01考點解讀020304考點梳理真題剖析實戰提分

第三章專題專項突破完型填空01考點解讀完形填空是一種旨在考查考生語法和詞匯知識綜合運用能力的典型題型，可以說是根據一篇文章所提供的情景進行的選擇填空，也可以說它是在缺少個別單詞情況下的閱讀理解，是介于單項選擇和閱讀理解之間的一種題型。完形填空既有對語法規則、習慣用法和詞語搭配的考查，又有對文章內容的通篇理解；既考查了考生的閱讀理解能力和語法知識，又考查了考生綜合運用知識的水平和實踐能力。具體而言，完形填空類題包括考查考生對基礎知識的掌握和運用，對整篇文章邏輯關系的理解，在情量中考查詞語搭配、近義詞辨異、動詞時態、句型結構、復合句的關聯和習慣用法等，以及邏輯推理和事理推斷能力。命題趨勢

完形填空的題材以故事性題材居多。故事往往具有幽默性或富有哲理。其他還有科普小品、文化體育、風土人情、人物、史地等。其體裁以記敘文居多。其他還有說明文、應用文、議論文等。完形填空的命題形式往往是在一段難度適中的文章中留出10—20個空白，要求考生從所給的選項中選出一個最佳答案，使補足的短文意思通順、結構完整。短文首尾句一般不設填空題，一般每句中只有一個空。02考點梳理考點主要有：（一）考查詞匯★★★★★通常考查近義詞的區別、詞語的固定搭配和習慣用法等，可能涉及名詞、代詞、動詞、介詞、連詞、形容詞、副詞和短語動詞等。（二）考查結構★★★★通常考查文章中句子與句子之間，段落與段落之間，上文與下文之間的邏輯關系。其設空主要以句子層次為主，以句組層次為輔。（三）考查語法★★★通?？疾楦鞣N語法規則在文章中的運用。其中包括名詞的單復數，形容詞、副詞的比較等級，動詞的時態和語態，介詞、數詞、代詞和連詞的用法，主謂一致，各種從句的用法等。解題技巧與策略（一）通讀全文，了解大意做題目時，首先應該把文章通讀一遍，了解文章的大概內容，并根據上下文提供的信息，把握文章的內在邏輯意義，貫穿文章始終的主線，以及作者行文的走向。把握文章的脈絡，調整并定位自己的解題思路，從而做出最終的選擇。（二）瞻前顧后，逐步填空了解文章大意之后，就可逐步填空。在選擇答案時，一定要全盤考慮上下文的意思，還要考慮句子的結構、習慣用法、固定搭配和詞類的功能，盡量使選出的答案既符合語法規則又符合原文的意思。（三）認真復查，適當調整填空全部選定以后，應當再把短文從頭到尾讀一遍，檢查填空以后的文章是否連貫，情節是否合理，語法結構是否正確。一般來說，如果意思連貫、情節合理、語法結構正確，就意味著所選答案沒有問題；如果發現個別填空使文章文理不通，語法結構有問題，就說明所選答案不正確。對這樣的填空應該再認真推敲，進行調整。03真題剖析

