考研外語模擬試題9

一、UseofEnglish

1、Nobody,itseems,wantstobeleftoutofArgentinaJs

currentboomintelevisionrealityshows.Afterthesuccessof

localversionsof“BigBrother"and"Survivor”,acameraisnow

tobe(1)inthepresidentialpalace,theCasaRosada,to

filmeverything(well,almost)(2)PresidentFernandode

laRuagets(3)to.Theresultswillbeeditedand(4)

severaltimesaday,(5)thestatechannel,Canal7;thus

dispell,itis(6),thenotionthatthepresidentspends

histimetwiddlinghisthumbstohiseconomyminister,Domingo

Cavallo,runsthecountry.

Thisisadangerousstrategy.Mr.delaRua'spredecessor,

CarlosMenem,wasfamousforhisloveofshowbusiness,even

closinghis1995presidentialcampaign(7)anappearance

onthehitshow"Videomatch”.Indeliberate(8)_____,before

hiselectionvictorytwoyears(9).Mr.delaRua(10)

intelevisioncommercialsthathewasaveryboringman.

Audiencesagree:hisappearanceslastyearonseveralleading

talk(11)madetheirratingsfall.Worse,whenhedecided

tomakehisownappearanceon"Videomatch"lastDecember,a

memberoftheaudienceblamedhimandlefthim(12)

embarrassed.

Withacongressionalelection(13)inOctober,opinion

(14)suggestthatoverthree-quartersofArgentines

(15)dissatisfiedwithMr.delaRua.That,sayshiscircle,

isatleastpartlyduetohis(16)portrayalbyFreddy

Villarreal,animpressioniston“Videomatch”,andbyleading

newspapercartoonists,suchasNikinLaNaeion.

Mr.delaRua'steamisapparentlypressingthe(17)to

benicer.Butitisunclearwhetherblanket(18)willhelp

thepresidentwin(19)viewers,orwhethertheywillvote

thatFernandoshould(20)thehousein2022.

A.installed

B.set

C.established

D.settled

2、(2)

A.what

B.that

C.whatever

D.which

3、(3)

A.down

B.at

C.up

D.on

4、(4)

A.announcing

B.broadcasting

C.announced

D.broadcast

5、⑸

A.at

B.in

C.on

D.through

6、(6)

A.hoping

B.hoped

C.wishing

D.wished

7、(7)

A.in

to

3

B.by

C.through

D.with

8、(8)

A.opposite

B.contrary

C.contrast

D.opposition

9、(9)

A.ago

B.before

C.back

D.ahead

10、(10)

A.admitted

B.declared

C.claimed

D.boasted

11、(11)

A.shows

B.performances

C.acts

4

D.programmes

12、(12)

A.seeming

B.looked

C.seemed

D.looking

13、(13)

A.approached

B.approaching

C.coming

D.verging

14、(14)

A.census

B.surveys

C.ballots

D.polls

15、(15)

A.is

B.were

C.are

D.was

16、(16)

5

A.uncaring

B.insensible

C.unconcerned

D.unsympathetic

17、(17)

A.channel

B.media

C.show

D.TV

18、(18)

A.exposure

B.revelation

C.display

D.disclosure

19、(19)

A.through

B.out

C.back

D.up

20、(20)

A.leave

B.abandon

6

C.depart

D.quit

二、ReadingComprehension

1、PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestions

beloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)

Atcurrentonline-adrates,itisalmostimpossibleforweb

publishersthatcreatetheirowncontenttomakemoney一just

askanyofthetwodozen,fromZ.comtoeCountriesthathave

gonebustinthepastmonthalone.Themasonforthebloodbath

issimple:advertisersarenotwillingmpayenoughforwebads

tosupportthecostofdisplayingthem.

Toseewhy,consideracredit-cardfirmthatwantstofind

customersonline.Sayitrunsacampaigntodisplayitsbanner

adto2millionviewers.Usingindustryaverages,oneoutof

every200viewerscanbeexpectedtoclickonthead:oneout

ofevery100ofthosewillactuallysignupforacreditcard.

