Unit2TheuniversallanguagePart2Grammarandusage&Integratedskills基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.(2020浙江)Ihopemygoodnewsforyouwill(帶走)awaytheshadowofdisease.

2.(2024廣東江門月考)Theyreachedthecompanyoutof(呼吸)onlytobetoldtheywerefired.

3.Theinnovationwasmore(復(fù)雜的)thantheyhadrealized.

4.Asthesayinggoes,adrelativeisnotashelpfulasanearneighbour.

5.(2022新高考Ⅰ)Itwashisbraveheartandstrongfaiththatcouldmakesomething(不尋常的)happenfinally.

Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Themasterusuallyhasanassistantwhoaccompaniesherthepiano.

2.(2021浙江)However,whatmychildrenwanttodoafterschoolispickupascreen—anyscreen—andstareitforhours.

3.(2022新高考Ⅱ)Thecouplehasahighsuccessrateingettingacceptedashousesittersandtheyalwaysgobeyondthehomeowner’s(expect).

4.(2021全國(guó)甲)Ittookusabout3hours(go)allthewayaroundtheXi’anCityWall.

5.Nochildunder12isallowedtogotothelakealone;theymust(accompany)byaparent.

Ⅲ.單元語(yǔ)法專練1.(2020江蘇)Beinggoodatsomethingand(have)apassionforitarenotenough.

2.(defeat)bythevisitingteammadeallofusupset.

3.Itisnouse(complain)abouttoomuchhomework.

4.(2022天津)Inoneexperiment,testsubjects(實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象)wereaskedtojudgepeopleafter(hand)ahotoracolddrink.

5.Theancienttemplehasalreadyfallenintoruinsandneeds(repair).

6.Reviewingwhat’slearnedontime(be)agoodwaytoenhanceourstudyefficiency.

7.(2020天津)Joneswasshockedwhenshesaidthatshedidn’tactuallymind(cheat).

8.Aslongasweputasideourcellphonesandgetdownto(spend)timewithourfamily,wewillneverletourfamilydown.

9.Toavoid(see)bytheteacher,Tonystoleintotheclassroombythebackdoor.

10.Bob’s(come)tohelpcontributedtotheon-timeaccomplishmentofourtask.

Ⅳ.完成句子1.我們應(yīng)該讓孩子遠(yuǎn)離觸電的危險(xiǎn),尤其是當(dāng)他們還不能夠照顧自己的時(shí)候。(capable)Weshouldpreventourchildrenfromanelectricshockespeciallywhencareofthemselves.

2.據(jù)說(shuō)他的新歌的靈感來(lái)自一首詩(shī)。theinspirationforhisnewsongcamefromapoem.

3.Marksaidthathewasnotsuitableforthejob,sohedecidedtoresignfromthecompany.(句型轉(zhuǎn)換;suitable)→Marksaidthatthejob,sohedecidedtoresignfromthecompany.

