PARTTWO第二篇

語法突破篇語法專題（十四）賓語從句、狀語從句和定語從句1最新中小學課件【中考考點】(1)賓語從句的時態、語序及引導詞。(2)賓語從句的簡化形式。(3)狀語從句中連詞的選擇和時態。(4)關系代詞和關系副詞的基本用法。(5)關系代詞的特殊用法。2最新中小學課件考點一引導詞賓語從句1.在that引導的賓語從句中,若是陳述句作賓語,that可以省略。Theradiosays(that)itwillraintomorrow.收音機報道說明天要下雨。2.連接代詞which,what,who等或連接副詞how,where,why,when等引導的特殊疑問句作賓語從句時,從句改用陳述語序。Couldyoutellme

toyou?

你能告訴我他跟你說了些什么嗎?whathesaid3最新中小學課件3.whether或if引導的一般疑問句或選擇疑問句作賓語從句時,從句改用陳述語序。Iwonder

youhavetoldthenewstoLiLei.我想知道你是否已經告訴李雷這個消息了。

【注意】下列幾種情況中,賓語從句的引導詞通常使用whether:(1)具有選擇意義且又有or或ornot,尤其是直接與ornot連用時,往往用whether。(2)介詞之后用whether。(3)不定式前用whether。if/whether4最新中小學課件考點二時態1.當主句為現在時態時,賓語從句的時態可根據實際情況而定。Irememberhe

meabookyesterday.

我記得他昨天給了我一本書。Hehastoldmethathe

forNewYorktomorrow.

他已經告訴我明天他就動身去紐約了。2.當主句為過去時態時,賓語從句要用相應的過去時態。WeaskedwhatJeanwasdoingthen.我們問瓊那時正在做什么。3.當從句表述的是客觀真理或普遍規律時,賓語從句要使用一般現在時。Lisasaidlight

fasterthansound.

麗薩說光的傳播速度比聲音快。gavewillleavetravels/goes5最新中小學課件考點三語序1.陳述句改為賓語從句時,語序不變。Heisagoodchild.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid(that)hewasagoodchild.老師說他是個好孩子。2.一般疑問句和特殊疑問句改為賓語從句時,語序改為陳述語序。Doesheworkhard?Iwonder.→Iwonderif/whether

.

我想知道他工作是否努力。Whendidheleave?Idon'tknow.→Idon'tknowwhenheleft.我不知道他是什么時候離開的。heworkshard6最新中小學課件【注意】賓語從句的簡化當賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同,且主句的謂語動詞是know,remember,forget,learn等時,從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結構。Idon'tknowwhatIshouldsay.→Idon'tknowwhat

.

我不知道要說什么。tosay7最新中小學課件考點一狀語從句的分類狀語從句1.時間狀語從句引導詞有when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,not…until…,assoonas等。Whenhecomesback,I'llgiveyouacall.他回來時,我會給你打電話的。Theydidn'tstopuntiltheyfinishedthework.他們直到完成工作才停下來。I'llringyouassoonasIreachBeijing.我一到北京就給你打電話。8最新中小學課件2.原因狀語從句引導詞有because,since,as等。Ididn'tgo,becauseIwasafraid.我沒去,因為我害怕。Sinceyouarefreetoday,you'dbettertakeagoodrest.既然你今天有空,你最好好好休息。3.條件狀語從句引導詞有if,unless,aslongas等。Ifitrains,I'llgobycar.如果下雨,我就乘小汽車去。Youcannotsucceedunlessyouworkhard.如果你不努力學習,你是不會成功的。9最新中小學課件4.結果狀語從句引導詞有so…that…,such…that…等。Itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'tseetheroad.雨下得如此大,以至于我們看不見路。5.讓步狀語從句引導詞有though,eventhough/if,although,“nomatter+疑問詞”等。Eventhough/ifyousayso,Idonotbelieveit.即使你這么說,我也不信。10最新中小學課件6.目的狀語從句引導詞有sothat,inorderthat等。IneedtogetupearlysothatIcancatchtheearlybus.我需要早起,以便我能趕上早班車。7.方式狀語從句引導詞有asif/though,as等。Thechildtalkedtousasifhewereagrown-up.那個孩子跟我們談起話來像個成年人似的。11最新中小學課件8.地點狀語從句引導詞有where,wherever等。Whereverhegoes,healwaysbringshispetdog.無論他去哪里,他總是帶著他的寵物狗。9.比較狀語從句引導詞有than,as…as…,notas/so…as…等。CarolspeaksEnglishaswellasyoudo.卡羅爾英語說得和你一樣好。12最新中小學課件考點二主句與從句時態一致的問題在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中,主句和從句之間的時態一致問題一般分為下列三種情況:1.主現從現:若主句是祈使句或主句中有情態動詞時,那么從句用一般現在時表示將來。Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.過馬路時要小心。Thetrafficmuststopwhenthelights

.

