Unit2語法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________理解并掌握被動語態的結構及用法被動語態1.被動語態的構成：be+p.p.(pastparticiple動詞的過去分詞)2.不同時態的被動語態的構成一般現在時的被動語態：am/is/are+p.p.一般過去時的被動語態：was/were+p.p.一般將來時的被動語態：willbe+done/begoingto+p.p.現在進行時的被動語態：am/is/are+being+p.p.過去進行時的被動語態：was/were+being+p.p.現在完成時的被動語態：have/has+been+p.p.過去完成時的被動語態：had+been+p.p.含有情態動詞的被動語態：情態動詞(can,may,must)+be+p.p.eg:Theroomisfilledwithsmoke.Thebridgewasn’tbuiltuntil1914.Everythingwillbedonetoputoutthefire.Theroomisbeingcleanedatthemoment.Hetoldmethattheroadwasbeingrepaired.Allofthefoodhasbeeneatenup.MyhomeworkhadbeendonebeforeIwenthome.3.使役動詞、感官動詞的被動語態帶復合賓語(賓語+賓補)的動詞改為被動語態時，把主動結構中的賓語改為主語，而賓語補足語保留在謂語動詞后面。如：(1)Wealwayskeeptheclassroomclean.(keepsth.clean)→Theclassroomisalwayskeptclean.(sthbekeptclean)(2)Shetoldusnottostayuplate.(tellsbnottodo…)→Weweretoldnottostayuplate.(sb.betoldnottodo…)注意：在see,watch,hear,notice,listento,lookat,make,feel等動詞后作賓語補足語的動詞不定式都不帶to，但改成被動語態后都補上to。Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar.→Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar.記住下列變化：seesbdo… beseentodohearsbdo…. beheardtodolistentosbdo belistenedtodomakesbdo… bemadetodo4.有些動詞既可作及物動詞，也可作不及物動詞，當它們和well,badly,easily等副詞連用時，表示主語內在品質或使用性能，是不及物動詞，不用被動語態。常見的有：write,read,clean,sell,wash,cook等。eg:Theclothwasheseasily.這布很好洗。Thenewcomputersellswell.這新產品很暢銷。Theprinterprintsquickly.這個打印機打印很快。對比：Thebookssellwell.(主動句)Thebooksweresoldout.(被動句)5.被動語態的解題思路(1)判斷主語與謂語動詞的主被動關系(2)根據時間狀語判斷時態(3)根據不同時態被動語態的構成解出正確答案1.---Thefamoustower_______morethan300yearsago.A.build B.builds C.built D.wasbuilt2.Thisclassroom____________forEnglishCorner.A.uses B.isusing C.canbeusedD.shalluse3.---Willteachers__________bycomputersinthefuture,Tony?---Maybeyes,maybeno.ButI’msurewewilllearnsomethingfrombothofthem.A.havereplacedB.arereplacing C.arereplaced D.bereplaced4.Mysister_______tothepartyyesterday.Shehadagoodtimewithherfriends.A.invites B.invited C.wasinvited D.isinvited5.---Foodsafetyisveryimportant.---Sosomerules_________tostoppeoplefrompollutingfood.A.mustmake B.mustbemade C.mustmade D.bemade6.Peoplewhodon’tworkshouldbemade________.A.work B.worked C.towork D.working7.Aparty_______inourschoolnextmonth.I’mlookingforwardtoit.A.held B.holds C.isheld D.willbeheld8.Sofar,themoon_______bymanalready.A.isvisited B.willbevisited C.hasbeenvisited D.wasvisited9.Theflowers____________often.A.mustbewater B.mustbewateredC.mustwatered D.mustwater10.Mary___________showmehernewdictionary.A.hasaskedto B.asksto C.isasked D.wasaskedto基礎演練用括號內所給動詞的正確形式填空。Whichlanguage_______themostwidely________(speak)intheworld?Theoldmanisill.He_____________(mustsend)tothehospital.They__________(make)ofmetalandwood.Canthemagazine__________(take)outofthelibrary?Someflowers_____________(water)byLiMingalready.Thiskindofshoes_________(sell)well.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees__________(cut)down.Thestarscan’t__________(see)inthedaytime.Thelostboy_________(notfind)sofar.It’ssaidthat(據說)thatthelongbridge____________(build)intwomonths.鞏固提高一、根據中文提示完成句子（每空一詞）這種產品的價格取決于它的質量。Thepriceofthiskindofproduct_________________itsquality.2.你怎么看待《湯姆索亞歷險記》（這本書）？Whatdoyou_________________TheAdventuresofTomSawyer?讀書有助于幫助我們了解人性。Readingcan_________us_________abouthumannature.為了進一步美化校園，下個月會在我們學校種很多樹。Nextmonthmanytrees_________________________inourschooltomakeitmorebeautiful.Alice在北京已經兩年了，她習慣了這里的生活。AlicehasbeeninBeijingfortwoyears.She_____________________________________here.二、句型轉換1.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.(改為被動語態)_______________________________________________________2.Youneedn’tdoitnow.(改為被動語態)_______________________________________________________3.Hemademedothatforhim.(改為被動語態)_______________________________________________________4.Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago?(改為被動語態)_______________________________________________________5.ThelightgreendresseshavebeensoldoutbyTom.(改為主動語態)________________________________________________________一、單項選擇1.Tomisabooklover._______likesreadingverymuch.A.She B.He C.You D.They2.Thework__________soon.A.willbefinished B.hasbeenfinishedC.willfinish D.finishes3.Hisfamouswork__________in1990.A.published B.ispublished C.waspublished D.hasbeenpublished4.TheGreatWall___________allovertheworld.A.wasknownB.isknown C.wasknewD.knowsAtalkonChinesehistory_________intheschoolhallnextweek.A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegiven D.gives6.Now,peoplehavemorefreetime.SquareDancingisbecomingmoreandmore________.A.comfortable B.difficult C.different D.popular7.Apersonwhois_________doesnottellliesorcheatpeople.A.careless B.stupid C.honest D.humorous8.