2021年湖南省部分學校高考英語模擬試卷(5月份)

一、閱讀理解(本大題共15小題，共37.5分)

(2021?湖南省?模擬題)

A

HarvardUniversityisdevotedtoexcellenceinteaching,learning,andresearch,andto

developingleadersinmanysubjectswhomakeadifferenceglobally.Browsefreeonline

coursesinavarietyofsubjects.HarvardUniversitycoursesfoundbelowcanbeverifiedfreeor

studentscanchoosetoreceiveaverifiedcertificateforasmallfee.Selectacoursetolearnmore.

CS50'sIntroductiontoComputerScience

Length：14weeksEffort：6hoursperweek

Price：Free(AddaVerifiedCertificatefor￥1,293)Instructors：DavidJ.Malan

Whatyoulllearn：

?Abroadunderstandingofcomputerscienceandprogramming

?Conceptslikeabstraction,algorithms,datastructures,encapsulation,resource

management,securitysoftwareengineering,andwebdevelopment

MasterpiecesofWorldLiterature

Length：12weeksEffort：8hoursperweek

Price：Free(AddaVerifiedCertificatefor￥1,093)Instructors：DavidDamrosch

Whatyoulllearn：

?Howliteraryworksandbooksaretransformedbyculturaltransmission

?Howtocriticallyanalyzeliteraryworks

TheHealthEffectsofClimateChange

Length：9weeksEffort：10hoursperweek

Price：Free(AddaVerifiedCertificatefor￥968)Instructors：AshishJha

Whatyou'lllearn：

?Climatechange'simpactsonnutrition,migration,andinfectiousdiseases

?Strategiestolessenandadapttothehealthimpactsofclimatechange

GlobalChina：FromtheMongolstotheMing

Length：15weeksEffort：6hoursperweek

Price：Free(AddaVerifiedCertificatefor￥643)Instructors：WilliamC.Kirby

Whatyou'lllearn：

?HowtheMongolscreatedthegreatestempireinhumanhistory.

?HowtheMingDynastyestablishedanewglobaleconomy.

1.Whichcourserequiresthemoststudyhoursinall?

A.MasterpiecesofWorldLiterature.

B.TheHealthEffectsofClimateChange.

C.CS50*sIntroductiontoComputerScience.

D.GlobalChina：FromtheMongolstotheMing.

2.HowmuchshouldastudentpayforaVerifiedCertificateabouthistory?

A.￥1,293.B.￥1,093.C.￥968.D.￥643.

3.WhatwillastudentlearnfrominstructorAshishJha?

A.Howplantswilladapttoclimatechange.

B.Howclimatechangesaffecthumanbeings.

C.Howtosolveglobalwarmingeffectively.

D.Howhumans*activitiesinfluenceEarth'satmosphere.

（2021?湖南省?模擬題）

B

Henry,arescuedog,camefirst.CynthiaBennettandAndreSibilsky,anewcouple,wantedahigh

energydogthattheycouldtakeonlonghikesandcampingexplorationsfromColoradoto

California.Withhisplayfulairofconfidenceandactivenature,Henryfitrightin.Thefirsttime

thecoupletookhimhiking,hejumpedupontothelargerockslikeamountaingoat.Hisfavorite

activitiesarehikingoutdoorsandexploringmountains.Buthe*sabigsoftywithsevere

separationanxiety,soeventually,thecouplesearchedforacalmyetadventurouscatthatcould

keepHenrycompany-andkeepupwithhimonthepaths.

Rescuedfromacatshelterafterhismotherabandonedhim,thelovableanddependent

cat,Baloo,bondedtoHenrywithinhours.AndHenrydiscoveredthatBaloolovedtoexploreas

muchashedid.CynthiahadalreadyplannedacampingtripwithHenryto

Telluride,Colorado,andtookBalooalong.That,astheysay,wasthebeginningofabeautiful

animalfriendship.

OnedayonthehalfwayBaloowastired,andCynthiatookitintoherheadtoplaceBalooon

Henry'sneck."BaloojusthunghimselfoverHenry'sheadandneck.AndHenrydidn'tmindat

all."Howcouldyounottakeaphotoofthat?