當紅燈亮時,車輛必須停下來。turn/arered13最新中小學課件僅供學習交流！！！14最新中小學課件2023/7/282.主將從現:主句用一般將來時,而從句用一般現在時表示將來。IwillvisitmygoodfriendwhenI

time.

當我有空時,我將去看望我的好友。Ifshe

heretomorrow,Iwillgototheparkwithher.

如果明天她來這里,我將和她一起去公園。3.過去時態:若主從句都是在敘述過去的事情,則主從句可以用一般過去時或過去進行時。MymotherwascookingwhenIgothomeyesterday.昨天我到家時,我媽媽正在做飯。havecomes15最新中小學課件考點三賓語從句和狀語從句同時出現Idon'tknowif(是否)hewillcome.If(如果)hecomes,Iwilltellhimabouttheaccident.我不知道他是否會來。如果他來的話,我將告訴他這起事故。Idon'tknowwhen(什么時候)hewillcometomorrow.When(當……的時候)hecomes,Iwilltellhimaboutthenews.我不知道他明天什么時候來。當他來時,我將告訴他這則消息。16最新中小學課件定語從句考點一關系代詞的基本用法引導定語從句的關系代詞有who(whose,whom),which,that。作主語作賓語作定語指人who/thatwho/whom/thatwhose指物which/thatwhich/thatwhose17最新中小學課件考點二關系代詞的特殊用法一般情況下,that既可指人又可指物,可以代替who,whom和which。1.下列情況關系詞只能用that(1)先行詞為不定代詞all,few,little,much,everything,nothing等時。All(that)youhavetodoistopracticeeveryday.你必須要做的就是每天練習。Thereisn'tmuch(that)Icando.我能做的不多。(2)先行詞被序數詞或形容詞的最高級修飾時。Thefirstlesson(that)Ilearnedwillneverbeforgotten.我將永遠不會忘記我上的第一堂課。Thisisthebestfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.這是我曾經看過的最好的一部電影。18最新中小學課件(3)先行詞被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等不定代詞修飾時。Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.我已經讀完了你給我的所有的書。(4)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame等修飾時。ThewhitefloweristheonlyonethatIreallylike.這朵白花是我唯一真正喜歡的。Thisistheverybook

Iwanttoread.

這就是我想看的那本書。that19最新中小學課件(5)當主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時。Whoisthemanthatisstandingoverthere?站在那邊的那個人是誰?Whichofusthatknowsomethingaboutphysicsdoesn'tknowthis?在我們懂點物理的人當中有誰不知道這個?(6)先行詞既有人又有物時。Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthings

wecouldremember.

我們談論了我們所能記得的人和事。(7)time作先行詞且前面有序數詞或last修飾時,定語從句用that來引導(that可省略)。Thisisthelasttime(that)Ishallgiveyoualesson.這是我最后一次給你們上課了。Thefirsttime(that)Isawhimwasin2016.我第一次見到他是在2016年。that20最新中小學課件2.下列情況只能用which(1)關系代詞作介詞的賓語時,用“介詞+which”結構。Thisisthebookfor

youask.

這是你要的書。(2)引導非限制性定語從句時,只能用which。Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.這本我已經讀了三遍的小說很感人。which21最新中小學課件考點三關系副詞的用法1.when引導的定語從句修飾表示時間的先行詞,在句中作狀語。Istillremembertheday

IfirstcametoBeijing.我仍然記得第一次來北京的那一天。

2.where在句中作狀語,表示地點。Thisisthefactory

Iworkedtwoyearsago.這就是我兩年前工作的那家工廠。

3.why在句中作狀語,表示原因。Iknowthereason

hecamelate.

我知道他來晚的原因。whenwherewhy22最新中小學課件中考真題演練1.—Canyoutellme

?