Thus,thecampaignwouldyield100newcustomers.Offline,the

firmpaysabout$150foreachcustomeritacquires,through

anythingfromdirectmailtotelevisionads.Usingthesamerate,

itwouldthereforebewillingtopay$15,000forthose2million

online-adviews,oracost-per-thousand-views(CPM)rateof

不_____Q

q7

$7.50.

Nowconsidertheeconomicsofthewebsitethatisrunningthose

ads.Itprobablydoesnothaveitsownadsalesteam,soitis

gettingthosecredit-cardadsfromanadvertisingnetworksuch

asDoubleClick.Thenetworktakeshalftherevenues,leaving

thesitewithaCPMof$3.75.Imaginethatthesiteisvery

successful,sayamongthetopfewhundredontheweb.Ifso,

itmaybeabletogenerate10mpageviews'amonth.At$3.75

perthousandviews,thatmeansrevenueof$37,500amonth.Take

outhardware,softwareandbandwidthcosts,andenoughmight

belefttosupporttwoemployeesorso.

Thisgrimpicturecanbeimprovedbysellingmorethanonead

perpage,butsuchclutteroftencomesatthecostofalower

rateof"click-throughs"and,eventually,evenlowerCPMs.The

sitecantrytochargehigherCPMsbyprovidingmoreinformation

aboutviewerdemographics,tohelpadvertiserstargettheirads,

orbyclaimingthatithasasignthatmayjustifyafeefor

brand-buildingadvertisers.Butadvertisersareskeptical.

Thebiggestwebportalsgettheircontentalmostforfree一a

mixtureofmaterialfromother-sitesandcontentcreatedby

viewers一andattractsomuchtrafficthattheycansupporthuge

organizationsonlowCPMs.Butformostsmallerwebsites,there

isnowayout.Thosethatcannotfindrevenuesourcesbeyond

advertisingwilleithergobustorbeforcedtoadmitthattheir

siteisanon-profitenterprise.Iftruth-in-advertisingrules

wereenforced,mostdotcomswouldbedotorgs.

Innowadays,earningmoneyfromthewebisrather.

A.difficult

B.unimaginative

C.easy

D.impossible

2、

Whocanreallygetprofitsfromtheads?

A.Allthewebsiteswithads.

B.Somepowerfulsites.

C.Peeradvertisingwebsites.

D.Adadvertisers.

3、

Fromthepassage,wecanseethat.

A.smallwebsitesshouldbeannexedbybigones

B.mostwebsiteswillgobust

C.dotorgschargedmorefromadvertising

D.mostwebsiteadvertisingsarenotactuallythetruth

4、

Usingindustryaverages,if400viewerscanbeexpectedtosign

upacredit,card,howmuchviewerswillactuallyseethead?

A.2million

B.4million

C.16million

D.8million

5、

Theauthor'sattitudetothefutureofwebsitesis.

A.distrustful

B.pessimistic

C.detesting

D.optimistic

6、Theconsequencesofheavydrinkingarewelldocumented:

failinghealth,brokenmarriages,regrettablelate-nightphone

calls.ButaccordingtoGregoryLuzaich'scalculations,there

canbeadownsidetomodestdrinking,too一thoughonethat

damagesthewallet,nottheliver.

ThePekWineStewardpreventswinefromspoilingbyinjecting

argon,aninertgas,intothebottlebeforesealingitairtight

withsilicon.Mr.Luzaich,amechanicalengineerinWindsor,

Calif一intheSonomaCountywinecountry一firsttalliedthe

costsofhisreasonableconsumptioninOctober2022.Tdlike

tocomehomeintheeveningandhaveaglassofwinewithdinner”,

hesaid."Mywifedoesn，tdrinkverymuch,sothebottle

wouldn，tgetconsumed.AndmaybeIwouldforgetaboutitthe

nextday,andI'dcheckbackadayortwolater,andthewine

wouldbespoiled”.Thatmeanthewaswastingmostofa$15to

$20bottleofwinedozensoftimesayear.

Acheekofthewine-preservationgadgetsonthemarketleftMr.

LuzaichdissatisfiedHigh-endwinecabinetscostthousandsof

dollars—ahugeinvestmentforaglass-a-daydrinker.

