Unit5WORKINGTHELAND

Period2DiscoveringUsefulStructures

句子類型簡單句并列句復合句主句形容詞性從句(定語從句)名詞性從句副詞性從句(狀語從句)主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句從句Definitionandtypes:復合句與簡單句：復合句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句thepeople.

surprisedThat主語位置謂語或系動詞之前作用在復合句中充當主語1、主語從句的定義主語從句就是在復合句中作_________的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語動詞之前或由形式主語it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。主語2、主語從句的引導詞類別例詞說明從屬連詞that，whether,if兩者在從句中均不作成分，只起連接作用；that無實義，whether表示“是否”。連接代詞Who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whose,whichever,whom等.在從句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語等成分。連接副詞When,where,how,why,wherever,whenever等.在從句中作時間、地點、方式、原因狀語等成分。theboydidn’tknowtheanswermadetheteacherangry.maketheteacherangrydidn’tknowtheanswerThat

從屬連詞That不做成分，沒有意義，不能省略。retiretoalifeofleisureremaintobeseenHecanretiretoalifeofleisure

remainstobeseen.Whether

從屬連詞whether不做成分,但有意義，表“是否”Thathewillpasstheexamiscertain.Whetherhewillpasstheexamisuncertain.that_______成分，____意義，______省略。whether_____成分，____意義，譯為_____。結論：不做是否無不能不做有從屬連詞that/whether whether,if引導的主語從句Whetheryoucansucceedornotdependsonhowhardyouworkatit.Itisunknownwhether/ifhehasagreedonmyplan.whether引導的主語從句可前可后，而if引導的只能放后面，且用形式主語it。二者只起連接作用，在從句中不作成分。【練一練】1._________shelefthimmadehimheart-broken.2._________heisstillaliveisapieceofgoodnewstous.3._________hewillcomeornotisnotknownyet.ThatThat從屬連詞（不做成分）that,whetherWhetherattainsuccessunknownHeattainedsuccess

isunknown.How連接副詞做（狀語），譯為怎樣，不能省略。連接副詞（作狀語）when,where,how,whybombwillexplodeworrythemanthebombwillexplode

worriestheman.When連接副詞做（狀語），譯為何時，不能省略。Whenthebombwillexplode

worriestheman.Wheresheisfrom

isunknown.Whyhewaslateisnotimportantnow.Howhe

attainedsuccess

isunknown.when在主語從句中充當_______,譯為______。where在主語從句中充當_______,譯為______。why在主語從句中充當_______,譯為_______。how在主語從句中充當_______,譯為_______。結論：狀語何時狀語何地狀語為什么狀語怎樣連接副詞（作狀語）thecatdomade

Whatthecatdid

madethebabycry.cry連接代詞做（主語、賓語、表語），譯為“東西”，不能省略。連接代詞what(ever),who(ever),which(ever),whom(ever)..convincehimtochangehismindarousemycuriositywouldconvincehimtochangehismind

arousedmycuriostity.Who連接代詞做（主語、賓語、表語），譯為誰，不能省略。digestwhattheteachersteachgethigherscorescandigestwhattheteachersteach

islikelytogethigherscores.Whoever連接代詞做（主語、賓語、表語），譯為無論誰，不能省略。Whowilltakepartinthemeetinghasnotbeendecided.Whatshesaidistrue.WhichbookIshallchoosehasn’tbeendecided.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.who在主語從句中充當______,譯為______。what在主語從句中充當______,譯為______。which在主語從句中充當______,譯為______。whoever在主語從句中充當______,譯為______。結論：主語誰賓語東西定語哪一主語無論誰1)_____yousaidyesterdayisright.2)_____sheisstillaliveisexciting.3)_____helostthebikeworriedhimalot.4)__helostyesterdayishisbike.

WhatThatThatwhat

與that在引導主語從句時的區別what在從句中充當句子成分，如主語、賓語、表語，而that則不然。

What功能連接詞不作成分that,whether作主、賓、表、what,who,whom,wh+ever作定語which,whose,作狀語when,where,why,howUsageoftheConjunctions缺什么補什么學法指導依據“缺什么補什么”原則確定正確的連詞。所謂“缺什么補什么”是指從句與連詞之間的關系。如果句子中缺主語，指人用who，指物用what。如缺賓語，指人用whom，指物用what。如缺時間狀語用when；地點狀語用where。

原因狀語用why；方式狀語用how。如缺定語用whose或which。如什么都不缺用that，whether表“是否”。探尋規律1：

主語從句

主謂一致

問題1.Whetherthepatientwillbetaken

______unknown.2.Whenandwherethepatientwillbetaken_____unknown.3.Whenthetaskcanbefinishedandwhetherhecanhavearest________unknown.4.Whathewantsmost_________stayingwithhisfamily.

Whattheyneed_______masks(口罩).主句的謂語動詞，大多數使用_______(單數？復數？)由兩個連接詞引導同一個主從，謂動使用____(單數？復數？)主語為and連接的兩個主從時，謂動使用____(單數？復數？)what在主從中做賓語時，謂動由______決定單復數(主語？表語？)單數單數復數表語isisareis

are主語從句應使用_________語序。1.Wherewewillhaveapicnicshouldbediscussed.

