OECD中國專項研究詞匯表a“merit/demerit”scheme獎懲制度/記功（過）【通過記功過來進行評價的考核體系用于學校、公司等的管理制度中】a“win-win”outcome雙贏的局面part2，p251abailout拯救（國家對陷入困境的銀行、企業等提供援助），救市abasicpolicyofChina中國的基本國策、基本政策或基本原則【現有的基本國策只有：計劃生育、男女平等、改革開放、保護耕地、節約資源、保護環境。其他比如一國兩制、宗教信仰自由等都是某方面的基本政策和原則。】abasketofcurrencies一籃子貨幣abenchmarkyieldcurve基準收益率曲線Achangeofperception轉變思想觀念acivillawsuit民事案件aclassactionsuit集體訴訟案aclearallocationofresponsibilitiesandpowersto權責明確，權責明晰aclear-cutadvantage一個明顯的優勢acoherentandcorruption-freeservice.連貫、廉潔的服務acomparativeadvantage.比較優勢acompetentandcommittedbureaucracy稱職且盡職的政府機構acompetitiveclimate競爭激烈的環境acomprehensiveregulatoryandinstitutionalframeworkforenvironmentalmanagement環境管理的綜合監管體系acontrollinginterest控股權益acriminallawsuit刑事案件adeterrenteffect震懾效果adevelopedsystemoflaws健全的法律制度p94，paragragh1ageneralsafetynetfortheunemployed失業人員安全網（針對失業人員的社會保障政策）aglobalconcern全球普遍關注的問題agradualintroductionofthecurrenturbanpensionsystemintoruralareas將現行的城鎮養老金制度逐步引入農村aHodrick-Prescott(H-P)filterH-P濾波(H-P濾波，是經常使用的經濟變量趨勢分解方法）alackoftransparency缺乏透明度alease租約alegacyfromthe

plannedsystem計劃體制遺留的問題alevelplayingfield公平競爭的環境alowfreefloat低公眾持股量amajorrealignmentof重大調整amereformality僅僅流于形式aministeriallevelgovernmentinstitution部級政府機構amixofpolicyandinstitutionalactions國家政策的制定結合相關機構的工作amoderntaxsystem現代化稅務系統anationalfollow-uptotheUNCHE中國的“聯合國人類環境會議”aone-partysystem一黨制aone-stopadministrativeprocedure一站式行政程序p91apanaceafor萬靈丹，萬全之策aparadigmshift典范轉移，又稱范式轉移，用于描述某個學科方面的巨大轉變。aPartycontrolledorganizationatthecentrallevel以中國共產黨為核心領導的組織aperiodofdemographictransition人口過渡的一個階段apilotphase試點階段apilotprogram試點項目aplaceofabode住所apurereportingsysteminacentrallyplannedeconomy中央計劃經濟下單一的報表制度apyramidalpattern金字塔式arelativelywell-developedregulatorysystem相對完善的監管體制arevenue-sharingsystem分稅制asafetyvalve安全閥p328ashiftin