能力提升練Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2024湖南階段練習(xí))Tasteinmusicvariesconsiderably,butwhateverpeopleenjoylisteningto,theyoftenreportanemotionalresponsethathasatouchofphysicalreactiontoit.Maybeyoufeelpleasantmusicgivesyouthefeelingofbeingcold,ormakesyourhairstandonend.Bystudyingarareperson,namedBW,whodoesnotlikeorrespondtomusicatall,psychologistPsycheLouiofNortheasternUniversityhasdiscoveredthatconnectivitypatternsinthebrainlinkfindingmusicrewardingwithfindingsocialinteractionenjoyable.“BWsaidhehadneverunderstoodwhypeopleenjoymusic,”Louisays.BWisnotsomeonewhodoesn’tlikeart,Louisays.“Hegoestomuseums.He’sanenthusiasticphotographer.Helikesgoodfood.Helikeslongwalksonthebeach.Hejustdoesn’tlikemusic.”HetoldLouithatwhenhesawapersonatthegrocerystorewithheadphonesinhisearsdancingtomusic,hecouldneverunderstandwhyanyonewoulddothat.“Thisreallyseemstobeasomewhatsociallyweakeningexperience,”Louisays.“Giventhatmusicisimportantforsocialbondingacrossdifferentculturesandgiventhatmusicisawayforthehearingsystemtoconnecttotherewardsystem,onestrongpredictionisthatmusicrewardsensitivitycanpartiallyexplainindividualdifferencesinsensitivitytosocialreward.”“Thisnewlydiscoveredconnectivitybetweenthehearingandrewardsystemsmightbewhywefeelemotionsinresponsetomusic,”Louisays.“Ithinkthatthere’saroleofmusicforsocialbonding.”Shealsothinksthereareinfluencesfromthisworkonotherconditionswithlowsocialreward.“Ifpeoplewhodon’tlovemusichavedifferencesinspecificsystemsinthebrain,thenthatshowsthesespecificsystemsarerelatedtotheloveofmusic.Thenwecanexaminewhatelseengageswiththesesamesystemsandwhatotherabilitiesorhumancapacitiesarelinkedtomusic.”1.Whyare“beingcold”and“hairstandonend”mentionedinParagraph1?A.Todeveloptheplot.B.Todrawaconclusion.C.Tomakecomparisons.D.Tosupporttheargument.2.WhatisBW’sattitudetowardsmusic?A.Hethinksmusicisimportantinsocialbonding.B.Heenjoysmusicwhilewanderingonthebeach.C.Hetakeslittleinterestinandisunresponsivetomusic.D.Hefiguresmusicislessimportantthanartandfood.3.WhatwillLouiprobablyexamineinthefollow-upstudy?A.Whatrolemusicplaysinsocialbonding.B.Howpeoplerespondtomusicemotionally.C.Whetherspecificmusicinfluencesthebrainsystem.D.Whatotherhumanabilitiesarelinkedwithmusic.4.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.People’semotionalandphysicalreactionstobeautifulmusic.B.Connectionsbetweenenjoymentofmusicandsocialinteraction.C.Relationshipsamongsocialbonding,diverseculturesandmusic.D.Linksamongmusicsensibility,thehearingsystemandtherewardsystem.Ⅱ.七選五(2024江蘇省運(yùn)河中學(xué)月考)Whatwouldtheworldbelikewithoutmusic?1Thetruthisthatwealllovemusicformanydifferentreasons.Listeningtomusicprovidesallofuswithsomanydifferentbenefits.Herearefourreasonswhyyoushouldlistentomusicdailyinyourlife.

Musichelpsreducestress.Musicisgreatfordancing,havingfunandmakingyourdaygofaster.Butdoyouknowthatlisteningtomusicactuallyhelpstorelievestress?Accordingtoseveralresearchesandstudies,musichelpscalmindividualsdownandeasepeople’sphysiological(生理的)stress.2

Musichelpsyousleep.Doyouhavetroublesleepingatnight?3Accordingtoastudy,thosewithpoorsleepinghabitsbenefitgreatlybylisteningtomusic.Andclassicalmusicespeciallyisaneffectivetreatmentforovercomingsleepingproblems.

Musichelpsimprovesocialskills.4Thenyoushouldstartplayingsomemusicatonce.Musicactuallyhelpspeopleimprovetheirsocialskills.Bylisteningtomusic,youwilllikelyendupintheplaceswhereotherswithsimilarmusicaltasteswillbe.Itcouldbeinaclubpartyorevenonasocialmediasite.

5Itmaybehardtobelieve,butcertaintypesofmusiccanactuallyhelpyoustaydedicated.Inastudy,researchersfoundthatbothclassicalandbaroquemusichavetheeffectonpeople.Thestudyfoundthatthemelodyandrhythmofthesetypesofmusiccancalmyoudown.

A.Musichelpsyouconcentrate.B.Itishardtoimaginesuchathing.C.Doyouwanttomakemorefriends?D.Soifyouwanttorelax,turnontheradiorightaway.E.Ifso,whynotlistentosomemusicbeforegoingtobed?F.Musiccanhelpimproveyourperformanceinworkorstudy.G.Youcanalsomeetnewpeopleandhavefunwhileyou’reataparty.1.2.3.4.5.

Ⅲ.完形填空(2023江蘇南京月考)In1992,thefirstpianoarrivedonMahaniTeave’sdistantisland—RapaNui.Teavetookherfirstlessonsonthatpiano.Theystrengthenedherloveofthepianoand1theyoungmusiciantoleaveherhomeforyearsofstudy.

Teave’striptothemainlandcamebecauseofthe2ofRobertoBravo,awell-knownpianistwhoheardherplay.Justnineyearsold,sheenrolledinAustralUniversityofChileinValdivia.Asateenager,awardsbeganto3,includingfirstplaceattheClaudioArrauPianoCompetition.“Teaveisextraordinarilygifted.Thepowerofconcentrationthatshe4isfirst-class,”saysFabioBidini,afamouspianist,5thatTeavewouldearnaworldwidereputation.