第2頁，共22頁

Hundredsofphotoslater,HenryandBalooareInternetcelebrities.CynthiaandAndrestarted

theHenryandBalooFoundation,anofficialnonprofitorganizationwithamissiontopreserve1,

000acresacrosstheWestandhelpreforestlandthathasbeenclaimedbywildfires.Theyhike

thelandallthetime,andit'sawayfbrthemtogivebacktofuturegenerations.

CynthiaandAndrehopethattheadventuresofHenryandBaloowillinspireothersto

discover,exploreandtreasureourcountry*snaturalbeauty.

4.WhydidthecouplechooseHenry?

A.Heisstrongandbrave.B.Heisactiveandenergetic.

C.Heisanxiousandcautious.D.Heisgentleandconsiderate.

5.WhatcanweinferaboutHenryandBaloofromthetext?

A.Theyfightthemomenttheymeet.

B.HenryhatescarryingBalooonhisback.

C.HenrydoesnotliketoexplorewithBaloo.

D.Theymatcheachotherinpersonality.

6.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheHenryandBalooFoundation?

A.Toprotectthenaturalenvironment.

B.Toenjoythecountry'snaturalbeauty.

C.Totrainpetstoexperienceadventures.

D.Tosetupanofficialnonprofitorganization.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.PetAdventureTrips.B.TrueBrotherhood.

C.HenryandBaloo.D.PetCelebritiesOnline.

（2021?湖南省?模擬題）

c

ASpaceXrocket,knownasSN10,wentupoverSouthTexasduringtestflightWednesday

beforefallingdowntoapointlandingnearitslaunchsite.Approximatelythreeminutesafter

landing,however,therocketexplodedatitslandingplace.ltwasunclearwhatcausedtherocket

toexplode.

"We'vehadasuccessfulsofttouchdownonthelandingsite,"SpaceXengineerJohnInsprucker

said.''That'sabeautifultestflightofStarship10.“HeaddedthatSpaceXhasseveralother

rocketsalreadyinproductionandthenext,SN11,willbereadytorolloutforanothertestflight

inthenearfuture.Theprimaiygoalofthetestwastogatherdataonhowthevehicle'sflaps（襟

翼）wouldcontroltheStarshiprocketasitfallsbacktotheEarth.

Musk,theCEOofSpaceX,firstexplainedStarship'sintendedlandingmethodduringa

September2019mediaevent.Hebilleditasauniquewaythatwouldmaketherocketdiveback

throughtheairwithitsbellypointedtowardtheEarthasitsfourflapsswitchslightlytokeepit

steady.ItrsamethodthatMusksaidisintendedtolearnhowaskydiverwouldfallthroughthe

air,ratherthanthestraightvertical（垂直）divetotheEarththatSpaceX'sFalcon9rockets

employwhentheycomeinforlandings.

Perfectingthelandingmethodisessentialto''enableafullyreusabletransportationsystem

designedtocarrybothpassengersandgoodsonlongtimeandinterplanetaryflightsandhelp

humansreturntotheMoon,andtraveltoMars,"accordingtothecompany'swebsite.

SpaceXintendstouseStarshipforavarietyofpurposes,includingshuttlingpayingcustomers

betweencitiesatbreakneckspeeds,potentiallyaidingNASA'sMoonlanding

efforts,and,eventually,launchinggoodsandhumanmissionstoMars.

8.WhatdoesJohnInspruckerthinkoftherocketexplosion?

A.AdisasterfortheSpaceX.B.Apartoftheirroutinework.

C.Ablowontheirconfidence.D.Abreakthroughwithfailure.

9.WhatisthepurposeofthetestofStarshiprockets?

A.TotestthepossibilityoflivingonMars.

B.Tofindapracticalaccesstoreusingrockets.

C.Toexperimenthowtofixflapsonrockets.

D.Totransporthumanwastetootherplanets.

10.WhatcanwelearnaboutSpaceX*sFalcon9rocketsfromthetext?

A.Theylandstraightvertically.

B.Theycanlandwithbodylyingintheair.

C.Theyrelyonflapstokeepsteadyintheair.

D.Theylearntofallfromskydiversintheair.

11.WhatistheStarship'sfinalaim?

A.TolandontheMoon.B.Toshuttlebetweencities.

C.TocarryhumanstoMars.D.TotaketheNASA'splace.