Affordablepreservers,meanwhile,didn'tquiteperform,toMr.

Luzaich'sliking;bethoughttheyallowedtoomuchoxidation,

whichdegradesthetasteofawine.

Thesolution,hedecided,wasabettergas.Manypreservers

pumpednitrogenintoanopenedbottletoslowawine'sdecline,

eventhoughoenologicalliteraturesuggestedthatargonwas

moreeffective.SowhenhebegandesigningthePekWineSteward,

ametalconeintowhichawinebottleisinserted,Mr.Luzaich

foundthathismainchallengewastofigureouthowbestto

introducetheargon.

Hespentmonthsfine-tuningagasinjectionsystem."Weused

computationalfluiddynamicstomodelthegasflow”,Mr.

Luzaichsaid,referringtoacomputer-analysistechniquethat

_____Q

qii

measureshowsmoothlyparticlesareflowing.Thegoalwasto

createaninjectorthatcouldswapabottle'soxygenatomsfor

argonatoms;argonisaninertgas,andthusunlikelytoharm

aniceChianti.

Mr.Luzaich,whohadpreviouslydesignedmedicaland

telecommunicationsproducts,alsoworkedoncreatingan

airtightseal,tosecurethebottleaftertheargonwasinjected.

Heexperimentedwithseveralsubstances,fromneoprenetoa

visco-elasticpolymer(whichhedismissedas"toogooey"),

beforesettlingonafood-gradesilicon.

Tosavewine,abottleisplacedinsidethePekWineSteward,

thetopisclosed,andatriggerispulledfor5to10seconds,

dependingonhowmuchwineremains.Whenthetriggerisreleased,

thebottleissealedautomatically,preservingthewinefora

weekormore.Thecompanysays."Wewantedtomakeitveryeasy

fortheconsumer”,Mr.Luzaichsaid."It'sbasicallymindless”.

Thedevice,whichresemblesahigh-techthermos,firstbecame

availabletoconsumersinMarch2022,and8,000to10,000have

beensold,primarilythroughcatalogslikethoseofTheWine

EnthusiastandHammacherSchlemmerThebasemodelsellsfor$99;

adeluxemodel,whichalsoincludesathermoelectriccooler,

is$199.

AccordingtoGregoryLuzaich.thedisadvantageofmodest

drinkingis.

A.damagingtheliver

B.costingmuch

C.breakingmarriages

D.spoilingthewine

7、

Theword“tallied”(Para.2)probablymeans.

A.calculated

B.correspondedto

C.listed

D.gave

8、

Accordingtothetext,the“PekWineSteward"is.

A.ametalcone

B.athermoelectriccooler

C.agasinjector

D.awinepreserver

9、

Mr.Luzaichcreatedthesealtopreventthewinefromdeclining

with.

A.neoprene

B.visco-elasticpolymer

C.silicon

D.argon

10、

Mr.Luzaich'sattitudetotheautomaticsealingis.

A.opposition

B.suspicion

C.approval

D.indifference

11>FormanypeopletheNewYorkTimesisthegreatest

newspaperanywhere.Buttherehaslongbeenasmallpoolof

conservativedissentersinitshometown.Forthem,theTimes

isleft-wing,inaccurate,devoidofhumor,and,worstofall,

unopposed(theyneverseemtocounttheWallStreetJournal,

which,tobefair,doesn，twritethatmuchabouttheBigApple).

Nowthesecriticismsarebeingmade,daily,andoftenwittily,

byafleeweb-basedpublication.

Thepublisher,reportingstaffandeditorofsmartertimes.com

isIraStoll,a28-year-oldformermanagingeditorofForward,

aJewishweekly.At6o'clockeverymorninghepicksupacopy

oftheTimesataBrooklynnews-standand,withinfourhours,

unleashesaninvariablyscathingreportonsomethinghethinks

eitherridiculousorwrong.

Categoriesonthewebsiterangefromthepedantic-"NewYork,

lackofbasicfamiliaritywith”(notingunbearablegeographic

errors)and,'Misspellingofnames”(includingthatofthe

Sulzbergerfamily,whichcontrolstheTimes)一toweightier

topicssuchastaxesandimmigration.Mostofthetime,Mr.

