閱讀理解保分練(五)詞句猜測題——詞義猜測類(A)[2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷，C]Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit'srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople'sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:thedigitaldeclutter.Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.Inthefinalchapterofpartone,I'llguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter.Indoingso,I'lldrawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1，600peopleagreedtoperformadigitaldeclutter.You'llheartheseparticipants'storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellforthem,andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyoushouldavoid.Thesecondpartofthisbooktakesacloserlookatsomeideasthatwillhelpyoucultivate(培養(yǎng))asustainabledigitalminimalismlifestyle.Inthesechapters,Iexamineissuessuchastheimportanceofsolitude(獨(dú)處)andthenecessityofcultivatinghigh-qualityleisuretoreplacethetimemostnowspentonmindlessdeviceuse.Eachchapterconcludeswithacollectionofpractices,whicharedesignedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatworksforyourparticularcircumstances.1．Whatisthebookaimedat?A．Teachingcriticalthinkingskills.B．Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.C．Solvingphilosophicalproblems.D．Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter”inParagraph3mean?A．Clear-up.B．Add-on.C．Check-in.D．Take-over.3．Whatispresentedinthefinalchapterofpartone?A.Theoreticalmodels.B．Statisticalmethods.C．Practicalexamples.D．Historicalanalyses.4．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowiththepracticesofferedinparttwo?A．Usethemasneeded.B．Recommendthemtofriends.C．Evaluatetheireffects.D．Identifytheideasbehindthem.(B)[2023·石家莊市高三質(zhì)檢]Ice-coatedvines(葡萄藤)stretchedacrosshillsidesaroundChablis,France,astheregionhadatemperatureof－5℃onMonday.Fruitgrowersareworriedthatthefrostwillkillofflargenumbersofearlybuds(花蕾)anddisturbthewholegrowingseason.ThefrostisparticularlydisturbingafterasimilarphenomenonhitFrenchvineyardslastyear,leadingtosome2billioneurosinlosses.Scientistslaterfoundthatthedamaging2021frostwasmorelikelymadebyclimatechange.Somegrowerstriedtowarmthevineswithelectricallines,orsetupspecialwateringsystems,orspray(噴灑)thebudswithwatertoprotectthemfromfrost.Thewatercreatesathinlayeroficethatensuresthebuds'temperatureremainsaroundfreezingpointbutdoesnotdropmuchlower.Daniel-EtienneDefaix,whosevineyardhasbeenproducingwinefor400yearsandlivedthroughmanyclimatedisasters,callswhat'shappeningnow“avery,veryseriousfrost”.Heplacedcandlesonthesoiltoprotectaboutfivehectaresofhismostvaluablegrapes,buthadtoleavetheremaining25hectarestofacetheforceofnature.Atacostof10eurospercandle,and600candlesperhectare,itwastoocostlytosavetherestofthegrapes.The2021AprilfrostledtowhatFrenchgovernmentofficialsdescribedas“probablythegreatestagriculturaldisasterofthebeginningofthe21stcentury”.Thepatternwassimilar:anintenseApril6～8frostafteralengthywarmperiodinMarch.Theresearchersconcludedthatthewarmingcausedbyhumanshadcoaxedtheplantssothattheyexposedtheiryoungleavesearlierthanusual,beforeaburstofArcticcoldreachedEuropeinApril.5．WhatdidDaniel-EtienneDefaixdotoprotecthisvines?A．Heatthevineswithelectricallines.B．Spraythebudswithwater.C．Setupspecialwateringsystems.D．Warmthevineswithcandles.6．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Growerscansavemostoftheircrops.B．The2022frostistheworstinhistory.C．Humansaretoblameforthedamage.D．TheweatherwasnormallastMarch.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“coaxed”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Protected.B．Dried.C．Tricked.D．Delayed.8．Whichisthebesttitleofthetext?A．CausesforEarlyBuddingB．LateFrostThreatensVineCropsC．CreativeWaystoSaveVinesD．GlobalWarmingBringsExtremeWeather閱讀理解保分練（五）（A）語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會——生活方式——數(shù)字極簡主義生活方式的優(yōu)點(diǎn)【文章大意】文章主要介紹了數(shù)字極簡主義生活方式的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，倡導(dǎo)簡單的數(shù)字生活方式。1．答案與解析：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit'srightforyou.（這本書的目標(biāo)是解釋數(shù)字極簡主義，包括詳細(xì)探索它的要求和為什么有效，然后如果你認(rèn)為它適合你，教你如何采用這種生活態(tài)度）”可知，這本書的目的是倡導(dǎo)簡單的數(shù)字生活方式。故選B。2．答案與解析：A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞下文“Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.（這個過程要求你在30天內(nèi)遠(yuǎn)離可選的在線活動。在30天結(jié)束的時候，你再加上一些你認(rèn)為會給你所看重的東西帶來巨大好處的精心挑選的在線活動）”可推知，畫線詞“declutter”的意思是“清理”，對在線活動進(jìn)行清理和挑選。故選A。3．答案與解析：C推理判斷題。通過文章第四段“Inthefinalchapterofpartone,I'llguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter.Indoingso,I'lldrawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1，600peopleagreedtoperformadigitaldeclutter.（在第一部分的最后一章中，我將指導(dǎo)您進(jìn)行自己的數(shù)字清理。在這樣做的過程中，我將借鑒我在2018年進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)，在該實(shí)驗(yàn)中，1600多人同意進(jìn)行數(shù)字清理）”可推知，第一部分的最后一章介紹了實(shí)驗(yàn)與數(shù)字清理的實(shí)際例子。故選C。4．答案與解析：A推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestyle