新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空分析臨朐中學CONTENTS123

理論指導試題分析教學建議理論指導注重考查考生對英語詞法、句法以及語篇知識的掌握運用情況。要求在正確理解語篇主旨大意的基礎(chǔ)上，重點關(guān)注具體語境中不同詞語、句子與整個篇章結(jié)構(gòu)之間的聯(lián)系。《中國考試》教育部教育考試院2023英語學科高考命題原則堅持“方向是核心，平穩(wěn)是關(guān)鍵”，以新課標為綱，注重對核心素養(yǎng)的考查，突出考查語篇意識、語言綜合運用能力和思辨能力，特別是真實語境中發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、解決問題的能力。通過考查批判性思維和辯證思維的高階思維能力，引導學生增強思維的邏輯性、批判性和創(chuàng)新性。完形填空一一思維品質(zhì)四個層面及完形填空具體考察方式

一詞多義

詞匯外延內(nèi)涵文化差異邏輯推理熟詞生義派生詞生活常識整體語篇辨識與分類分析與推斷批判與創(chuàng)新概括與建構(gòu)理論指導近3年新高考I卷完形填空主題&話題試卷名稱考試年份考查體裁主題語境文章話題篇章詞數(shù)新高考Ⅰ卷2023記敘文人與自我越野賽跑2262022記敘文人與自我家庭野營奇遇2382021記敘文人與社會假期打工經(jīng)歷210文體【記敘文】試題分析二試卷名稱考試年份實詞虛詞動詞名詞形容詞副詞介詞連詞新高考Ⅰ卷202358200020225531102021942000近3年新高考I卷完形填空考點分布始終聚焦：動詞&名詞今年新特點：名詞＞動詞試題分析二完形策略解題步驟解題技巧1.讀各段首句和尾句，了解文章大意2.瞻前顧后先易后難3.回文閱讀查漏補缺邏輯推理同詞復現(xiàn)固定搭配背景知識上下文暗示原詞復現(xiàn)、近（反）義詞復現(xiàn)、派生詞復現(xiàn)俗語或短語的固定用法文化背景知識以及生活常識本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，屬于“人與自我”主題語境范疇。文章主要講述了一個跑步運動員放棄自己贏得比賽的機會，背著受傷的對手沖過終點線的故事，充分體現(xiàn)了人性的善良。2023年完形填空文章來源:選自體育網(wǎng)站Kens5,

這篇文章原文發(fā)表于2014年10月18日，標題為unnercarriesinjuredcompetitor

overfinishline。【1】OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave41thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her42

camebecauseshewascarryinga43acrossthefinishline.【2】Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher44whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She45tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith46.Shecouldn’t.Baileythen47toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget48attention.【3】Oncethere,Lenouewas49andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme50tomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey’shelp.【4】AsforBailey,sheismore51aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig52.“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn’t53her,”Baileytoldthereporter.“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”【5】Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe54,

they’vesincebecomefriends.Neitherwontherace,butthe55ofhumankindnesswontheday.首段點題：越野賽跑運動員在比賽中將受傷的運動員背至終點就醫(yī)。事件的結(jié)果

事件的過程事件的評價Step1:讀各段首句和尾句，了解文章大意【1】OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave41thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her

42camebecauseshewascarryinga43acrossthefinishline.

Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher44

whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.41.A.designed B.followed C.changed 42. B.chance C.trouble D.excuse43.A.judge B.volunteer C.classmate

聯(lián)系上下文finishedthecourse完成比賽D.finishedA.delayD.competitor解析：根據(jù)第一段上下文可知，MelanieBailey要不是因為背著和自己同時參賽的“43.

競爭者”一起穿過終點線本可以早點41.

完成比賽，結(jié)果因此還“42.

推遲了”到達終點的時間。在“比賽”進行到3三分之二的路程時，她發(fā)現(xiàn)了前面的跑步者在痛苦地叫喊。選race延遲機會麻煩借口裁判員志愿者同班同學競爭者Step2:瞻前顧后先易后難44. B.school C.town D.trainingA.race解題技巧：原詞復現(xiàn)【2】Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher44

whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She

45

tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith46.Shecouldn’t.Baileythen47toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget48attention.【3】Oncethere,Lenouewas49andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees....

