UNIT1SectionB

ReadingandThinking英語2021內(nèi)容索引課前篇自主預(yù)習(xí)課堂篇互動探究課前篇自主預(yù)習(xí)Ⅰ.知識體系圖解重點詞匯

寫作詞匯1.

n.平衡;均勻

vt.使平衡2.

n.提議;建議3.

n.抗議vi.&vt.(公開)反對;抗議4.

adj.可能的

adv.可能地balance

proposal

protestlikely

5.

vt.阻止;阻礙;阻撓6.

n.行為;舉止;管理方法vt.組織;安排;帶領(lǐng)7.

vi.消失;滅絕;消亡8.

n.&vt.企圖;試圖;嘗試9.

adj.值得做的;值得花時間的prevent

conduct

disappear

attemptworthwhile

水壩;攔河壩委員會喪失;損失部;司;科基金;專款在(某段時間、距離或范圍)之內(nèi)重要議題;爭論的問題宣布;公布文件;公文;(計算機(jī))文檔記錄;記載(詳情)拓展詞匯18.

vt.建立;創(chuàng)立→establishmentn.建立,創(chuàng)立

19.

n.限度;限制

vt.

限制;限定→limitedadj.有限的

20.

vi.&vt.調(diào)查;研究→investigationn.調(diào)查;研究

21.

vi.&vt.

捐獻(xiàn);捐助→contributionn.捐款;貢獻(xiàn);捐贈

22.

vt.(尤指向慈善機(jī)構(gòu))捐贈;贈送;獻(xiàn)(血)→donationn.捐贈;贈送

establish

limit

investigate

contribute

donate重點短語

1.

讓步;屈服

2.

導(dǎo)致3.

提出建議4.

向……求助5.

阻止;不準(zhǔn)6.

向……捐贈7.

確保;設(shè)法保證8.

保持平衡givewayto

leadto

makeaproposal

turnto

prevent...from

donate...to...makesure

keepbalanceⅡ.釋義匹配1.balance

A.tocometogethertopubliclyexpressdisapprovaloroppositiontosomething2.protest B.toexamineacrime,problem,statement,etc.carefully,especiallytodiscoverthetruth3.prevent C.togivemoneyorgoodstohelpapersonoranorganization4.investigate D.astateinwhichallyourweightisevenlyspreadsothatyoudonotfall5.donate E.tostopsomethingfromhappening,orstopsomeonefromdoingsomething答案

1.D

2.A

3.E

4.B

5.CⅢ.閱讀導(dǎo)學(xué)A.閱讀P4課文,匹配段落大意。1.Para.1

A.TheEgyptiangovernmentaskedtheUnitedNationsforhelp.2.Para.2 B.Thebigchallengepeoplemeetindevelopingeconomy.3.Para.3 C.Acommitteewasformedtoprotecttheculturalrelics.4.Para.4 D.Culturalheritageprotectionneedsglobalefforts.5.Para.5 E.Manycountriesworktogetherfortheproject.6.Para.6 F.Theprojectwasagreatsuccess.答案

1.B

2.A

3.C

4.E

5.F

6.DB.根據(jù)P4課文內(nèi)容,選擇正確答案。1.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytellus?A.Howtopreserveculturalheritage.B.Howtokeepthebalanceofnature.C.Theimportanceofeconomicdevelopment.D.Howtobalanceeconomicgrowthandculturalheritageprotection.答案

D2.WhathappenedwhentheEgyptwantedtobuildadamacrosstheNile?A.Thereweresometechnicalproblems.B.Proteststookplaceinthecountry.C.TheUnitedNationsdisagreed.D.Peoplecameupwithgreatsolutions.答案

B3.Whatwasthemainaimofthecommittee?A.Tolimitthedamageoftheculturalrelics.B.Toaskforcontributionsfromothercountries.C.TopersuadetheEgyptianstoagreetotheproposal.D.TopreventtheNilefromfloodingthecountry.答案

A4.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Egypthasthemostculturalrelics.B.Culturalheritageprotectionneedsglobalefforts.C.ManyCulturalheritagesitesareindangerofdisappearing.D.TheAswanDamisthelongestdamintheworld.答案

