高級(jí)中學(xué)精品試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省A9協(xié)作體2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題第一部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)：(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AHaveyoueverwishedyoucouldspeakaforeignlanguagewithouttakingtheclasses?Haveyoueverhadtroublewhiletravellingabroadbecauseofthelanguagebarrier?MeetMUAMAEnence—aJapanesehigh-techinventionthatallowsyoutocommunicateinmorethan40languages,withoutwastingyourtimeandmoneyforboringlanguageclasses.Whenyoucommunicatewithanotherpersonnomatterwhatlanguageheorshespeaks,thistinybutgeniusdeviceinstantlyrecordsandtranslatesover40languages.Youcanuseitwhentravelling,forbusinessmeetingsorwheneveryouwishtosaysomethinginadifferentlanguage.HowDoesItWork?Althoughitisarmedwiththelatesttechnology,usingthedeviceissupereasy.Allyouneedtodoistochoosethelanguageinwhichyouwanttocommunicateandrecordyourwordsorsentences.YoucanevenrecordreallylongsentencesandEnencewilltranslateeverythingperfectly!WhyIsMUAMAEnenceSoPopular?Thisgeniusdeviceallowsyoutostartcommunicating(YES,speaking!)withalmosteverypersonintheworld.Thistechnologywasneverbeforeavailabletothepublic.Foralimitedtimeonlythisdeviceisavailableforaheavilyreducedpriceof$89(previously$189).OurConclusion—BuyItWhileIt’sStillAvailableThelowcostandhighqualityEnencetranslatorischangingtheworld.Theproducthasbeensellinglikecrazy,butthestockwon’tlastlongasthesuppliesarelimited.WerecommendorderingMUAMAEnenceTranslatorwhileitisstillavailable.Clickheretocheckavailabilitynow!1.WhatisMUAMAEnence?A.Itisanorganizationaimedatbreakingthelanguagebarrierintheworld.B.Itisadevicewithhigh-techtopromoteeasiercommunicationwithforeigners.C.Itisanappenablingpeopletomastervariousforeignlanguagesinashorttime.D.Itisatechnologyappliedtotravellingabroadandbusinessmeetingsfreeofcharge.2.HowmuchshouldyoupayfortwosetsofMUAMAEnencenow?A.$178. B.$200. C.$278. D.$378.3.Wherecanyoufindthepassage?A.Inanewspaper. B.OntheInternet. C.Inamagazine. D.Inaguidebook.〖答案〗1.B2.A3.B〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹的是日本的一項(xiàng)高科技發(fā)明MUAMAEnence，它可以翻譯40多種語(yǔ)言。〖1題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“MeetMUAMAEnence—aJapanesehigh-techinventionthatallowsyoutocommunicateinmorethan40languages,withoutwastingyourtimeandmoneyforboringlanguageclasses.Whenyoucommunicatewithanotherpersonnomatterwhatlanguageheorshespeaks,thistinybutgeniusdeviceinstantlyrecordsandtranslatesover40languages.(看看MUAMAEnence——日本的一項(xiàng)高科技發(fā)明，它可以讓你用40多種語(yǔ)言交流，而不用浪費(fèi)時(shí)間和金錢(qián)去上無(wú)聊的語(yǔ)言課。當(dāng)你與他人交流時(shí)，無(wú)論他或她說(shuō)什么語(yǔ)言，這個(gè)小巧但天才的設(shè)備都會(huì)立即記錄并翻譯40多種語(yǔ)言。)”可知，MUAMAEnence是一種高科技設(shè)備，可以讓你用40多種語(yǔ)言交流，由此可知，它是可以促使與外國(guó)人交流變得更加容易的一種高科技設(shè)備。故選B。〖2題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhyIsMUAMAEnenceSoPopular?部分的“Foralimitedtimeonlythisdeviceisavailableforaheavilyreducedpriceof$89(previously$189).(在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)，這款設(shè)備的價(jià)格大幅降低至89美元（之前為189美元）。)”可知，現(xiàn)在買(mǎi)兩套MUAMAEnence需要花的錢(qián)是$89*2=$178，故選A。〖3題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Clickheretocheckavailabilitynow!(現(xiàn)在點(diǎn)擊這里查看出售情況！)”可知，本文是網(wǎng)上的文章，故選B。B“Youshouldgetacat,”mydoctorsaid.