—HelivesinShanghai.A.whereMarklives B.wheredoesMarkliveC.whereMarklived D.wheredidMarklive2.—Judy,couldyoutellme

theschoolbag?

—Oh,yes.IboughtitinastoreontheInternet.A.wheredidyoubuy B.wherewillyoubuyC.whereyoubought D.whereyouwillbuy賓語從句AC23最新中小學課件中考真題演練3.[2018·北京]—Alice,couldyoutellme

London?

—Sure.LastSunday.A.whenMr.Smithleft B.whenMr.SmithwillleaveC.whendidMr.Smithleave D.whenwillMr.Smithleave[答案]A

[解析]考查賓語從句。賓語從句使用陳述語序,排除C、D兩項;根據答語中的“LastSunday.”判斷使用一般過去時。故選A。24最新中小學課件中考真題演練4.[2018·淮安]—Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme

thenearestpostoffice?

—Certainly.Walkacrosstheroadandturnright,andyou'llseeit.A.whencanIgetto B.whenIcangettoC.howcanIgetto D.howIcangetto[答案]D

[解析]考查賓語從句。賓語從句用陳述語序,排除A、C;答語提示用how引導賓語從句,表示“如何;怎樣”,與when“何時”無關。故選D。25最新中小學課件中考真題演練5.[2018·萊蕪]—YoucamebackfromBeijingyesterday.Couldyoutellme

?

—Iwenttherebytrain.A.howyouwentthere B.whoyouwentwithC.whatyouthinkofthetrip D.ifyouenjoythetrip[答案]A

[解析]考查賓語從句。根據答語“wenttherebytrain”可知,問句是詢問去北京的交通方式。故選A。26最新中小學課件中考真題演練6.[2018·常州]—Canyoudescribe

?

—Yes.Iwaswalkingwhenabikeknockedmedownfrombehind.A.whydidtheaccidenthappen B.whendidtheaccidenthappenC.howtheaccidenthappened D.wheretheaccidenthappened[答案]C

[解析]

考查賓語從句。賓語從句要用陳述語序,故可排除A和B項;根據答語“當我正走著的時候,一輛自行車從后面撞倒了我。”可知,本題詢問的是“事故是怎么發生的?”故選C。27最新中小學課件中考真題演練7.[2018·沈陽]—Tom,Iwenttothepartyyesterdayevening.—Oh,Iwanttoknow

attheparty.

A.whodoyoumeet B.whoyoumeetC.whodidyoumeet D.whoyoumet[答案]D

[解析]

考查賓語從句。賓語從句要注意引導詞、陳述語序、時態。根據上文“Tom,Iwenttothepartyyesterdayevening.”可以判斷下文談論的是昨天晚上的晚會,故要用一般過去時。根據賓語從句用陳述語序可知答案為D。28最新中小學課件中考真題演練8.[2018·云南]—Idon'tknow

duringthesummervacation.Anyadvice?

—Howaboutdoingsomepart-timejobs?A.whatshouldIdo B.whatIshoulddoC.whereshouldIgo D.whereIshouldgoB29最新中小學課件中考真題演練9.[2018·日照]Thereissomuchnoiseinthenextroom.Iwonder

.

A.whataretheydoing B.whattheyaredoingC.whatweretheydoing D.whattheyweredoing[答案]B

[解析]

考查賓語從句。賓語從句使用陳述語序,排除選項A、C;根據第一句及主句的時態可知賓語從句使用現在時態,排除選項D。故選B。30最新中小學課件中考真題演練10.[2018·玉林]—Herearethejobsforyou,youngman.—Thankyou.CouldIchoose

?

A.whatIliketodomost B.whatIlikedtodomostC.whatdoIliketodomost D.whatdidIliketodomost[答案]A

[解析]

考查賓語從句。賓語從句要使用陳述語序,因此排除C、D;主句中could表示委婉的請求,不是過去式,故排除B。故選A。31最新中小學課件中考真題演練11.[2018·黃岡]—IreallywanttowatchOperationRedSea(《紅海行動》).Couldyoutellme

?