（2021?湖南省?模擬題）

D

第4頁，共22頁

Whenpeoplepausebeforereplyingtoaquestion,evenforjustafewseconds,theiranswersare

supposedtobelesssincereandbelievablethaniftheyhadrepliedimmediately.Andthelonger

thehesitationlasts,thelesssinceretheresponseappears.

Researchersconductedaseriesofexperimentsinvolvingmorethan7,500

individuals.Participantseitherlistenedtoanaudiorecord,viewedavideoorreadanaccountof

apersonrespondingtoasimplequestion.Ineachcase,theresponsetimevariedfromimmediate

toa10-seconddelay.Participantsthenratedthesincerityoftheresponseonasliding

scale.Acrossall14experiments,participantsconsistentlyrateddelayedresponsesasless

sincereregardlessofthequestion.

Thefindingshavewideconnotations.Wheneverpeopleareinteracting,theyarejudgingeach

other'ssincerity.Theseresultscanbeappliedtoawiderangeofinteractions,goingfrom

workplacechatstocouplesandfriendsarguing.Further,injobinterviewsandincourthearings

andtrials,peopleareoftentaskedwithjudgmentsofsincerity.Here,too,responsespeedcould

playapart.Ingeneral,wheneverthereisaresponsethatrequiresananswer,suchasinajob

interview,delayedresponsescanbethoughtaslesssincere.

Itwouldbeunfairfortheresponder,suchasacrimesuspect,iftheresponsedelaywassortedby

mistakeintothoughtcontroloranswermakingupwhenitwasinfactcausedbyadifferent

factor,suchassimplybeingdistractedorthoughtfuLTheexperimentalsofoundthatdefinitely

instructingparticipantstoignoredelayedresponsereduced,butdidnotcompletelyremove,the

effectofdelayedresponseonjudgmentofsincerityorguilt.Nevertheless,onthewhole,afast

responseseemstoberegardedasmoresincere,whilearesponsethatisdelayedforevena

coupleofsecondsmaybeconsideredaslowlie.

12.Whatdoesthereliabilityofanswerslieonaccordingtothestudy?

A.Theresponsetime.B.Theanswercontent.

C.Thetoneofspeakers.D.Thedifficultyofquestions.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword''connotations'1inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Choices.B.Responsibilities.

C.Meanings.D.Possibilities.

14.Whateffectsdoesthestudyresulthaveonourlife?

A.Itisatesttojudgehonesty.

B.Itcanpreventalotofcrimes.

C.Itimprovesskillsinaskingquestions.

D.Itpromotestheharmonybetweenpeople.

15.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Delayedanswersarelies.

B.Itisunfairtorequirealltoanswerslowly.

C.Delayedanswerscanleadtomisjudgment.

D.Delayedresponseshouldbeignoredcompletely.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12.5分)

(2021?湖南省?模擬題)BenefitsofEatingMushroomsSearchforthebenefitsofeating

mushroomsandyou'llturnuppagesofinformationabouthowtheycantreatorprevent

everythingfromcancertoheartdisease.(1).Mushroomsaresogoodforus.The

nutrientsinmushroomsarecertainlyofvalue,andthehealthbenefitsmaysurpriseyou.

TheyareoneofthefewplantsourcesofvitaminD.VitaminDcomesfromsunshineand

animals.Fattyfishesandmilksarethemainresources.Mushrooms,ontheotherhand,produce

vitaminDnaturallyandingreatdeal.(2).

Theyarefulloffiberandlowinfat.Byweight,manymushroomspeciesareatleast50percent

carbs(碳水化合物)，andthoughwethinkofcarbsasunhealthy,mostofthecarbsin

mushroomsareactuallyfiber.(3).Theyarefiberswhichcanhelpwithdigestion.

Theymighthelpstaveoffdiseases.Therehavebeenanumberofstudiesclaimingtofindlinks

betweenmushroomsandvariousdiseases.Somenotethatpeoplewhoeatmoremushrooms

tendtohavelowerratesofcancerorheartdisease,whileotherslookathowspecificnutrients

isolatedfrommushroomsaffectcellsinthelab.(4).Sotheactualhealthbenefitsof

mushroomsaredifficulttoconfirm.

(5).Here'sthething：mushroomsarenotonlydefinitelynutritious,butthey'realso

justrathertasty.Fryupsomeonionsandmushroomsinalittlebutterwithabitofsaltandtryto

denyit.Andapartfromsearchingforthemyourself(pleasedon'tdothisunlessyou'reproperly

trained!),there'sreallynoreasontoeatlessofthem.Sogofbrit.