“Acat?”Icouldn’tevenlookaftermyself!Itookadeepbreathandcarefullyconsideredtheideaofwelcomingafeline(貓科的)friendintomylife.Adoptingananimalduringtheheightofthepandemicwasfarfromeasy.WhenmypartnerandIfoundCinnamon,heradoptioninformationmadeheroutastheperfectkitten.Wefilledoutthepaperworkandhadafewweekstoprepareforherarrival.Whenshecamehome,itbecameincreasinglyobviousthatCinnamondidn’tunderstand“no”,“stopit”or“don’tdothat”.ShewastheworstcatI’veeverowned.Iwasbeginningtodoubtmydoctor’sadvice.Wedecidedtostarttakingherforwalks.Icouldhardlyleavethehousebefore,butmyheartcouldn’tsaynotoCinnamon.Cinnamonshowedmewhatbraverylookedlike.Iftherewasadogatapark,shewouldruntowardit.Shejumpedwithoutknowingwhereshewouldland.Shelovedadventure.Ifoundmyselfmirroringherbehaviorafterawhile,jumpingoutofbedwithoutasecondthought.Ibegantofindthemotivationtogetoutofbedinthemorning.Cinnamonunfortunatelypassedawayafteramedicalaccident,leavingacat-sizedholeinmyheartthedaysheleftusatonlysixmonthsold.I’mnostrangertosadnessorgrief,butlosingmypetsosuddenlywasthemostconfusingemotionalexperienceI’veeverhad.Shewassupposedtohelpmethroughmoreofmylifethanthethreeshortmonthswehadher.Shenolongerwakesmeupat5a.m.beggingforbreakfast,butsheisstillthereasonIgetupeverymorning.Ourtimeisoftencutunpredictably,unmistakablyshort.Itwouldbeashametolivelifebeinganythinglessthanbraveandadventurous.4.Howdidtheauthorfeeloriginallywhenadvisedtoadoptacat?A.Thrilled. B.Ashamed. C.Shocked. D.Relieved.5.Whydidtheauthordoubtthedoctor’sadviceinthebeginning?A.Becausetheauthorwastooilltolookafterthecat.B.Becausethepandemicmadeitimpossibletokeepacatathome.C.Becausetheauthor’sfamilydidn’tapproveoftheplan.D.Becauseraisingthecatwaschallengingfortheauthor.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthecatCinnamon?A.Stupidbutadorable. B.Naughtyandadventurous.C.Inactivebutcourageous. D.Fierceandaggressive.7.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Friendshipwithpetsisshort. B.Theshortlifeispredictable.C.Thelossofapetispainful. D.Thecouragetotakerisksisbeneficial.〖答案〗4.C5.D6.B7.D〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述作者接受醫(yī)生的建議，養(yǎng)了一只貓，感受到了貓帶來(lái)的積極影響，并了解到人們應(yīng)該擁有冒險(xiǎn)的勇氣。〖4題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Icouldn’tevenlookaftermyself!Itookadeepbreathandcarefullyconsideredtheideaofwelcomingafeline(貓科的)friendintomylife.(我甚至不能照顧自己！我深吸了一口氣，仔細(xì)考慮是否要讓一只貓朋友進(jìn)入我的生活)”可知，作者認(rèn)為甚至都照顧不好自己，所以聽(tīng)到醫(yī)生建議自己養(yǎng)貓時(shí)感到很震驚，故選C。〖5題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Whenshecamehome,itbecameincreasinglyobviousthatCinnamondidn’tunderstand‘no’,‘stopit’or‘don’tdothat’.ShewastheworstcatI’veeverowned.Iwasbeginningtodoubtmydoctor’sadvice.(當(dāng)她回到家時(shí)，越來(lái)越明顯的是，Cinnamon不懂‘不’、‘住手’或‘不要那樣做’。她是我養(yǎng)過(guò)的最糟糕的貓。我開(kāi)始懷疑醫(yī)生的建議了)”可知，Cinnamon不懂指令，作者認(rèn)為她是作者養(yǎng)過(guò)的最糟糕的貓，即養(yǎng)貓對(duì)作者來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，因此作者開(kāi)始懷疑醫(yī)生的建議。故選D。〖6題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Cinnamonshowedmewhatbraverylookedlike.Iftherewasadogatapark,shewouldruntowardit.Shejumpedwithoutknowingwhereshewouldland.Shelovedadventure.(Cinnamon讓我見(jiàn)識(shí)了什么是勇敢。如果公園里有只狗，她就會(huì)跑過(guò)去。她在不知道會(huì)落在哪里的情況下也會(huì)跳下去。她喜歡冒險(xiǎn))”可推斷，Cinnamon很頑皮并且喜歡冒險(xiǎn)。故選B。〖7題詳析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itwouldbeashametolivelifebeinganythinglessthanbraveandadventurous.(如果生活中沒(méi)有勇氣和冒險(xiǎn)精神，那將是一種遺憾)”以及文章內(nèi)容可推斷，本文主要告訴讀者冒險(xiǎn)的勇氣是有益的。故選D。