備戰2021年高考英語二輪復習之閱讀理解“典型技巧”高效練

典型技巧06人物性格與行為定位

【考情角度】

記敘文以描寫敘述為主，通過生動形象的事件反映生活，表達作者的思想感

考情分析情，文章的中心常通過對人、事、物的描寫體現出來。文章大多按時間或空

間順序展開敘述，偶有倒敘或插敘的情況。

考查角度主要考查細節理解題、推斷判斷題和推斷人物性格題。

【真題再現】（2020?浙江1月高考）主題語境：生活與學習

Ineverknewanyonewho'dgrownupinJacksonwithoutbeingafraidofMrs.Calloway,ourlibrarian.Sheran

Jackson'sCarnegieLibraryabsolutelybyherself.SILENCEinbigblackletterswasonsignshungeverywhere.If

shethoughtyouweredressedimproperly,由g展城里迎曲ightbackh。!娛I。?胤唉由盥Iwaswilling;I

woulddoanythingtoread.

MymotherwasnotafraidofMrs.Calloway.Shewishedmetohavemyownlibrarycardtocheckoutbooks

fbrmyself.Shetookmeintointroduceme."Eudoraisnineyearsoldandhasmypermissiontoreadanybookshe

wantsfromtheshelves,childrenoradults,''Mothersaid.

Mrs.Collowaymadeherownrulesaboutbooks.Youcouldnottakebackabooktothelibraryonthesameday

you'dtakenitout;itmadenodifferencetoherthatyou'dreadeverywordinitandneededanothertostart.You

couldtakeouttwobooksatatimeandtwoonly.Sotwobytwo,IreadlibrarybooksasJfesLasIcouldgo,rushing

themhomeinthebasketofmybicycle.FromtheminuteIrchcdourhouse,Istagedtoread.Iknewthiswas

C耳iremeh次ppinc.SS.andknewitatthetime.

Mymothersharedthisfeelingofmine.Now,Ithinkofherasreadingsomuchofthetimewhiledoing

somethingelse.IrememberherreadingqmagazinewhiletakingthepartoftheWolfinagameof“LittleRed

RidingHood,,withmybrother'stwodaughters.She*djustlookupattherighttime,longenoughtoanswer一in

character—“Thebettertoeatyouwith,mydear,"andgobacktoherplaceinthemagazinearticle.

1.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrs.Calloway?

A.Quiet.B.Strict.

C.Humorous.D.Considerate.

2.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thisfeeling^^refertointhelastparagraph?

A.Desiretoread.B.LoveforMrs.Calloway.

C.Interestingames.D.Fearofthelibraryrules.

3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?

A.Aguidebook.B.Anautobiography.

C.Anewsreport.D.Abookreview.

【答案與解析】LB2.A3.B

1.由題干關鍵詞定位第1和第3段，由“情節1+情節3”可推出Mrs.Calloway的性格。

2.由“情節3+情節4”可推出畫線詞含義。

3.根據文章的4個情節不難看出作者是在回憶自己童年的閱讀經歷，由此可推出文章出處。

【詞匯積累】

absolutely〃小.完全地

autobiographyn.自傳

improperly〃小.不得體地；不合適地

rush巾迅速帶走；急送

character幾角色

checkout（從圖書館等）借出

takethepartof扮演

【技巧釋義】定位原文通過該人物的語言、動作和行為推斷人物性格

情節1:敘述Mrs.Calloway對讀者穿著的嚴格要求（可解第1題）

情節2：母親向Mrs.Calloway介紹作者，希望作者可以借閱任何書籍

情節3：Mrs.Calloway嚴格的借閱規定和作者借書、讀書的快樂

asfastas,rushing,

reached,started,

extremehappiness

說明作者如饑似渴地閱讀（可解第2題）

情節4母親對讀書的愛

插敘母親讀書同時扮演《小紅帽》中的“狼”（可解第2題）

【技巧演練】（建議用時：45分鐘）

1

Onedilemmathatthesuperfamousfaceisbalancingtheneedsofprivacyandrecognition.

Forsomestarsprivacyisanovervaluedthing.In1919,DouglasFairbanksandMaryPickfordwentontheir

Europeanhoneymoon.Thetwointernationalidolshaddivorcedtheirpreviousspouses（酉己偶）andwereconcerned

abouthowtheywouldbegreeted.Theyneedn'thaveworried.InLondontheircarwassurroundedbyadmiring

womenwhopulledMaryoutofthecartoshakeherhand,stillgratefulaftertwoyearsforhereffortssellingwar

bonds.InParistheycouldn'tgetanysleepwithcrowdsgatheringbelowtheirhotelroomtosingandplayforthem.

