單元重點回顧Ⅰ.重點單詞1．extendvt.擴展；使伸長；延長→extensionn．伸展，擴大；延長，延期→extendedadj.延長了的；擴展了的→extensiveadj.廣闊的，廣大的；范圍廣泛的①extendinto...擴大或延長到……②extendoversth.(使)持續，延續③extend(...)tosth.(使)達到，伸展到2．negotiatevt.商定；達成(協議)vi.談判；磋商；協商→negotiationn．協商，談判；轉讓；通過→negotiatorn．磋商者；交涉者；交易者①negotiatesth.協商某事②negotiateadeal/contract/treaty/settlement達成交易/確立合同/商定條約內容/商定解決措施③negotiatewithsb.for/aboutsth.與某人協商某事④undernegotiation在商討之中3．withdrawvt.取(款)；收回(說過的話)vt.&vi.(使)撤回；撤離；撤退→withdrawaln．收回，取回，撤回；不再參加，退出(組織)；取款①withdrawsth./sb.fromsth.從某事中撤離某物/某人②withdrawsth./sb.撤離某物/某人③withdrawfrom退出；撤回④withdrawaschool/one'soffice退學/辭職4．bondn.紐帶；關系；黏合劑vt.&vi.增強信任關系；使牢固結合①bondbetweenAandBA與B的關系/紐帶②bondAandB(together)把A和B聯系在一起③bondAtoB把A和B聯系在一起④bondwithsb.增強與某人的信任關系；建立與某人的互信關系5．meanwhileadv.與此同時；(比較兩方面)對比之下n．其間；其時①inthemeanwhile(＝inthemeantime)在此期間，與此同時②forthemeanwhile一會兒；暫時③atthesametime同時6．mercyn.仁慈；寬恕；憐憫→mercifuladj.仁慈的；寬大的→mercilessadj.無慈悲心的；無情的；殘忍的①havemercyon/upon對……仁慈②showmercytosb.憐憫某人③begformercy乞求寬大④withoutmercy無情地⑤atthemercyof任……擺布，在……前毫無辦法⑥bemercifulto對……仁慈7．possessionn．[usuallypl.]個人財產；擁有；控制→possessvt.擁有；具有；支配①inpossessionofsth.占有(或擁有)某物②inthepossessionofsb.為某人所有③inone'spossession為某人所有④gain/get/take/havepossessionof占有；擁有；占領⑤bepossessedofsth.具有(某種品質或特征)⑥bepossessedwith/by...被……控制8．logvt.把……載入正式記錄；記錄n．正式記錄；日志；原木①loginto登錄②login/on登錄，注冊，進入(計算機系統)③logsb.in/on讓某人登錄，使注冊，使進入(計算機系統)④logoff/out注銷；退出(計算機系統)⑤logsb.off/out使注銷；使退出(計算機系統)9．arrestn.逮捕；拘留；中止vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止①arrestsb.for...因……而逮捕某人②getarrested...被逮捕③arrestone'sattention...引起某人的注意④underarrest在關押中⑤makeanarrest進行拘捕Ⅱ.重點短語1.searchfor搜索，搜尋①searchsp.forsth.在某地搜尋某物②searchsb.forsth.為了某物搜某人身③insearchof＝inone'ssearchfor搜尋2.setsail起航；開航①setfooton/in踏上；踏足；踏進②setaboutdoingsth.著手做某事③setoff出發，動身；點燃，引爆；引發④setout出發，動身；陳述；擺放⑤setdown放下；寫下，記下⑥setup創建，建立，建起⑦setaside把……放一邊；預留出3.inreturnfor作為……的報答/交換①inreturn(＝inreward)回報；作為報答②inturn因此；因而；反過來；依次；輪流③onone'sreturn某人一回來④returnsth.tosb.＝returnsb.sth.歸還某人某物⑤returnto...回到……4.inhand在手頭；可供使用①shakehands握手②givesb.ahand幫助某人③athand在手邊；即將到來④byhand用手；靠人工⑤handinhand手拉手；連在一起的；密切關聯⑥handdown傳下去⑦handout分發⑧handover把……交給⑨handin上交5.tellapart辨別；區分①takeapart拆開，拆卸②tearapart撕毀，撕碎；分開，分裂③fallapart崩潰；散架，瓦解④apartfrom...除……之外6.behometo是……的棲息地/家園；是……的產地/所在地①athome在家里；在國內；舒適的，不拘束的②feelathome感覺舒適自在③makeoneselfathome別拘束7.takeaction采取行動；采取措施①takeimmediateaction立即采取行動②takelegalaction采取法律手段③“采取措施”的其他表達：takemeasurestakesteps8.amountsof許多，大量(接不可數名詞)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(largeamountsof＋不可數名詞＋復數謂語動詞,alargeamountof＋不可數名詞＋單數謂語動詞))“許多，大量”的其他表達：(1)只修飾可數名詞復數的：many,agreat/goodmany,agreat/largenumberof,quiteafew(2)只修飾不可數名詞的：much,agreat/gooddealof(3)既可以修飾不可數名詞又可以修飾可數名詞復數的：alotof,lotsof,aquantityof,quantitiesof,plentyof以下短語接名詞作主語時應注意謂語動詞的單復數形式：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(alargequantityof＋不可數名詞＋單數謂語,alargequantityof＋可數名詞復數＋復數謂語,largequantitiesof＋不可數名詞/可數名詞復數,＋復數謂語,manya/an＋可數名詞單數＋單數謂語,anumberof＋可數名詞復數＋復數謂語))Ⅲ.重點句型1.Tocompletethegreatmapoftheworldwasastrongpassionforthepeopleofearlycivilisations.完成世界的偉大地圖是早期文明人民的一種強烈激情。(不定式作主語)2．Inancienttimes,silkfromChinafounditswayoverlandtoIndia,theMiddleEast,andRome,alongwhatbecameknownastheSilkRoad.在古代，中國的絲綢經由一條陸路運到印度、中東和羅馬，這條路就是有名的“絲綢之路”。(what引導名詞性從句)3．Here,merchantsfromChinaandmanyotherplacesmettonegotiatetradedeals,whichalsoledtomoreawarenessofeachother'scultures.來自中國和許多其他地方的商人在這里相遇，商談貿易，這也導致了對彼此文化的更多認識。