Stollisonthelook-outforleft-wingbiasmaskedas

objectivity.Heisparticularlytoughonthecitationof

allegedlyimpartial"experts“inbackuppredictableTimes

conclusions一thatthepooraregettingpoorer,private

educationisbad,welfarereform,hasfailed,publichousing

isvital,andRepublicansandpolicemenareinsensitive,racist

ormentallychallenged.

Occasionally,Mr.StolTspiecesprecede(orperhapscause)a

correction.Hewas,forinstance,thefirsttospotthatthe

TimeshadattackedJohnAshcroft,theconservative

attorney-general,withashortenedandmisleadingquotation

liftedfromanothernewspaper.Moreoftenthesinsareof

leftishomission.Lastweekend'sodetothejoysoftraveling

inCuba,hepointsout,avoided“anymentionofthecountry's

horriblehuman-rightsrecord”.

Likeotherzealots,Mr.Stol1sometimesaskstoomuch.Eventhe

weeklynewspapersoccasionallygetthingswrong;itwouldbe

surprisingifadailyasbigastheTimesneverdid.AndMr.

StolTsbias,thoughovert,cangetalittleboring.Thisweek

henicelyskeweredanabsurdlysolemnTimespieceaboutaplan

inConnecticuttostophighschoolsstartingworkbefore8:30

a.m,becauseteenagersdo"notphysiologicallywakeup”,for

notevenwonderingwhetheritmightbeagoodtilingforthe

littledearstogotobedearlier.ButdidMr.Stollreallyneed

toaddacarpaboutthosetiredteenagershavingsex“withthe

assistanceoftaxpayer-providedfreecontraceptives”?

Allthesame,Mr.Stollseemstohavestruckanerve.Inonly

sevenmonths,withnomarketing,hehasdevelopedasubscriber

listforadailye-mailofalmost2,000people(including,

inevitably,NewtGingrich).AndtheTimesseemstobetaking

somenotice.Threeofitsjournalistshavealreadytakenhim

outforlunch.

NewYorkTimeswasnotcriticizedbytheconservativebecause

ofbeing.

A.extremist

B.humourous

C.unfaithful

D.unopposed

12、

Thecontentofsmartertimes.comincludesallofthefollowing

topicsEXCEPT.

A.taxesandimmigration

B.flagrantgeographicerrors

C.someleg-wingbias

D.Sulzbergerfamilygossip

13、

Theinstanceinthe4thparagraphimpliesMr.StolTspieces

sometimes.

A.aresmart

B.aresharp

C.arefoolish

D.haveforesight

14、

Thefifthparagraphimplies.

A.Mr.Stollisgoingtoofar

B.weeklynewspapersoftenmakemistakes.

C.theteenagersshouldn，tbeprovidedwiththecontraception

D.Mr.StolTsactionbenefitstheteenagers

15、

WhichoneisNOTtrue?

A.Mr.Stollhasachievedgreatsuccessinhiscareer.

B.Mr.Stollhasasteady“readergroup”.

C.TheTimeswilltakemeasurestodealwithMr.Stoll's

behaviour.

D.TheauthordoesnotappreciateMr.Stollverymuch.

16AwritersaidyesterdaythatRichardM.Scrushy,the

formerchiefexecutiveofHealthSouth,paidherthrougha

publicrelationsfirmtoproduceseveralfavorablearticlesfor

anAlabamanewspaperthathereviewedbeforepublicationduring

hisfraudtriallastyear.

ThearticlesappearedinTheBirminghamTimes,ablack-owned

weeklyinBirmingham,Ale.Mr.ScrushywasacquittedinJune

inasix-monthtrialthereonall36countsagainsthim,despite

testimonyfromformerHealthSouthexecutiveswhosaidhe

presidedoverahugeaccountingfraud."Isatinthatcourtroom

forsixmonths,andIdideverythingpossibletoadvocatefor

hiscause”,AudreyLewis,theauthorofthearticles,saidin

atelephoneinterview.Shesaidshereceived$10,000fromMr.