CYoumightseelonelinessassomeone(usuallyanoldperson)sitsalone,staringintothedistanceoroutofawindow.Suchimagesaredeceptive.Researchershaveactuallyfoundthatthosewhoreportexperiencinglonelinessthemostareyoungpeople,andsuchimagesofsolitude(孤獨(dú))don’tmatchtheexperienceoflonelinessduringyouth.Thoseyearsaretypicallyspentsurroundedbyotherpeople,atschooloratwork.Lonelinessduringyouthcanbedefinedasanegativefeelingaboutadifferencebetweentherelationshipswehaveandthosewewant.Thismeanswemightfeellonelyinthecompanyofothersifwedon’tfeeltheyunderstandusorsharecommoninterestswithus.Althoughlonelinessisoftenadifficultexperience,itcanhelpustoreconnectandtorethinkourrelationshipssothatwecanbuild(orseekout)theonesthatmeanthemosttous.Therearecertainfeaturesofyouththattendtogiverisetoloneliness.Inyouth,ourfriendshipsareincreasinglyimportantinprovidinguswithemotionalsupport.Researchshowsthatyoungpeoplehavehigherexpectationsoftheirfriendshipsthanadultsdo;theyshowapreferenceforlargerfriendgroups,morecompanionshipandhigherfrequencyofcontactwithfriends.Whenweconsiderthatlonelinessservesthefunctionofkeepingussafewithinoursocialworld,itmakessensethatthefeelinglikewedonot“fitin”,assomanyyoungpeoplefeel,givesrisetoloneliness.Anotherreasonisourdevelopingsenseofself-discoveringwhoweare.Thatoftenmeanschangestovaluesorbeliefs.Itcanbechallengingwhenyourfriendsaregoingthroughthesameprocess,butmightnotfollowthesamepathasyou.Youngpeopleoftenreportfeelinglonelyatschool,whilehomeisacomfortablespace.Butwhentherearedifficultiesathome—suchasargumentsortensionwithfamilymembersandthedepartureofsupportivefamilymembers—thesecanmakethefeelingoflonelinessworse.Ifyoufindyourselffeelinglonelyanditseemslikenothingishelping,donotgiveuphope.Itislikelythatyouhavenotyetfoundthestrategythatworksforyou.Herearesomepracticalstepsyoucantry,startingwithwhatyoucandoonyourownandmovingontowaystoconnectwithothers.8.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“deceptive”inparagraph1?A.irrelevant B.disgraceful C.misleading D.unfortunate9.Whatdoeslonelinessofyoungpeopleusuallyreferto?A.Nothavingapreferencefordealingwithtoughthingsalone.B.Nothavingfriendsorfamilyforcompanywhenintrouble.C.Nothavinginterestinothers’schoollifewithinthesocialworld.D.Nothavingpositiveattitudetothepresentrelationshipswithothers.10.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasthereasonofyoungpeople’sloneliness?A.Discoveryofself-identity. B.Desireformorefriends.C.Difficultiesathome. D.Unfamiliarenvironments.11.Whatwillthetextprobablytalkaboutnext?A.Suggestionsonhowtobeatloneliness.B.Morereasonsthatcausethefeelingofloneliness.C.Strategiestodealwiththeargumentsortensioninfamily.D.Waystofacethedepartureofsupportivefamilymembers.〖答案〗8.C9.D10.D11.A〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是什么是青年時(shí)期的孤獨(dú)及導(dǎo)致它的原因。〖8題詳析〗詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段的“Researchershaveactuallyfoundthatthosewhoreportexperiencinglonelinessthemostareyoungpeople,andsuchimagesofsolitude(孤獨(dú))don’tmatchtheexperienceoflonelinessduringyouth.Thoseyearsaretypicallyspentsurroundedbyotherpeople,atschooloratwork.(研究人員實(shí)際上發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些報(bào)告孤獨(dú)感最多的人是年輕人，而這種孤獨(dú)的形象與青年時(shí)期的孤獨(dú)感并不相符。那些年通常是在學(xué)校或工作中被其他人包圍的)”可知，第一段開(kāi)頭所描繪的“Youmightseelonelinessassomeone(usuallyanoldperson)sitsalone,staringintothedistanceoroutofawindow.(當(dāng)一個(gè)人（通常是老人）獨(dú)自坐著，凝視遠(yuǎn)方或窗外時(shí)，你可能會(huì)看到孤獨(dú))”的畫(huà)面是假的，是有欺騙性的，因此deceptive的意思是“有欺騙性的，具有誤導(dǎo)性的”，和misleading意思相近，故選C。