InAmsterdamtheyattendedapartyandweremobbed（包圍）byotherguestswhowantedtogetclosetothem.

TheathleticFairbanksplacedhiswifeonhisshoulderandescapedthroughthewindow.Finally,theyfoundprivacy

inHamburg,wheretheirmovieswerenotshownbecauseofWorldWarI.Foranhourthefamousnewly-married

couplewalkedthestreetsunnoticeduntiltheboredMaryturnedtoherhusbandandsaid,“Doug,I'msickofthis.

Let'sgobacktooneofthosecountrieswheretheymobus.”

JoanCrawfordhadsimilarfeelings.Onceinthe1930sshewasstayinginNewYorkgettingoverherbreakup

withClarkGable.Tiredofstayingaroundherhotelfeelingsodownshetoldherentourage（隨從）theyshouldgo

outandgetsomefreshair.Theentourage,whohadtroublekeepingupwiththestar'squickpace,wereshocked

whenshewalkedawayfromtheirplannedroad."OhmyGod.She'sgoingintoGrandCentralStation!"Someone

shouted,"Took,it'sJoanCrawford!Andshewasmobbed.Ittookthemthirtyminutestoescapethecrowdandget

backtotheirhotelsuite.Herhairdisheveled（凌亂）,herdresstomandherfacescratched,Crawfordleaned

againstthedooroutofbreath."Oh.,,ohmy.Thatwaswonderful.Let'sdoitagain!^^

1.WhatdidDouglasandMaryworryaboutbeforegoingtoEurope?

A.Nobodywouldgreetthem.

B.Theywouldn'tbewelcomed.

C.Theirwarbondswouldn'tsellwell.

D.Theirschedulewouldbemadepublic.

2.WhatdoesMary'swordsinthesecondparagraphsuggest?

A.Hamburgwastooquietaplaceforher.

B.Hermoviesweren'tshowninHamburg.

C.Shefellillafterarrivinginanewplace.

D.Shedidn'treallyenjoyprivacysomuch.

3.WhatdidJoanCrawfordthinkofherbeingmobbedinNewYork?

A.Amusing.B.Enjoyable.C.Dangerous.D.Embarrassing.

4.Theauthortellsstoriesaboutthemoviestarstoshowthat.

A.theymayfeeldownfromtimetotime

B.theydeservepeople'sloveandrespect

C.theyneedbothprivacyandpublicattention

D.theyarenotalwayspopulararoundtheworld

【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.C

【分析】

這是一篇議論文。文章通過一些明星的案例說明一些名人面臨的一個難題是如何平衡隱私和知名度的需要。

1.細節理解題。根據文章第二段第三句"Thetwointernationalidolshaddivorcedtheirpreviousspouses（配偶）

andwereconcernedabouthowtheywouldbegreeted."（這兩位國際偶像已經與前任離婚，他們很擔心自己會

受到怎樣的歡迎。）可知，他們在去歐洲之前擔心他們不會受到歡迎。故選B。

2.推理判斷題。根據文章第二段最后一句”“Doug,I'msickofthis.Let'sgobacktooneofthosecountrieswhere

theymobus.^（道格，我受夠了。讓我們回到那些人們把我們團團圍住的國家去吧。）可推知，她真的不太

喜歡隱私。故選D。

3.推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“Thatwaswonderful.Let'sdoitagain!”（這是美妙的。讓我們再來一次!）可

推知，瓊?克勞馥（JoanCrawford）認為自己在紐約被團團圍住是一種享受。故選B。

4.推理判斷題。根據文章笫一段"Onedilemmathatthesuperfamousfaceisbalancingtheneedsofprivacyand

recognition."（超級名人面臨的?個難題是如何平衡隱私和知名度的需要。）以及下文兩個例子可知，文章主

要是為了展示電影明星既需要隱私也需要公眾關注。故選C。

2

Overthepasttwentyyears,theMission:ImpossiblefilmserieshasalwaysbeenconnectedwithTomCruise.