—Sure.It'llbeonshowatTownCinema.A.whenwillitbeonshow B.whenitwillbeonshowC.wherewillitbeonshow D.whereitwillbeonshow[答案]D

[解析]

考查賓語從句。根據答語句意推知賓語從句問地點,C和D選項符合此意,該賓語從句是一個特殊疑問句,其特點是特殊疑問詞在前,后面從句用陳述語序。故選D。32最新中小學課件中考真題演練12.[2018·黃石]—I'msosorryaboutyesterday.—Don'tworryaboutit.It'sneverjustoneperson'sfault.Weshouldthinkabout

betternexttime.

A.howcanwedoit B.howwecandoitC.wherecanwedoit D.wherewecandoitB33最新中小學課件中考真題演練13.[2018·瀘州]—Couldyoutellme

yuanxiaoinChina?

—UsuallyattheLanternFestival.A.whendopeopleeat B.howdopeopleeatC.whenpeopleeat D.howpeopleeat[答案]C

[解析]

考查賓語從句。賓語從句要用陳述語序,再結合后面的回答可知,前面問句與時間有關。故選C。34最新中小學課件中考真題演練14.[2018·新疆]—Excuseme,couldyoutellme

fromyourhometoschool?

—It'sabout500meters.A.howfarisit B.howfaritisC.howlongdoesittakeyou D.howlongittakesyou[答案]B

[解析]

考查賓語從句。上句是賓語從句,從句中需用陳述語序,可排除A、C項;根據答語“It'sabout500meters.”可知,上句應是詢問距離,因此用howfar表達。故選B。35最新中小學課件中考真題演練15.[2018·河池]—Couldyoutellme

yourholiday,Jim?

—Yes.InSingapore.A.wheredidyouspend B.howyouspentC.howwillyouspend D.whereyouspent[答案]D

[解析]

考查賓語從句。賓語從句要用陳述語序,故排除選項A和C;B項意為:你怎么度過假期?D項意為:你在哪里度過假期?根據答語“InSingapore.”可知問句應該是詢問“在哪里度過假期”。故選D。36最新中小學課件中考真題演練16.[2018·萊蕪]Jerrywillsucceedinworkingouttheproblem

hegivesup.

A.if B.becauseC.so D.unless17.Jackdidn'tcometoschooltoday

hewasill.

A.so B.butC.or D.because狀語從句DD37最新中小學課件中考真題演練18.[2018·撫順]LittleTonywashappytogetagiftfromhisfriend,

thegiftwasonlyacard.

A.though B.but C.since D.if19.[2018·曲靖]—What'syouropiniononfriends?—Theyarelikebooks.Wedon'tneedalotofthem

they'regood.

A.aslongas B.assoonasC.sothat D.asifAA38最新中小學課件中考真題演練20.Westilldoexerciseeverymorning,

itisverycoldoutside.

A.so B.or C.although D.because21.OurEnglishteacherdidn'tcometoclass

herdaughterwasill.

A.and B.so C.but D.because22.[2018·本溪]Kevinbecameavolunteertosaveendangeredanimals

hehadnosuchexperience.

A.because B.if C.though D.untilCDC39最新中小學課件中考真題演練23.Itwasrainingheavily,

wedecidedtostayathomeandwatchTV.

A.but B.so C.because D.or24.[2018·長春]Theskyismuchbluer

wehavetakenactiontoprotecttheenvironment.

A.becauseB.before C.until D.unless25.

itrainstomorrow,wewillgotothecinemainsteadofgoingcamping.

A.If B.WhenC.Though D.BecauseBAA40最新中小學課件中考真題演練26.[2018·黔南]Jackhaslearnedmoreaboutteamwork(團隊合作)

hejoinedthesoccerteam.

A.until B.sinceC.while D.though27.Mikehadabadcold,

hehadtostayathome.

A.or B.but C.because D.soBD41最新中小學課件中考真題演練28.[2018·咸寧]—HarryPotteris

aninterestingnovel

Iwanttoreaditagain.

—Iagreewithyou.A.so;that B.too;toC.such;that D.as;as29.WewillmeettheEnglishfriends

wehavetime.

A.if B.so C.but D.and30.Wedidnotenjoytheday

theweatherwastoobad.

A.or B.becauseC.but D.soCAB42最新中小學課件中考真題演練31.[2018·黃岡]—Class,youshouldbethankfultothosepeople

helpedandsupportedyou.

—Wewill,MissChen.A.which B.whom C.who D.whose定語從句[答案]C

[解析]

考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知,