BⅣ.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)閱讀P4課文,厘清文章結(jié)構(gòu)。

balance

protests

established

togethersuccess

solution課堂篇互動探究重點詞匯1Findingandkeepingtherightbalancebetweenprogressandtheprotectionofculturalsitescanbeabigchallenge.(P4)在發(fā)展與文化遺址保護(hù)之間找到恰當(dāng)?shù)钠胶恻c,并加以保持,這可能是一項巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。◆balancen.平衡;均勻

vt.使平衡Whenhewasrunningafterhisbrother,theboylosthisbalanceandhadabadfall.當(dāng)這個男孩追趕哥哥的時候,他失去了平衡,重重地摔了一跤。Howlongcanyoubalanceononefoot?你能單腳站立多久?【詞匯拓展】keep/loseone’sbalance保持/失去平衡keepthebalanceofnature 保持生態(tài)平衡balancebetween...and... 平衡……與……balancesthagainst... 權(quán)衡;斟酌;比較keepabalancebetween...and...

保持……與……的平衡balancedadj.

平衡的keepabalanceddiet 保持飲食均衡Thelittlegirltriedtokeepherselfbalancedonthebalance,butshelostherbalanceandfelltotheground.小女孩試圖在平衡木上保持平衡,但是她失去了平衡,掉到了地上。Youhavetobalancetheadvantagesoflivinginabigcityagainstthedisadvantages.你必須權(quán)衡住在大城市的利與弊。balanced

tobalancea【遷移應(yīng)用】單句填空(1)Peoplehavelearnttheimportanceofkeepinga

(balance)diettosatisfytheirnutritionalneeds.

(2)Themostimportantthingis

(balance)thedevelopmentofeconomywiththeprotectionoftheenvironment.

(3)Youareworkingtoohard.You’dbetterkeep

balancebetweenworkandrelaxation.

2Bigchallenges,however,cansometimeslead

togreatsolutions.(P4)然而,巨大的挑戰(zhàn)有時會帶來偉大的解決方案。◆leadto導(dǎo)致;通向Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidencethatsmokingcanlead

tomanydiseases.現(xiàn)代科學(xué)已經(jīng)清楚證明吸煙會導(dǎo)致很多疾病。Asweknow,allroadslead

toRome.眾所周知,條條大路通羅馬。【詞匯拓展】leadsbtodosth引導(dǎo)某人做某事leadsbto... 帶著某人去/走向……lead/livea...life 過……樣的生活leadtheway 引路;帶路Theoldmanled

the

wayandledustoavillagewherewefoundthelocalpeopleled

a

happy

life.老人帶路,把我們領(lǐng)到了一個村莊。在那里,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)厝诉^著幸福的生活。leadto中的to為介詞,后接名詞、代詞或動詞-ing

形式作賓語。Thediscoveryofnewevidenceled

tothethief’sbeingcaught.新證據(jù)的發(fā)現(xiàn)導(dǎo)致了小偷被抓。to

tomakea【遷移應(yīng)用】單句填空(1)Asweallknow,drivingtoofastanddrunkdrivingcanlead

alotofaccidents.

(2)Hisamazingintelligenceledhim

(make)manygreatdiscoveries.

(3)Undertheleadershipofthelocalgovernment,peoplethereareleading

happylife.

3WaterfromthedamwouldlikelydamageanumberoftemplesanddestroyculturalrelicsthatwereanimportantpartofEgypt’sculturalheritage.(P4)

大壩泄流可能會損壞許多寺廟,摧毀文物,而這些文物是埃及文化遺產(chǎn)的重要組成部分。◆likelyadj.可能的adv.可能地Bewillingtorecommendothers,andtheywilllikelyspeakhighlyofyou,too.愿意推薦他人的話,他們對你的評價也會很高。Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you’llbelesslikelytobringyourworkhome.如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)在辦公室之外有喜歡做的事情,你把工作帶回家的可能性就小了。【詞匯拓展】sb/sthbelikelytodo...某人/某物可能會做……Itislikelythat... 很可能……notlikely 絕不可能,絕對不會unlikelyadj.

不可能的Studiesshowthatpeoplewhovolunteerarelesslikely

todevelopdepressionthanpeoplewhodon’t.研究表明,參加志愿者的人比不參加的人更不容易得抑郁癥。Heisunlikelytocometothepartytonightbecausehismotherisill.他今晚不可能來參加聚會,因為他母親病了。itisunlikelythat

Youarelikely【遷移應(yīng)用】完成句子(1)如果一個人面試遲到了,他是不可能得到這份工作的。Ifoneislateforajobinterview,

hewillgetthejob.