---How’shenow?---Ihearthecompany_______himaverygoodjob,butheturneditdown.A.donated B.offered C.served D.introduced9.---Excuseme,doyouknow_________________?---Sure.Thereisabookstoredownthestreet.A.wherecanIgetsomepostcards B.whereIcangetsomepostcards C.whenIcangetsomepostcards D.whencanIgetsomepostcards10.Theoldbridgeinmyhometown_________________nextmonth.A.isgoingtoberebuilt B.isgoingtorebuildC.aregoingtoberebuilt D.willrebuild二、完形填空BradclosedthedoorslowlyasSuelefthometovisithermother.Expectingawholedaytorelax,hewasthinkingwhethertoreadthenewspaperorwatchhisfavoriteTVtalkshowonhisfirstdayoffinmonths.“Thiswillbelikeawalkinthepark,”he’dtoldhiswife.“I’lllookafter1,andyoucangotovisityourmom.”Thingsstartedwell,butjustaftereighto’clock,histhreelittle“goodkids”—Mike,Randy,andAlex—camedownthestairsintheirnightclothesandshouted“Breakfast,daddy.”When2hadnotappearedwithinthirtyseconds,RandybeganusinghisspoononAlex’sheadasifitwereadrum.Alexstartedtoshoutloudlyintimetothebeat(節拍).Mikechanted“Where’smyhotdog,where’smyhotdog.”inthebackground.Brad3hisnewspaperwouldhavetowaitforafewseconds.Lifebecameworseafterbreakfast.MikeworeRandy’strousersonhishead.Randylockedhimselfinthebathroom,whileAlex4againbecausehewasgoingtowethisshortpants(短褲).Nobodycouldfind5socks,althoughtheywerebeforetheireyes.Someonenamed“NotMe”hadspilled(灑，潑出)awholeglassoforangejuiceintothebasketofcleanclothes.Bradknewthetalkshowhadalready6.Byteno’clock,thingswereoutof7.Alexwaswonderingwhythefishinthejarrefusedhisbreadandbutter.Mikewastryingtoshowoffhis8bydecoratingthekitchenwallwithhiscolourpencils.Randy,thankfully,appearedtobereadingquietlyinthefamilyroom,butcloserexamination9thathewaseatingapplejamstraightfromthebottlewithhishands.Bradrealizedthatthetalkshowwasoverandreadingwouldbeimpossible.Atexactly11:17,Bradcalledthedaycarecentre(日托所).“Isuddenlyhavetogointoworkandmywife’saway.CanIbringtheboysoverinafewminutes?”Theanswerwas10“yes”becauseBradwassmiling.1.A.thekids B.yourwork C.thehouse D.myself2.A.clothes B.food C.dad D.mum3.A.thought B.decided C.planned D.realized4.A.cried B.shouted C.explained D.argued5.A.clean B.dirty C.new D.old6.A.started B.finished C.gone D.appeared7.A.sight B.plan C.imagination D.control8.A.idea B.difference C.talent D.hobby9.A.showed B.predicted C.expressed D.provided10.A.nearly B.probably C.obviously D.finally__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、單項選擇1.---Excuseme,sir.______isitfromheretoNo.6MiddleSchool?---It’sabout10minutes’walk.A.Howsoon B.Howfar C.Howmuch D.Howoften2.Theroadsinmyhometownare______thanbefore.A.wide B.wider C.widest D.thewidest3.Sorry,sir.I______followyou.Wouldyoupleasespeakslower?A.can’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t4.ThenextOlympicGames______inBrazilin2016.A.willhold B.willbeheld C.hold D.areheld5.Thereis______withyourchild.Don’tworry.A.anything B.something C.everything D.nothing(附：單選1-5,東城區2014—2015學年第一學期期末統一測試)二、閱讀理解AReadingisveryimportanttohelpyoulearnEnglish.Tolearnasmuchasyoucanfromreading,youneedtoreaddifferentkindsofEnglish.ThisbookprovidesnotonlydifferentkindsofEnglishbutalsoagoodwaytocheckyourreadingability.Therearefourpartsinthebook:Part1isMessages:Inthispartsomebodywantstowadinformationinwritingtosomebodyelse.Thereisatestontimetablesandatestontextmessages.Part2isPeople:Inthispartallthetestsareaboutpeople.Forexample,thereisaninformalletterbetweenfriends.Thereisformal(正式的)Englishinbiography(傳記).Thereisajobapplicationasamodeltohelpwithyourwriting,aswellastestingyourreading.Part3isPlaces:Inthispart,toomanydifferentkindsofEnglishareshown,someinformalandsomeformal.ThereistheinformalEnglishofaholidaypostcard.ThereisalsotheformalEnglishinaletterofcomplaint.Part4isThings:Youwillfindsomedescriptivewritinginthispart.Therearedescriptionsofclothesandofacomputer.Youcandothesetestsinanyorderyoulike,oryoucandoallthetestswithaformalorinformaltext.IenjoyedwritingthisbookandIhopeyouenjoyusingit.1.Wecanfindtheintroductiontoaproductin______.A.Part1