（2019年廣西北部灣經濟區）WhenIwasinmiddleschool,IfeltIwasalwayslettingpeopledown.OnceIbroughtmy1Daisytomyhome.Inoticedthatallmyfamilymembersseemedto2Daisybetterthanme.Ifeltvery3.Ieventhoughttheydidn’tloveme.IwonderedwhethertheywouldmissmeifIdiedsomeday.4Itoldmymum,“DaisyismorepatientthanIhaveeverbeen.Youmustwanthertobeyourdaughterinsteadofme.”MymumexplainedthatDaisywasalovelygirl,but5couldreplace(代替)meinthefamily.ShesaidIwastheonlypersonwhocouldfillmyrole.ShemademerealizethatevenifImade6,Iwasabelovedmemberofthefamilywhocouldneverbereplaced.Fromthenon,Itriedto7outwhoIwasandwhatmademespecial.Ilookat8inanewway.ThenIstartedtobepositive(積極的)towardsmylife,andIwashappyaboutwhoI9was.IcametofeelmuchbetterasIknewthatnoonecouldeverreplaceme.Eachofusholdsaspecialplaceintheworld.Youarespecial,nomatterwhatotherssayorwhatyoumaythink.So10thatyouwillbereplaced.Youcan’tbe.()1.A.daughter B.son C.friend D.uncle()2.A.like B.know C.understand D.learn()3.A.lucky B.sad C.bored D.glad()4.A.But B.So C.Though D.Whether()5.A.anybody B.somebodyC.everybody D.nobody()6.A.mistakes B.faces C.wishes D.decisions()7.A.put B.find C.look D.clear()8.A.itself B.herself C.himself D.myself()9.A.nearly B.hardly C.really D.almost()10.A.forget B.worry C.consider D.thinkCABBDABDCA【解析】全文共有237個詞，篇幅適中，可讀性強。文體記敘文，主題為"人與自我"。短文簡述了作者"我"在某次帶朋友Daisy回家做客，家人對Daisy的態度使得自己產生了某些想法，后與母親交流，得知別人無法取代自己。從此自己積極面對生活，發現全新的自我。下面來看看短文設置的填空都考查了哪些知識點。【解析】第1題考查名詞辨析。通過上下文理解可知，Daisy是作者的朋友，故答案選擇C.friend。【解析】第2題考查動詞辨析。通過句子意思可知，作者注意到似乎家里人喜歡Daisy勝過自己。所以答案選A.like。OnceIbroughtmy1Daisytomyhome.1.A.daughter B.son C.friend D.uncleInoticedthatallmyfamilymembersseemedto2Daisybetterthanme.2.A.like B.know C.understand D.learn

Ifeltvery3.Ieventhoughttheydidn’tloveme.3.A.lucky B.sad C.bored D.glad【解析】第3題考查形容詞。由上文理解可知，作者有了那樣的想法（家人更喜歡朋友Daisy）后，就感到很傷心，所以答案選擇B.sad，構成短語feltverysad。IwonderedwhethertheywouldmissmeifIdiedsomeday.4Itoldmymum,“DaisyismorepatientthanIhaveeverbeen.Youmustwanthertobeyourdaughterinsteadofme.”4.A.But B.So C.Though D.Whether【解析】第4題考查連詞。通過上下文可知，作者感到傷心，因此跟母親交談，故答案選擇B.So?！皊o”在此作連詞，是“因此”的意思。

MymumexplainedthatDaisywasalovelygirl,but5couldreplace(代替)meinthefamily.5.A.anybody B.somebodyC.everybody D.nobody【解析】第5題考查不定代詞。通過上下文可知，“母親”向作者解釋：雖然Daisy是一個可愛的女孩，但在家庭里沒有任何人能取代（作者）自己，故答案選擇D.nobody，是“沒有任何人”之意?！窘馕觥康?題考查名詞辨析。通過上下文可知，“母親”的話使得作者明白即使自己曾經犯錯，但自己還是被愛著的，任何人都無法替代其中的每個家庭成員。“犯錯”的短語是“makemistakes”，故答案選A。ShesaidIwastheonlypersonwhocouldfillmyrole.ShemademerealizethatevenifImade6,Iwasabelovedmemberofthefamilywhocouldneverbereplaced.6.A.mistakes B.faces C.wishes D.decisions

Fromthenon,Itriedto7outwhoIwasandwhatmademespecial.7.A.put B.find C.look D.clear【解析】第7題考查動詞辨析。通過上下文可知，從此作者努力發現自我，使得自己與眾不同?！鞍l現”是“findout”，故答案選擇B.find?！窘馕觥康?題考查反身代詞。通過上下文的理解可知，作者以一種全新的方式審視自己“lookatmyself”，故答案選擇D.myself。Ilookat8inanewway.8.A.itself B.herself C.himself D.myself