47.A.wentaway B.stoodup C.steppedaside 48. B.public C.constant D.equalmedicalattention醫(yī)療關(guān)注47.根據(jù)下文letLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline可推知，Bailey彎下腰讓Lenoue爬到自己的背上。選bentdown。48.根據(jù)下文Oncethere,Lenouewas....andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.可推知，Bailey背著Lenoue走到了可以得到醫(yī)藥救助的地方。選medical。彎腰Step2:瞻前顧后先易后難D.bentdownA.medical解題技巧：生活常識【3】Oncethere,Lenouewas49andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme

50

tomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey’shelp.49.A.interrupted C.identified D.appreciated50.A.hunger C.cold D.tiredness49.根據(jù)本句后半句whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees可推知，Lenoue在被送去醫(yī)院之前做了傷情評估。選assessed。50.根據(jù)上文whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees可推知，要是沒有Bailey的幫助，她就得帶著極度的疼痛掙扎到援助救助站。選pain。評估Step2:瞻前顧后先易后難B.assessedB.pain【4】AsforBailey,sheismore51aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig

52.“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn’t53her,”Baileytoldthereporter.“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”51.A.worried B.ashamed D.discouraged52.A.game B.problem C.lesson 53. B.cure C.bother D.understand解析：根據(jù)本段末句IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.可推知，Bailey面對采訪感到很困惑為什么大家都認為她做了一件大事，而她覺得自己只是做了對的事情而已，“她當時正在哭，我不能把她留在那兒不管”。Step2:瞻前顧后先易后難困惑的abigdeal大事情C.confused D.dealA.leave 解題技巧：上下文暗示完形填空會保留原汁原味的英文，了解英美文化和“跨文化意識”有助于對文章的深層理解，體現(xiàn)英語學科核心素養(yǎng)的文化意識。美國“福布斯”雜志在公布400名家產(chǎn)幾十億美國富翁名單“It’sabigdealthatit’sallbillionaires”（名單上全是家產(chǎn)幾十億的富翁真是了不得），了解過這個文化常識，52題選deal就是輕而易舉的事情。另外，47題C.stepaside(讓位、靠邊站)D.benddown(彎腰)都是非常地道的表達。本文是一篇記敘文，屬于“人與自我”主題語境范疇。文章主要講述了作者回憶兩次和家人一起露營的經(jīng)歷，雖然很驚險，但最后都平安度過危機，因此一家人很享受一起露營所帶來的未知的樂趣和冒險。2022年完形填空文章來源:

Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.Someofour41arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle.Once,we42alongChalkCreek.Iwas43thatour15-month-oldboywouldfallintothecreek(小溪).Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas44,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So45tyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It46-hedidn’tendupinthecreek.Mythree-year-old,however,did.Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe47,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly48ourpeacefulmorningtrip.The49pickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingto50themotor.Nothing.Hetriedagain.No51.Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsatthere52,afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowed(拖)usback.Wewere53.Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwithasenseof54,wonderingwhatcampingfunand55wewillexperiencenext.TopicStep1:讀各段首句和尾句，了解文章大意首段點題兩次露營經(jīng)歷期待下一次的旅行解題技巧:尋找關(guān)鍵信息，找出相同或同義單詞。同義或同詞復現(xiàn)Ihavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears…Once,we42alongChalkCreek.42.A.campedB.droveC.walkedD.cycled

平行

因果

轉(zhuǎn)折

解釋

舉例

注意連詞邏輯關(guān)系解題技巧Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas44uncomfortable,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So45tyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.45.A.duetoB.insteadofC.apartfrom D.asfor

解題技巧:多記高頻詞匯，總結(jié)其用法并注意熟詞生義詞義辨析Theskywasclearwhenwe47,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly48ourpeacefulmorningtrip.47.A.signedup（報名）

B.calmeddown（冷靜下來）

C.checkedout（結(jié)賬離開）

D.headedoff（出發(fā)）

48.A.arranged

B.interrupted

C.completedD.recorded46.A.courage B.aid C.patience D.advice49.A.interrupted B.assessed C.identified D.appreciated52.A.game B.problem C.lesson D.deal54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show以2023年為例，部分題目得分率低于70%根據(jù)學情調(diào)研，學生出錯的原因如下：1.存在漢式思維，主觀意志參與其中。2.詞匯量少，有些詞匯看似熟悉，卻不知道意思。比如49題B.assess3.不了解文化背景與生活常識，abigdeal。4.單詞意思記憶片面，忽略一詞多義現(xiàn)象。教學建議三教學建議（一）精選語篇材料語篇要以“人與社會”與“人與自我”主題語境為主，體裁以記敘文為主，兼顧夾敘夾議文、議論文、說明文，通過恰當?shù)倪x材，熟悉語篇結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)句內(nèi)層次、句間層次和語篇層次，通過對文章總體框架的理解和思辨能力，破解問題。誦讀一些地道的英文美篇和經(jīng)典文章，對英語語言知識、思維品質(zhì)、文化意識等學科素養(yǎng)進行滲透。1.根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜測詞義campfirecampgroundcampingcampsitecamp家族camper野營地野營者；露營者篝火野營地n.露營，野營campn.營地v.扎營

Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwithasenseofexcitement,wonderingwhatcampingfunandadventurewewill

experiencenext.campervan野營車2.一詞多義,根據(jù)語境猜測詞語A:撿起、拿起；B接電話；C增強，變大；D慢慢站起來（爬起來）；

E（開車）接人；F學會；A:撿起、拿起；E（開車）接人B接電話F學會D慢慢站起來（爬起來）C(風)增強，變大

8.experiencev/n.經(jīng)歷→有經(jīng)驗的adj.______________9.relief

n.緩解→v.