〖9題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Lonelinessduringyouthcanbedefinedasanegativefeelingaboutadifferencebetweentherelationshipswehaveandthosewewant.Thismeanswemightfeellonelyinthecompanyofothersifwedon’tfeeltheyunderstandusorsharecommoninterestswithus.(青年時(shí)期的孤獨(dú)可以被定義為一種對(duì)我們現(xiàn)有的關(guān)系和我們想要的關(guān)系之間的差異的消極感覺(jué)。這意味著如果我們覺(jué)得別人不理解我們或與我們有共同的興趣，我們可能會(huì)感到孤獨(dú))”可知，年輕人的孤獨(dú)通常指的是對(duì)目前與他人的關(guān)系沒(méi)有積極的態(tài)度。故選D。〖10題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Researchshowsthatyoungpeoplehavehigherexpectationsoftheirfriendshipsthanadultsdo;theyshowapreferenceforlargerfriendgroups,morecompanionshipandhigherfrequencyofcontactwithfriends.Whenweconsiderthatlonelinessservesthefunctionofkeepingussafewithinoursocialworld,itmakessensethatthefeelinglikewedonot“fitin”,assomanyyoungpeoplefeel,givesrisetoloneliness.(研究表明，年輕人對(duì)友誼的期望高于成年人；他們傾向于更大的朋友群體，更多的陪伴和更高頻率的與朋友聯(lián)系。雖然我們認(rèn)為孤獨(dú)在我們的社會(huì)世界中起著保證我們安全的作用，但不“融入”的感覺(jué)導(dǎo)致孤獨(dú)是有道理，正如許多年輕人所感受到的那樣)”，“Anotherreasonisourdevelopingsenseofself-discoveringwhoweare.(另一個(gè)原因是我們不斷發(fā)展的自我發(fā)現(xiàn)意識(shí))”和“Butwhentherearedifficultiesathome—suchasargumentsortensionwithfamilymembersandthedepartureofsupportivefamilymembers—thesecanmakethefeelingoflonelinessworse.(但是，當(dāng)家里出現(xiàn)困難時(shí)——比如與家庭成員的爭(zhēng)吵或緊張關(guān)系，以及支持你的家庭成員的離開(kāi)——這些都會(huì)使孤獨(dú)感惡化)”可知，年輕人孤獨(dú)的原因包括自我認(rèn)同的發(fā)現(xiàn)，渴望更多的朋友和家里的困難。D選項(xiàng)“不熟悉的環(huán)境”文章沒(méi)有提到，故選D。〖11題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Herearesomepracticalstepsyoucantry,startingwithwhatyoucandoonyourownandmovingontowaystoconnectwithothers.(這里有一些你可以嘗試的實(shí)際步驟，從你自己能做的開(kāi)始，然后再到與他人聯(lián)系的方法)”推知，接下來(lái)可能會(huì)講戰(zhàn)勝孤獨(dú)的建議，故選A。DAboutone-thirdofadultsgloballyhavehighbloodpressure,whichincreasestheriskofhavingaheartattackorstroke(中風(fēng)).Physicalactivityisknowntolowerbloodpressure.However,manypeoplehavetroublekeepingtoexerciseplans.Yogatendstobemoresustainable(可持續(xù)的)thanotherformsofexercisebecauseitisgentle,canbedonewithothersandhelpstorelaxthemind.Severalexperimentshavefoundthatyogalowersbloodpressure.However,theseexperimentshavetypicallyinvolvedseveralsessionsaweek,whichmaynotbeachievableformanypeople.Tofindoutifyogahelpstoreducebloodpressureintherealworld,someresearchersconductedanewstudyandanalyzedtheelectronichealthrecordsof1,355peopleaged18to79whopracticedyogaatleastonceaweek.Theycomparedeachofthesepeoplewithatleastthreeotherindividuals.Theyhadsimilarcharacteristicsintermsofthingslikeage,gender,andbodymassindex(BMI),buthadnomentionofpracticingyogaintheirrecords.Onaverage,thepeoplewhopracticedyogahadsystolicbloodpressure(收縮壓)thatwas2.8mmHgloweranddiastolicbloodpressure(舒張壓)thatwas1.5mmHglowerthanthosewhodidn’t.Thisbloodpressurereductionprobablywouldn’tmakeahugedifferencetomostpeopleinthestudy,sincetheytendedtobeyoungandhealthy.Theyalreadyhadnormalbloodpressure.Butatapopulationlevel,ifaveragebloodpressuredeclinedbythismuch,itwouldpreventasignificantnumberofheartattacksandstrokes.Forexample,a2018studyfoundthatapopulation-wideaveragesystolicbloodpressurereductionof2mmHgamongmiddle-agedadultsintheUSwouldpreventmorethan12,000heartattacksand7,000strokeseachyear.Basedonthenewstudy,wecan’tsayforsurethatyogalowersbloodpressure,becausetheremaybeotherexplanationsforthefindings.Peoplewhodoyogamayhavelowerbloodpressurebecausetheytendtohavebetterdiets,notbecauseoftheyogaitself.Andyogashouldn’tbeseenasthereplacementforbloodpressureloweringmedicines.Nevertheless,yogaislikelytoassistinloweringbloodpressureifitencouragessedentary(久坐的)peopletoexercise.