ScrushythroughtheLewisGroup,apublicrelationsfirm,and

another$1,000tohelpbuyacomputer."Scrushypromisedmea

lotmorethanwhatIgot”.Shesaid.

CharlesA.Russell,aspokesmanforMr.Scrushy,saidhewas

notawareofanexplicitagreementfortheLewisGrouptopay

Ms.Lewis.ThepaymentstoMs.LewiswerefirstreportedbyThe

AssociatedPressyesterday."There'snothingthereIthink

Richardwouldhaveanypartof”,Mr.Russellsaid.

Mr.RussellsaidthatMr.Scrushyreviewedthearticlesbefore

theywerepublished."Richardthoughtshewasdoingalittle,

'F.Y.L,here'swhatI'mwriting,Mr.Russellsaid.Ms.Lewis

saidthatMr.Russell,aprominentDenver-basedcrisis

communicationsconsultant,wasalsoinvolvedinprovidingher

withfinancialcompensation.ShesaidMr.Russellwrotehera

$2,500personalcheckattheendofMay2022;Mr.Russellsaid

thatwastrue."Shewaslookingforfreelancecommunity-

relationsworkafterthetrial”,Mr.Russellsaid.

Ms.LewiscameintoMr.Scrushy;sspherethroughBelievers

TempleChurch;sheattendsservicesandworksasan

administratorthere.SheandRev.HermanHenderson,thepastor,

werepartofagroupthatappearedincourtwithMr.Scrushy

andoftenprayedwithhimduringbreaks.Beforeandduringthe

trial,inwhich11ofthe18jurorswereblack.Mr.Scrushy,

whoiswhite,forgedtieswithBirmingham，sAfrican-American

population.Hejoinedapredominantlyblackchurch,andhis

foundationdonatedtoitandotherblackcongregations.

Mr.HendersonalsosaidhereceivedpaymentsfromMr.Scrushy

inexchangeforbuildingsupportforhimamongblacks.Mr.

Scrushysaidinastatementyesterdaythathisfoundation

donatedmoneytoMr.Henderson，schurch,butsaidthepayments

wereunrelatedtohiscase."Myfoundationdonatedtohischurch

buildingfundandtoaKatrinareliefeffortthathischurch

sponsored'7,Mr.Scrushysaid."That'sit.Period”.

Ms.Lewis,31,saidshewasdisclosingdetailsaboutthe

financialarrangementbecauseMr.Scrushystillowesherand

Mr.Hendersonasignificantamountofmoney.Ms.Lewisprovided

copiesofaretaineragreementthatMr.Scrushysignedlast

AprilwiththeLewisGroup,apublicrelationsfirmcontrolled

byJesseJ.LewisSr.,82,thefounderofTheBirminghamTimes,

andacheckissuedtoherinMayfromtheLewisGroup.(Ms.Lewis

andMr.Lewisarenotrelated).

Theword"acquitted”(Para.2)probablymeans.

A.discharged

B.arrested

C.quitted

D.punished

17、

Mt.RussellsaidRichardhadnothingtodowiththeagreement

mentionedbecause.

A.Richarddidn'twanttopaymoneyheowedMs.Lewis

B.thismayaffectthetrial

C.thismayrainRichard,sreputation

D.heknewthatwasthefact

18、

Mr.Scrushymadedonationstotheblackgroupsprobably

because.

A.hehadcloserelationswithBirmingham，sAfrican-American

population

B.hewantedthechurchtosetupmorebuildings

C.hewasverybenevolent

D.hewantedtogetsupportfromtheblacksinhistrial

19、

Thelastparagraphimpliesthat.

A.Mr.Scrushytoldalie

B.Ms.LewiswillgetthemoneyMr.Scrushyowesher

C.theLewisGroupmaybeago-between

D.Mr.Scrushywillbeinvolvedinthetrialagain

20、

Fromthetextwecanconcludethattheauthor.