A.Theyaredelicious.

B.Buttheseclaimslacksolidproof.

C.Theycanslowcognitivedeclineinoldage.

D.Asaresult,mushroomsarealmostsuperfood.

第6頁，共22頁

E.Amushroom'scellshaveallkindsofnon-digestiblecarbs.

F.A100-gramservingwouldmeet50to100percentofourdailyneed.

G.Variouscomponentscanresistbacteriaorprotectthenervoussystem.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）

(2021?湖南省?模擬題)"IhavenoideaofwhattogetyouforChristmasthisyear,"myhusband

LarrysaidinearlyDecember.The(1)wentformeinfindingsomethingfor

him.ThoughweknewthatChristmaswasnotabout(2),westilllikedto(3)

eachotherwithsmallgifts.Andwehadreachedthe(4)inourliveswhenwedidn't

needmorethings.

Thena(5)ontheInternetcaughtmyattention.ltwasaboutschoolshavingto(6)

needychildrenwhowantedtoreceiveluncheswhichtheycouldafford.I(7)

thearticlewithLarry.I(8)givingmoneytotheschoollunchprogramforour

Christmaspresents.Larrysmiled(9)andsaidthatwasagreatideaandawayof

payingitforward.

Wevisitedourlocalelementaryschool,thesameoneourfivechildrenhad(10)years

ago.Thesecretaryatthefrontdesklookedfirst(11)andthenpleased.Shedirectedme

tothecafeteriatotalkwiththe(12)there.Theladyincharge(13)ourgift

ofcashwiththanks,sayingthatitwouldmakeabig(14)tosomanychildren.

Thereweren'tmanypresentsunderthetreethatyear,butitwasoneofour(15)

Christmasesever.

21.A.horribleB.sameC.oppositeD.strange

22.A.ambitionsB.presentsC.holidaysD.purchases

23.A.regardB.recognizeC.requestD.reserve

24.A.ceilingB.edgeC.limitationD.stage

25.A.photoB.bookC.postD.video

26.A.findoutB.turndownC.calmdownD.bringup

27.A.sharedB.possessedC.combinedD.criticized

28.A.suggestedB.admittedC.mindedD.appreciated

29.A.proudlyB.widelyC.bitterlyD.politely

30.A.hatedB.servedC.attendedD.visited

31.A.surprisedB.delightedC.movedD.impatient

32.A.managerB.studentC.cook.D.trainer

33.A.refusedB.subscribedC.submittedD.accepted

34.A.promiseB.wishC.differenceD.fortune

35.A.truestB.simplestC.liveliestD.best

四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）

36.(2021?湖南省?模擬題)ThoughmanyWesternnationsrefertotheLunarNewYear

(SpringFestival)asChineseNewYear,bearinmind(1)it'scelebratednotjust

inChinesecommunitiesallovertheworldbutotherAsiannationssuchasVietnamand

theROK.

CountriesthatobserveLunarNewYearoftenofferthreetosevendaysofpublicholidays

but(2)(celebrate)aren'tcompleteuntilthe15thdayofthefirstlunar

month,alsoknownastheLanternFestival.

Familiestend(3)(have)differentsetsofrulesandtraditions,butmostwill

blesseachotherwithauspicious(吉祥的)wordslike"shentijiankang"(wishyou

goodhealth).

There(4)(be)plentyofotherrulesandcustomsattachedtotheLunarNew

Year.(5)instance,don'twashorcutyourhaironthefirstdayofthenew

year.TheChinesecharacterforhairisthefirstcharacterinthewordforprosperity(成

功).Therefore,washingorcuttingitoff(6)(see)aswashingyourfortune

away.You'llalsowanttoavoid(7)(purchase)footwearfortheentirelunar

month,asthetermforshoes(haai)soundslikelosingandsighingin

Cantonese.Do,however,wearred.It'sassociatedwithluck(8)prosperity.

Throughoutthefestival,hostswillpreparecandyboxesandsnacksfortheir

第8頁，共22頁

guests.Marriedcouplesareexpectedtohandoutredpackets(9)(fill)with

moneytochildrenandunmarriedadultstowish(10)(they)goodluck.

