2021屆高考英語二輪復習常考題型大通關（全國卷）（四）語法填空一、閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Differentcountrieshavewildlydifferentformsofgreeting.IntheUSA,whenyoupassbysomeoneyouknow,anodisacceptable,andyouusuallyshakehandswithsomeoneyoufirstmeet.ButinLatincountries,afirmhandshake① (consider)rude.Inmyhomecountry,Mauritius,whenpeoplemeet,theyusuallykisseachother② thecheeks.ThisisalsocommoninFrance,theactcalledfairelabise.However,thisisnot④ universalrule.DuringmyfirstweekintheUSA,IkissedeverysinglegirlImet.Myfriendshadtotellmethatthatwasinappropriate,⑤ (leave)meingreatembarrassment.Whatiscommonhere,however,isforfriends⑥ (hug)eachother—somethingIwasnotusedto.Hugsalwaysmakeme⑦ (frighten)becauseIdon’treallylikethat.Thismayseemstrangesinceevenkissing⑧ (stranger)isnormalinmycountry.NowthatIthinkaboutit,Ihatecheek-kissingaswell.Wouldn’titbe(enjoy)tohaveagreetingcodethatisacceptable?I’mnotsayingweshouldstartdoingthat,butwecansurelydosomethingtoavoidmisunderstanding.1Forcenturies,peopledreamedaboutleavingEarthandtravellingtootherworlds.Then,in1957,theSovietUnion① (make)thefirstsmallstepintospace② upasmallsatellitecalledSputnik.Earlyspaceactivitieswereconducted(main)bytheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnion.Butastimewentby,EuropeandJapanalsolearnedhowtobuild④ (they)ownsatellitesandrockets.Today,countriessuchasChina,India,SouthKorea,IsraelandBrazilarealsodevelopingspaceindustries.Duringthelast60years,unmannedprobes(探測器)havebeensenttowardsmanyoftheplanets⑤ (exist)intheSolarSystem.Manyspaceobservatories,suchastheHubbleSpaceTelescope,havebeencreatedtolookatthe⑥ (distance)universe.Theyhavesentbacksomeamazingpicturestakeninvisible(可見的)light.Andtheycanalsoobservestarsthatareinvisibletohumaneyes.Thefloodof(discovery)haschangedthewaywelookattheuniverse.Morethan500peoplehaveflowninspacesinceYuriGagarinpavedthewayin1961.20peoplehavetravelledtothemoon,12ofhavewalkedonthemoon.Sofar,spacestations⑨ (build),andastronautshavelearnedtoliveandworkinspaceformanymonths⑩ evenyears.三、閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。StartingfromNov1,2020,peoplewillbeknockingondoorsacrossthecountrytocollectpersonalinformation.Thisisfortheseventhnationalpopulationcensus(人口普查).China① (conduct)anationalsurveyevery10yearssincethe1990s.② (track)downmorethan1billionChinesecitizensisbynomeanseasy.Thisyear,about7millionstaffwillbeneededtovisithomesforregistrationwork.Newmethodswillalsobeusedduringthiscensus,③ (include)onlineinformationregistration,④ (apply)ofelectronicdevicesandbigdata,⑤ willbeconvenientforpeoplewhoarenotlivingwheretheyare⑥ (official)registered,aswellasthosewhodonotwant (bother)bydoor-to-doorsurveys.Thedataisexpectedtogive⑧ fullpictureofthepopulation.Itprovidessupportformakingnationaldevelopmentpolicies.Thecensushasalargeeffectonourlives.Forinstance,areaswithahighnumberofchildrenmayreceivemorefundingforpublicschools.However,citizens'privacyconcernscouldbeoneofthe⑨ (big)challenges.Somemaynotbewillingtogivetheirpersonalinformationtocensustakers.Inresponsetosuchconcerns,Jiangsu'spilotworkzoneallowedresidentstouploadpersonaldataon⑩ ownthroughWeChat.ThedatawillbedelivereddirectlytotheNationalBureauofStatisticsthroughaWeChatprogram.四、閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。ThePalaceMuseum,long① (associate)withimagesofcentury-oldbuildingsandrelics,isnowtakinga② (surprise)stepintofashion:nothigh-endfashion,buttheeverydaykind.OnDec9,theonlinestoreofthePalaceMuseumCulturalandCreativeStorereleasedanewproduct–alipstickcollectioninsixcolors,③ attractedmillionsofpageviewsaday.