ButafteryearsofstudyinBerlin,Teavefelttheisland6herheart.Shebegantothinkofgivingupthe7career.“Therewasthisumbilicalcord(臍帶)8mewiththeislandandsaying,‘Mahani,youhadallthese9.Therearelotsofchildrenwhoare10tohavethemtoo,andonlyyoucandothis.’”

Thememoriesofheryouthful11formusichaunted(縈繞)her.She12thepainfeltwhengoodteachersappearedontheisland,andthensuddenly13theisland.“Itwasbreakingchildren’sdreamsoverandoveragain,”shesays.

Teavesoonmovedbacktotheislandandopenedamusicschool.“Itis14toseethechildrenlearning.Iamcontent,”shesays.Teavemayhavegivenupasuccessfulcareer,butshegainsmore—the15ofsupportingthedreamsofchildren,hungrytolearnmusic.

1.A.allowedB.remindedC.stimulatedD.trained2.A.challengeB.expectationC.defenseD.recommendation3.A.rollinB.makesenseC.takeeffectD.standout4.A.deservesB.possessesC.combinesD.desires5.A.admittingB.advocatingC.respondingD.predicting6.A.breakingB.affectingC.makingD.knowing7.A.promisingB.encouragingC.surprisingD.interesting8.A.comparingB.exchangingC.connectingD.replacing9.A.giftsB.opportunitiesC.reputationsD.profits10.A.determinedB.certainC.willingD.desperate11.A.hungerB.appreciationC.capabilityD.responsibility12.A.toleratedB.relievedC.recalledD.estimated13.A.ignoredB.leftC.forgotD.disliked14.A.possibleB.essentialC.wiseD.pleasant15.A.impressionB.satisfactionC.professionD.intention答案與分層梯度式解析Unit2TheuniversallanguagePart2Grammarandusage&Integratedskills基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)練Ⅰ.1.plicated4.distant5.unusualⅡ.1.at/on考查介詞。accompanysb.at/on...表示“用……為某人伴奏”,為固定搭配。故填at或on。句意:通常,這位大師有一個(gè)用鋼琴為她伴奏的助手。2.at考查介詞。stareat...表示“盯著……看;凝視……”,故填at。句意:然而,我的孩子們放學(xué)后想做的是拿起一個(gè)屏幕——任何屏幕——盯著它看幾個(gè)小時(shí)。3.expectations考查名詞。beyondone’sexpectations意為“出乎某人的意料”。故填expectations。句意:這對(duì)夫婦被接受為看房人的成功率很高,他們總是超出房主的預(yù)期。類比啟發(fā)beyond的常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ):beyondone’spower超出某人的能力;beyondone’sreach夠不著;beyonddescription無(wú)法描述;beyondcomparison無(wú)與倫比。4.togo考查動(dòng)詞不定式。“Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.”為固定句式,意為“做某事花費(fèi)某人一些時(shí)間”,故填togo。句意:我們花了大約3個(gè)小時(shí)走完了西安城墻。5.beaccompanied考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞accompany與主語(yǔ)they之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);設(shè)空處前有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must,故填beaccompanied。句意:12歲以下的兒童不得單獨(dú)前往湖邊;他們必須由家長(zhǎng)陪同。Ⅲ.1.having設(shè)空處與前面的Being并列,作句子的主語(yǔ),也應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式,故填having。句意:擅長(zhǎng)某件事并對(duì)其充滿熱情是不夠的。2.Beingdefeated分析句子成分可知,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞made前是主語(yǔ),結(jié)合“bythevisitingteam”可知,需用動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)形式作主語(yǔ),故填Beingdefeated。句意:被客隊(duì)擊敗使我們大家都很沮喪。3.complaining分析句子可知,此處是“Itisnouse+動(dòng)詞-ing形式”句型,It作形式主語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞-ing形式作真正的主語(yǔ),故填complaining。句意:抱怨作業(yè)太多是沒(méi)有用的。4.beinghandedafter后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞hand與其邏輯主語(yǔ)testsubjects之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)形式,故填beinghanded。