mentalities心態的轉變asmallernumberofpriorityissues一小部分關鍵/核心/重點問題asmoothedseries平滑序列，修勻后生成的數列p73asocialsafetynet社會安全網asolidlegislativebase堅實的法律基礎astandardrate標準稅率astraight-linemethod直線[折舊]法astumblingblock絆腳石asubstantialincreaseindemandofwater對水的需求大量增加athree-prongedapproach三種方式，三管齊下Athree-tierpensionsystem三重養老金制度p42atopchallenge首要挑戰/問題atransitioncountry[經濟]轉型國家atransparentcapitalmarket具有透明度的資本市場atrialstudentloanscheme國家助學貸款試行制度atwo-tracksystemforcorporateincometax公司所得稅的雙軌體制aunitarystate統一國家，單一制國家avalue-addedmeasureofoutput通過增加值計算總產出的方法(與其相對的是通過凈產值計算總產值的方法agrossoutputmeasureofoutput)p86aweakbargainingposition不利的談判地位awell-structuredandtransparentboardnominationprocess結構合理的透明的董事會提名機制awhollystate-ownedindustrialsector國有獨資工業部門azerocostofcapital資本成本為零abatepollutionontime及時減少污染ABCAgriculturalBankofChina中國農業銀行abovemarketprices高于市場價格p63abscondingwithill-gottenassets攜不當所得資產潛逃absolutelevelofspending絕對支出absoluteterms絕對量(據網上OECD文件來看，這兩個詞十有八九出現在詞組inabsoluteterms中。如果單獨使用，就是代數中“絕對項”的意思。)absorbliquidity吸納流動性abusetheadministrativepower濫用行政職權doc2-407academicandscientificrigorinresearch研究的學術性和科學性academictitles職稱accentuate突出，強調accesstoanimpartialjudiciary(有)公正的司法體制accesstogrid接入電網accessible公開化→容易取得的；容易達到的accidentinsurance人身意外傷害險part2,p263accommodatingmonetarypolicy適應性貨幣政策accommodatingpolicy融通政策accordedprioritystatusto對…給予優先地位/高度重視…accordingtostateregulations根據國家規定accountability責任，責任歸屬accountabilitymechanism問責制accountabilityrelationships問責關系accountabilityforspending開支的責任性accountancysystem會計體系accountingandauditingframework會計和審計制度accountingdisclosure財務公開accountingfirm會計師事務所part2,p252accountingirregularities會計違規accountingpractice會計核算accountingrule會計原則accountingstandard會計標準accountingsystem會計系統accrue增加accrueddividend應計股息accruedinterest應計利息accumulatedcontractualvalue累計合同價值accumulatedentitlement累計權益accumulationofcapital資本積累ACFSMCAll-ChinaFederationofSupplyandMarketingCooperatives中華全國供銷合作總社理事會ACFTUAll-ChinaFederationofTradeUnions中華全國總工會achievinghigherwaterquality提高水質acidrain酸雨acidrainpollution酸雨污染acquiredasayin在…方面有發言權→在…方面取得了發言權acquisitionofshares股分收購→股份收購acquisition收購across-theboardtariffcut全面削減關稅activate調動→激活；啟動activelifeinsurance→活躍的人壽保險（語意單元不完整）【托機構受領保險金后，是否負有管理運用的義務，分成主動的人壽保險信托（ActiveInsuranceTrust）與被動的人壽保險信托（PassiveInsuranceTrust）原句：Evidenceexiststhatanactivelifeinsurancesectorincreasesactivemarketing？→主動營銷；活動營銷activetrading主動貿易→交投活躍；活躍的交易actualexpenditure實際開支actuarialtransparency保險透明

acuteproblems尖銳問題adhoc為某一目的而設立的，特別的adhocbase臨時性基礎adhoccharges特別收費adhocprocedures特別程序advalorem從價adaptableorresilient適應力強的adaptedtotheChinesecontext適合中國的國情ADBAsianDevelopmentBank亞洲發展銀行ADBCAgriculturalDevelopmentBankofChina中國農業發展銀行ADBIAsianDevelopmentBankInstitute亞洲開發銀行學院Part1,P127ADCAcademicDegreesCommittee學位委員會additionalfunding后續資金additionalgrowth額外增長additionalincome額外收入addressingenvironmentalproblems處理環境問題adherents擁護者p337adjudication裁定，裁決adjustproblems協調問題Adjusttherelationsbetweenlevelsofgovernment協調各級政府間關系adjustedR-squared修正判定系數R-squared:判定系數adjustmentcosts調整成本；理算費用(種意思都成立，需要語境。)administeredrates規定費率administeredexchangerates受管制匯率administeringstateaffairs管理國家事務administrationleadership行政領導administrativeaction行政行為；行政訴訟administrativeandcriminalaction行政和法律行為；行政和刑事訴訟administrativeapprovalsystem行政審批系統administrativeapprovals行政審批administrativebarriers行政障礙administrativecapacities行政能力Administrativecontrolsonmigration對移民進行行政控制administrativecost管理費用administrativedelay行政延遲p47administrativedistinction行政區別p50administrativedistricts行政區administrativeedicts行政法令administrativeenforcement行政執法administrativeenforcementchannel行政執法渠道Administrativeleadership行政領導administrativemonopoly行政壟斷doc2-406administrativeorders行政命令administrativepenalties行政處罰AdministrativePenaltyLaw行政處罰法administrativepractices行政行為administrativeprice行政價格p66administrativeranks行政級別administrativeregulations行政法規administrativerequirements行政規定doc2-289administrativeresponsibility行政責任administrativereturns行政返回administrativesimplification行政簡化AdministrativeSupervisionLaw行政監察法Administrativeunit行政單位administrative,civilandcriminalmeasures行政，民事，刑事手段adoptionofordinance條例的通過part2，p391advancehisorherpromotion提前晉升adversefactors不利因素p334adverseselection逆向選擇advisorycapacity咨詢能力Advisorycommittees咨詢委員會advisorypanels咨詢小組advisoryservices咨詢服務advocacypowersandcapacities主張權力和能力affordability負擔能力after-salessupport售后支持

