開始跑步而誤選此項，但根據文章第一句中的“Lazerlovesrunning”可知拉澤一直熱愛跑步，這說明他在以前就已經開始跑步了，空前一句又說他想過他想要的生活，這說明他要繼續跑步而不是開始跑步，即：我想過我想要的生活，那意味著繼續跑步，并保持最好的狀態。故C項（continue）正確。第二部分語言知識及應用（共兩節，滿分45分）第二節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Litteriseverywhere，doinggreatharm___41___theenvironmentandlifeonourplanet.JeffKirschner，whowantstobuildalitterfreeworld，startedaglobalmunitynamedLitterati___42___(settle)thisproblem.Thestorybeganwithhis6yearolddaughter.Onedaytheyweregoingonahikewhenthegirlnoticeda___43___(break)plastictub(浴盆)inariver.Shesaid，“Daddy，thatdoesn’tgothere.”ThattookKirschnerbysurprise.He，likemanyadults，hadbeesousedtotherubbisharoundthemthathehadn’tgivenitasecondlook.___44___hisdaughtersaidremindedhimoftheseriousproblemourplanetfaces.Jeffstartedtotake___45___(act).HecreatedLitterati，anappthatmakesitfuntopickuplitter.Theideais___46___(fair)simple:Spotapieceoftrash，takeaphoto，postthephotoonlineandthenputthelitterintodustbins.___47___(see)thatJeffwaskeepingarecordofthepositiveimpacthewashavingontheplanet，peopleworldwidestartedparticipating.Uptonow，over2，500，000photospostedby3,500peoplefromover40countries___48___(find)theirwaytoLitterati’sdigitallandfill.Litteratiismorethananapp.Itisahighly___49___(effect)solutiontoapressingissue.Whereveryoulive，whateveryoudoand___50___youare，joinLitteratitomaketheworldacleanerandhealthierplacetolivein.【答案】41.to42.tosettle43.broken44.What45.action46.fairly47.Seeing48.havefound49.effective50.whoever【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了在女兒的影響下JeffKirschner創辦了一個名叫Litterati的app，鼓勵人們清理垃圾保護環境。【41題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：垃圾到處都是，對我們的環境和生活有很大的壞處。動詞短語doharmto意為“對…有害”，該短語的現在分詞形式在句中做狀語。所以句中要填介詞to。【42題詳解】考查不定式。句意：Kirschner想要建設一個沒有垃圾的世界，為了解決這個問題，他開辦了一個名為Litterati的全球社區。句中不定式短語tosettlethisproblem在句中做充當目的狀語。所以句中要填不定式tosettle。【43題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：有一天，他們正在遠足，在這時他的女兒注意到河里有一個壞了的塑料浴盆。形容詞broken意為“壞了的”，在句中充當定語，修飾plastictub。所以要填broken。【44題詳解】考查主語從句。句意：他的女兒說的話提醒了他我們的星球所面臨的這個嚴重的問題。句中what引導主語從句并在句中充當動詞said的賓語。所以