(2)你很有可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)很多與你有相同愛好的人。

tofindmanypeoplewhosharethesameinterestwithyou.

4Afterlisteningtothescientistswhohadstudiedtheproblem,andcitizenswholivednearthedam,thegovernmentturned

totheUnitedNationsforhelpin1959.(P4)

(埃及)政府在聽取了研究該問題的科學(xué)家以及大壩附近居民的意見后,于1959年向聯(lián)合國尋求幫助。◆turnto向……求助;轉(zhuǎn)向Don’thesitatetoturn

tousifyouareindifficulty.你要是有困難,盡管來找我們好了。Goalongthemainroaduntilitbranches,andthenturn

totheright.順著這條大路走,在路的分岔口向右拐。【詞匯拓展】taketurnsdoing/todosth輪流做某事it’sone’sturn(todosth) 輪到某人(做某事)了byturns 輪流inturn 反過來;依次Peopletrytoavoidtransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars,andthisin

turncreatesfurtherproblems.人們試圖開私家車來避免交通延誤,但這種情形反而帶來了進(jìn)一步的問題。turnto為及物動詞短語,后面跟名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式作賓語,不能接動詞原形。Aftergettinghome,heturned

to

doinghishomework.回到家后,他開始做作業(yè)。taketurnsitismyturn【遷移應(yīng)用】完成句子(1)為了節(jié)省開支,我們輪流開車送孩子們?nèi)ド蠈W(xué)。Inordertosavemoney,we

todrivethekidstoschool.

(2)我想這周該輪到我背誦課文了。Ithink

torecitethetext.

5AcommitteewasestablishedtolimitdamagetotheEgyptianbuildingsandpreventthelossofculturalrelics.(P4)

委員會成立了,旨在減少對那些埃及建筑物的破壞,并防止文物損失。◆limitn.限度;限制vt.限制;限定Busesnumbered1to100arelimitedtotravelwithinthecitycentre.公交車1路到100路都僅限于在市中心行駛。Inmyopinion,youhadbettersetalimittotheexpenseofyourtrip.在我看來,你們最好給這次旅行的費用定一個限度。【詞匯拓展】limit...to...把……限制到……belimitedto 局限于……limitedadj.

有限的limitationn.

限度;局限limitlessadj.

無限的Aman’slifeislimited,butthereisnolimittoservingthepeople.Iwilldevotemylimitedlifetothelimitlessjobofservingthepeople.一個人的生命是有限的,但是為人民服務(wù)是無限的。我要把有限的生命投入到無限的為人民服務(wù)中去。limit

to

limited【遷移應(yīng)用】單句填空(1)Knowledgeandlearningareimportantifwewanttobesuccessful,buttheymayalso

(limit)ourthinking.

(2)Toloseweight,helimitshimself

threecupsofmilkandseveralfruitsaday.

(3)Hewasborninapoorfamily,andonlyreceiveda

(limit)educationinhischildhood.

6Thegroupaskedforcontributionsfromdifferentdepartmentsandraisedfundswithintheinternationalcommunity.(P4)該委員會請求各個部門予以支持,并在國際社會籌集資金。◆contributionn.捐款;貢獻(xiàn);捐贈Hewasawardedaprizeforhiscontributiontoworldpeace.他由于為世界和平做出貢獻(xiàn)而獲獎。Theeconomistshavemadeimportantcontributionstothefieldoffinancialandcorporateeconomics.經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們在金融和企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)領(lǐng)域做出了重要的貢獻(xiàn)。【詞匯拓展】makeacontribution/contributionsto對……做出貢獻(xiàn)contributevi.&vt.

捐獻(xiàn);捐助contributesthto...把某物捐獻(xiàn)給……contributeto 有助于;捐獻(xiàn);導(dǎo)致;投稿Ihavecontributedseveralarticlestothemagazine,butnoneofthemhavebeenpublished.我已經(jīng)給雜志投了好幾篇文章,可一篇也沒發(fā)表過。Thetwo-weekexchangeactivitiescontributed

toabetterunderstandingbetweenus.這兩周的交流活動促進(jìn)了我們之間更好的了解。【微寫作】Theycontributedalotoffoodandclothingtotherefugeesandtheircontributionswillcertainlyhelpthemlivethroughthewinter.他們捐獻(xiàn)了大量的食物和衣服給難民,他們的捐獻(xiàn)肯定會幫助難民們熬過這個冬天。to

contribution

to【遷移應(yīng)用】單句填空(1)Thevolunteerscontributetheirowntime

theproject.