Nomatterwhathappens,he'salwaysbeenEthanHunt,thestubbornagent（特工）whoalwaysgives110percentto

protectotherpeople'ssafety,regardlessofhisown.

Huntservesasakindofactionhero,butthere'saninterestingchangeinMission:Impossible-GhostProtocol

（2011）,thefourthmovieoftheseries.Init,Huntfacesagreatdilemma（困境），ashehastoleavehisbelovedwife

Juliabehindtosavetheworld.AndthisideacontinuesinMission:Impossible-Fallout,whereHunt'sdilemmais

evenbiggerthanbefore,whenhe'sforcedtomakeachoicebetweensavingsomeonehelovesortheentireworld.

Thethemeofthe“moraldilemma”,inwhichtheheromustchoosebetweentwoverydifficultoptions,is

commonincinema.

CharacterslikeJamesBondandBatmanoftenfacemoraldilemmasoftheirown.Bondisloyal（忠誠的）to

Britainandsparesnoefforttofinisheverytask,butthisoftencomesatthecostoffollowingtherules.Formost

people,killingsomeoneevenforagoodreasonisn'tacceptable.However,Bondhasonlytwochoicesinfrontof

him:killhisenemiesorbekilled.

DifferingfromBond,however,BatmanneverkillsasinglepersoninfilmTheDarkKnight（2008）.Herefuses

tobreakhisownmoralcode（道德準則）.Indeed,itseemsBatmanisadifferentkindofhero,onewhoputshisown

moralsaboveanythingelse.

AsismentionedontheposterfbrFallout:"Somemissionsarenotachoice”,whichmeansthatgood

intentionsoftencomebacktohaunt（環繞）us.So,superheroeslikeEthanHuntandhisImpossibleMissionForce

needtomaketherightchoicebysavingtheworldagain.AsthecharacterBenjaminParker,Spider-Man5sunclein

themovieseries,wiselysaid,uWithgreatpowercomesgreatresponsibility.^^

5.WhoistheherointhefilmseriestheMission:Impossible?

A.BenjaminParker.B.JamesBond.

C.Batman.D.EthanHunt.

6.WhatdothethreeactionheroesJamesBond,BatmanandEthanHunthaveincommon?

A.Theyallkilltheirenemies.

B.Theyallhavethesamemoralcode.

C.Theyareallcruelandcold-blooded.

D.Theyareallstuckinmoraldilemma.

7.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.SuperheroesB.EthanHuntComingBack

C.MakingaHardChoiceD.TomCruiseCaughtinDilemma

【答案】5.D6.D7.C

【分析】

這是一篇議論文。文章比較了電影《碟中諜》、《007》和《蝙蝠俠》，雖然主人公的性格、信仰不同，但是

他們所表達的主題都是一致的，他們都遭遇道德困境，并做出了艱難的選擇。

5.細節理解題。根據文章第一段“Nomatterwhathappens,he'salwaysbeenEthanHunt,thestubbornagent（特工）

whoalwaysgives110percenttoprotectotherpeople'ssafety,regardlessofhisown."（不管發生什么，他一直都

是EthanHunt,那個不顧個人安危，全力保護他人安全的固執特工。）可知，EthanHunt是《碟中諜》系列

電影中的英雄。故選D。

6.細節理解題。根據文章第二段“AndthisideacontinuesinMission:Impossible-Fallout,whereHunt'sdilemma

isevenbiggerthanbefore,whenhe'sforcedtomakeachoicebetweensavingsomeonehelovesortheentire

word”（在《碟中諜4:全面瓦解》中，這種想法延續了下來。在這部電影中，亨特的困境比以前更大了，

他被迫在拯救他所愛的人還是拯救整個世界之間做出選擇。）第三段“Thethemeofthe"moraldilemma”，in

whichtheheromustchoosebetweentwoverydifficultoptions,iscommonincinema."（"道德困境"的主題，即英

