河南省開封市華英中學2022-2023學年高二英語下學期摸底試題含解析一、選擇題1.Shehadacomputerathome,andherparentsdesiredthatshe_________allherworkathome.

A.do

B.does

C.mustdo

D.woulddo參考答案：A2.

_____hemetwiththedifficultydidherealizetheimportanceofgroupwork.A.Eventhough

B.Neveruntil

C.Onlybefore

D.Eversince參考答案：B3.Readinglightfiction,goingouttoseearomanticcomedy,orsharingapleasanttimewithfriendsisnot________mybadfeelingsnow.A.intunewith B.intouchwith C.inhonourof D.indefenceof參考答案：A【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：讀輕松的小說，出去看浪漫喜劇，或者和朋友們分享快樂的時光，這些都不符合我現在的壞心情。A.intunewith與……一致；B.intouchwith與……聯系；C.inhonourof為紀念；D.indefenceof為……辯護。根據“mybadfeelings”可知，此處表示“符合、與……一致”，故A項正確。4.TheMediterraneanclimatehastwo

seasons—hot,drysummersandwarm,wetwinters.A.central

B.tropicalC.distinctD.coastal參考答案：C5.Wearehopingthatthesemeasurestakenbythelocalgovernmentwillhelp________thingsabit.A.sweepup

B.speedup

C.makeup

D.saveup參考答案：B6.WhenyoumeetanewwordinreadingtheEnglishpapers,youcanguessitsmeaningbutneedn’talways______thedictionary.ks5uA.lookup B.attachto C.payattentionto

D.referto參考答案：D7.Foramomentnothinghappened,andthen______allshoutingtogether.A.voiceshadcome

B.camevoicesC.voiceswouldcome

D.didvoicescome參考答案：B8.----Theweatherisn’tgoodenoughforanouting,isit?----No,wecan’thave___atthistimeoftheyear.A,anicerday

B.aworstday

C.sofineaday

D.aworseday參考答案：D9.—James,I’vefoundajobthat_______medowntotheground.—Really?Congratulations!A.fits

B.goeswith

C.matches

D.suits參考答案：D10.Afterthedinner,anexpressionofthankstothehostwouldbe________.A.indemand B.inplace C.insight D.inprocess參考答案：B11.I________thetroubleifonlyI_______myparents.A.wouldhaveavoided,listento

B.willhaveavoided,listenedtoC.wouldhaveavoided,hadlistenedto

D.shallhaveavoided,listento參考答案：D12.AprofessorfromaChineseuniversitysaidbiologicalfeatureswould＿criminalsor

terroristswhoareusingfalsenames.

A.figure

B.identify

C.illustrate

D.acknowledge參考答案：b略13.Hecoulddonothingbut_______forthebus_________.

A.wait,tocome

B.wait;come

C.waiting;coming

D.waited;came參考答案：A14.Wesuggestthatmoremeasures_________tosolvetheproblemofoverpopulation.A.willbetaken

B.betaken

C.canbetaken

D.mustbetaken參考答案：B15.Onthemountain_______andinthetemple_______.A.standsatemple;amonklives

B.atemplestands;helivesC.standingatemple;livingamonk.

D.standsatemple;helives.參考答案：D16.Whocan______thathewillkeephisword?Healwayslies.