五、書面表達(本大題共2小題，共40.0分)

37.(2021?河北省滄州市?模擬題)你校英語報正在舉辦主題為“我最愛的人"(MyBeloved

One)英語作文比賽，請你寫一篇短文參加比賽，內容包括：

1.簡要描寫外貌；

2.以事例說明他/她最大的性格特征。

注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

MyBelovedOne

38.(2021?湖南省?模擬題)閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭續寫兩段，使之構

成一篇完整的短文。

"AtthebeginningoftheCOVID-19,Iwentthroughsomepainfulpersonalstuffand

wouldoftengooutatnightforlongwalksbecausenoonewasaroundandIcouldn'tsleep

any-way,“KellywroteonTwitter.

"OnenightIwaswalkingdownmystreetandnoticedthatsomeonehadsetupafewlittle

objectsinatreeplanteranduponcloserinspection,!realizeditwasafairygardenwitha

littlenoteaboutthe4-year-oldgirl,Eliana,whofeltlonelyinquarantine(隔離期)and

wantedtospreadsomecheer."

KellywroteanotetoElianapretendingtobeafairynamedSapphirethathadcometolive

inthetree."IsaidIwouldgiftheramagicalfairydice(骰子)ifshedid3thingsforme,"

Kellysaid.Kellyputthenoteinasmallbottlefilledwithglitterandplaceditinthe

garden,unsureifshewouldgetaresponse.

Thenextday,shefoundahandwrittenletterfromElianaexplainingshehadcompletedall

ofSapphire'stasks.Kellysaidsheimmediatelyburstintotears.uSoIleftabunchofmy

dicethathadsmallimperfectionsandleftheranothernoteandalsoalittleextranotefor

herparentswithmynameandphonenumbersotheycouldcontactmeandknowIwasn't

somebadpersonleavingnotesfortheirsmallchild,HKellysaid.

"DoingthiseverynightgavemepurposeinahorriblypainfulandlonelytimeJKellysaid.

"Ilookedforwardtomydaysagainandstartedorderingartsuppliesandlittletoystoleave

her.”

"Wewrotebackandforththroughoutthelast9months,helpingeachotherfeellesslone-ly

andIgottochatwithhermomviatexttomakesuremygiftswerealittlemorepersonal."

注意：

1.續寫的詞數應為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

ThegirfsmothertoldKellythattheyweremovingtoanother

city._________________________

ThegirFsmotherpreferredKellytoactasafairytosaygoodbyetoher

daughter.________________________

第10頁，共22頁

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小題1】A【小題2】D【小題3】B

【知識點】應用文、時文廣告

【解析】（1）A.細節理解題。根據”CS50'sIntroductiontoComputerScience"部分"Length：

14weeksEffort：6hoursperweek'1（時長:14周工作時間:每周6小時）可知，,'CS50,s

IntroductiontoComputerScience”總共需要84小時的學習時間，根據"Masterpiecesof

WorldLiterature”部分"Length：12weeksEffort：8hoursperweek"（時長：12周工作時

間：每周8小時）可知，"MasterpiecesofWorldLilerature”總共需要96小時的學習時間，

根據"TheHealthEffectsofClimateChange"部分"Length：9weeksEffort：10hoursperweek',

（工作時間：9周工作時間：每周10小時可知，HTheHealthEffectsofClimateChange"

總共需要90個小時的學習時間，根據"GlobalChina：FromtheMongolstotheMing”部分

"Length：15weeksEffort：6hoursperweek”（時長：15周工作時間:每周6小時）可知,

"GlobalChina：FromtheMongolstotheMing”總共需要90個小時的學習時間。所以

"MasterpiecesofWorldLiterature"需要最多的學習時間。故選A.

（2）D.數字計算題。根據"GlobalChina：FromtheMongolstotheMing"部分最后兩句"How

theMongolscreatedthegreatestempireinhumanhistory."（蒙古人如何創造了人類歷史上

最偉大的帝國。）和"HowtheMingDynastyestablishedanewglobaleconomy."（明朝

如何建立新的全球經濟。）可知，這門課是關于歷史的，再根據"AddaVerifiedCrtificate

for￥643”（已驗證證書需添加￥643）可知，學生應該付￥643獲取有關歷史的已驗證

證書。故選D.