雄必須在兩個非常艱難的選擇中做出選擇，在電影中很常見。）和文章第四段“CharacterslikeJamesBondand

Batmanoftenfacemoraldilemmasoftheirown.“（像詹姆斯?邦德和蝙蝠俠這樣的角色經常面臨自己的道德困

境。）可推知，三位動作英雄的共同之處是他們都會陷入道德困境。故選D。

7.主旨大意題。根據文章第三段“Thethemeofthe"moraldilemma”,inwhichtheheromustchoosebetweentwo

verydifficultoptions,iscommonincinema."（"道德困境”的主題，即英雄必須在兩個非常艱難的選擇中做出

選擇，在電影中很常見。）可知，文章對《碟中諜》《007》和《蝙蝠俠》中的超級英雄進行了分析，他們都

面臨進退兩難的境地，但是都不得不做出艱難的選擇。C項：MakingaHardChoice（做出一個艱難的選擇）

符合題意。故選C。

3

Astudent-ledpushtogetsolarpanelsinstalledatamiddleschoolinTacomaisreceivingnationalrecognition

fromacleanenergynonprofitorganizationcalledGeneration180.Thegirlsinvolvedareadvocatingand

fundraisingfortheproject.

SammyFirkins,GwenNewportandAnnieSonwilltalkabouttheirideatogeneratesolarelectricityatJason

LeeMiddleSchoolinapaneldiscussionorganizedbyGeneration180.In2019,thethreeofthemteamedupwith

theirscienceteacher,KathyHall,topushforsolarpanelstobeinstalled.Hall,whousessolarpoweratherown

house,saidit'slongbeenadreamofhers.TheschoolwouldbethefirstintheTacomadistricttousesolarenergy.

ThegirlspresentedtheirideatoGov.JayInslee'sSTEMEducationInnovationAlliancemeetinginearly2019

andreceivedenthusiasticsupport.TheythenspoketotheTacomaschoolboardandobtainedbuy-infromthe

district,thoughtheyweretoldthedistrictdidnothavetheroughly$200,000forthe277solarpanelsandthatthey

wouldhavetofundraise.They'vesinceraisedmorethanhalfthatamountthroughgrantsandindividualdonations.

GwenNewportsaidshe'salwayscaredalotaboutenvironmentalissuesandthatshe'stroubledthatclimate

changedoesnotgettheattentionitdeserves.t4Atthispoint,Ifeellikeifskindofbeengiventomygeneration

almostasourresponsibilitynowandsobeingabletobeapartofthisprojectandtakeactionisreallyimportantto

me,,,shesaid.

Thesolarpanelshavenotbeeninstalledattheschoolyet.ButHallsaidsheestimatesthattheprojectwill

reducetheschooPspowercostsbyabout$14,000ayear,andthatitalsowillserveaneducationalpurpose.ccWe

willhavelivedataalwaysstreamingavailablesothatpeoplecanseehowthepanelsareworkingandhowthey

relatetotheamountofelectricitywe'reusing,anditwillbeanincrediblelearningtool,,,shesaid.

8.WhatisGeneration180?

A.Itisthenameofthegirls9team.

B.Itisaprojecttousesolarpower.

C.Itisanonprofitenvironmentalgroup.

D.Itisastudent-ledpushtoinstallsolarpanels.

9.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Thegirlsraisedenoughmoneyfortheproject.

B.TheTacomaschoolboardrejectedtheproject.

C.Thegirlsmadegreateffortstofulfilltheproject.

D.Thedistrictcoveredtheexpensesofsolarpanels.

lO.HowdoesGwenNewportfeelaboutclimatechange?

A.Confident.B.Concerned.C.Relieved.D.Content.

11.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheproject?

A.Toadvocatefordonations.

B.Toserveasalearningtool.

C.Toprotecttheenvironment.

D.Tocutdowntheschool'sexpenses.

【答案】8.C9.C10.Bll.C

【分析】

這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了在塔科馬市的一所中學里，學生們發起了一項活動，要求安裝太陽能電

池板，這項活動得到了一個名為“Generation180”的非營利性清潔能源組織的全國認可。文章簡要介紹了發

起這項活動的背景，以及它可以帶來的影響。

8.細節理解題。根據文章第?段"Astudent-ledpushtogetsolarpanelsinstalledatamiddleschoolinTacomais

receivingnationalrecognitionfromacleanenergynonprofitorganizationcalledGeneration180.”（在塔科馬市的

一所中學里，學生們發起了一項活動，要求安裝太陽能電池板，這項活動得到了一個名為“Generation180”

的非營利性清潔能源組織的全國認可。）可知I,Generation180是一個非盈利的環保組織。故選C。

9.主旨大意題。根據文章第三段內容“ThegirlspresentedtheirideatoGov.JayInslee'sSTEMEducation

InnovationAlliancemeetinginearly2019andreceivedenthusiasticsupport....“可知，第三段主要講了女孩們為