【解析】第9題考查副詞辨析。通過上下文的理解可知，作者以一種全新的方式審視自己后，開始積極對待生活，同時很高興自己成為了真正的自我?！罢嬲笔恰皉eally”，故答案選擇C.really。【解析】第10題考查動詞辨析。最后一段是作者的總結：我們每個人在這個世界上都有自己的位置。不管其他人說什么或者你自己怎么想，你都是特別的。因此（你）要忘掉你會被取代。你不可能被取代。根據這段話的意思，答案選擇A.forget。ThenIstartedtobepositive(積極的)towardsmylife,andIwashappyaboutwhoI9was.9.A.nearly B.hardly C.really D.almostEachofusholdsaspecialplaceintheworld.Youarespecial,nomatterwhatotherssayorwhatyoumaythink.So10thatyouwillbereplaced.Youcan’tbe.10.A.forget B.worry C.consider D.think

易錯剖析以上面完形填空為例：

【解析】例1.第5題，如果考生只看“but5couldreplace(代替)meinthefamily.”這個句子的話，極容易誤選B.somebody和C.everybody。但通過上下文可知，要表達的是“在家庭里沒有任何人能取代（作者）自己”，故答案選擇D.nobody。MymumexplainedthatDaisywasalovelygirl,but5couldreplace(代替)meinthefamily.5.A.anybody B.somebodyC.everybody D.nobody

以上面完形填空為例：

【解析】例2.第6題，考查make構成的短語辨析。單看句子“ShemademerealizethatevenifImade6”的話，四個選項都可以選，D更容易讓學生誤選，makedecisions是“做出決定”的意思。根據上下文邏輯，只有選項A是最佳答案，makemistakes是“犯錯”的意思。ShesaidIwastheonlypersonwhocouldfillmyrole.ShemademerealizethatevenifImade6,Iwasabelovedmemberofthefamilywhocouldneverbereplaced.6.A.mistakes B.faces C.wishes D.decisions

以上面完形填空為例：

【解析】例3.第8題，選項B.herself極具干擾性，因為前面說了很多與Daisy有關的內容，在這里句子“Ilookat8inanewway.”如果填入herself的話，語法也是正確的，但與文章表達的意思有誤，如果考生不真正理解短文的話，極易誤選。Ilookat8inanewway.8.A.itself B.herself C.himself D.myself

04實戰提分基礎過關（一）WhenIwasinmiddleschool,IoftenlikedtalkingabouthowmanyfriendsIhadatschool.Oneday,mygrandfathersaidtome,"Harry，Ibet（打賭）youdon'thaveasmany

1

asyouthink."Ididn'tbelievethis.However,Istillwantedto

2

ifmyschoolmateswererealfriends,soIaskedmygrandpaforhelp.Heagreed.Soon,mygrandpareturnedandcarried

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inhishand,butIcouldseenothing."It'saveryspecialchair.Youcan'tseeit,butifyoutrytositonit.you'lltellwhoyourrelfriedsare."Thenextday,I

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thespecialchairtoschool.Atlunchtime,Iaskedmyfriendstostandaroundme,Iput

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inthemiddle,withmychair,"You'reabouttosesomething

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."AndItriedsitingonthe

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.Imissedandfellstraightontheground.Everyonelaughed.Ikepttryingtositonthemagicchair.andkeptfallingtotheground.

8

Itriedagainbutdidn'tfall,Looking

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surprisingly,IsawGeorge,LucasandDiana,threeofmybestfriendsboldingmeup.Iwassomoved.Fromthenon,Iknewtherealfriendsarethosewhohelpusgetoutoftroubleinsteadof

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usloudly.（

）1.A.studentsB.clssmatesC.teachersD.friends（）2.A.showB.testC.breakD.fix（）3.A.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.nothing（）4.A.broughtB.boughtC.receivedD.searched（）5.A.himselfB.myselfC.itselfD.herself（）6.A.boringB.amazingC.relxingD.interesting（）7.A.groundB.middleC.chairD.desk（）8.A.SadlyB.ReentlyC.CertainlyD.Suddenly（）9.A.atB.forC.aroundD.into（）10.A.agreeingwithB.caringforC.laughingatD.talkingtoDBAABBCDDC