after-taxprofits稅后利潤After-taxreturn稅后收入agecohort年齡層agegroup年齡組ageingpopulation人口老齡化agglomerationeconomy集聚經濟agglomerationeffects集聚效應aggregatedata總數據aggregateemployment就業總量aggregateenrolments總入學人數aggregatefiscaldiscipline總財政紀律aggregateinvestment投資總額aggregatelaborforce總勞動力aggregatepotentialoutput潛在總產出aggregatepublicexpenditure公共開支總額aggregatespending支出總額aggregatewelfare福利總量part2，p376agreed-to協商同意的AgreementonTextilesandClothing(ATC)紡織品及服裝協議Agricultural(rural)hukou農業戶口agriculturalandanimalhusbandrytaxes農業稅和牧業稅agriculturalchemicals農藥agriculturalemployment農業就業agriculturalinputsubsidies農業投入補貼p58agriculturalmachinery農機agriculturalproductionmaterials農業生產資料agriculturalproducts農產品agriculturaltradevolume農業貿易額p69Agriculturalunit農業單位agricultural,industrialandurbanconsumptionofwater農業，工業及城市生活用水agricultureaidsanddevelopment支農支出agriculturesector農業部門p50agriculturetax農業稅agriculturetradeprovisions農產品貿易條款agronomicconditions農業條件p62AICAdministrationforIndustryandCommerce工商行政管理局aidfundsforlessdevelopedregions欠發達地區援助基金airinurbanareas城市空氣AllChinaWomen'sFederation全國婦聯All-ChinaFederationOfIndustry&Commerce中華全國工商聯合會Part1,P120All-ChinaFederationofTradeUnions中華全國總工會p332alliedindustrialgroup聯合工業集團allocateslandtohouseholds分配土地allocatingcredit信用配置allocation分配p45allocationoffinancialresources金融分配allocationoffinancialresourcesbymarketforces.用市場力量配置金融資源allocationofresources資源分配allocationoftaxrevenues稅收分配allocativeefficiency配置效率part2，p375allowanincreasedrolefortheprivatesector讓…發揮更大作用p28allowgreaterflexibilityintheexchangerate讓匯率更加靈活allowscopefor...給…發展空間allow/permitalotoflatitude給予很大的自由allowablepollutionloads排污許可量AlmanacofChineseInsurance中國保險年鑒part2，p266alternativeestimates可替代估值alternativeinsurancepackages社會保險替代方案alternativerisktransfer(ART)另類/非傳統/替代性/新型風險轉移part2，p280OECD中國專項研究詞匯表（2）ambientairquality環境空氣質量AMC(assetmanagementcompany)資產管理公司ameliorate改善，改進amendmenttoChina'sConstitution修訂中國憲法，修憲amortizationofintangibleassets無形資產的分期償還an“extensive”toan“intensive”patternofeconomicgrowth經濟增長模式由粗放型向集約型轉變anaccrualmethodofaccounting會計的應計法anamicablesettlementagreement友好和解協議ananalysisbyquintile五分相位分析、五分之一對座anARIMAestimationmethod差分自回歸滑動平均模型預測法anattractiveforeigndirectinvestmentdestination富有吸引力的投資目的地國aneffectiveenforcementsystem有效的落實體制anegalitariandistributionof平等分配anexcessiveconcentrationofnon-tradableshares非流通股份的過度集中anexistingfactoryexpandingorchangingitsoperations)現有企業的經營規模擴大或調整anexpandedforeignpresenceinthebankingsystem擴大外資銀行所占比例anexpropriationofstateshareholderrights濫用國家控股權anextensiveandbloatedbureaucraticstructure龐大臃腫的官僚結構anincreasingconstrainttogrowth對發展的限制anindependentadministrativestatus獨立的行政地位anintermediary中介anintermediatedevelopedcountry中等發達國家Anin-yearbudgetrequest年度內預算申請anoperationalstrategy可行的戰略anup-to-datepaneldataset一組最新數據p79anurbanminimumlivingstandardforlaid-offurbanemployees城鎮下崗職工最低生活標準anachronism時代錯誤、過時做法或思想Part1,P121ancillaryproducts附屬產品animalhusbandrytax牧業稅annualeconomiclossfromwaterpollution每年因水污染而帶來的經濟損失Annualgrowth年增長p42annualreport年報part2，p253annualsalaries年薪annualsamplecensus年度樣本普查annuity年金answerto匯報anticipatedchanges可能發生的anti-competitive反競爭anti-competitiveconduct反競爭行為anti-competitivepractice反競爭的行為Anti-competitiveregulations反/不利于競爭監管anti-corruptionmechanisms反腐敗機制Anti-marketbarrierstocompetition反市場的競爭壁壘anti-monopolylaw反壟斷法anti-trustlaw反托拉斯法antitrustlegislation反托拉斯立法Anti-UnfairCompetitionLaw反不正當競爭法APECEducationalMinisterialmeeting亞太經合組織教育部長級會議appearstobeofessence顯得非常重要applicationandenforcementofregulations實施和執法appliedresearchandknowledgedissemination應用研究和知識傳播applyfortemporaryregistration申請臨時居住證appoint任免appraisalvalue估價值Part1,P108applicationandenforcementofregulations實施和執法applyfortemporaryregistration申請臨時居住證appoint任免appraisalvalue評估價值appreciation升值appreciationofintangibleassets無形資產的增值appropriatepollutioncontroltechnology控制污染的有效技術approval預算審批approvalrequirements審批要求AQSIQGeneralAdministrationofQualitySupervision,InspectionandQuarantine國家質量監督檢驗檢疫總局Aqua-culturalproduct水產品aquaculture水產養殖業arableland可耕地A-ratedcorporatebondsA級公司債券part2，p253arbiter仲裁者p49arbitralawards仲裁裁決arbitrarydecisions獨斷決策arbitraryfees亂收費ArbitrationCommittees仲裁委員會areunderstress面臨巨大壓力areaallowance地區津貼arm’s-lengthagencies政府出資的非官方機構armedpolicetroops武裝部隊arm'slengthrelationship(政府與經濟）＂保持距離型＂關系arrangements規范模式arrearofsalarypayment拖欠工資arrears欠賬arrive到位Artisticandliteraryproperty藝術文學作品版權asapercentageofpercapitaincome占人均收入的比例part2,p268ASBEAccountingStandardsforBusinessEnterprises企業會計制度assetliabilityratio資產負債比AssetManagementCorporation(AMC)資產管理公司assetquality資產質量assetsales資產出售assetstripping資產剝離assetstrippingbycontrolling“legalentity”shareholders法人實體控股股東的資產剝奪/剝離assetvaluation資產評估assetsandliabilitiesratio資產負債率assigningmoreregulatoryauthorityover賦予...對…的更多的監督權assignmentofexpenditureresponsibility支出責任分配AssociatedPress聯合通訊社Associationsregisteredincivildepartments在民政部門注冊的協會asymmetricregulation不對稱管制doc2-415asymmetryininformation信息不對稱ataconcessionaryprice按照特惠價格atsub-centrallevels次中央級attheapexof最高層次上attheinceptionof在...的開頭atthemunicipallevel市級attheprovincialgovernmentlevel省政府一級attheserviceof服務于auctionoff拍賣audio-visual視聽audit預算審計auditcommittee審計委員會AuditLaw審計法auditstandards審計標準auditingfirms審計公司Auditor-General審計長autoloans汽車貸款Automatedinformationsearch自動信息搜索automatic自動的p50autonomousregulator(s)自主監管機構Averageincome平均收入p43averagelengthofeducation平均教育年限averagenominalwage平均名目工資averagewage平均工資p55awardsystem獎勵機制awareness-raising增強意識backfire適得其反baddebt壞賬，呆賬(賬是指企業無法收回或收回的可能性極小的應收賬款。)Part1,P103baddebtratio壞帳率badloans不良貸款bailout緊急財政援助（政府為防止企業倒閉而提供的）balanceofpayments國際收支差額balancesheets資產負債表(資產負債表是公司最主要的綜合財務報表之一。它是一張平衡表。根據會計學上復式簿記的記帳方法，公司的資產和負債雙方在帳面上必須平衡。)Part1,P129bankaccountstatements銀行賬戶對賬單bankassetmanagementcompanies(BAMCs)銀行資產管理公司bankassets銀行資產