“Thegreatestbenefitisgettingtheexercise-shytodosomethingratherthanincreasingexerciseinsomeonewhodoesitregularly,”anexpertsays.12.Whichadvantagedoesyogahaveoverotherkindsofexercise?A.Itiseasierforbeginnerstolearn. B.Itismoreeffectiveinkeepingfit.C.Peoplearemorelikelytosticktoit. D.Peoplecanfindpartnersmoreeasily.13.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthenewstudy?A.Thestudytooktherelevantfactorsinrealityintoconsideration.B.Alltheseparticipantswereofthesameageandgender.C.Thestudyanalyzeddifferentkindsofexercise.D.Theresearchersstudiedtheparticipants’dailyroutine.14.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytheexampleinparagraph4?A.Theresultsarefarfromsatisfactory.B.Loweringbloodpressureisquiteeasy.C.Bloodpressurereductionisbeneficial.D.Doingyogaonceaweekismeaningful.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Otherreasonshavebeenfoundtoexplainthebloodpressurereductionforcertain.B.Encouraginginactivepeopletodoyogapossiblycontributestoloweringbloodpressure.C.Havingbetterdietsismoreimportantthanpracticingyogaregularlyforsedentarypeople.D.Thebenefitsofpracticingyogaareequaltotakingbloodpressureloweringmedicines.〖答案〗12.C13.A14.C15.B〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)研究表明練習(xí)瑜伽可能有助于降低血壓，從而有可能減少心臟病和中風(fēng)的危險(xiǎn)。〖12題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Yogatendstobemoresustainable(可持續(xù)的)thanotherformsofexercisebecauseitisgentle,canbedonewithothersandhelpstorelaxthemind.Severalexperimentshavefoundthatyogalowersbloodpressure.(瑜伽往往比其他形式的運(yùn)動(dòng)更可持續(xù)，因?yàn)樗菧睾偷模梢院蛣e人一起做，有助于放松思想。一些實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，瑜伽可以降低血壓)”可知，瑜伽比其它形式的鍛煉更容易堅(jiān)持因?yàn)樗菧睾偷模梢院蛣e人一起做，有助于放松思想。故選C。〖13題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容“Tofindoutifyogahelpstoreducebloodpressureintherealworld,someresearchersconductedanewstudyandanalysedtheelectronichealthrecordsof1,355peopleaged18to79whopractisedyogaatleastonceaweek.Theycomparedeachofthesepeoplewithatleastthreeotherindividuals.Theyhadsimilarcharacteristicsintermsofthingslikeage,gender,andbodymassindex(BMI),buthadnomentionofpractisingyogaintheirrecords.Onaverage,thepeoplewhopractisedyogahadsystolicbloodpressure(收縮壓)thatwas2.8mmHgloweranddiastolicbloodpressure(舒張壓)thatwas1.5mmHglowerthanthosewhodidn’t.(為了找出瑜伽在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中是否有助于降低血壓，一些研究人員進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)新的研究，分析了1355名年齡在18歲至79歲之間、每周至少練習(xí)一次瑜伽的人的電子健康記錄。他們將這些人中的每一個(gè)人與至少另外三個(gè)人進(jìn)行了比較。他們?cè)谀挲g、性別和身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI)等方面具有相似的特征，但在他們的記錄中沒(méi)有提到練習(xí)瑜伽。平均而言，練習(xí)瑜伽的人的收縮壓比不練習(xí)瑜伽的人低2.8毫米汞柱，舒張壓比不練習(xí)瑜伽的人低1.5毫米汞柱)”可知，這項(xiàng)研究分析了不同年齡，性別和身體指數(shù)的人。由此推知，研究考慮了現(xiàn)實(shí)中的相關(guān)因素。故選A。〖14題詳析〗推理判斷題。倒數(shù)第二段的“Thisbloodpressurereductionprobablywouldn’tmakeahugedifferencetomostpeopleinthestudy,sincetheytendedtobeyoungandhealthy.Theyalreadyhadnormalbloodpressure.Butatapopulationlevel,ifaveragebloodpressuredeclinedbythismuch,itwouldpreventasignificantnumberofheartattacksandstrokes.(這種血壓降低對(duì)研究中的大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)可能不會(huì)有太大的影響，因?yàn)樗麄兺悄贻p健康的。他們的血壓已經(jīng)正常了。