句意:在一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中,測(cè)試對(duì)象被要求在被遞給熱飲或冷飲后判斷人。5.repairing/toberepairedneed表示“需要”時(shí),后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義,相當(dāng)于tobedone,故填repairing或toberepaired。句意:這座古廟已經(jīng)毀壞,需要修繕。6.is分析句子可知,句子主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);且此處陳述一般事實(shí),所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故填is。句意:按時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)是提高我們的學(xué)習(xí)效率的好方法。7.beingcheated動(dòng)詞mind后面常用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ),且所給提示詞cheat與其邏輯主語(yǔ)she之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)形式,故填beingcheated。句意:當(dāng)她說(shuō)她其實(shí)并不介意被騙時(shí),瓊斯很震驚。8.spendinggetdownto后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ),意為“開始做某事”,故填spending。句意:只要我們把手機(jī)放在一邊,開始花時(shí)間和家人在一起,我們就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)讓家人沮喪。9.beingseenavoid后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ),結(jié)合bytheteacher可知,此處需用動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)形式,故填beingseen。句意:為了避免被老師看見(jiàn),托尼從后門溜進(jìn)了教室。10.coming分析句子可知,謂語(yǔ)contributedto前是主語(yǔ),空前為Bob’s,所以用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。句意:鮑勃前來(lái)幫助有助于我們按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。Ⅳ.1.theyarenotcapableoftaking2.Itissaidthat3.itwasnotsuitableforhimtodo能力提升練Ⅰ.◎語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了心理學(xué)家揭示了享受音樂(lè)與社交互動(dòng)之間的聯(lián)系。1.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知,音樂(lè)的品味差異很大,但無(wú)論人們喜歡聽什么,他們通常都會(huì)給出一種與身體反應(yīng)有關(guān)的情緒反應(yīng);第二句則提到“beingcold”和“hairstandonend”,由此推知其目的是對(duì)上文提到的“與身體反應(yīng)有關(guān)的情緒反應(yīng)”進(jìn)行舉例說(shuō)明,來(lái)支持該觀點(diǎn)。故選D。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“BWisnotsomeonewhodoesn’tlikeart...Hejustdoesn’tlikemusic.”和“Hetold...hecouldneverunderstandwhyanyonewoulddothat.”可知,BW對(duì)音樂(lè)不感興趣,也沒(méi)有反應(yīng),故選C。3.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Ifpeoplewhodon’tlovemusic...Thenwecanexaminewhatelseengageswiththesesamesystemsandwhatotherabilitiesorhumancapacitiesarelinkedtomusic.”可知,如果不喜歡音樂(lè)的人大腦中的特定系統(tǒng)存在差異,那么這表明這些特定系統(tǒng)與對(duì)音樂(lè)的熱愛(ài)有關(guān),然后我們可以調(diào)查還有什么與這些系統(tǒng)有關(guān),以及還有哪些其他能力或人類能力與音樂(lè)有關(guān)。由此推知,在接下來(lái)的研究中,Loui將會(huì)研究人類還有哪些能力與音樂(lè)有關(guān)。故選D。4.B主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段提到的PsycheLoui通過(guò)研究一個(gè)罕見(jiàn)的完全不喜歡音樂(lè)或?qū)σ魳?lè)沒(méi)有反應(yīng)的人,發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦中的連接模式將發(fā)現(xiàn)音樂(lè)有益與發(fā)現(xiàn)社交互動(dòng)有趣聯(lián)系起來(lái);第四段也提到音樂(lè)是聽覺(jué)系統(tǒng)與獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)系統(tǒng)連接的一種方式,一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的預(yù)測(cè)是,音樂(lè)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)敏感性可以部分解釋個(gè)體對(duì)社會(huì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)敏感性的差異;最后一段呼應(yīng)第一段,Loui認(rèn)為音樂(lè)對(duì)社會(huì)關(guān)系有一定的作用。由此推知,文章主要介紹的是享受音樂(lè)和社交之間的聯(lián)系,故選B。【高頻詞匯】1.varyv.不同2.respondto/inresponseto...回應(yīng)……3.patternn.