Wherewillwehaveapicnicshouldbediscussed.2.Howwegoforapicnicshouldbediscussed.

Howdowegoforapicnicshouldbediscussed.Rule3陳述句√√××探尋規律2：

主語從句的語序Thatallcountriesworktogetherisimportant.

探尋規律3：

主語從句太長怎么辦？用一個

It

來解決問題！

Itisimportantthatallcountriesworktogether.

It＋be＋形容詞/名詞短語/過去分詞/不及物動詞＋that從句Itiscertainthat

themedicinewillnotbringaboutsideeffect,becausethousandofpatientshavetakenit.形容詞(necessary/likely/important/certain等名詞(短語)(apity/ashame/nowonder等)Itisapitythatyoumissedsuchagoodchance.It’ssaidthat

hehasgonetoShanghai.過去分詞(said/told/reported等)Itappearsthatheisworryingaboutsomething不及物動詞(seem,appear,happen,matter等)1)Itis/系動詞+adj.+從句常見的形容詞有：

Itispossiblethat...可能……

Itis(un)likelythat...不可能……Itisobviousthat…很明顯…

Itis

necessary/essential/...that…_________________(可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow._______________(很明顯)thismeasureiseffective.+(should)+do…ItispossiblethatItisobviousthat2)Itis/系動詞+n.+從句

Itisapity/shamethat...遺憾的是……

Itisasurprisethat…令人驚奇的是…

_______________(很遺憾)welostthematch.______________(這是事實)hecheatedintheexam.ItisapitythatItisafactthat3)It+be+過去分詞+從句Itissaid/told/heardthat...據說……

Itiswellknowntoall...眾所周知……Itisreported/announced...據報道……Itisestimated...據估計……

*_________________(據報道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*Itisreportedthat+陳述語氣從句注：Itissuggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required..that..…+(should)doItissuggestedthatyou_____________(spend)moretimeinstudyingEnglish.(should)spend4)It+不及物動詞+從句

Ithappenedthat...碰巧……

Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起…

Itseems/appearsthat...看起來...*________________(剛好)Icameintotheofficeatthattime.*____________________(我突然想起)Iforgettosendtheletter.IthappenedthatItoccurredtomethatⅠ.單句填空1.

isstrangethatthemanshouldhavestucktohissillyideas.2.Itisapity

wewon'tbeabletogotothesouthtospendoursummervacation.3.

causedtheaccidentisstillamystery.4.

issaidthathehasgonetoShanghai.(=HeissaidtohavegonetoShanghai.)5.Itisknowntoall

gunpowderwasfirstinventedbytheChinese.ItthatWhatItthat巧記主語從句整句作主語，其后單謂語莫忘加連詞，that不略但無義“是否”置前用whether,其他應用靠翻譯主語從句可后置，只需形式主語it把它替定義主語從句引導詞形式主語主謂一致總結

作用，位置

從屬連詞，連接代詞，連接副詞

單個主語從句-單數多個主語從句-復數

It＋be＋形容詞/名詞短語/過去分詞/不及物動詞＋that從句語序

陳述語序tacklethesituationdependonhisabilityHecantacklethesituation

dependsonhisability.ThatWhether

從屬連詞whether不做成分,但有意義，表“是否”theboydidn’tknowtheanswermadetheteacherangry.maketheteacherangrydidn’tknowtheanswer

從屬連詞Thatdevote...to...movepeopletotearsYuandevotedallhislifetodevelopinghybridrice

movedallpeoplearoundtheworldtotears.That

從屬連詞That不做成分，沒有意義，不能省略。Ⅲ.ConsolidationLevelA單句語法填空1._Whoever_hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthyofbeingpraised.2.Itisstronglyrecommended_that_Isetmorepracticalandspecificgoals.3.It_isacknowledged__(acknowledge)thatstudentsshouldbeevaluatedintermsofoverallquality.4._Whether_shecomesornotmakesnodifference.5.__That_Ifinisheddoingthehomeworkinsuchashorttimesurprisedthemall.6.JustlikesomeEuropeanscelebrateSpringFestivalnowadays,it'sno

wonder__that_ChinesecelebrateChristmas.7.__Who_

willbethechampionshipoftheninthseasonofthe"VoiceofChina"hasnotbeendecided.8._What_developingcountriesreallyneedtodoistostoppovertybyremovingthecausesofit.9.__When_wearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.10.__It__isashame_that____shewasn'theretoseeit.11.__It__isimportant_that__weshouldtakecareoftheoldinourcountry.12._What_shecouldn'tunderstandwas_why____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.13.Iguess__what___impressesmemostabouthispaintingisthecolorsheuses.14.__How___thishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.15.___Whom___theyworkforisatopicofgreatimportance.16.__What___struckmemostinthemoviewasthefather’sdeeploveforhisson.17.__Whoever_breaksthelawshouldbepunished.18.Itseemedincredible__that___shehadbeenthereaweekalready.19.__What_worriesusmostisthatthenumberofthekidsdominatedbycomputerisgrowingfast.20._That__Mikedidn’tturnupatthemeetingyesterdaymadethechairmanunhappy.21._Which