A.issupportiveofMr.Scrushy

B.favorsMs.Lewis'sside

C.takesadetachedattitude

D.issympathetic

21、PartB(10points)

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.For

Questions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizethese

paragraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelist

A-G.Someoftheparagraphshavebeenplacedforyou.(10points)

A.Thenextlogicalstepistoautomatethephysicalprocess

ofcuttingthediamond,andDrHoldenseemstohavefoundthe

idealpartner.HeistalkingtoCalibratedDiamonds,acompany

basedinJohannesburg,SouthAfrica,aboutcombininghis

optimizationtechniqueswithanadvancedlaser-cuttingsystem.

Traditionally,diamondsarecutandpolishedusingother

diamonds.Butinrecentyears,lasershavebeenintroducedto

makeroughcutsandmcarry,out“bruiting”,thebeveling

processusedtogivediamondstheircharacteristicsharp-edged

shapes.JohnBond,thefounderofCalibratedDiamonds,sayshis

laser-cuttingmethodcanmakemuchmoreprecisecutsandcan

evenpolishdiamonds,thoughheisreluctanttoexplainhowit

works.Hebelievesthatcombininghislaser-cuttingwithDr

Holden，ssoftware,andautomatingthewholeprocess,couldboth

reducewastedramaticallyandcuttheturnaroundtimefrom

monthstodays.''Currently,peoplearelosingupto70%ofthe

diamond”,hesays.

B.Forover600yearslapidarists,orstone-cutters,havebeen

usingessentiallythesametechniquestocutdiamondsand

determinetheirvalue,saysDrHolden.Thereisagreatneed

forautomation,hesays一asentimentechoedwithintheindustry.

TheGemologicalInstituteofAmerica,forexample,isdevising

softwaretoenableretailersandconsumerstocomparediamonds

ofdifferentcutsbygradingthecutautomatically.

C.Inactualuse,thesystemisfedmodelsofgemstones,which

areproducedbyscanningthestonesusingadesktopX-ray

tomographymachine.Whenastoneisidentifiedasaborderline

casebetweentwogrades,thesystemusesanoptimization

technique,calledageneticalgorithm,toexplorethedifferent

waysinwhichthestonecouldbecuttomaximizeitsvalue.

Sometimesbiggerisnotnecessarilybetter:removing

Imperfections,knownasinclusions,mayreducethesizeand

cartageofastone,butcouldalsoelevateittoamorevaluable

grade.TestsofiGemshowedthatitcouldincreasethevalue

ofaroughstonebyasmuchas23%.

D.Evenasmallimprovementcanyieldasignificantincrease

invalue,saysDrHolden,whospecializesinapplying

technologytoimprovedecision-makinginbusiness.Together

WithhiscolleagueMateeSerearuno,hehasdevelopedan

optimizationsystemcallediGem.Besidesautomaticallyworking

outthegradeofaroughdiamond,italsosuggestshowbestto

catitinordertomaximizethevalueoftheresultingstones.

E.Mr.Bondhopesthatthiscombinationoftechnologieswill

helphishomecontinenttobenefitmorefromitsnaturalwealth.

Morethan60%oftheworld'sroughdiamondscomefromAfrica,

hesays,butalackofexpertiseandrelativelyhighlabour

costsmeansthatthestonesareusuallyshippedoverseas,to

countriessuchasIndia,forassessmentandcutting.Hehopes

tohavehisfirstfactoryupandrunninglaterthisyear.

F.Thesystemusesasetofroles,distilledfromthejudgments

offourdiamondexperts,mdeterminetheclarity,andhencethe

grade,ofeachstone.Eachexpertwasaskedtoclassify503

different“virtualstones”—computermodelsofstones

containingdifferentWivesofflaws.Theexperts，verdictswere

thenboileddownintoasetofrules,sothatwhenanewgemstone

ispresentedtothesystem,itcandeterminehowtheexperts

wouldprobablyhavegradedit.Datafrommoreexpertscouldhave

beenused,butfourprovedtobeenoughtoproducearobustand

accuratesystem,saysDrHolden.

G.Whileadiamondmaybeforever,itsvalueisfarfromset

instone.ItdependsonthefourCs:carat,cut,colorand

clarity.Butwhilethefirstthreecanbem