計算機輔助設(shè)計和測斜分析系統(tǒng)COMPASSComputerizedPlanning&AnalysisSurveySystem簡介COMPASS是一套用于定向井設(shè)計和監(jiān)控的軟件包。隨著它的升級，現(xiàn)在它的功能已經(jīng)相當(dāng)完備，包括鉆前的軌跡設(shè)計、水力參數(shù)估算、鉆具分析到現(xiàn)場的軌跡監(jiān)控、跟蹤設(shè)計及完井報告等，是一套定向井方面的優(yōu)秀軟件。功能模塊定向井?dāng)?shù)據(jù)庫定向井設(shè)計定向井測量防碰掃描完井報告相關(guān)功能圖例定向井?dāng)?shù)據(jù)庫建立及管理五級數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)CompanyFieldSiteWellWellpathCompanySetupCompanySetupSurveyErrorModel(測量誤差模型)SystematicEllipse(系統(tǒng)橢圓誤差

)ConeofError(錐形誤差

)ISCWSA(TheIndustrySteeringCommitteeforWellboreSurveyAccuracy)(矢量誤差

)CompanySetupSurveyErrorModel(測量誤差模型)SystematicEllipse(系統(tǒng)橢圓誤差

)工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，1981年，SPE9223系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)因和外因引起發(fā)生在同一個矢量方向上不考慮隨機誤差測斜閱讀誤差較小或者可以取消某些系數(shù)和加權(quán)數(shù)不適合MWD和速率陀螺六種誤差系數(shù)CompanySetupSurveyErrorModel(測量誤差模型)SystematicEllipse(系統(tǒng)橢圓誤差

)六種誤差系數(shù)MisalignmentError(偏心誤差)RelativeDepthError(相關(guān)深度誤差)TrueInclinationError(基本井斜誤差)CompassReferenceError(參考羅盤誤差)GyroscopeAzimuthError(陀螺參考方位誤差

)MagneticAzimuthError(磁方位誤差)CompanySetupSurveyErrorModel(測量誤差模型)ConeofError(錐形誤差

)基于現(xiàn)場數(shù)據(jù)和實驗數(shù)據(jù)的比較經(jīng)驗化計算公式：前一個球體半徑+測量間距x

工具誤差系數(shù)/1000以(井眼誤差＋井眼半徑)開始CompanySetupSurveyErrorModel(測量誤差模型)ISCWSA(矢量誤差

)主要針對固態(tài)磁性儀器，例如MWD，ESS涉及系統(tǒng)誤差SPE56702CompanySetupSurveyErrorModel(測量誤差模型)InputErrors(輸入誤差)&OutputErrors(輸出誤差)1.00sigma:65%2.00sigma:95%CompanySetupCalculationDefaults(默認(rèn)計算方法)SurveyCalculation(測量計算)AverageAngle(平均角法)BalanceTangential(平衡正切法)MinimumCurvature(最小曲率法)RadiusofCurvature(曲率半徑法)CompanySetupCalculationDefaultsVerticalSectionSlotSiteVerticalSectionSiteSlotCompanySetupCalculationDefaultsWalk/TurnMD變化率=狗腿基本長度x測量變化/深度變化HDL變化率=狗腿基本長度x測量變化xsin((L1+L2)/2)/深度變化L1是開始井斜，L2是結(jié)束井斜CompanySetupAnticollisionSettings(防碰設(shè)置)ScanMethod(包括四種掃描方法)(3D)ClosestApproach(三維逼近法)TravelingCylinder(法平面法)Horizontalplane(水平面法)TravelingCylinderNorth(HighSide+Azimuth)CompanySetupAnticollisionSettings(防碰設(shè)置)ScanMethod(3D)ClosestApproach(三維逼近法)CompanySetupAnticollisionSettings(防碰設(shè)置)ScanMethodTravelingCylinder(法平面法)CompanySetupAnticollisionSettings(防碰設(shè)置)ScanMethodHorizontalplane(水平面法)CompanySetupAnticollisionSettings(防碰設(shè)置)ScanMethodTravelingCylinderNorth(HighSide+Azimuth)HighSide+AzimuthErrorSurfaceCompanySetupAnticollisionSettings(防碰設(shè)置)ErrorSurface(誤差面)EllipticalConicCircularConicRectangularConicIncludeCasingsCompanySetupAnticollisionSettingsWarningLevelsorRulesErrorRatio(誤差比)DepthRatio(深度比)RiskBased(風(fēng)險底線)CompanySetupAnticollisionSettingsWarningLevelsorRulesErrorRatioRatiofactor=(CentertoCenterdistance)/(R1+R2)如為1.00，指兩井誤差圓正好相碰.CompanySetupAnticollisionSettingsWarningLevelsorRulesDepthRatioDepthRatio=誤差半徑/井深MaxRadius最大半徑CompanySetupAnticollisionSettingsWarningLevelsorRulesRiskBased估計相碰的概率如為0.01，指100口井里有1口井相碰的概率FieldSetupFieldSetupGeographicReferenceSystemGeodeticSystem大地測量系統(tǒng)Geodeticdatum大地基準(zhǔn)MapZoneFieldSetupGeographicReferenceSystemGeodeticSystem坐標(biāo)系，投影模型常用系統(tǒng)FlatEarthUTM(UniversalTransverseMercator)墨卡托通用橫軸投影系統(tǒng)North(X),East(Y)LambertProjectionGPS(GlobalPositioningSystem)CGP(ChinaGaussProjection)中國高斯投影USStateplaneCo-ordinateSystem1983美國國家坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)1983FieldSetupGeographicReferenceSystemGeodeticDatum大地基準(zhǔn)定義投影的中心和半徑常用系統(tǒng)WGS84(WorldGeodeticSystem1984)1984年世界大地測量系統(tǒng)Krasovsky19401940年克拉索夫斯基FieldSetupGeographicReferenceSystemGeodeticSystemUTM世界劃分為60個區(qū)，每經(jīng)度6o為一區(qū)以赤道為0點，南北各84o最大特點是經(jīng)線表象為平行直線適用于近赤道低，沿緯線延伸地區(qū)FieldSetupGeographicReferenceSystemGeodeticSystemUTMFieldSetupFieldSetupGeographicReferenceSystemGeodeticSystem高斯投影FieldSetupGeographicReferenceSystemGeodeticDatum大地基準(zhǔn)WGS84協(xié)議地球坐標(biāo)系FieldSetupGeomagneticModelIGRFInternationalGeomagneticReferenceField校正期：每5年WMMWorldMagneticModel校正期：每5年DGRFDefinitiveGeomagneticReferenceField校正期：每5年BGGMBritishGeologicSurveyGeomagneticModel校正期：每年FieldSetupLocalCoordinateSystemWellCentreSiteCentreFieldCentreUseGeodeticScaleFactor4m/10000mWellCentreSiteCentreFieldCentreVerticalDatumReferenceWellpathDatumSystemDatumWellReferencePoint相對比較固定的位置井口泥線VerticalDatumReferenceFieldSetupGeographicReferenceSystemGeodeticDatum大地基準(zhǔn)WGS84基本參數(shù)長半軸a=6,378,137±2m