“IfindmyselfbrowsingthisonlinestoretwicedayandIdefinitelyhaveagoodtime⑤ (do)so,asit’squiterelaxing.”acollegegirlsaid.ThecolorsshowcaseclassicChinesebeauty:LangYaoglazered,Beanpastered,Tourmalinepurple,Rose-purple,MermaidpinkandMaplered.They⑥ itemsindifferentshadesofredwornbytheemperors’concubinesduringtheQingdynasty(1644-1911).The(inspire)forthelipstickpackagingcomesfromthepatternsoftraditionalChineseporcelainsandembroideries.Itfeaturesred-crownedcranes,lingzhimushroomsandbutterflies,all⑧ (do)inanelegantstyle,reportedPeople’sDaily.“Rich⑨ traditionalChineseculturalmeanings,theselipstickshaveattractedmuchattentioneversincetheyhitstore⑩ (shelf).”aWeChatusersurnamedLiutoldGlobalTimes.“Ithinkthelipstickshaveahighcollectionvalueaswell.”五、閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。AsthefamousFrenchsinologist(漢學家)JacquesGernetsaid:“ThereisnodoubtthatinthissphereChinahasshownagreaterinventivenessthananyothercivilization.”Indeed,Chineseareamongthepeoplesoftheworld① havebeenparticularlypreoccupiedwithfoodandeating.Thisfoodculture② (form)sincetheancienttimeandisdeeplyrootedintraditionalChineseculture.Withover5000③(name)dishes,Chinesecuisineisasvariedasthecountry’sdifferentpeoplesandgeographicalareas.Traditionally,Chinesecuisineismeant④ (enjoy)foritsappearanceandaroma,tasteandtexture,balanceandharmonyofyinandyangelements,anditsnutritiousproperties.InChinesecuisine,riceisthesymboloflife⑤ (it).Itisaddedtomanydishesandcookedinvariousways.Riceisalsooneoftheancientsevenbasic⑥ oflife.Apartfromrice,theconsumptionofmeathasbeenasymbolofwealthandstatusthroughoutChinesehistory.Mostpeoplecouldnotaffordmeat,⑦ (make)tofuanimportantsourceofprotein.Today,China’srisingeconomymeansthatmoremeatisbeingeaten⑧ adailybasis.PorkisthemostpopularmeatinChinesecuisine,followedbybeefandmutton.ManyChineseregionshavetheirowncookingstyleswhichhasbeeninfluencedbytheclimate,thedistributionofcropandanimal⑨ (vary),thetypeofterrain,distancetothesea,theinfluenceofneighboringnationsandtheimportofingredientsandflavors.Naturally,seafoodisdominantincoastalregionsofChina,inInnerMongoliaandXinjiangthereisadependenceonmeatsuchasbeefandlamb.六、閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。China’smostsophisticatedandchallengingspaceadventure—theChang'e5roboticlunarmission—endedsuccessfullyearlyThursdaymorningwithitsloadofrocksanddustfromthemoon(land)onthegrasslandsinnorthernChina.TherecoveryteamwillmakeinitialprocessingofthecapsuleandthenuseaplanetotransportittoBeijing,② itwillbeopenedfortechnicianstoremovethecontainerholding2kgoflunarsamplesfroma(previous)unvisitedareaknownas“OceanofStorms”,theChinaNationalSpaceadministrationsaid.Next,thesealedsamples④ (transfer)tospeciallydesignedlaboratoriesfor⑤ (analysis),experimentsandtestssoscientistscandeterminetheextraterrestrial(地以外的)substances’composition,structureandtraits.Thiscan⑥ (deep)theirknowledgeaboutthehistoryofthemoonandthesolarsystem.⑦ thosescientificobjectives,projectplannersalsowantthemissiontohelptofosterthecountry'sknowledge,technologyandtalentpoolforitsfuture⑧ (man)lunarmissionsandotherdeep-spaceexpeditions.Therefore,certainproportionofthesampleswillalsobeonpublicdisplaytoenhancescienceawarenessamongthepublic,especiallyyounggenerations.Thesuccessfullandingmarkedthecompletionofthehistoric23-dayChang'e5expedition,thefirstinmorethan40years⑩ (bring)lunarsamplesbacktoEarth,alsomakingChinathethirdcountrytoachievethisfeataftertheUnitedStatesandtheformerSovietUnion.答案以及解析一、答案：1.isconsidered2.on3.where4.a5.leaving6.tohug7.frightened8.strangers9.enjoyable10.widely解析：afirmhandshakeconsider,isconsidered。,onon。,France,,副詞where,where。rule,universal。leave,leaving。Whatiscommonhere,,tohug。-edfrightened。stranger,,strangers。9.”,,enjoyable。10.acceptable,,widely。二、答案：1.made2.by3.mainly4.their5.existing/existent6.distant7.discoveries8.whom9.havebeenbuilt10.or解析：文章大意:本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了太空探索的起源和發展等相關信息。答案made“in1957”可知made。byby答案mainlymainly。答案their”,their。答案existing/existent/,planets,planetsexi