bankbalancesheet銀行資產負債表bankcertificates銀行證明bankcredit銀行借貸bankdeposits銀行存款bankdiscountrate貼現率bankdraft銀行匯票bankexposure銀行放款總額bankfailure銀行倒閉bankfinancing銀行融資banklending/bankloan銀行貸款p46banklendingstandards銀行貸款標準bankloanrate銀行貸款利率p46BankofChina(BOC)中國銀行BankofCommunications交通銀行BankofEastAsia東亞銀行bankportfolio銀行投資組合bankrecapitalizations銀行資本重組bankrehabilitation銀行整修bankreserve銀行準備金bankunderwriters銀行核保人bankers'acceptances銀行承兌匯票bankingcrises銀行業危機p54bankingindustry金融行業bankingregulationandoversight.銀行監管bankingsystemdistress銀行系統蕭條bank-lendingrates貸款率bankruptcyadministrator破產管理人bankruptcycode/bankruptcylaw破產法bankruptcyframework破產框架p97,paragragh4Bankruptcyproceedings破產程序bankruptcyregimes破產制度banninganti-competitiveconduct禁止不正當競爭行為banquettax筵席稅Baosteel寶鋼barteringdeals易貨交易BASBasicAccountingStandard基本會計標準baseamount基礎數量p45basemoney最基本的貨幣供應量(要想對貨幣進行控制，就必須先要能夠對它的量進行測定。經濟學家用Money也就是“錢”這個英文詞的開頭字母“M”再加上幾個阿拉伯數字來代表貨幣的供應量。M-0:貨幣供應量0，也叫Basemoney，最基本的貨幣供應量。指的是公眾手中流通的貨幣。M-1:貨幣供應量1，狹義貨幣供應量，包括流通貨幣、銀行活期存款、支票帳戶等。M-2:貨幣供應量2，定義較寬些的貨幣，包括M1和銀行的定期存款，但巨額定期存款不包括在內。M-3:貨幣供應量3，廣義貨幣供應量，國家貨幣供應總量)p63basesalary底薪basethisselectiononcompetencyandexperiencecriteria以能力和閱歷為標準進行選拔baseyear基準年baseline基線baselinescenario基線情景baseline/baselineyear基準年Basicadministrativecosts行政經費basicchemicals基礎化學制品basiccourts初級法院basicpension基本養老保險BasicPopulationInformationDatabase人口基本信息資源庫basicreportingunit基本報告單位basicsalary基本工資basicteachingandresearchactivities基礎教研項目basicteachingassignments基本教學任務basispoints（匯率變化的）基點BasleCommitteeonBankingSupervision巴塞爾銀行監理委員會BBSBulletinBoardSystem電子公告板beauditedonaregularbasis定期審計檢查bebiasedby偏差