A.feel B.argue

C.insist

D.guarantee參考答案：D17.---Thegovernmentshouldtrytobalancetheeconomicgrowthandpollutionfromindustry.---___________.It’stimetodoit.A.Idon’tthinkso. B.Goahead. C.Exactly. D.That’sOK.參考答案：C二、新的題型18.Ontheafternoonof11March2011,TetsuNozakiwatchedhelplesslyasawallofwater_____1_____(crash)intohisboatsinOnahama,asmallfishingportonJapan'sPacificcoast.___2___(spend)thepasteightyearsrebuilding,theFukushimafishingfleetisnowconfrontingyetanothermenace—theincreasinglikelihood____3____thenuclearplant'soperator,TokyoElectricPower(TEPCO),willdumphugequantitiesofradioactivewaterintotheocean."Westronglyopposeanyplanstodischargethewaterintothesea,"Nozaki,headofFukushimaprefecture'sfederationoffisheriescooperatives,toldtheGuardian.Currently,justoveronemilliontonnesofcontaminatedwaterisheldinalmost1,000tanksatFukushimaDaiichi,buttheutilityhaswarnedthatitwillrunoutofspacebythesummerof2022.____4____(release)thewastewaterintotheseawouldalsoangerSouthKorea,addingtopressureondiplomaticties.Seoul,whichhasyettoliftanimportbanonFukushimaseafood____5____(introduce)in2013,claimedlastweekthatdischargingthewaterwouldposea"gravethreat"___6___themarineenvironment—achargerejectedbyJapan.JapaneseGovernmentofficialssaytheywon'tmakeadecision___7___theyhavereceivedareportfromanexpertpanel,buttherearestrongindicationsthatdumpingispreferredoverotheroptions____8____vaporising,buryingorstoringthewaterindefinitely.Criticssaythegovernmentisreluctant____9____(support)thedumpingoptionforfearofcreatingfreshcontroversyoverFukushimaduringtheRugbyWorldCup,____10____startsthisweek,andthebuilduptothe2020TokyoOlympics.參考答案：1.crashed/wascrashing

