2022高考英語3500詞匯表達+閱讀訓練（DAY19）

目錄內容

SectionA高頻詞匯講解以及短語表達

SectionB閱讀理解強化訓練

SectionC七選五綜合練習

SectionA高頻詞匯講解以及短語表達

1：sensitiveadj.敏感的；靈敏的；感光的；易受傷害的；易受影響的

n.敏感的人；有靈異能力的人

常用短語：

besensitiveto有感知力的；能理解的

besensitiveabout對…敏感的

sensitivedocuments機密文件

2.dipinto瀏覽；浸在……里；稍加研究

3.brieflyadv.短暫地；簡略地；暫時地

4.tobehonest老實說；說實話

=tobefrank=totellthetruth

5.dreamof夢想；夢見

6.folkactor民間演員

folkn.民族；人們；親屬（復數）adj.民間的

常用短語：

folktale民間故事

oldfolk老人

folkcustom民間習俗

7.confidentadj.自信的；確信的

常用短語：

confidentin自信的；確信的

confidentof確信，相信

8.devotionn.獻身，奉獻；忠誠；熱愛

常用短語：

devotionto獻身于…

9：formn.形式，形狀；形態，外形；方式；表格

vt.構成，組成；排歹！J,組織；產生，塑造

vi.形成，構成；排列

常用短語：

intheformof以…的形式

aformof一種…的形式

taketheformof表現為...的形式

in/onform（運動員等）競技狀態良好；精力旺盛

off/outofform（運動員等）競技狀態差

fillintheform填寫表格

10.rollvt.卷；滾動，轉動；輾

vi.卷；滾動；轉動；起伏，搖晃

n.卷，卷形物；名單；搖晃

常用短語：

rolldown（淚水等液體）滾落；搖（車窗、卷簾等）

rollinto卷；繞（成柱形或團）

rolledup卷；繞（成柱形或團）

arollof一卷...

rollout鋪開;滾出

rollin蜂擁而來；有大量的（錢財等）；就寢；到達

rockandroll搖滾樂

rollup卷起；滾滾上升；到達；出現；

onaroll運氣好;超常發揮；做得很順

rollover翻滾；轉存；延緩付款

rollaway滾動卷頁；滾過去，慢移過去

rollback擊退；把…壓低到標準水平

rollon繼續前進

11.relyon信賴；依賴；依靠；信任

=dependon

12.performvt.執行；完成；演奏

vi.執行，機器運轉；表演

常用短語：

performanoperation動手術；做手術

performon表演；上演；演奏

performacontract執行合同

13.instrumentn.儀器；工具；樂器：手段；器械

詞語辨析：

這組詞都有“儀器、設備、器械、器具”的意思，其區別是：

installation一般多指安裝完成，可供使用或操作的整套裝置或設施。

tool一般指進行特種工作的手工工具，也可指人造使用動力的工具，還可作引申用。

device多指為某一特殊用途或解決某一特定機械問題而設計或改裝的精巧的儀器或裝

置。

apparatus既可指某種具體的由許多不同零件構成的復雜的儀器、裝置或器械，又可指

它們的總稱。

implement原指史前人類所用的工具，現在多指農用工具，也可指為實現某個任務所需

的工具或器具。

equipment多指成套的或重型的設備或裝備。通常用作不可數名詞。

instrument通常指能使人們完成某一精確動作或測量的一種小型儀器，尤指電工儀表、

測量裝置，航海或航空用的控制裝置。

appliance側重指家用機器或設備，尤指家用電器。

facilities常用復數形式，指可供使用的設備或設施。

14.pubn.酒館；客棧

15.passer-byn.過路人；經過者(pl.passers-by)

16.earnvt.賺，賺得；獲得

常用短語：

earnaliving謀生；活命

earnone'scorn憑實力獲得應得的酬勞

earnone'skeep謀生，掙飯吃

17.extraadv.特別地，非常；另外

n.臨時演員；號外；額外的事物；上等產品

adj.額外的，另外收費的；特大的

18.incash以現金支付

19.beardvt.公然反對；抓..的胡須

n.胡須；頜毛

vi.充當掩護；充當男隨員

20.pretendvt./vi.假裝，偽裝，佯裝

adj.假裝的

常用短語：

pretendtodosth假裝做某事

SectionB閱讀理解強化訓練

Passage1

Thenewsthatresearchershaveusedcloningtomakehumanembryosforthepurposeof

producingstemcellsmayhavesomepeoplewonderingifitwouldeverbepossibletoclonea

person.Althoughitwouldbeimmoral,expertssayitislikelybiologicallypossibletoclonea

humanbeing.Sincethe1950swhenresearchersclonedafrog,scientistshavecloneddozensof

animalspecies,includingmice,cats,sheep,pigsandcows.