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to服從beunequallydistributedgeographically地理分配不均bearerformbonds無記名債券p42becomeamajorfactorindeterminingChina'sfutureeconomicgrowth成為決定中國未來經濟發展的主要因素before-taxprofits稅前利潤behavioraltaxes行為稅類BeijingCentreforHandlingComplaintsLodgedbyForeign-FundedEnterprises北京外商投資企業投訴中心BeijingForeignInvestmentServiceCentre北京外商投資服務中心Beijing-Tianjincorridor京津走廊belowmarketprices低于市場價格p63belowminimumwages低于最低工資benchmark基準benchmarkissues基準債券benchmarkloanrate貸款基準利率benefitlevels福利水平benefits(insurance)保險收益BerneConventionfortheProtectionofLiteraryandArtisticWorks《保護文學和藝術作品的伯爾尼公約》bestcultivatedland優質農田bestexecution以最佳價格執行betterlawenforcement更完善/好的執法betterperformingfirm業績較好的公司p97,paragragh4better-offregions發達的地區beveragemanufacturing飲料制造業BIACBusinessandIndustryAdvisoryCommitteetotheOECD經合組織商業和工業委員會bias偏差

bidrigging串通招投標(在采購行為中與供應商的內幕人士合謀)Part1,P117bidders投標人bill-discounting票據貼現part2,p254birthdefects新生兒畸形BIS(BankforInternationalSettlements)國際清算銀行part2,p254BJPIDBasicJuridicalPersonInformationDatabase法人基礎數據庫blue-chipcompany藍籌股boardof(executive)directors董事會,執行董事會doc2-434boardofsupervisors監事會boardpower董事會權力boldchanges巨大變革Bondfinancedinfrastructurespending債券融資基礎設施建設bondfinancing債券融資bondmarket債券市場bondedareas保稅區bondsoutstanding未償還債券bonus獎金bookvalue帳面價值book-entryform簿記式證券p42book-entrygovernmentbonds記賬式國債book-keepingprocedures簿記程序bordereconomicco-operativezone邊境經濟合作區borrowingcosts借款費用bottleneck瓶頸（造成阻礙的事物或環節）doc2-413bottom-upinitiative自下而上的措施p97,paragragh3OECD中國專項研究詞匯表（3）box-tickingexercises逐項核查？BPIDBasicPopulationInformationDatabase人口基礎信息數據庫brandimage品牌形象brandnames品牌名稱breachofcontract違約,毀約,違反合同規定doc2-432breachofenvironmentalregulations違反環保法規bribepayers行賄者briberecipients受賄者bridgetheresultinggap填補鴻溝broadaccesstodecision-making(throughconsultation)通過磋商廣泛參與決策broadbandtechnologies寬帶技術broker經紀人BudapestTreaty國際承認用于專利程序的微生物保存布達佩斯條約(BudapestTreatyontheInternationalRecognitionoftheDepositofMicroorganismsforthePurposesofPatentProcedure）budgetaccounts預算賬戶budgetaggregates預算總額budgetallocation預算分配budgetappropriation預算撥款budgetclassification預算科目budgetconstraint/budgetimplementation預算約束budgetexecution預算執行budgetgeneralledger預算總分類賬budgetlimits預算限額budgetmanagement預算管理budgetmanagementreform預算管理改革budgetoutlays預算支出budgetplanning/budgetpreparation預算編制p42budgetpresentation預算介紹budgetproposals預算草案budgetrevenue預算收入p44budgetsqueeze預算緊張budgettransfer預算轉移budgetaryappropriation國家預算內資金/預算撥款budgetaryconstraint預算約束budgetaryshortfalls預算缺口budgetarysystem預算體系budgetingcycle預算循環bufferfund緩沖基金Bufferstocks緩沖存貨buildaconsensus達成共識buildbetterrelationsbetween改善…間關系buildconsensusbetween與...達成共識buoyantexports出口暢旺burdensonruralhouseholds(""peasantburd"")農村家庭負擔/農民負擔p60bureauchief局長bureaucraticentity行政/官僚實體/官僚機構BureaucraticingenuityBureausofLaborandSocialInsurance/LaborBureaus勞動和社會保障局burgeoningsocialdemand迅速增長的社會需求BusinessandIndustryAdvisoryCommitteetotheOECD經合組織商業和工業咨詢委員會businesscode商業代碼p41Businessentry行業準入businessenvironment商業環境p51businessfailures企業倒閉Businessguidance業務指導businessincubator企業孵化器businessinterruptioninsurance營業中斷保險