（3）B.細節理解題。根據"TheHealthEffectsofClimateChange”部分的"Instructors：Ashish

Jha"（講師:AshishJha）可知，AshishJha教授的是“氣候變化對健康的影響這］課，所

以從AshishJha教授那里可以學到氣候變化如何影響人類。故選B.

這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了哈佛大學的一些網上課程。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意。因為閱讀理解題

一般沒有標題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應盡可能

多地捕獲信息材料。

其次，細讀題材，各個擊破。掌握全文的大意之后，細細閱讀每篇材料后的問題，弄清

每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關信息。

要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時，要有較強的針對性。對于捕獲到的信息，要做認真

分析，仔細推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對題目要求，才能做到穩、準。

4.【答案】

【小題1】B【小題2】D【小題3】A【小題4】C

【知識點】記敘文、日常生活

［解析】（1）B.細節理解題。根據第一段CynthiaBennettandAndreSibilsky,anew

couple,wantedahighenergydogthattheycouldtakeonlonghikesandcampingexplorations

fromColoradotoCalifornia.（新婚夫婦辛西婭?班尼特和安德烈?西比爾斯基想要“只精

力充沛的狗，這樣他們就可以從科羅拉多到加利福尼亞進行長途徒步旅行和野營探險。）

可知，Henry被選中的原因是精力充沛，能夠適應長途跋涉。B.Heisactiveandenergetic.

（他很活躍，精力充沛）正確。故選B.

（2）D.推理判斷題。根據第一段Buthe'sabigsoftywithsevereseparationanxiety,so

eventually,thecouplesearchedforacalmyetadventurouscatthatcouldkeepHenry

company-andkeepupwithhimonthepaths.（但他是一個有嚴重分離焦慮的軟弱的狗，所

以最終，這對夫婦尋找了一只冷靜但有冒險精神的貓，可以陪伴亨利，并在道路上跟上

他。）可知，兩只動物的性格互補。D.Theymatcheachotherinpersonality.（他們在性格

上互相匹配）正確。故選D.

（3）A.推理判斷題。根據第四段CynthiaandAndrestartedtheHenryandBaloo

Foundation,anofficialnonprofitorganizationwithamissiontopreserve1,000acresacrossthe

Westandhelpreforestlandthathasbeenclaimedbywildfires.（辛西婭和安德烈創立了亨

利和巴盧基金會（HenryandBalooFoundation）,這是一個官方的非營利性組織，旨在

保護西部的1000英畝土地，幫助重新造林被野火燒毀的土地。）和第五段Cynthiaand

AndrehopethattheadventuresofHenryandBaioowillinspireotherstodiscover,exploreand

treasureourcountry*snaturalbeauty.（辛西婭和安德烈希望亨利和巴盧的冒險將激勵其他

人發現，探索和珍惜我們國家的自然美景。）可知，夫婦二人探險的目的是要保護大自

然。A.Toprotectthenaturalenvironment.（保護自然環境）正確。故選A.

（4）C.標題歸納題。本文主要講述了一只狗和一只貓的故事。C.HenryandBaloo（亨利

和寶龍）為最佳標題。故選C.

本文是一篇記敘文。一只狗和一只貓在與主人一起旅行期間形成了一種和諧的關系，這

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在網絡上迅速走紅。

1.直接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達上與原文基本一致的題目。

2.間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原

文信息進行轉換。

3.綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章

取義。

8.【答案】

【小題1】D【小題2】B【小題3】A【小題4】C

【知識點】科技信息與發明創新、說明文

【解析】（1）D.推理判斷題。根據第二段第二句"That'sabeautifultestflightofStarship10."

（那是星際飛船10號的一次漂亮的試飛。）可知，雖然火箭爆炸了，但是Johnlnsprucker

認為這是一次漂亮的試飛。根據第一段第二句"Approximatelythreeminutesafter

landing,however,therocketexplodedatitslandingplace."（然而，在著陸大約3分鐘后，

火箭在著陸地點爆炸。）和第二段第一句"We'vehadasuccessfulsofttouchdownonthe

landingsite"（我們在著陸點進行了成功的軟著陸）可知，JohnInsprucker認為雖然火箭

在著陸地點爆炸，但是至少在著陸點進行了成功的軟著陸。所以雖然失敗了，但也是一

次突破。故選D.

（2）B.目的意圖題。根據第二段最后一句"Theprimarygoalofthetestwastogatherdataon

howthevehicle'sflaps（襟翼）wouldcontroltheStarshiprocketasitfallsbacktotheEarth."