模式4.interactionn.互動(dòng),交流5.rewardn.獎(jiǎng)勵(lì),回報(bào)6.specificadj.明確的;特定的7.examinev.調(diào)查;檢查8.capacityn.能力;容量【熟詞生義】engagev.與……有密切關(guān)系【差距詞匯】1.considerablyadv.非常2.haveatouchof略帶;稍有長(zhǎng)難句原句“Giventhatmusicisimportantforsocialbondingacrossdifferentculturesandgiventhatmusicisawayforthehearingsystemtoconnecttotherewardsystem,onestrongpredictionisthatmusicrewardsensitivitycanpartiallyexplainindividualdifferencesinsensitivitytosocialreward.”分析本句是主從復(fù)合句。兩個(gè)giventhat都引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句,表示“考慮到……”;“thatmusicreward...socialreward”是that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。譯文“考慮到音樂(lè)對(duì)不同文化的社會(huì)聯(lián)系很重要,而且音樂(lè)是聽覺(jué)系統(tǒng)與獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)系統(tǒng)連接的一種方式,一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的預(yù)測(cè)是,音樂(lè)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)敏感性可以部分解釋個(gè)體對(duì)社會(huì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)敏感性的差異。”Ⅱ.◎語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)人們應(yīng)該聽音樂(lè)的原因。1.B設(shè)空處前一句提出疑問(wèn),如果這個(gè)世界沒(méi)有音樂(lè)會(huì)怎么樣?結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知,B項(xiàng)“很難想象這樣的事情”承接上文,符合語(yǔ)境,說(shuō)明沒(méi)有音樂(lè)是可怕的,是很難想象的。故選B。2.D設(shè)空處前一句說(shuō)明音樂(lè)可以減少人的壓力,D項(xiàng)“所以如果你想放松一下,馬上打開收音機(jī)”承接上文,體現(xiàn)了音樂(lè)減少壓力的作用。故選D。3.E設(shè)空處上文提到音樂(lè)可以助眠,并提出疑問(wèn),你晚上會(huì)睡不著嗎?E項(xiàng)“如果是這樣,為什么不睡前聽聽音樂(lè)呢?”承接上文,符合語(yǔ)境,說(shuō)明了作者的建議,即在睡前聽音樂(lè),呼應(yīng)了前面的音樂(lè)助眠的作用。故選E。4.C設(shè)空處前一句說(shuō)明音樂(lè)有助于社交,即可以幫人交朋友,C項(xiàng)“你想交更多的朋友嗎?”承接上文,進(jìn)行了設(shè)問(wèn),且和下文“那么你應(yīng)該馬上開始播放一些音樂(lè)”提出的利用音樂(lè)來(lái)交朋友的做法相呼應(yīng)。故選C。5.A設(shè)空處是本段主旨句,后一句說(shuō)明音樂(lè)可以幫助人集中注意力,并列舉了相關(guān)的研究,所以A項(xiàng)“音樂(lè)可以幫助你集中(注意力)”概括了本段主旨。故選A。【高頻詞匯】1.benefitn.益處;優(yōu)勢(shì)2.relievevt.緩和,緩解;解除,減輕3.stressn.壓力;強(qiáng)調(diào)4.calm...down使……平靜下來(lái)5.effectiveadj.有效的6.treatmentn.治療;處理【熟詞生義】1.tasten.品味2.certainadj.某種【差距詞匯】1.dedicatedadj.專注的;專用的2.baroqueadj.巴洛克風(fēng)格的Ⅲ.◎語(yǔ)篇解讀文章主要敘述了鋼琴家Teave的成長(zhǎng)之路,以及她幫助渴望學(xué)習(xí)音樂(lè)的孩子們實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的故事。1.C根據(jù)上文“Theystrengthenedherloveofthepiano”可知,它們加深了她對(duì)鋼琴的熱愛(ài),結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知stimulated與strengthened并列,都表示正面的促進(jìn)作用。allow允許;remind提醒;stimulate激勵(lì);train訓(xùn)練。故選C。2.D根據(jù)下文的“awell-knownpianistwhoheardherplay”和“Justnineyearsold,sheenrolledinAustralUniversityofChile”可知,RobertoBravo聽過(guò)她的演奏,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)推知,Teave的大陸之旅是由這位著名鋼琴家“推薦”的。challenge挑戰(zhàn);expectation期望;defense防御;recommendation推薦。故選D。3.A根據(jù)下文的“includingfirstplaceattheClaudioArrauPianoCompetition”和“Teaveisextraordinarilygifted.”可推知,在她十幾歲時(shí),她獲得了許多獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng),即各種獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)“滾滾而來(lái)”。rollin大量涌入,滾滾而來(lái);makesense有意義;takeeffect生效;standout突出。故選A。4.B根據(jù)上文的“Teaveisextraordinarilygifted.”和下文的“Teavewouldearnaworldwidereputation”可知,Teave非常有天賦,著名鋼琴家FabioBidini預(yù)言她將享譽(yù)全世界,