businessleadership領導力businesslines業務線p106,paragragh4businesssentiment企業信心businessstart-ups新創企業businesstax/turnovertax營業稅/流轉稅businessturnover營業額businessunit業務單元buy-and-holdinvestor長期持股投資者buyer'smarket買方市場buyout收購byexpenditureapproach,atcurrentprices按支出法，按現行價格p85byinternationalstandards依據國際標準part2,p268by-law地方法規；細則；公司章程bypass

restrictions規避限制cadre干部calibratingregulationsandinstruments修正規章制度cancellationofdebts銷帳capacitybuilding能力建設capacityreduction減少能力capitalaccount資本項目p46capitalaccountconvertibility資本項目可兌換capitalaccountliberalization資本項目開放capitalaccumulation資本積累p60capitaladequacy資本充足capitaladequacyratio資本充足率part2,p251Capitalassetratio資金資產比率capitalbase資本金基礎capitalbudget資本預算capitalconstruction基本建設capitalconstructionexpenditures基本建設支出capitalcontrol資本管制p46capitalcontrolpolicy資本管制政策capitalcontrolregimes資本管制制度capitalexpenditure資本開支，資本支出capitalflow資本流p47capitalformation資本形成capitalgain資本收益capitalgainstax資本收益稅capitalincome/capitalinflow資本收入capitalinjection注資capitalintensity資本集約度capitalintensive資本密集型capitalinvestments資金投入capitalmarket資本市場p54capitalmarketdevelopment.資本市場的發展capitalflow資本流動capitalmobility資本流動性netcapitaloutflow資本凈流出capitalortechnology-intensive資本或技術密集型capital-outputratio資本產出比率capitalmanagement資本管理capitalratio資本率（同資本充足率）part2,p253capitalexpenditures資本支出capitalinvestment資本投資capitalstock\equity股本capitalstock\deposit資本存量(從企業資本經營角度看，資本存量是指企業現存的全部資本資源)capitalcoefficient資本系數capitalstructure資本結構p94,paragragh3capitaltransfers資本移轉weightedaveragecostofcapital(WACC)加權平均資本成本capital-intensiveindustry資本密集型產業capitalization資本化capitalization\marketcapitalization總資本，總市值(公司資產的市場價值，即公司現有股份數額乘以每股市場價值。)CAPSiM(China'sagriculturalpolicysimulationandprojectionmodel)中國農業政策分析和預測模型statecapture世界銀行專家丹尼爾·考夫曼等人所稱的國家捕獲（StateCapture），即各級政權組織為私人大財團所俘獲專門為后者服務而置其他社會階層或集團的利益于不顧，前蘇聯和東歐一些國家在某種意義上出現了這種趨勢。一些地方出現的“領導傍大款”現象，就其實質來說乃是一種“國家捕獲”，這些傍大款的領導只知親商愛富而忘記親民濟貧助弱，成為大款的俘虜。國家捕獲是社會貧富兩極分化的結果，同時又會進一步加劇社會的貧富兩極分化和對立。careeropportunities工作機會carry-back虧損補報措施，抵前cartelization卡特爾現象part2,p387caselaw判例法p41cashdividend現金股息(現金股息是以現金形式支付的股息和紅利,是最普通、最基本的股息形式。票股息相對)cashinflow現金流入cashmarket\spotmarket現貨市場cashrecoveryforallassets全部資產現金回收率cashflowanalysis現金流分析causticsoda苛性鈉catalogueofencouraged,restricted,andprohibitedsectors鼓勵、限制、禁止從事的行業目錄CBICopyright-basedindustry版權產業CBRCChinaBankingRegulatoryCommission中國銀行業監督管理委員會CCAChinaConsumers'Association中國消費者協會CCBChinaConstructionBank中國建設銀行CCDICentralCommissionforDisciplineInspection中央紀律檢查委員會CCGLCCodeofCorporateGovernanceforListedCompanies上市公司治理準則CCICEDChinaCouncilforInternationalCo-operationonEnvironmentandDevelopment中國環境與發展國際合作委員會CCIDChinaComputerIndustryDevelopmentResearchInstitute中國計算機行業發展研究所CCOICChinaChamberofInternationalCommerce中國國際商會CCPDCorruption-relatedCrimePreventionDepartment職務犯罪預防廳CCPITChinaCouncilforthePromotionofInternationalTrade中國國際貿易促進委員會ceiling上限centralandlocalgovernments中央和地方政府CentralBank中央銀行billofexchange匯票bondyield債券收益（就是衡量債券投資收益通常使用的一個指標，是債券收益與其投入本金的比率。）centralbudgetallocation中央預算分配Centralgovernment中央政府p42CentralHuijinInvestmentLtd.中央匯金投資有限責任公司centralplanning中央計劃p51centralplanningmandates中央計劃指令centralizedtop-downlinks自上而下的集中關系centralized/centralregulatoryregisters中央法規登記centralizeddisposalofwaste污染物集中處理centralizedpotablewatersources集中供水廠centralizedsewagetreatment集中化污水處理centralizingandmergingreplicatedandoverlappingfunctions集約化、合并重疊centralizingfunctions職能集中化central-localrelations中央和地方關系centrallyplannedeconomy中央計劃經濟p65centersforthesaleandexchangeofstateassets國有資產交易中心central-localgovernmentfinance中央地方政府財政p52centrifugal離心的centrifugalmovements離心運動Cernet(ChinaEducationandResearchComputerNetwork)中國教育和科研計算機網CertificationAuthorities(CA)認證機構CGEmodel(ComputedGeneralEquilibrium)一般均衡模型chainstore連鎖店