(2)Your

(contribute)willcertainlymaketheeventahugesuccess.

(3)Ifyouwanttocontribute

ournewspaper,pleasesendmeyourarticlebeforethedeadline.

7PerhapsthebestexampleisshownbyUNESCO,whichrunsaprogrammethatpreventsworldculturalheritagesitesaroundtheworldfromdisappearing.(P4)能體現(xiàn)這種精神的最好的例子或許就是聯(lián)合國教科文組織;該組織有一項計劃,旨在防止全球各地世界文化遺產(chǎn)的消失。◆preventvt.阻止;阻礙;阻撓Thecarcametoahaltjustintimetopreventanaccident.汽車及時停下,避免了一場車禍。【詞匯拓展】(1)preventsth阻止/預(yù)防某事preventdoingsth 阻止/預(yù)防做某事preventsb(from)doingsth 阻止某人做某事(2)“阻止某人做某事”的其他表達(dá)stopsb(from)doingsthkeepsbfromdoingsthdiscouragesbfromdoingsthIdohopethatyouwillnowreflectonthismatterseriouslyandmakeanefforttopreventthisfromhappeningagain.我的確希望現(xiàn)在你們能認(rèn)真考慮這件事并努力阻止此類事情再次發(fā)生。prevent/stop/keep...from...意思相同,在被動語態(tài)里from均不可省略;而在主動語態(tài)中,與stop/prevent搭配的from可以省略。keep...from...短語中,介詞from不能省略,因為keepsbdoingsth的意思是“使某人一直做某事”。Effectivemeasuresmustbetakentoprevent/keep/stoptheenvironmentfrombeingpolluted.必須采取有效措施保護(hù)環(huán)境免受污染。Let’shurry.Don’tkeephimwaiting.我們快一點,不要讓他等著。getting

topreventcoming【遷移應(yīng)用】用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)AsfarasIamconcerned,thegovernmentissupposedtotakeeffectivemeasurestopreventthehazefrom

(get)worse.

(2)Foodsafetyisveryimportant,sothegovernmentsparesnoeffort

(prevent)foodpollution.

(3)Thereasonthatshegaveforbeingabsentfromclasswasthattheheavysnowpreventedher

(come).

8WhydidtheEgyptiangovernmentwanttoattemptthebuildingofthedam?(P5)為什么埃及政府想要建造大壩?◆attemptvt.企圖;試圖;嘗試Attempttochangesomeoneelse’sattitudetowardslifeisonlyawasteoftimeandenergy.試圖改變他人對生活的態(tài)度只是浪費時間和精力而已。Willtheymakeanotherattempt?他們會再做另一次嘗試嗎?【詞匯拓展】makeanattempttodo/atdoingsth試圖做某事atone’s/thefirstattempt 第一次嘗試inanattempttodosth 為了做某事attempttodosth 努力做某事In

an

attempt

toattractmorecustomers,theytookavarietyofmeasures.為了吸引更多顧客,他們采取了各種措施。Shepassedherdrivingtestat

the

first

attempt.她第一次嘗試就通過了駕照考試。tocompetean

passing【遷移應(yīng)用】單句填空(1)Heattempted

(compete)forthepositionofchairmanoftheStudents’Union.

(2)Personallyspeaking,parentsaremaking

attempttoprotecttheirkidsbygivingwhatevertheyrequire.

(3)Hemadeanattemptat

(pass)theexam,buthefailedintheend.

9Doyouthinkitwasworthwhile?(P5)你認(rèn)為這值得嗎?◆worthwhileadj.值得做的;值得花時間的You’dbetterspendyourtimeonsomeworthwhilereading.你最好把時間花在讀一些有價值的書上。Inmyopinion,sellingthecaratthispriceisnotworthwhile.在我看來,這輛車賣這個價錢不合算。【詞匯拓展】

worthadj.&n.值……的;價值beworth+somemoney值多少錢be(well)worthdoing……(非常)值得被做(主動形式表被動意義)worthyadj.值得的Itisworthwhile/worthvisitingtheScienceMuseum.參觀科學(xué)博物館是值得的。TheChristmaspresentIgavehertheotherdayisworth20dollars.我那天給她的圣誕禮物值20美元。Thisfilmis

worthy

of

beingseen.=Thisfilmis

worthy

to

beseen.這部電影值得一看。【遷移應(yīng)用】一句多譯他在會議上提出的建議值得考慮。(1)Hissuggestionputforwardattheconferenceis

.