2.Havingspent

3.that

4.Releasing

5.introduced

6.to

7.until

8.suchas

9.tosupport

10.which【分析】這是一篇說明文。核電站運營商東京電力公司(TEPCO)將大量放射性水倒入海洋的可能性越來越大。福島縣漁業合作社聯合會的負責人表達了強烈的反對，同時將廢水排放到海里也會激怒韓國，增加兩國外交關系的壓力。【1題詳解】考查時態。句意：2011年3月11日下午，在日本太平洋沿岸的一個小漁港小名濱，TetsuNozaki無助地看著一堵水墻（正）撞向他的船只。根據語境可知，此處描述的是過去發生的動作，應使用一般過去時或過去進行時。故填crashed/wascrashing。【2題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在過去八年的重建工作之后，福島的捕魚船現在又面臨著另一種威脅。spend與主語theFukushimafishingfleet是邏輯主謂關系，此處強調該動作發生在主句動作之前，應使用現在分詞的完成式。故填Havingspent。【3題詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意：核電站運營商東京電力公司(TEPCO)將大量放射性水倒入海洋的可能性越來越大。根據句意及句子成分分析可知，此處引導的是theincreasinglikelihood的同位語從句，從句句子成分齊全，應使用只起連接作用、無詞意的關系詞that引導。故填that。【4題詳解】考查動名詞。句意：將廢水排放到海里也會激怒韓國，增加兩國外交關系的壓力。根據句意及句子成分分析可知，此處為動名詞短語做主語。故填Releasing。【5題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：首爾尚未解除2013年出臺的福島海鮮進口禁令。此處與animportban邏輯動賓關系，應使用過去分詞做定語，表被動、完成。故填introduced。【6題詳解】考查介詞。句意：韓國上周宣稱，排放污水將對海洋環境構成“嚴重威脅”——日本對此予以否認。短語：poseathreatto“對……構成威脅”。故填to。【7題詳解】考查連詞。句意：日本政府官員表示，他們在收到一個專家小組的報告之前不會做出決定。根據句意及句子成分分析可知，此處為not…until…結構。故填until。【8題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：但有強烈跡象表明，與其它選擇(例如無限期蒸發、掩埋或儲存)相比，傾倒更受青睞。根據句意及空后列舉的例子可知，此處使用短語suchas“例如”。故填suchas。【9題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：批評人士表示，政府不愿支持傾倒垃圾的選擇。短語：bereluctanttodo“不愿意做”。故填tosupport。【10題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：本周開始的橄欖球世界杯。此處為非限定性定語從句，先行詞是heRugbyWorldCup，關系詞在從句中做主語，應使用關系代詞which引導。故填which。【點睛】同位語從句與定語從句從形式上來看十分相似，大多都由that來引導，都跟在名詞或代詞之后，這也很容易導致同學們在理解或做題時出現錯誤，而這兩者在實質上是截然不同的，句法功能都有所不同：引導同位語從句的that是連詞，在從句中不充當任何成份，而引導定語從句的that是關系代詞，除起連接作用外，還在從句中充當主語、賓語或表語等，如：Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.計算機能夠識別人的聲音的想法使許多人感到驚奇。（同位語從句，that在從句中不充當任何成份）Theideathathegavesurprisesmanypeople．他提出的觀點令許多人感到吃驚。（定語從句，that在從句中作gave的賓語）三、閱讀理解19.Dodderisanunusualandunwantedplantthatattacksotherplants.Exceptforitsflowers,theplantlookslikespaghetti,akindofnoodlesintheshapeoflongthinpiecesthatlooklikestringwhentheyarecooked.Itsalmostleafless,thread-likestems（莖）hangdownontopofotherplantsthatdodderneedstostayalive.Dodderdoesnotproduceitsownfood.Instead,itstealsfoodfromotherplants.Itfeedsbysuckingjuicesfromtheplantwhichiswrappedaround,oftenmakingitshostveryweakorevenkillingit.Doddercanfindotherplantsbytheirsmell.Whenayoungdodderplantstartsgrowing,itfollowsthesmellofplantsitprefers,liketomatoplants,potatoplants,orotherfarmcrops.Unlikemostplantsthatusuallygrowinthedirectionoflightorwarmth,adodderplantwillgrowinthedirectionof,forexample,tomatosmell-ifatomatohappenstobegrowingnearby.However,ayoungdodderplantmustfindahostplantquickly.Itnolongerneedsitsrootonceitisattachedtothehostandwrappedaroundit.Ifitcannotcatchasmellofapotentialhostwithinafewdays,itwilldryupanddisappear-evenifthereisplentyofwateraround.Onceitfindsahost,theyoungdodderplantwillattachitselftoitandstartgrowingfaster.Atthatpointthedodderplantwilldropitsroot.Dodderisthusadifficultweedtomanageandarealheadacheforfarmers.Whenitdoesgetoutofhand,doddercangreatlyreduceafarmer’sharvestorevendestroycropscompletely.Beforesowingtheirproduce,especiallyfarmersinwarmpartsoftheworldoftenchecktomakesurenounwanteddodderseedshavemixedwiththeircropseeds.Thisisagoodwaytostopdodderplantsfrommakingtheirwaytoacropfieldsecretly.8.Whydoestheauthormentionspaghettiinthefirstparagraph?A.Toanalyzethecontentofsomefood.B.Todescribetieshapeofdodderplants.C.Toexplainwherethedodderplantscomefrom.D.Toarguethatdodderplantscanbeused.9.Whatwillhappenifadodderplantstartsgrowingwheretherearenootherplantsaround?A.Itwilldiesoonerorlater.B.Itwillgrowdeeproots.C.Itwillattractotherplants.D.Itwillcovertheentireareaofsoil.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Dodderdoesnotproduceitsownfood.B.Doddercanaffectfarmers’income.C.Doddercanonlysurviveintheshade.D.Dodderonlygrowsinthewarmareas.11.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Anewvarietyoffarmcrops.B.Plantsthatareharmfultohumans.C.Thespecialabilitiesofadangerousplant.D.Recentimprovementsinfarmingmethods.參考答案：8.B

9.A

10.B

11.C文章介紹了一種有特殊生長習性，危害農作物生長的攀附植物菟絲子。8.B推理判斷題。根據第一段theplantlookslikespaghetti,akindofnoodlesintheshapeoflongthinpiecesthatlooklikestringwhentheyarecooked.作者把dodder和意大利面條相比是用人們熟悉的事物來說明dodder的形狀，故選B.9.A細節推理題。根據第三段Ifitcannotcatchasmellofapotentialhostwithinafew