chainsofcommand命令鏈chairoftheBoard董事會主席changeone'sresidence變更戶籍changeorfalsifystatisticaldata篡改或偽造統計數據changeregistration變更土地登記changesinownership權屬變更changingfeesintotaxes/replacingfeeswithtaxes(transformadministrativefeesintotaxes)費改稅channelfunds籌資charitycauses慈善事業ChaseManhattan大通曼哈頓銀行checksandbalances制約與平衡chemicalfertilizers化肥ChinaAgricultureDevelopmentBank中國農業發展銀行ChinaConsumerAssociation(CCA)中國消費者協會ChinaEnvironmentalNews中國環境報ChinaHuaxinInformationTechnologyDevelopmentCompany中國華信信息技術開發公司ChinaExportandImportBank中國進出口銀行ChinaInsuranceRegulatoryCommission(CIRC)中國保險監督管理委員會ChinaInternetNetworkInformationCenter中國互聯網絡信息中心ChinaLife中國人壽part2p265ChinaMarketInformationSurveyAssociation中國市場信息調查協會ChinaMerchantsBank招商銀行ChinaMeteorologyAdministration中國氣象局ChinaStateBank國華商業銀行ChinaStateDevelopmentBank中國國家開發銀行ChinaStateoftheNationResearchSociety中國國情研究會ChinaStatisticalAbstract(CSA)中國統計摘要ChinaStatisticalConsultingCompanyLtd.中國統計咨詢有限公司ChinaStatisticalYearbook(CSY)中國統計年鑒ChinaStatisticalYearbook2000中國統計年鑒2000ChinaTaxationAdministrationInformationSystem(CTAIS)中國稅收征管信息系統ChinaTelecom中國電信（中國電信集團公司）doc2-415China’suniqueandgloballysignificantbiodiversityresources中國具有國際影響的獨特生物多樣性資源China'sDevelopmentResearchCenter中國發展研究中心China'sNationalEnvironmentalMonitoringCentre中國環境監測總站China'ssectorallaws中國行業法China'sStateEconomicandTradeCommission中國國家經濟貿易委員會part2p375CHINATEX(ChinaNationalTextileImportandExportCorporation)中國國家紡織品進出口p67ChineseAcademyofScience中國科學院ChineseAcademyofSocialSciences中國社會科學研究院Chongqingmunicipality重慶直轄市chronicailment慢性疾病CICPAChineseInstituteofCertifiedPublicAccountants中國注冊會計師協會CIETACChinaInternationalEconomicandTradeArbitrationCommission中國國際經濟貿易仲裁委員會CIFvalueofimports進口商品到岸價格CIPR(theCommissiononIntellectualPropertyRights)知識產權委員會circular通知；供傳閱的函件circulareconomy循環經濟circulars公函circulationfundforSOE企業挖潛改造資金CIS(collectiveinvestmentscheme)集體投資計劃Citibank花旗銀行CITICKaWahBank中信嘉華銀行CITIClndustrialBank中信實業銀行CITICSecurities中國國際信托投資公司cityandtownshiplandusetax/thetaxontheuseofurbanland城鎮土地使用稅citybelts城市帶citycommercialbanks(CCBs)城市商業銀行citydwellers城鎮居民citymaintenanceandconstructiontax城市維護建設稅civilandadministrativesanctions民事和行政制裁CivilCode民法civilenforcement執行民事法典CivilProcedureCode民事訴訟法civilprosecution民事起訴civilservice民事服務CivilServiceCodeofConduct公務員行為守則civilservicepersonnelestablishment編制系統civilservice’smeritocracy公共服務系統的先進性civilsociety公民社會claimassessment索賠評估