(2)Hissuggestionputforwardattheconferenceisworthyof

.

(3)Hissuggestionputforwardattheconferenceisworthyto

.

(4)

toconsider/consideringhissuggestionputforwardattheconference.

worthconsideringbeingconsidered

beconsideredItisworthwhile重點句式1There

comes

a

time

when

the

old

must

give

way

to

the

new,and

it

is

not

possible

to

preserve

everything

from

our

past

as

we

move

towards

the

future.(P4)

新舊更替的時代已經(jīng)到來,在走向未來的過程中,我們不可能將過去的一切都保存下來。【句式剖析】Therecomesatimewhen...意為“……的時代到來了”,when引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾atime,when在從句中作時間狀語。TherecomesatimewhenteenagerslearnEnglishontheInternet.青少年在網(wǎng)上學(xué)英語的時代到來了。Therecomesatimewhenyouhavetodecidewhattomajorinattheuniversity.到了你必須選擇大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)什么專業(yè)的時候了。【句式拓展】

Ioftenmissmychildhood.ItwasatimewhenIspentalmosteachdaywithoutworries.我經(jīng)常懷念我的童年。那是一段我?guī)缀趺刻於紵o憂無慮的日子。ThatwasatimewhenItookacrazylikingtorock‘n’roll.那是一個我非常狂熱地喜歡搖滾樂的時期。【遷移應(yīng)用】完成句子(1)你必須作出抉擇的時候到了。

whenyouhavetomakeachoice.

(2)那時人們不太關(guān)注健康。

whenpeopleweren’tsohung-upabouthealth.

TherecomesatimeIt/Thatwasatime2Not

only

had

the

countries

found

a

path

to

the

future

that

did

not

run

over

the

relics

of

the

past,but

they

had

also

learnt

that

it

was

possible

for

countries

to

work

together

to

build

a

better

tomorrow.(P4)

這些國家不僅找到了一條不以犧牲古跡為代價的未來發(fā)展之路,而且明白了多個國家合作創(chuàng)造美好未來的可能性。【句式剖析】notonly...butalso...用于連接兩個表示并列關(guān)系的成分,著重強(qiáng)調(diào)后者,其意為“不但……而且……”;其中的also有時可以省略。Lightandbrightcoloursmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbut(also)moreactive.淺色和鮮艷的顏色不但使人看了高興,也會使人更加活潑。Manhasbecomemasternotonlyoftheskybutalsoofthespace.人類不但征服了天空,而且征服了太空。【句式拓展】(1)notonly...butalso...連接的兩個成分作主語時,其謂語在人稱和數(shù)上通常與鄰近的主語保持一致。NotonlyIbutalsoTomandMaryarefondofwatchingtelevision.不僅我,而且湯姆和瑪麗都喜歡看電視。(2)notonly...butalso...連接兩個句子,且notonly位于句首時,notonly后面的句子要用部分倒裝。Aftertheearthquake,notonlywastherenoelectricity,butalsotherewasnocleanwater.地震以后,不僅沒有電,而且也沒有干凈的水。Notonlydoeshehaveafirst-classbrainbutalsoheisahard-workingman.他不僅大腦聰明,而且很勤勞。notonlyasuccessfulwriterisinterestedindotheprofessorshave【遷移應(yīng)用】完成句子(1)他不僅是一位成功的作家,而且是他那個時代最偉大的詩人。Hewas

but(also)thegreatestpoetofhistime.

(2)不僅是我,而且湯姆也對書法感興趣。NotonlyIbutalsoTom

calligraphy.

(3)對這件事不僅教授們有自己的看法,學(xué)生們也有自己的想法。Notonly

theirownideasonthematter,butthestudentshavetheirstoo.

隨堂練習(xí)Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Theschoolhas

(建立)asuccessfulrelationshipwiththelocalcommunity.

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established2.Inordertoreachthis

(限度),anumberoftechnicalproblemswillhavetobesolved.

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limit3.Ifirmlybelievethateachofuscan

(貢獻(xiàn))tothefutureoftheworld.

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contribute4.Atfirstshewasnervous,buthernervousnessquickly

(消失)onceshewasonstage.

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disappeared5.Afterwegotthere,theguide

(帶領(lǐng))usaroundtheruinsoftheancientcity.

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conductedⅡ.課文語篇