完成這個項目付出了巨大的努力。故選C。

10.推理判斷題。根據文章第四段“GwenNewportsaidshe'salwayscaredalotaboutenvironmentalissuesand

thatshe'stroubledthatclimatechangedoesnotgettheattentionitdeserves.^^（格溫?紐波特（GwenNewport）表示，

她一直非常關心環境問題，她對氣候變化沒有得到應有的關注感到擔憂。）可推知，GwenNewport對氣候變

化感到擔心。故選B。

11.推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“ButHallsaidsheestimatesthattheprojectwillreducetheschoofspower

costsbyaboutS14,000ayear,andthatitalsowillserveaneducationalpurpose."（但.霍爾表示，她估計該項目將

為學校每年減少約1.4萬美元的電力成本，而且還將用于教育目的。）可知，這個項目主要是為了節省電力。

由此推知，該項目的目的是保護環境。故選C。

4

Inherlate80s,AnnieDillarddecidedtogobacktoschool.Now,at92yearsold,Dillardisgraduatingfrom

MidlandsTechnicalCollegewithanassociate'sdegreeinliberalarts.

AccordingtoABCNews,Dillardisamotherandtheownerofherownhairsalon.Shealsohasabachelor's

degree,butfiveyearsago,shestartedsearchingforsomethingmore.SoshewenttoMidlandsTech."Myadviceis

thatyoucanmakeitifyoutry,butyouhavetostartsomewhere,Dillardtoldthenewsoutlet.Inavideoofher

graduation,Dillardwearshergraduationuniformwithasmile.

Moreover,Dillardisclearlyaninspirationforothers.'TveknownMrs.Dillardforanumberofyears,almost

sinceshestartedcollegeandI'vebeenreally,reallypleasedwithherprogress,RonaldRhames,presidentof

MidlandsTechnicalCollege,toldWLTX."Shewouldbeoncampus,alwayssmilingandalwayswillingtotalkwith

people.IfIwerea17,18,or19-year-oldstudentatourcollegeandsawaladyasmatureasMrs.Dillard,Iwouldbe

reallyencouragedtoseewhat'sgoingtohappenwithme.”

Asforherfutureplans?Dillardsaidshe'sgoingtostartschoolagainandaimedtoearnadegreeinearly

childhoodeducation.Shealsoacknowledgedthatshewouldn'tbegettinganyrest."Onlythestrongsurvive,9,she

said.

Dillardisn'tthefirsttoshowusanimportantlifelesson.In2017,LynSlater,a63-year-oldprofessor,became

anaccidentalstyleicon.HidekichiMiyazakiis105-year-oldtrackstar,andErnestineShepherdearnedtheofficial

titleofWorld'sOldestPerformingFemaleBodybuilderattheageof80.

Welovehearingstorieslikethese,andwewishDillardallthebestinherfutureattempts.Whatevershetriesin

thefuture,she'llsurelybeawinnerinlifebecauseshehassuchastrongmind.

12.WhatdoweknowaboutAnnieDillard?

A.Sheisaqualifiedfull-timehousewife

B.Shestudiedcollegecoursesbyherself.

C.ShestartedstudyinginMidlandsTechat87.

D.Shegotherfirstdegreeattheageof92.

13.WhatcanwesayaboutDillardaccordingtoRonaldRhames?

A.Sheisoutgoingandinspiring.

B.Sheisambitiousandtalented.

C.Sheiscreativeandindependent.

D.Sheishelpfulandconsiderate.

14.TheauthormentionsthreeoldpeopleinParagraph5mainlytoshow.

A.oldpeopledeservemoreofourprotection

B.ageneverstopsusfromachievinggoals

C.weshalltreatpeopleofallagesequally

D.weallshouldhaveproperlifemodels

15.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Theimportanceofoldpeopleinsociety.

B.TheinspiringstoryofAnnieDillard.

C.Howtoearnadegreeatanoldage.

D.Howtoachieveourgoalsinlife.

【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.B

【分析】

這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了AnnieDillard的勵志故事，她是一位92歲的老人，但仍然擁有人生目標，

并用堅強的意志力不斷地追尋自己的目標。

12.細節理解題。根據文章第一段關鍵句“Now,at92yearsold,DillardisgraduatingfromMidlandsTechnical

Collegewithanassociate'sdegreeinliberala