B.Part2

C.Part3

D.Part42.WhichofthefollowingismostprobablywrittenininformalEnglish?

A.Aletterofcomplaint.

B.Acomputerhandbook.

C.Alettertoafriend.

D.Astoryofapresident.3.Thepassageismostprobablywrittenfor_____.A.testdesigners

B.students

C.test-takers

D.teachers4.Whatisthebesttitleofthebook?A.TestYourReading

B.HelpwithYourWriting

C.LearnDifferentKindsofEnglish

D.PractiseEnglishinDifferentWaysBReadingisveryimportant.WorldBookDayfallsonApril23everyyear.Itencouragespeople,especiallyteenagers,todiscoverthepleasureofreading.Itisalsothedaytohonor(尊敬)greatwriters.

Manycountriescelebrate(慶祝)WorldBookDay.Onthatday,millionsofschoolchildrencanbuybooksatamuchlowerpricethanusualinanybookstoreinEngland.Ithasbeendoneeveryyearsince1998.World

BookDayisalsocelebratedinChina.WenJiabao,PremierofChina,isanavidreader.Hedoeslotsofreading

everydaythoughheisverybusy.OnWorldBookDay2009,hecalledon(號召)peopletodomorereading.

Wensuggestedthatyoungpeopleshouldspendmoretimereading.“Bookscannotchangetheworld,but

peoplecanchangetheworldbychangingthemselvesthroughreading,”hesaid.

Readinghelpsusbecomemoreknowledgeableandsmarter.Readinghelpsustofollowthelatestdevelopmentsofscienceandtechnology(技術).Readinggivesusinformationaboutotherculturesandplacesintheworld.ReadingisalsooneofthemostimportantwaystolearnaforeignlanguagelikeEnglish.Weall

knowthatitisdifficulttolearneverythingintheclassroom,forexample,thewaysEnglishpeopleareliving

andworkingtodaycanbelearntbyreading.Books,magazines,newspapersandotherkindsofreadingmaterialscanhelpustoknowmoreabouttheoutsideworld.Therefore,itisnecessaryforustospendtimereadingeveryday.5.WhenisWorldBookDay?A.August8everyyear B.March12everyyearC.April23everyyear D.June6everyyear6.Anavidreaderisapersonwho________.A.lovesreading

B.neverreads

C.doessomereading

D.hatesreading7.WorldBookDaywassetupinordertoencouragepeopleto________..A.learnforeignlanguages

B.domorereading

C.buymorebooks

D.knowmoreaboutscience8.Accordingtothepassage,readingcanhelppeopleinmanywaysEXCEPT________.A.learningEnglishbetter

B.knowingmoreaboutcultures

C.improvingyourhealth

D.knowingmoreabouttheoutsideworld9.What'sthebesttitleforthearticle?A.WorldBookDayinEngland.B.SuggestionsonReading.C.WorldBookDayinChina.D.WorldBookDayandtheAdvantagesofReading.CTimespentinabookshopcanbemostenjoyable,whetheryouareabookloveroronlygotheretobuyabookasapresent.Youmayevenhaveenteredtheshopjusttofindashelter(躲避處)fromasuddenrain.Whateverthereason,youcansoontotallybecomeunaware(未意識到)ofyoursurroundings.Yousoonbecomeinterestedinsomebooksorothers,andusuallyitisonlymuchlaterthatyourealizeyouhavespenttoomuchtimethereandhavetorushofftokeepsomeforgottenappointment.Thischancetoescapetherealities(現實)ofeverydaylifeis,Ithink,themainattractionofabookshop.Therearenotmanyplaceswhereitispossibletodothis.Amusicshopisverymuchlikeabookshop.Youcanwalkaroundsuchaplaceasmuchasyouwish.Ifitisagoodshop,noassistantwillcomeuptoyouwiththegreeting“CanIhelpyou”Youneedn’tbuyanythingyoudon’twant.Inabookshopanassistantshouldremaininthebackgrounduntilyouhavefinishedreading.Then,andonlythen,arehisservicesnecessary.Onceamedicalstudenthadtoreadatextbookwhichwasfartooexpensiveforhimtobuy.Hecouldn’tb