clarifyitsroleandfunction明晰職責和作用p319clarifyingpropertyrights明晰產權classaction集體訴訟classofshares股票級別p108,paragragh5cleantheirportfolio投資組合清理cleanup暴利p43OECD中國專項研究詞匯表（4）clean-updeadlines清污期限cleardelineationofresponsibilities責任明細clearingcentre清算中心clearlydefined明晰定義clearlydefinedrightsandresponsibilities權責明確clericalstaff辦事員clientbase顧客群clientelism官官相護closeaccounts結束帳戶/撤消交易帳戶closedown關閉/倒閉closedstate-directedeconomy封閉的指令性經濟closelyaligned緊密聯合的closureanddivestment關停破產p82closure,saleandconsolidation關閉，出售，合并p95,paragragh1Clothingandfood溫飽問題CLS外匯連續聯結清算系統CMACChinaMaritimeArbitrationCommission中國海事仲裁委員會CNAOChinaNationalAuditOffice中國國家審計署CNNICChinaInternetNetworkInformationCentre中國互聯網絡信息中心(CNNIC)CNPCChinaNationalPetroleumCorporation中國石油天然氣集團公司CNY人民幣元的標準符號【中文人民幣元

英文RenminbiYuan

原有舊符號RMB￥標準符號CNY

輔幣進位制1CNY=10jao（角）1jao=10fen（分）】coal/charcoalproductsforhouseholduse居民用煤炭制品coal-dominantenergy以煤炭能源為主的經濟coal-dominantenergyandindustrialstructures以煤炭為主的能源和產業結構coal-firedpowerstations燃煤發電站coastalopenareas沿海開放地區coastalopencities沿海開放城市coastalprovinces沿海省份Cobb-Douglasproductionfunction科布一道格拉斯生產函數（科布一道格拉斯生產函數是指這樣的生產函數Q=AL“IK”2Mi3。式中，Q為產量；L為勞動的數量；K為資本的數量；M為原材料的數量；A，31，12，23均為常數。）p72codeofconduct行為規范，工作守則CodeofCorporateGovernanceforListedCompanies上市公司治理準則codeofpractice行為準則Part1,P111codesofgoodbehavior良好行為準則code-word密鑰codifiedenvironmentallaws已編纂的環境法codifythestatusofprivatecompanies規范化私有企業coefficient系數Part1,P130coefficientofvariation變異系數coefficientsonlaborandcapital勞動資本系數COEs:collectively-ownedenterprises集體企業doc2-435COFCOChinaNationalCereals,OilsandFoodstuffsCorporation中國糧油食品進出口公司/中糧集團coherentregulatoryframework一致的規范框架p48coincidewith相符coldstorage冷藏p68collateral抵押品collectingbody征收機構collectionofpollutioncharges收取排污費collectionrate繳稅率Collectiveenterprise集體企業p43collectiveinvestmentfunds集體投資基金collectiveinvestmentschemes(CIS)集體投資計劃collectiveorprivateenterprises集體或私人企業collectiveownershipofland土地集體所有62collectivelycontrolledenterprise集體企業Part1,P102"collectively-ownedenterprises集體所有制企業collectivizedagriculturalsystem集體農業制colludewith與...勾結,串通doc2-408collusivetender欺詐性投標part2,p376commercial/residentiallease商用/房屋租賃complianceregulation合規管理commensurateto與…相稱part2,p393commercialbank商業銀行CommercialBankingAct商業銀行法commercialcapital商業資本Commerciallease商業租約commercialpaper商業票據commercialproduction商業生產commercialsecrets商業機密commerciallending經常性貸款commercialization商業化commissionagents'service傭金代理服務

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