但在人口水平上，如果平均血壓下降這么多，就能預(yù)防大量心臟病發(fā)作和中風(fēng))”講述了血壓下降相對(duì)于個(gè)體可能沒(méi)有太大影響，但是在人口水平上，卻能夠預(yù)防大量心臟病和中風(fēng)，接下來(lái)講述了例子“Forexample,a2018studyfoundthatapopulation-wideaveragesystolicbloodpressurereductionof2mmHgamongmiddle-agedadultsintheUSwouldpreventmorethan12,000heartattacksand7,000strokeseachyear.(例如，2018年的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在美國(guó)中年人中，平均收縮壓降低2毫米汞柱，每年可以預(yù)防12,000多次心臟病發(fā)作和7,000多次中風(fēng))”，由此推知，這個(gè)例子是用來(lái)說(shuō)明血壓降低的益處的。故選C。〖15題詳析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Nevertheless,yogaislikelytoassistinloweringbloodpressureifitencouragessedentary(久坐的)peopletoexercise.(然而，如果瑜伽鼓勵(lì)久坐不動(dòng)的人運(yùn)動(dòng)，它可能有助于降低血壓)”可知，鼓勵(lì)不愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)的人做瑜伽可能有助于降低血壓。故選B。第二節(jié)：(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Theideathatredmeansstopandgreenmeansgoaffectsmorethanjusttrafficlightcolors.Wehavebeentaughtfromayoungagethatredmeansdanger,whilegreenmeanssafety.___16___Forsomethingwehavetolookateveryday,whycouldn’ttheyhavebeenprettiercolors?You’reabouttofindout.Beforethereweretrafficlightsforcars,thereweretrafficsignalsfortrains.Atfirst,railroadcompaniesusedredtomeanstop,whitetomeangoandgreentomeancaution.Buttrainconductorsranintoaproblemwiththecolorwhitemeaninggo—brightwhitecouldeasilybemistakenforstarsatnight.___17___Ithasbeenthatwayeversince.___18___Thatmeansthatasittravelsthroughtheair,itgetsdiffused(分散)lessthanothercolors,soitcanbeseenfromagreaterdistance.Forexample,thinkabouthowthelightturnsredasthesunsets.Eventhoughthehumaneyeismostsensitivetoayellowish-greenhighlightercolor,itcanseeredfromfurtheraway.Butthiscouldhappenbychance.It’snotclearwhetherthatwaschosenbasedonwavelength,contrastagainstgreennatureornaturalconnectionofredwiththingslikeblood.___19___Yellowhasashorterwavelengththanredbutalongerwavelengththangreen.Thismeansthatredisnoticeablethefurthestaway,yellowinthemiddleandgreentheleastdistanceaway—ahelpfuladvancedwarningforneedingtosloworstop.However,believeitornot,yellowwasonceusedtomeanstop.Backinthe1900s,somestopsignswereyellowbecauseitwastoohardtoseearedsigninapoorlylitarea.___20___Sinceyellowcanbeseenwellatalltimesoftheday,schoolareas,sometrafficsignsandschoolbusescontinuetobepaintedthecolor.Keepthesesafedrivingtipsinthebackofyourmindwheneveryouseeayellowlight.A.Railwaycompanieseventuallymovedtothecolorgreenforgo.B.Itcouldbeamixofallthree!C.Butwhywerethoseparticularcolorschosenfortrafficlights?D.Employthesedrivingrulesandknowthattrafficlightshavecertainlycomealongway.E.Redisthecolorwiththelongestwavelength.F.Whenyou’reimpatientlywaitingatatrafficlight,don’tgetmad.G.Eventually,highlyreflectivematerialsweredeveloped,andredstopsignswereborn.〖答案〗16.C17.A18.E19.B20.G〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是為什么要用紅色表示停止，綠色表示通行。〖16題詳析〗空前說(shuō)“Wehavebeentaughtfromayoungagethatredmeansdanger,whilegreenmeanssafety.(我們從小就被教導(dǎo)紅色代表危險(xiǎn)，綠色代表安全。)”，空后說(shuō)“Forsomethingwehavetolookateveryday,whycouldn’ttheyhavebeenprettiercolors?You’reabouttofindout.(對(duì)于我們每天都要看的東西來(lái)說(shuō)，為什么它們不能有更漂亮的顏色呢？你馬上就知道了。)”，因此空格處應(yīng)該提出疑問(wèn)，為什么非要用這紅色代表危險(xiǎn)，綠色代表安全，C選項(xiàng)“Butwhywerethoseparticularcolorschosenfortrafficlights?(但是為什么選擇這些特定的顏色作為交通燈呢？)”引出下文的解釋?zhuān)虼薈選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。〖17題詳析〗空前說(shuō)“Buttrainconductorsranintoaproblemwiththecolorwhitemeaninggo—brightwhitecouldeasilybemistakenforstarsatnight.(但是火車(chē)售票員遇到了一個(gè)問(wèn)題，白色的意思是“走”——明亮的白色很容易被誤認(rèn)為是夜晚的星星。)”