地球引力常數(shù)GM=3,986,005X108m3s-2±0.6X108m3s-2

正常化二階帶球諧系數(shù)C2.0

=-484.16685X10-6±1.3X10-9地球角速度ω=7,292,115X10-11rads-1±0.150010-11rads-1

參考橢球體對比Name平均曲率半徑扁率采用國家GRS19806,378,1376,356,752.31/298.257UTMWGS19726,378,1356,356,750.51/298.26NASAAustralian19656,378,1606,356,774.71/298.25AustraliaKrasovsky19406,378,2456,356,863.01/298.25USSRInternatl19246,378,3886,356,911.91/297保留HAYford19096,378,3886,356,911.91/297保留Clarkel18806,378,249.16,356,514.91/293.46Africa,FranceClarkel18666,378,206.46,356,583.81/294.98USA,PhilippinesAiry18496,377,563.46,356,256.91/299.32BritainBessel18416,377,397.26,356,079.01/299.13Europe,Chile,IndonesiaEverset18306,377,276.36,356,075.41/300.80India,Burma,Pakistan,Afghan,Thailand;etc.SiteSetupSiteSetupCentreLocationNoneLocalCoordinate無防碰功能MapNorthing&Easting網(wǎng)格坐標(biāo)GeographicLatitude&LongitudeGPSLeaseLineLeaseLine SiteSetupElevationReferenceOffshoreWaterDepthOnshoreGroundLevelElevationSiteSetupAzimuthReferenceTrueNorth指向北極點的方向GridNorth投影網(wǎng)格圖的正北方向MagneticNorth磁北極SiteSetupAzimuthReference磁偏角MagneticDeclination真北(TrueNorth)和磁北(MagneticNorth)的夾角收斂角GridConvergence真北(TrueNorth)和網(wǎng)格北(DipNorth)的夾角磁傾角DipAngle磁力線與地表的夾角NorthReferenceGNvs.TNAzimuthReferenceWellSetupWellSetupPositionUncertainty推薦用基板時設(shè)為0與SiteUncertainty區(qū)別WellpathSetupWellpathSetupVerticalSection多靶點閉合位移練習(xí)建立一口井的數(shù)據(jù)庫資料來源客戶提供公司CreateTemplateCreateTemplateLayoutRectangleCircleSingleSlotRectangularTemplateNumberingRowColumnRectangularTemplatePatternPositionPositionoftopleftslotrelativetotemplatecentrePattenSpacingX-SpacingY-SpacingPatternRotationRectangularTemplateCircleTemplate練習(xí)TargetName&LocationTargetGeometry幾何形狀DrillingTargetConfidenceLevel擊中靶區(qū)的概率ConfidenceLevel練習(xí)PlanPlanPlan2DSlantSWell3DBuild/TurnDogleg/ToolfaceOtherModeHoldOptimumAlignLandingCalculatorSlantWellMeasureddepthofKOP造斜點深度Buildrate造斜率Maximuma