基礎過關（二）（2019年廣西北部灣經濟區）WhenIwasinmiddleschool,IfeltIwasalwayslettingpeopledown.OnceIbroughtmy1Daisytomyhome.Inoticedthatallmyfamilymembersseemedto2Daisybetterthanme.Ifeltvery3.Ieventhoughttheydidn’tloveme.IwonderedwhethertheywouldmissmeifIdiedsomeday.4Itoldmymum,“DaisyismorepatientthanIhaveeverbeen.Youmustwanthertobeyourdaughterinsteadofme.”MymumexplainedthatDaisywasalovelygirl,but5couldreplace(代替)meinthefamily.ShesaidIwastheonlypersonwhocouldfillmyrole.ShemademerealizethatevenifImade6,Iwasabelovedmemberofthefamilywhocouldneverbereplaced.Fromthenon,Itriedto7outwhoIwasandwhatmademespecial.Ilookat8inanewway.ThenIstartedtobepositive(積極的)towardsmylife,andIwashappyaboutwhoI9was.IcametofeelmuchbetterasIknewthatnoonecouldeverreplaceme.Eachofusholdsaspecialplaceintheworld.Youarespecial,nomatterwhatotherssayorwhatyoumaythink.So10thatyouwillbereplaced.Youcan’tbe.()1.A.daughter B.son C.friend D.uncle()2.A.like B.know C.understand D.learn()3.A.lucky B.sad C.bored D.glad()4.A.But B.So C.Though D.Whether()5.A.anybody B.somebodyC.everybody D.nobody()6.A.mistakes B.faces C.wishes D.decisions()7.A.put B.find C.look D.clear()8.A.itself B.herself C.himself D.myself()9.A.nearly B.hardly C.really D.almost()10.A.forget B.worry C.consider D.thinkCABBDABDCA拓展提升（一）(2020年廣西北部灣經濟區）Ablindboysatonthestepsofabildingwithahatbyhisfeet.Heheldupasignwhichsaid,"Iamblind.Pleasehelpme,"Peoplewentpast.buttherewerefew

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inhishat.Amanmettheboybychance.Hetooksomecoinsfromhispocketanddropped

themintothehat.Hethentookthesign,turneditaround,and

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somethingonit.Heputthesignback

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everyonewhowalkedbycouldseethenewwords.Soonthehatbeganto

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,Moreandmorepeoplegavemoneytotheblindboy.Thatafternoxthemancametosehowthingswere.Theboyknewfromhisfotstepsandasked,"wereyoutheonewho

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mysignthismorning?Whatdidyoudo?"Themansaid,"Ionlytoldpeoplethe

6.

Isaidthesamethingasyousaid,butina

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way.I

wrote,'Todayis

abeautifulday,butIcannotseeit.'

"Bothsignstoldpeoplethattheboywasblind.Butthefirstsign

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saidtheboywasblind.Thesecondonetoldpeoplethattheywerceso

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tosethebeautifulday.Thentheyfeltsorryforthepoorboyandcaredabouthim

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.Thisstorytellsus:bethankfulforwhatwehaveandhekindtothosewhoneedbelp.()1.A.candies

B.drinks

C.coins

D.clothes()2.A.saw

B.wrote

C.drew

D.noticed()3.A.or

B.but

C.sothat

D.because()4.A.fillup

B.lookup

C.jumpup

D.getup()5.A.cut

B.stole

C.cleaned

D.moved()6.A.truth

B.story

C.name

D.news()7.A.basic

B.brave

C.different

D.strange()8.A.loudly

B.simply

C.probably

D.seriously()9.A.happy

B.poor

C.sorry

D.lucky()10.A.closer

B.farther

C.more

D.lessCBCADACBDC（二）（2021年柳州）YuanLongpingwasborninBejingin1930.Oneday,hesawmany

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peopleholdingemptybowlsinthestret.Andhealso