（該測試的主要目的是收集有關飛船襟翼如何在飛船落回地球時控制火箭的數據。）可

知，這個測試的目的是找到一種實用的火箭再利用方法。故選B.

（3）A.細節理解題。根據第三段最后一句"It'samethodthatMusksaidisintendedtolearn

howaskydiverwouldfallthroughtheair,ratherthanthestraightvertical（垂直）divetothe

EarththatSpaceX'sFal-con9rocketsemploywhentheycomeinforlandings."（馬斯克說，

這種方法是為了了解跳傘者是如何從空中墜落的，而不是SpaceX的FaLcon9火箭在著

陸時采用的直接垂直俯沖地球的方式。）可知，Space'sFalcon9火箭是垂直降落的。

故選A.

（4）C.目的意圖題。根據最后一段"SpaceXintendstouseStarshipforavarietyof

purposes,includingshuttlingpayingcus-tomersbetweencitiesatbreakneckspeeds,potentially

aidingNASA'sMoonlandingefforts,and,eventually,launchinggoodsandhumanmissionsto

Mars."（SpaceX打算將星際飛船用于多種用途，包括以極快的速度在城市間穿梭，可能

有助于美國宇航局的登月工作，并最終向火星發射貨物和載人任務。）可知，星際飛船

的最終目標是載人去火星。故選C.

本文是一篇說明文。星艦SN10,美國“太空探索"（SpaceX）公司研發的“星際飛船"，

在升空試驗降落著陸后發生爆炸。星艦公司CEOMusk和總工程師都認為失敗是成功道

路上的一步。

做這類題材的閱讀理解時要求考生對文章先通讀一遍，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性

的找出相關語句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關鍵句子的基

礎上進行合理地分析，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據。

12.【答案】

【小題1]A【小題2】C【小題3】A【小題4】C

【知識點】科技信息與發明創新、說明文

【解析】（1）A.細節理解題。根據第?一段Whenpeoplepausebeforereplyingtoa

question,evenforjustafewseconds,theiranswersaresupposedtobelesssincereand

believablethaniftheyhadrepliedimmediately.Andthelongerthehesitationlasts,theless

sinceretheresponseappears.（當人們在回答一個問題前停頓，即使只有幾秒鐘，他們的

回答也會被認為比他們立即回答時更不真誠和可信。猶豫的時間越長，對方的反應就越

不真誠。）可知，研究認為，回答的可信度取決于回答問題時的響應時間。A.Theresponse

time.（相應的時間）正確。故選A.

（2）C.詞義猜測題。根據第三段Thefindingshavewideconnotations.Wheneverpeopleare

interacting.theyarejudgingeachother'ssincerity.Theseresultscanbeappliedtoawiderange

ofinteractions,goingfromworkplacechatstocouplesandfriendsarguing.Furtherjnjob

interviewsandincourthearingsandtrials,peopleareoftentaskedwithjudgmentsof

sincerity.Here,too,responsespeedcouldplayapart.Ingeneral,wheneverthereisaresponsethat

requiresananswer,suchasinajobinterview,delayedresponsescanbethoughtaslesssincere.

（這些發現具有廣泛的內涵。當人們在交往時，他們會判斷彼此的誠意。這些結果可以

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應用于廣泛的互動，從工作聊天到夫妻和朋友之間的爭吵。此外，在求職面試、法庭聽

證和審判中，人們經常被要求判斷對方是否真誠。在這方面，反應速度也可以起到一定

作用。一般來說，當有一個需要回答的問題時，比如在工作面試中，延遲回答會被認為

是不真誠的。）結合這段內容，主要說明實驗的結論有廣泛的“含義"，可用于很多地方。

A.Choices.選擇;B.Responsibilities.責任；C.Meanings.含義；D.Possibilities.可能性。故選

C.

（3）A.推理判斷題。根據第三段Wheneverpeopleareinteracting,theyarejudgingeach

other'ssincerity.（當人們在交往時，他們會判斷彼此的誠意。）可知，實驗的結果可用

于判斷誠實度。A.Itisatesttojudgehonesty.（這是一種判斷誠實與否的測試）正確。故

選A.

（4）C.推理判斷題。最后一段Itwouldbeunfairforther