(定語從句)4．Overthecenturies,furthertradingallowedmoreexplorationoftheregionstothewestofChina,asrecordedinDuHuan'sRecordofMyTravelsintheeighthcentury.幾個世紀以來，貿易的進一步發展使更多對中國西部地區的探索活動得以進行，這一點在8世紀杜環的《經行記》中有所記載。(非限制性定語從句)5.Fromascientificpointofview,thereisanurgentneedtostudytheArcticinordertounderstandclimatechangeanditseffects.從科學角度看，迫切需要研究北極，以了解氣候變化及其影響。(thereisanurgentneedtodo...)6．Plasticpollutionisalsobad,killingmanybirdsandfish,andhasevenbeenfoundinourtapwater.塑料污染也很嚴重，殺死了許多鳥和魚，甚至在我們的自來水中被發現。(非謂語作狀語)7.Miningforresourcesisverydamaging,especiallyintheArctic.開采資源是非常有害的，特別是在北極。(非謂語作主語)8.Althoughthiswasbannedin1982,somecountriesarestill“murdering”theseintelligentcreatureswithoutmercy.雖然這在1982年就被禁止了，但一些國家仍然在毫不留情地“謀殺”這些聰明的生物。(although)9．Weneedtounderstandwhatishappeningtoourplanetsothatwecantakeaction.我們需要了解我們的星球正在發生什么，這樣我們才能采取行動。(sothat)10．Hopefully,astechnologyimproves,wemayhavemoreoptionsformanagingthisbalance.隨著技術的進步，我們有望可以有更多的選擇來實現這種平衡。(as引導時間狀語從句)時文閱讀新發現：地球最大海草生態系統(選自)語篇導讀：海草床是許多海洋生物重要的育幼地和覓食地。它可以吸收和儲存大量的碳，是重要的“藍碳”資源，對緩解氣候危機具有重要作用。據近期報道，在虎鯊的協助下，科學家在巴哈馬海域發現了世界上最大的海草生態系統。這一發現使地球已知的海草床總面積增加了40%以上。Seagrassmeadows(海草床)arewonderplantsgrowingbeneaththesea.Theyfeedandsheltersealifeandaremasterfulatstoringcarbon.Thankstotheassistanceoftigersharks,ahugeseagrassmeadowintheBahamasBankswasrecentlydiscovered,offeringtheworldatooltofightclimatechange.SeagrasshasusuallybeendetectedbyEarth-orbitingsatellitesthatidentifydarkerpatchesinthebluewater.Inthisstudy,tigersharkswereselectedasresearchtoolsduetotheirhighlyconsistentassociationswithseagrassecosystems.Theyspend70%oftheirtimeinseagrassmeadows.Theteamequippedeighttigersharkswithsatellitetags,sevensharkswithcameratags,anduseda360-degreecameraonasharkforthefirsttimeever.Thedataresearcherscollectedwasastonishing.Theworld'slargestseagrassecosystem,measuringatleast66,900squarekilometers,hasbeendiscovered.Thisreflectsa41%increasefrompreviousestimatesofglobalseagrass.Seagrasscancapture(捕獲)hugequantitiesofcarbonbyphotosynthesisandstoresitontheseafloor.Intermsofclimatechange,thisisexcellentnews;seagrassis35timesfasteratremovingcarbonthantropicalrainforests.Whenreferredtoglobalseagrasscarbonstockestimates,thestudyindicatesthatseagrassintheBahamasmaycontain19.2%to26.3%ofallthecarbonstoredinseagrassmeadowsonEarth.Yetseagrassmeadowsarerapidlydisappearing,withover92%ofmeadowsintheUKgone,accordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund.Scientistsarecollectingseedsandtryingtogrownewseagrassmeadowsthroughrestorationprojects.Thisnewdiscoveryoffersoptimismandprovestheimportanceoftheoceanforhealing.ThesharksledustotheseagrassecosystemintheBahamas,whichwenowknowislikelythemostsignificantbluecarbonsinkontheplanet.Whatthisdiscoveryshowsusisthatoceanexplorationandresearchareessentialforahealthyfuture.Theuntappedpotentialoftheoceanislimitless.Thesemeadowscanbeprotectedandcanbereplicated,offeringhopeforclimatechangearoundtheglobe.1.Whyweretigersharkschosenasresearchtools?DA．Theyaremoreflexiblethanotherseaanimals.B．Theycanquicklyadjustthemselvestothedeepsea.C．Theycanbeeasilyequippedwithexperimentaldevices.D．Theyhaveastrongconnectionwithseagrassecosystems.2.WhatarethenumbersinParagraph3mainlyabout?DA．Thedeclineofglobalseagrassmeadows.B．Theimpactofclimatechangeonsealife.C．TherapidincreaseintheamountofcarbononEarth.D．Thepotentialvalueoftheworld'slargestseagrassecosystem.3.Whatarescientistsdoingtoprotectseagrass?A