Withmice,researchersareabletousethousandsofeggs,andconductmanyexperiments,to

workouttheseproblems.4tIt,sanumbersgame,“saidDr.RobertLanza,thechiefscientificofficer

atabiotechcompany."Butwithprimates（靈長類動物）,eggsareveryprecious,anditisnoteasyto

getthemtoconductexperiments.”

Inaddition,researcherscan'tsimplyapplywhatthey'velearnedfromcloningmiceor

cowstocloningpeople.Cloningananimalrequiresthatresearchersremoveproteinsthatare

necessarytohelpcellsdivide.Inmice,thisisn'taproblem,becausetheembryothatiscreatedis

abletomaketheseproteinsagain.Butprimatesaren'tabletodothis,andresearchersthinkitmay

beonereasonthatattemptstoclonemonkeyshavefailed.

What'smore,clonedanimalsoftenhavedifferentkindsofabnormalities.These

abnormalitiesarecommonbecauseclonedembryoshavejustoneparentratherthantwo,which

meansthataprocessknownas“imprinting（E|J記）“doesnotoccurproperlyinclonedembryos.

44Problemswithimprintingcanresultinextremelylargeembryos,whichleadstoproblems

withbloodflowforthebaby,^^Lanzasaid/4Theextremelyhighrateofdeathandthe

developmentalabnormalitiesfromcloningmakecloningpeopleimmoral.lt?slikesendingyour

babyupinarocketknowingthere'sa50-50chancethatit'sgoingtoexplode.^^

l.WhatcanweleamfromParagraph1?

A.Animalcloningisillegal.

B.Humancloningispossible.

C.Humanembryosmayhavenewfunctions.

D.Animalembryoscanbeusedformedicine.

2.Howweretheexperimentsoncloningmonkeys?

A.Theyhavesolvedtheproblemwithproteins.

B.Theyhavebeenappliedtohumancloning.

C.Theyweresuccessful.

D.Theywereintrouble.

3.HowdoesLanzafeelabouthumancloning?

A.Itisrisky.B.Itispractical.C.Itisbeneficial.D.Itispromising.

Passage2

Climatechange,nothumanhunting,mayhavewipedoutthethylacine（袋狼）,accordingtoa

newstudybasedonDNAfromthylacinebones.

Themeat-eatingmarsupials（有袋動物）diedoutonmainlandAustraliaafewthousandyears

ago,butsurvivedinTasmania,anislandofsoutheastAustraliaseparatedfromthemainland,until

the1930s.Untilnow,scientistshadbelievedthecauseofthismainlandextinctionwasincreased

activityfromnativeAustraliansanddingoes（Australianwilddogs）.

ScientistsbehindtheUniversityofAdelaidestudy,whichwaspublishedintheJournalof

BiogeographyonThursdaycollected51newthylacineDNAsamplesfromfossilbonesand

museumskins—thelargestdatasetofthylacineDNAtodate.Thepaperconcludedthatclimate

changestartingabout4,000yearsago—inparticulardrierseasonscausedbytheweathersystems

knownasElNino-SouthernOscillation-waslikelythemaincauseofthemainlandextinction.

TheancientDNAshowedthatthemainlandextinctionofthylacineswasrapid,andnotthe

resultoflossofgeneticdiversity.Therewasalsoevidenceofapopulationcrashinthylacinesin

Tasmaniaatthesameperiodoftime,reducingtheirnumbersandgeneticdiversity.