，空后說(shuō)“Ithasbeenthatwayeversince.(從那以后就一直是這樣。)”，根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，現(xiàn)在是用綠色表示通行，因此空格處應(yīng)該說(shuō)鐵路公司改為用綠色代表通行，A選項(xiàng)“Railwaycompanieseventuallymovedtothecolorgreenforgo.(鐵路公司最終改用綠色代表通行。)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。〖18題詳析〗空后說(shuō)“Thatmeansthatasittravelsthroughtheair,itgetsdiffused(分散)lessthanothercolors,soitcanbeseenfromagreaterdistance.Forexample,thinkabouthowthelightturnsredasthesunsets.Eventhoughthehumaneyeismostsensitivetoayellowish-greenhighlightercolor,itcanseeredfromfurtheraway.(這意味著當(dāng)它在空氣中傳播時(shí)，它比其他顏色擴(kuò)散得更少，所以它可以從更遠(yuǎn)的地方看到。例如，想想太陽(yáng)下山時(shí)光線是如何變紅的。盡管人類(lèi)的眼睛對(duì)黃綠色熒光最敏感，但它可以在更遠(yuǎn)的地方看到紅色。)”，說(shuō)明本段主要介紹的是紅色，E選項(xiàng)“Redisthecolorwiththelongestwavelength.(紅色是波長(zhǎng)最長(zhǎng)的顏色。)”描述的是紅色，因此符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。〖19題詳析〗空前說(shuō)“It’snotclearwhetherthatwaschosenbasedonwavelength,contrastagainstgreennatureornaturalconnectionofredwiththingslikeblood.(目前尚不清楚這種選擇是基于波長(zhǎng)、與綠色的對(duì)比還是與血液等物質(zhì)的自然聯(lián)系。)”，既然尚不清楚，那就說(shuō)明可能這幾種都有，B選項(xiàng)“Itcouldbeamixofallthree!(它可能是三者的混合！)”說(shuō)明了空前描述的這幾種情況可能都有，因此承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。〖20題詳析〗空前說(shuō)“However,believeitornot,yellowwasonceusedtomeanstop.Backinthe1900s,somestopsignswereyellowbecauseitwastoohardtoseearedsigninapoorlylitarea.(然而，信不信由你，黃色曾經(jīng)被用來(lái)表示停止。早在20世紀(jì)初，一些停車(chē)標(biāo)志是黃色的，因?yàn)樵诠饩€不足的地區(qū)很難看到紅色標(biāo)志。)”，空格處應(yīng)該解釋后來(lái)為什么又出現(xiàn)了紅色標(biāo)志，G選項(xiàng)“Eventually,highlyreflectivematerialsweredeveloped,andredstopsignswereborn.(最終，高反射材料被開(kāi)發(fā)出來(lái)，紅色停車(chē)標(biāo)志誕生了。)”說(shuō)明了紅色停車(chē)標(biāo)志是如何誕生的，因此承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。第二部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)：完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。ItneveroccurredtometothinkaboutmyfuturejobtillIenteredhighschool.Intheyearsbeforehighschool,I___21___muchonfootballandmusic.Thatwas___22___Ispentmostofmysparetime.AfterIenteredhighschool,my___23___forcivilengineering(土木工程)inspiredmetomakegreaterefforts.Ifoundmywaytocivilengineering___24___whenIreadanarticleabouttheLosAngelesearthquakein1994.ItsconsequencewassoawfulthatIwastotallyshocked.Duringtheearthquake,manybuildingsfelldown.Thedisasterledtoheavycasualties(傷亡).The___25___sentmeintothinkingabouthowthebuildingprojectscouldbesafer,andhowIcouldgetthemthatway.Fromthenon,I___26___tolearncivilengineering.___27___differentkindsofbuildingsisaformofrecreationforme.Sittingonmybicycleforhourswatchingthehousesaroundmehasmademefeelthe___28___toshapeourbuildingsintosolidones.Toachievemyambition,Imust___29___thatIcangethighgradesinallmysubjects.Inschool,Iamtrulyfondofscienceandgoodatmath.___30___,myhighschoolyearshadbeenchallenged.Mypoorwritingskillsusedto___31___mealot.Fortunately,Ihadastrongwishtoachievemydream.Itwasthedesire,which___32___metokeeppracticing,thathelpedmeovercomemyshortcomings.Overtheyears,IhavelearnedtostickwiththingsthatIfindright___33___.Thischaracterwillstaywithmetillmyefforts___34___.That,combinedwithmylongstandingcuriosityabout___35___ourworld,iswhatwillmakemeagreatcivilengineersomedaysoon.21.A.relied B.concentrated C.lived D.depended22.A.how B.when C.why D.what23.A.talent B.need C.love D.pity24.A.fortunately B.directly C.frequently D.accidentally25.A.ruins B.wastes C.pollutants D.emissions26.A.promised B.managed C.expected D.determined27.A.Designing B.Completing C.Observing D.Understanding28.A.expense B.necessity C.trend D.solution29.A.ensure B.admit C.believe D.declare30.A.Therefore B.However C.Moreover D.Thus31.A.cheat B.frighten C.bother D.hurt32.A.forced B.reminded C.restricted D.urged33.A.easily B.personally C.firmly D.naturally34.A.giveoff B.getoff C.turnoff D.payoff35.A.shaping B.highlighting C.viewing D.saving〖答案〗21.