AssociateProfessorJeremyAustin,deputydirectoroftheUniversity'sAustralianCentrefor

AncientDNA,saidTasmaniawouldhavebeenprotectedfrommainlandAustralia'swarmer,drier

climateduetoitshigherrainfall.Hearguedthatclimatechangewas“theonlythingthatcould

havecaused,oratleaststarted,anextinctiononthemainlandandcausedapopulationcrashin

Tasmania.^^

“Theybothoccurredataboutthesametime,andtheothertwothingsthathavebeentalked

aboutinthepastthatmayhavedriventhylacinestoextinctiononthemainlandweredingoesand

humans.Sotheonlyexplanationthat'sleftisclimatechange.Andbecausethatpopulationcrash

happenedatthesametimethatthespecieswentextinctonthemainland,ourargumentisthere5sa

commonthemethereandtheonlycommonthemethat'sthereisthischangeinclimate.^^

4.Whathappenedtothylacinesinthe1930s?

A.TheydiedoutonmainlandAustralia.

B.Theywerehuntedinlargenumbers.

C.TheysurvivedinTasmania.

D.Theywerenolongerseen.

5.WhatdidscientistsbelievebeforetheUniversityofAdelaidestudy?

A.Marsupialswereallmeat-eatinganimals.

B.DingoesshouldberemovedfromAustralia.

C.ThylacineshadnoenemiesonmainlandAustralia.

D.Nativepeoplewereresponsiblefortheextinctionofthylacines.

6.WhafsthedifferencebetweenmainlandAustraliaandTasmania?

A.Tasmaniahasmoredingoes.

B.Tasmaniahasmorewetdays.

C.Tasmaniahasahighertemperature.

D.TasmaniahasmorenativeAustralians.

7.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?

A.DNAisplayinganimportantrole

B.Climatechangeledtothylacines9disappearance

C.Australiananimalsarefacingapopulationcrash

D.NativeAustraliansanddingoesweremisunderstood

SectionC七選五綜合練習

Passage3

SophiaCollinsandEmyJacobohavebeenbestfriendssincekindergarten.41playwithEmy

outsidealot,“Sophiasays."Weliketoreadanddoarttogether.^1Theywroteabookand

usedittoraisemoneyforSt.JudeChildren'sResearchHospital.

ItstartedwhenSophiaandEmyhadfreetimeintheirfirst-gradeclass.Theydecidedtocreate

abookforSophia'syoungerbrother,Sam,andEmy'syoungersisters,KielynandLia."Wemade

thebooktohelpthemread,“Emysays.

Whenevertheyhadextratime,SophiaandEmyworkedontheirbook,calledSmileEverybodyI

It'sabout"allthereasonstosmile,nomatterwhoyouare,“thegirlsstateonthebackcover._2

“IdrewthepeopleandSophiadrewtheanimals,Emysays.

AfterfinishingSmileEverybody\bothgirlsreadittotheirsiblings（兄弟姐妹）,wholikedit.

3_Sophiawantedtosellthebook.Hermomaskedherwhatshe'ddowiththemoney.Sothe

girlstalkeditover."WedecidedtosellthebooktoraisemoneyforSt.JudeChildrenysResearch

Hospital,Emysays.4

Thegirlshadlearnedaboutitwhenafund-raisingtrike-a-thon（騎腳踏車活動）washeldat

theirschool.

AfterSophia'smomhadthebookprinted,thegirlssoldmorethan60copiesofSmile

Everybodyltofamilyandfriendsandsent$315toSt.Jude.

5Emysays,“Weliketohelpthekidsfeelbetter.^^

A.St.Judehelpsverysickchildren.

B.Butthentheirprojectgrewbigger.

C.Later,Sam,KielynandLiaalsobecamefriends.

D.Thegirlsliketoworktogethertohelpothers,too.

E.Theytookturnstakingthebookhomeonweekends.

F.However,thegirlshaddifferentopinionsabouttheirbook.

G.Thetwofriendsfeelhappythattheirprojecthelpedbringsmilestohospitalpatients.

參考答案

Passage1

1.B根據第一段中的"expertssayitislikelybiologicallypossibletocloneahumanbeing^^

可知，人體克隆具有可能性。

2.D根據第三段中的“primatesaren'tabletodothis,andresearchersthinkitmaybeone

reasonthatattemptstoclonemonkeyshavefailed”可推斷，對猴子進行的實驗遇到了困境。

3.A根據末段中的"It'slikesendingyourbabyupinarocketknowingthere'sa50-50

chancethatifsgoingtoexplode.”可推斷，人體克隆有很大的風險。

Passage2

4.D由第二段中的“Themeat-eatingmarsupials...untilthe1930s.”可知，至二十世紀三十

年代，袋狼徹底絕種了。

5.D由第二段中的“Untilnow