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.D27.C28.B29.A30.B31.C32.D33.C34.D35.A〖導(dǎo)語(yǔ)〗這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者樹(shù)立要成為工程師的目標(biāo)以及他為實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)所做的事情，告訴我們要堅(jiān)持自己認(rèn)為對(duì)的事情，并為達(dá)成目標(biāo)而付出努力。〖21題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在上高中之前的幾年里，我非常專(zhuān)注于足球和音樂(lè)。A.relied依靠，依賴；B.concentrated集中，聚精會(huì)神；C.lived居住，生存；D.depended依靠。根據(jù)下一句中“Ispentmostofmysparetime”可知，作者把大部分業(yè)余時(shí)間花費(fèi)在足球和音樂(lè)上，故此處指“專(zhuān)注于足球和音樂(lè)”，concentrateon集中注意力于，專(zhuān)注于，故選B。〖22題詳析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我的大部分業(yè)余時(shí)間都是這樣度過(guò)的。A.how如何；B.when何時(shí)；C.why為什么；D.what什么。空處引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，從句中不缺成分，結(jié)合句意可知，此處指“那就是我度過(guò)大部分業(yè)余時(shí)間的方式”，用連接副詞how引導(dǎo)，故選A。〖23題詳析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：進(jìn)入高中后，我對(duì)土木工程的熱愛(ài)激勵(lì)著我更加努力。A.talent天賦，才能；B.need需要；C.love愛(ài)；D.pity同情。根據(jù)“inspiredmetomakegreaterefforts”及下文提到作者決心學(xué)習(xí)土木工程可知，作者對(duì)土木工程的熱愛(ài)激勵(lì)著作者更加努力，故選C。〖24題詳析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我讀到一篇關(guān)于1994年洛杉磯地震的文章時(shí)，我意外地找到了土木工程的方向。A.fortunately幸運(yùn)地；B.directly直接地；C.frequently頻繁地，經(jīng)常；D.accidentally意外地。根據(jù)“whenIreadanarticleabouttheLosAngelesearthquakein1994.”可知，此處指作者意外地找到了土木工程的方向，故選D。〖25題詳析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：廢墟讓我開(kāi)始思考如何讓建筑項(xiàng)目更安全，以及如何讓它們更安全。A.ruins廢墟；B.wastes垃圾；C.pollutants污染物；D.emissions排放物。上文“Duringtheearthquake,manybuildingsfelldown.(地震期間，許多建筑物倒塌了)”提到很多建筑在地震中倒塌，結(jié)合空后“thinkingabouthowthebuildingprojectscouldbesafer”可知，廢墟讓作者開(kāi)始思考如何讓建筑更安全，故選A。〖26題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從那時(shí)起，我決心學(xué)習(xí)土木工程。A.promised承諾，答應(yīng)；B.managed設(shè)法做到；C.expected期望；D.determined決心。根據(jù)本段首句“Ifoundmywaytocivilengineering”及語(yǔ)境可知，本段是描述作者如何找到土木工程的方向，故此處指“從那時(shí)起，我決心學(xué)習(xí)土木工程”，故選D。〖27題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：觀察不同類(lèi)型的建筑對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是一種娛樂(lè)。A.Designing設(shè)計(jì)；B.Completing完成，使完整；C.Observing觀察；D.Understanding理解。根據(jù)下文“Sittingonmybicycleforhourswatchingthehouses”可知，作者喜歡觀察不同類(lèi)型的建筑，故選C。〖28題詳析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：坐在自行車(chē)上幾個(gè)小時(shí)，看著周?chē)姆孔樱屛矣X(jué)得有必要把我們的建筑塑造成堅(jiān)固的建筑。A.expense費(fèi)用；B.necessity必要，需要；C.trend趨勢(shì)；D.solution解決方案。根據(jù)“toshapeourbuildingsintosolidones”可知，此處指有必要把我們的建筑塑造成堅(jiān)固的建筑，故選B。〖29題詳析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了實(shí)現(xiàn)我的抱負(fù)，我必須確保各科都能取得高分。A.ensure確保，保證；B.admit承認(rèn)；C.believe相信；D.declare宣布，聲明。根據(jù)“Toachievemyambition”及語(yǔ)境可知，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)抱負(fù)，作者必須確保各科成績(jī)優(yōu)異，故選A。〖30題詳析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我的高中生活受到了挑戰(zhàn)。A.Therefore因此；B.However然而；C.Moreover而且，此外；D.Thus因此。上文提到要實(shí)現(xiàn)抱負(fù)就得確保成績(jī)優(yōu)異，與下文“我的